Name: Ranty S

Class: X. Mipa 1

The Biography of Teuku Umar

Teuku Umar (Meulaboh, West Aceh, 1854 – February 11, 1899) was a leader of a guerrilla campaign against the
Dutch in Aceh during the Aceh War. He fell when Dutch troops launched a surprise attack in Meulaboh. His body
was buried in the Mugo area. After Teuku Umar's death, his wife Cut Nyak Dhien continued to lead the guerrillas
against the Dutch. He was later made a National Hero of Indonesia.

Teuku Umar joined the guerrilla forces in 1873 at the age of 19. At first, he fought in Meulaboh; he later expanded
his operations to different parts of West Aceh.

At the age of 20, Umar married Nyak Sofia; not long after, he took Nyak Malighai as his second wife. In 1880,
Umar married his cousin Cut Nyak Dhien; Dhien later joined him in the guerrilla campaign.

On March 30, 1896, Umar and his troops deserted, taking including 800 weapons, 25,000 bullets, 500 kilograms
(1,100 lb) of ammunition, and 18,000 dollars. Together with 400 soldiers under the command of Teuku Panglima
Polem Muhammad Daud, Umar attacked the Dutch forces, killing 25 and injuring 190.

In retaliation, the Dutch governor sent soldiers en masse to capture or kill Umar. Umar was killed in an ambush on
February 10, 1899 in Meulaboh.

In the 1930s, Sukarno described Teuku Umar as being one of the pahlawan tiga-sekawan (three heroic friends) along
with Diponegoro and Imam Bonjol.

Teuku Umar has been officially designated as national hero of Indonesia. There are many streets named after him
throughout Indonesia, including a main thoroughfare in the well-known suburb of Menteng in Jakarta, as well as a
field in Meulaboh.
Name: Linda

Class: X. Mipa 1

KI HAJAR DEWANTARA

On May 2, 1889 Ki Hajar Dewantara born in Yogyakarta. The original name of Ki Hajar Dewantara i.e. Raden Mas
Soewardi Soeryaningrat. He comes from a family of Yogyakarta Kingdom. Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat, he
was renamed Ki Hajar Dewantara when even 40 year old Caka year count did. Since that time, he was no longer
using knighted before his name. It is intended that he be free to close to the people, both physically and in his heart.
He is a figure of a polite, simple and noble-hearted. Although the gentility but Ki Hajar Dewantara still hang out
with the people downstairs and diligently provide succor to the needy.

The journey of life Ki Hajar Dewantara really characterized the struggle and devotion in the interest of his people.
He completed elementary school in ELS (Netherlandselementary school) then extends to the STOVIA (school
Doctor Bumiputra), but not until the end due to illness. He then worked as a journalist on several newspapers,
among others, Sedyotomo, Java, Midden De Express, Indian Oetoesan, Kaoem, Moeda Tjahaja Timoer and Poesara.
In his time, he belongs to the author reliable. His writings are very communicative, sharp and so capable of uplifting
patriotic antikolonialfor readers.

Ki Hajar Dewantara in addition to young journalists as a tenacious, he was also active in social and political
organization. In 1908, he was active in Boedi Oetomo propaganda section to socialize and evocative awareness of
Indonesia at that time aboutthe importance of unity and unity in the nation and State.

Ki Hajar Dewantara very active and concerned with the world of education. One of the proofs of it i.e. He
established the School Grounds Students in 1922.

He gave the example of and motivation to young people to keep passion in learning about science. One of the
motivational words of Ki Hajar Dewantara which until now still inherent in the minds of all of us, namely: “Tut wuri
handayani” ing ngarsa sung tulada, ing madya mangun karsa, tut wuri handayani.
Name: Tarisa Anggraena

Class: X. Mipa 1

RADEN AJENG KARTINI

Raden Adjeng Kartini was born to a noble family on April 21, 1879, in the village of Mayong, Java, Indonesia.
Kartini’s mother, Ngasirah, was the daughter of a religious scholar. Her father, Sosroningrat, was a Javanese
aristocrat working for the Dutch colonial government. This afforded Kartini the opportunity to go to a Dutch school,
at the age of 6. The school opened her eyes to Western ideals. During this time, Kartini also took sewing lessons
from another regent’s wife, Mrs. Marie Ovink-Soer. Ovink-Soer imparted her feminist views to Kartini, and was
therefore instrumental in planting the seed for Kartini’s later activism.

