10 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOL S DIVISION OFFICE
MARIK INA CITY

ENGLISH
Second Quarter- Module 4
Claims of Fact, Policy, and Value

Writer: Myriam R. dela Cruz

Illustrator: Marexcza Z. Salinas
Layout Artist: Arneil A. Pagatpatan
Marvin M. Tamayo

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Good day learners of the English language! In this lesson, you are going to learn
how to:

Formulate claims of facts, policy and value. (EN10WC-llb-13.2)

Moreover, in this lesson, you will learn concepts and do practice activities that will
help you to:

1. define claims of facts, policy, and value;

2. distinguish statements as claims of facts, policy, or value; and,
3. write meaningful claims of fact, policy, and value following the correct
pattern/format.

Answer the following questions below. Select your answers from the options
provided after each item.
1. Claim in persuasive or argumentative writing means _____________.
A. a demand for something believed to be true
B. a right to something
C. an opinion or assertion to be proven or explained
D. a requirement to comply with

For questions 2-4, choose your answers from these three statements inside the box. Copy
the sentence on the space provided.

A. Living a healthy life is better than living a wealthy one.

B. A healthy life can be achieved through proper diet, exercise, sleep, and regular
consultations with a doctor.
C. The government should control the purchase of alcoholic drinks to prevent
alcoholism.

2. Which is a claim of fact?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Which of the four statements is an example of a claim of policy?

_____________________________________________________________________

4. Which of the statements is an example of claim of value?

_____________________________________________________________________

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For 5-7, formulate a claim of FACT, POLICY AND VALUE about the topic: Online Game
Addiction.
5. claim of fact
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
6. claim of policy
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
7. claim of value
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson
Claims of Fact, Policy, and Value
1

In your previous lesson, you have studied about statements of assertions and
opinions. Let’s recall what you have learned by completing the statements about opinions
and assertions inside the Venn Diagram.

In today’s lesson, you will learn how to formulate claims of fact, policy and value.
You will also learn about specific kinds of claims. A claim is like an opinion/assertion.
This skill will be useful when you write an argumentative essay. Do you still remember the
part called writer’s opinion?
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 Let us start the lesson by looking at the illustration below. What is being shown in
the illustration? After looking at the picture, read the statements given by a student, a
parent and a teacher connected to the illustration.

MODERN TECHNOLOGY GALORE!

Student: Modern technology like computers, smartphones and all other gadgets make our
life easier.
Parent: Too much dependence on technology is bad for the mental, physical and social
aspects of teenagers.
Teacher: Parents should set rules that will moderate their children’s use of technology.

Let’s think about the statements above by answering these questions:

1. What examples of modern technology are shown in the illustration? What

additional examples can you give?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Do the student, the teacher, and the parent share the same claims about modern
technology? Explain why.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. Which of the claims do you agree with? Why?

________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. Does each statement follow a language pattern specific to the type of claim? What
pattern can you observe?
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

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 The sentences you have read in What’s New are examples of claims. A claim is a
statement which is arguable or debatable. It is not a fact which is 100% true. In order to
prove whether claims are true or not, we can give facts, results of researches, and personal
experiences.

There are three types of claim: fact, policy and value.

➢ The claim stated by the student “Modern technology like computers and gadgets
make our life easier” is an example of claim of fact. It is a statement about how
things were in the past, how they are at present, or how they will be in the future.

Below are additional examples of claims of fact.

Past: In the past, people did many wonderful things with simple technology.
Present: Modern technology makes students’ lives easy.
Future: By 2025, all Filipinos will be paying for the goods and services using digital
money.
Study the three examples of claim of fact above. Why do you think each claim
used specific verb tense to assert an assertion?
Answer: __________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

➢ The teacher’s claim that “Parents should set rules that will control their children’s
use of technology” is an example of a claim of policy. A claim of policy argues that
something should or should not be done in order to solve a problem. Claims of
policy use words like should or ought to express the necessity for action.

The words should and ought to are examples of _______________________.

➢ The claim stated by the parent “Too much dependence on technology is bad for the
mental, physical and social aspects of teenagers” is an example of a claim of value.
This type of claim uses “value words” like good or bad, excellent or poor, better or
less and many others to emphasize the value of something or to emphasize which
is better between two objects/ideas.

Another example of a claim of value is this: Spending time in reading books is better
than spending it on online gaming.
What value word or adjective is used in the above example? ______________

It is important to know how to formulate different types of claims because claims serve
as the starting point in writing argumentative essay. Argumentative essays begin with
writing a good claim, which you will later explain in the body of the essay.

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 Be ready to answer the activities that follow. They will give you practice for you to
prepare yourselves in formulating claims of fact, policy and value.
Activity 1. FEED ‘EM RIGHT
Directions: The fishes in the bowl represent the three kinds of claim-FACT, POLICY and
VALUE. The sentences below represent the food for the fishes. They are
examples of claims. Your goal is to feed each fish with the right claim by
writing each sentence under the appropriate column. Go and make the
fishes happy!

Ma’am
Please draw three fishbowls with fishes inside like the inserted
picture as replacement to the inserted pictures.

Claims of Fact Claims of Policy Claims of Value

1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3.

CLAIMS
1. Too much use of social media exposes the youth to violence and vulgarity.
2. Parents should be aware of the positive and negative impacts of social media to their
children.
3. Excessive online gaming is bad for a student’s education.
4. Social media is a better source of information than the radio or television.
5. Nowadays, more people get information from different social media platforms.
6. People ought to know how to distinguish reliable news from fake news.
7. There are different social media platforms where a person can get reliable information.
8. It is better not to write personal information in social media for it can be shared to
others and be used in bad ways
9. Bashing in social media should be banned and bashers should be penalized.
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Activity 2. LET’S GET READY TO JUMBLE!
Directions: The jumbled words below form sentences. Rearrange these words to formulate
statements of claims. Then, identify whether the statement formed is claim
of fact, claim of policy or claim of value. Observe proper capitalization in
your answers.
1. driving/texting/accident/causes/vehicular/ is/of/the/of/while/one
Re-arranged claim: ________________________________________________
Kind of claim: _____________________________________________________

2. way/the/bullies/is/best/ignoring/the/to/bullying/stop/make
Re-arranged claim: ________________________________________________
Kind of claim: _____________________________________________________

3. school/zero-tolerance/should/on/bullying/have
Re-arranged claim: ________________________________________________
Kind of claim: _____________________________________________________

4. gone/should/queueing/system/be/pandemic/if/even/still/
observed/the/is
Re-arranged claim: ________________________________________________
Kind of claim: _____________________________________________________

5. recycling/one/to/Earth/save/Mother/is/solution
Re-arranged claim: ________________________________________________
Kind of claim: _____________________________________________________

Activity 3. DO IT YOURSELF
Directions: The questions below will help you formulate a statement of claim. Respond to
each question with the specified kind of claim in the parenthesis.
1. What should the local government do to strengthen the Marikina shoe industry?
(Answer with a claim of policy)
Answer: _____________________________________________________________________

2. What is Marikina City known for? (Answer with a claim of fact)

Answer:
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What makes Marikina shoes better than imported shoes?

(Answer with a claim of value)
Answer: _____________________________________________________________________

4. Can you consider Marikina as one of the best cities in the Philippines? (Answer
with a claim of value)
Answer:
______________________________________________________________________

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 In this lesson, we focused on formulating claims of fact, policy and value. Express
what you have learned by answering these three questions.
1. What is a claim?
2. How is a claim of fact different from a claim of value?
3. What is a claim of policy? What signal words tell you a statement is a claim of
policy?

Apply what you have learned in formulating claims of fact, policy, and value by
doing this activity. Use the criteria on the next page as your guide in your outputs.

Teenagers like you encounter issues or topics you can relate to. Certainly, you have
claims about them. Below is list of issues. Pick out any topic that you feel confident about
and formulate a claim of fact, policy, and value. Write your statements in the placard
provided. Refer to the criteria on the next page as your guide in formulating your claim.

In answering this activity, you can choose one topic only for the three claims or one
topic per claim.

Ear Piercing Friendship Cyberbullying

Cellphone Ban Body Tattooing Haircut in School
Junk Foods Cutting Classes Punishment
Gay Lingo LGBTQ Face Apps

Claim of Fact Claim of Policy

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 Claim of Value

Criteria Score
1. Claims written are about/connected to the topic selected. 10 pts

2. Claims written are meaningful, logical, and clearly stated. 10 pts

3. Claims are free from errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, 10 pts
and capitalization.
4. Output is clean and visually appealing. 10 pts

For 1 and 2, answer the questions below. Select your answer from the options by
writing the letter of your choice.
1. What type of claim is this statement “Global warming is the most pressing problem
the world is facing today”?
A. Fact B. Policy C. Value D. Assertion

2. Which of the following statements is not considered a claim?

A. People who are left-handed are emotionally strong.
B. Are left-handed people emotionally strong?
C. Left-handed people can be better than right-handed people emotionally.
D. School should set rules to counter discrimination on students.