When Kartini reached adolescence, Javanese tradition dictated that she leave her Dutch school for the sheltered
existence deemed appropriate to a young female noble.

Struggling to adapt to isolation, Kartini wrote letters to Ovink-Soer and her Dutch schoolmates, protesting the
gender inequality of Javanese traditions such as forced marriages at a young age, which denied women the freedom
to pursue an education.

Ironically, in her eagerness to escape her isolation, Kartini had to to accept a marriage proposal arranged by her
father. On November 8, 1903, she wed the regent of Rembang, Raden Adipati Joyodiningrat. Kartini had recently
been offered a scholarship to study abroad, and the marriage dashed her hopes of accepting it. According to
Javanese tradition, at 24 she was too old to expect to marry well.

Intent on spreading her feminist message, with her new husband’s approval, Kartini soon set about planning to start
her own school for Javanese girls. With help from the Dutch government, in 1903 she opened the first Indonesian
primary school for native girls that did not discriminate on the basis of their social status. The school was set up
inside her father’s home, and taught girls a progressive, Western-based curriculum. To Kartini, the ideal education
for a young woman encouraged empowerment and enlightenment. She also promoted their lifelong pursuit of
education. To that end, Kartini regularly corresponded with feminist Stella Zeehandelaar as well as numerous Dutch
officials with the authority to further the cause of Javanese women’s emancipation from oppressive laws and
traditions. Her letters also expressed her Javanese nationalist sentiments.

On September 17, 1904, at the age of 25, Kartini died in the regency of Rembang, Java, of complications from
giving birth to her first child. Seven years after her death, one of her correspondents, Jacques H. Abendanon,
published a collection of Kartini’s letters, entitled “From Darkness to Light: Thoughts About and on Behalf of the
Javanese People.” In Indonesia, Kartini Day is still celebrated annually on Kartini’s birthday.
Name: Nadia

Class: X.Mipa 1

DEWI SARTIKA

Dewi Sartika was born on December 4th, 1884 in Cicalengka, Bandung. Her father named Raden Somanagara was a
freedom fighter at that time. While her mother was Nyi Raden Rajapermas.For opposing the Government of the
Netherlands East Indies, her mother was exiled to Ternate, while her father died. So, Dewi Sartika brought up by her
maternal uncle, a brother of her mom, who called Arya. At that time, Arya was a governor in Cicalengka.

As a teenager, Dewi Sartika was back to Bandung and stayed with her mother. She was more determined to reach
her goal, which was to establish a school that aims to promote women’s education.After a very long struggle, she
finally managed to establish a school that is devoted to women. Then, on January 16, 1904, after consultation with
the Regent R.A.A Martanagara, for the first time, she managed to open a school.

At the top, in 1912, she had 9 Sakola Istri in Pasundan. In 1914, Sakola Istri was renamed Sakola Kautamaan Istri
(School of Virtue Women). Exactly in 1920 the whole region of Pasundan owned Sakola Kautamaan Istri.

In September 1929, when Sakola Kautamaan Istri was 25 years, the school became the Sakola Raden Dewi. As for
her dedication in this field, she was awarded by the Indian – Dutch government.

Dewi Sartika died on September 11th, 1947 in Tasikmalaya. She was buried in the funeral Cigagadon Rahayu
Village District of Cincem. Finally, after 3 years his tomb was moved to a cemetery complex Regent of Bandung at
Karang Anyar Street, Bandung regency.

Struggle as well as her dedication to the nation of Indonesia, made her an honorary degree, and were given on
December 1st 1966 as the National Independence Hero.
Name : Anisa Putri Imelda

Class : X MIPA 1

MOHAMMAD HATTA

Mohammad Hatta is one hero who greatly contributed to the independence of Indonesia. He is known as the
proclaimer. He was born on August 12, 1902, precisely at the high hill of West Sumatra. He is better known by the
name of Bung Hatta. Mohammad Hatta was born of a mother who named Siti Saleha and a father named
Muhammad Jamil. Hatta was raised in a religious environment. His grandfather is a cleric who founded a mosque in
Batuhampar. Her family background that merchant. Belonging to the family of his mother a successful trader.

Mohammad Hatta studied in Europese Largere School (ELS) in New York City who currently renamed SMAN I
Padang. He also studied at the Meer Uirgebreid Lagere (MULO) in Padang. He also studied related to trade that
Handel Middlebare School (High School of Commerce) and the last one he was educated in the Netherlands, namely
in the Netherlands Handelshogeschool. This is where he was awarded Drs. Religious knowledge are also not spared
from the education which he passes. He even studied religion by scholars who are in Indonesia, among others,
Abdullah Ahmad, Muhammad Jamil Jambek, and several other prominent scholars.

Mohammad Hatta not only serves as a proclaimer, but he is also active in the field of organization and politics. His
role in politics begins He was elected as treasurer Jong Sumatranen Bond in Padang. Political knowledge has grown
very rapidly when he often attend political meetings. He also joined a social organization. The organization called
Indische Vereeniging. This organization eventually turned into a political organization. This happens because of the
Ki Hajar Dewantara which has considerable influence in the development of the organization.

Mohammad Hatta became vice chairman of the preparation of independence in August 1945. The event was chaired
by Sukarno. At the time of Muhammad Hatta ordered by Sukarno to write the text of the proclamation to be read out
at the event. However, he still wants the manuscript was written by Sukarno. Finally, Soekarno Hatta typed and sent
to join the signed copy of the proclamation.
Name : Naimah fijannatin Aliyah

Class : X mipa 1

BUNG TOMO

Bung Tomo is listed as a national hero since 2 November 2008 through confinement by Information and
Communications Minister M Nuh. He was a character on the events of the battle popoler November 10 in Surabaya.

He was an orator, burning spirit to fight to the death, maintaining dignity, homeland and nation was proclaimed on
August 17, 1945.

For a closer look at Bung Tomo brings his passion for motivation We're so much better here's a little story of life can
bung tomo please login or take a look at the positive side that we are also motivated.

Sutomo (Surabaya, October 3, 1920 - Makkah, October 7, 1981) or Bung Tomo is a hero known for his role in
encouraging the people to resist the return of the Dutch through NICA troops and ending with the events of 10
November 1945 battle hitherto celebrated as Heroes' Day .Sutomo worked as a civil servant, he was a staff person at
a private company, as an assistant in the office of government tax and employee small Dutch import-export
company.He has also worked as a policeman in the city of Praja and had also become members of the SI, before he
moved to Surabaya and become a distributor for the company's sewing machine "Singer".

Sutomo grew up in a middle-class family. Education was important to be obtained Sutomo and family. Sutomo
tenacious personality, hard worker, his fighting power is very high. At the young age Sutomo active in scouting
organization or KBI. He is also joined by a number of political and social groups. In 1944 he was member of the
New People's Movement. Since the arrival of allied forces and NICA in Surabaya, Bung Tomo struggled to maintain
grip Allied and Surabaya from NICA. Bung Tomo has a strong influence among the youth and the fighters. He
boldly fired up fighters to battle it out against the allied forces. The fighting was triggered by the death of Brigadier
General AWS Malaby in a firefight with militants. Although power is not balanced by fighters allied troop strength,
but the events of the battle 10 November noted as the most important events in the history of Indonesia

Around the 1950's Bung Tomo was active in political life. He had become the country Affairs Minister Former
Combatants Forces / Veterans as well as Minister of Social Affairs Ad Interim in 1955-1956 on Harahap
Burhanuddin cabinet. Bung Tomo is also a member of the House of People's Party of Indonesia 1956-1959. During
the New Order government, Bung Tomo criticizing Suharto's policies which he considered starting off.

As a result, on 11 April 1978 he was arrested and jailed by the Suharto government. In fact so great merit in the
struggle for independence. One year after the resistance freed Bung Tomo later and not much active in political life.
Name: Ulfatul Fitroh

Class: X. Mipa 1

Cut Nyak Dhien was a leader of the Acehnese guerrilla forces during the Aceh War. She was born in Lampadang in
1848. Following the death of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions against the Dutch for 25 years. She
was awarded the title of Indonesian National Hero on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.  

Cut Nyak Dhien was born into an Islamic aristocratic family in Aceh Besar. Her father, Teuku Nanta Setia, was a
member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocratic
family. She was educated in religion and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, and many men
proposed to marry her. Finally, she married Teuku Cik Ibrahim Lamnga, the son of an aristocratic family, when she
was twelve.

On 26 March 1873, the Dutch declared war on Aceh. In November 1873, during the Second Aceh Expedition, the
Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by the Sultan’s Palace in 1874.  

In 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien and her baby, along with other mothers, were evacuated to a safer location while her
husband Ibrahim Lamnga fought to reclaim VI mukim. Lamnga died in action on June 29, 1878. Hearing this, Cut
Nyak Dhien was enraged and swore to destroy the Dutch.

Some time later, Teuku Umar proposed to marry her. Learning that Teuku Umar would allow her to fight, she
accepted his proposal. They were married in 1880. This greatly boosted the morale of Aceh armies in their fight
against Dutch. Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dhien had a daughter, Cut Gambang.

The war continued, and the Acehnese declared Holy War against the Dutch, and were engaged in guerrilla warfare.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to the Dutch forces on September 30, 1893 along with 250 of his men. The
Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him as a commander, giving him the title of Teuku Umar Johan
Pahlawan. However, Teuku Umar secretly planned to betray the Dutch. Two years later Teuku Umar set out to
assault Aceh, but he instead deserted with his troops taking with them heavy equipment, weapons, and ammunition,
using these supplies to help the Acehnese. This is recorded in Dutch history as “Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar”
(the treason of Teuku Umar).

The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz sent a spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during a battle when
the Dutch launched a surprise attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried over his death, Cut Nyak Dhien
slapped her and then she hugged her and said: “As Acehnese women, we may not shed tears for those who have
been martyred.”she died on 6 November 1908
Name: Debby Febryanti

Class: X. Mipa 1

MUHAMMAD YAMIN

The works written in Malay first in the journal Jong Sumatra, a Dutch-language journal, in 1920. His works are still
tied to the early forms of Classical Malay language.

In 1922, Yamin appeared for the first time as a poet with his poem, country; meaning "homeland" it is Sumatra.
Homeland is a collection of modern poetry Malay first ever published. Sitti Nurbaya, the first modern novel in
Malay also appeared in the same year, but was written by Marah Rusli also a Minangkabau. The works of Rush's
popularity experienced a period of ten years.

The set of the second Yamin, spill my blood, appears in the October 28, 1928. This work is very important in terms
of history because at that time, Yamin and several nationalities fighters decided to honor one country, one nation,
and one single Indonesian language. Drama, Ken Arok and Ken Dedes are based on the history of Java appears also
in the same year. Between the end of the decade of the 1920s that in 1933, Roestam Effendi, Sanusi Pane, and Sutan
Alisjahbana are pioneers main Malay-Indonesian and literary.

Although Yamin did a lot of experimentation language in his poems, he still keeps the classic norms of Malay,
compared with the generations of younger writers. He has also published numerous plays, essays, historical novels
and poetry to another, and also translated the works of William Shakespeare (play Julius Caesar) and Rabindranath
Tagore.[Edit] Politics

In 1932, Yamin gained diplomas in the field of law in Jakarta. He then worked in the field of law in Jakarta so 1942.
His political career began and he was active in nationalist movements. In 1928, Congress set the Indonesian Youth
II, which is derived from the Malay language, as the language of the Indonesian nationalist movement. Through
pertubuhan Indonesia Muda, urged Indonesian Yamin used principle for a national language. By then, the
Indonesian language is the official language as well as the main means of innovative literature.

During the Japanese occupation between 1942 and 1945, Yamin duty at the People Power Center (PUTERA), a
nationalist organization that is supported by the Japanese government. In 1945, he reserves that a Business
Investigation Agency Preparation of Independence (BPUPK) diasaskan as well as the new state covering Sarawak,
Sabah, Peninsular Malaya, Portuguese Timor, as well as everyone in the Dutch Indies. Sukarno who is also a
member of the supporting BPUPK Yamin. Sukarno became the first president of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945,
and Yamin was sworn to important positions in his administration.

Yamin died and was interred in Talawi Jakarta, a city district located 20 kilometers from the capital Sawahlunto
regency, West Sumatra.