3. What word/phrase in this statement tells you that it is a claim of policy? Curfew
should be imposed even if the pandemic is over because it will prevent minors from
loitering outside and sleeping late at night.

Answer _____________________________________________________________

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For items 4-6, formulate a claim of fact, value, and policy on the topic Online Mode of
Teaching During the Pandemic

4. Claim of fact
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Claim of value
___________________________________________________________________________

6. Claim of policy
___________________________________________________________________________

Ask you friends and family members to make a claim of fact, value, or belief about
this controversial issue: Woman’s choice of dress is a factor why they experience sexual
assaults (i.e. catcalling, rape).
1. List them down and identify if it is a claim of fact, policy, or value.
2. Find out what type of claim is the highest in number.
3. Write a short summary of what you discovered from this activity. Begin with the
phrase “I have learned…”

POST ASSESSMENT
ENGLISH 10
QUARTER 2-MODULE 4-Claims of Fact, Policy, Value

GENERAL DIRECTIONS: Read the following items carefully. For items 1-8, encircle
the letter of your choice for each item; for items 9-20, write your responses in
complete sentences.

1. When a writer states an arguable statement meant to be proved, he is_______ about an

issue.
A. citing evidences C. giving a fact
B. making a claim D. expressing disagreement

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a CLAIM?

A. Must be an arguable statement
B. Defines a writer’s goal, direction and scope
C. Focused in a central point that needs to be proven
D. Stated in a question form

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3. It is a type of claim that is based on facts that are objectively verifiable by means of
statistics or testimonies.
A. FACT B. POLICY C. VALUE

4. It is a type of claim that attempts to prove that some things are more or less
desirable than others.
A. FACT B. POLICY C. VALUE

5. It is a type of claim that asserts that specific plans or actions are solutions to a
problem.
A. FACT B. POLICY C. VALUE

For items 6-10, read the excerpts from different essays to answer the following
questions.
Medical research involving animals has dramatically improved the health of
human race. Without animal testing, the cure for polio would not exist and diabetics
would suffer or die from their sickness. Despite their benefits, some people believe that
animals should not be used for medical techniques and drugs.
6. What is the topic of the excerpt?
A. human race B. research C. animal testing
7. What is the claim of the writer?
A. Medical research involving animals has dramatically improved the health of
human race.
B. Without animal testing, the cure for polio would not exist and diabetics would
suffer or die from their sickness.
C. Despite their benefits, some people believe that animals should not be used for
medical techniques and drugs.
8. What type of claim is it?
A. FACT B. POLICY C. VALUE

Perhaps almost everyone has dreamt of having a twin during their childhood days.
It seemed to be beneficial to have an identical copy of oneself that would think and act
similarly. For children having a twin means to have a reliable friend throughout their
whole lives, a mate for sharing humorous jokes and playing games, or an invaluable
assistant who would always come to help in the time of need. However, having a twin
doesn’t lose its advantages even in the adult age. Twins share many interests, they often
form bonds that due to their unique nature, are not possible in any other relationship and
it lasts forever. Therefore, having a twin is better than being born alone.

9. What is the topic of the excerpt? ______________________________________________

10. What is the claim of the writer? ______________________________________________
11. What type of claim is it? ______________________________________________

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 People addicted to the internet may experience “changes in the brain similar
to alcoholics and cocaine addicts”, The Daily Telegraph has reported. The claim is
based on a study that compared the brain structure of teenagers with internet
addiction disorder (IAD) with non-addicted peers. Although not universally
recognized as a medical condition, IAD is considered to involve an inability to
control internet use that causes social or behavioral problems or interferes with a
person’s ability to function at school or work. The current study examined whether
or not people with IAD exhibited differences in brain structure and volume
compared with those without an internet addiction. Researchers found that those
with IAD had significantly reduced density in several regions of the brain, and that
this corresponded with poorer performance in tests of emotional disorders and
addiction.

12. What is the topic of the excerpt?

___________________________________________________
13. What is the claim of the writer?
____________________________________________________
14. What type of claim is it? __________________________________________________

For items 15-17, rearrange the words in the jumbled sentences to formulate statements
of claims. Observe proper capitalization and punctuation.
15. observing social distancing/ effective health protocol/are/ wearing mask/and
_____________________________________________________________________
16. COVID-19 pandemic/ should be/ in fighting/the/ mass testing/first step
_____________________________________________________________________

17. better/ modular learning/ is/than/ online learning

_____________________________________________________________________

For items 18-20, read the given situation below and write the sentences required in each
of the spaces provided.

Situation: Mila is convincing her parents to allow her to bring her cp in school. The school
allows the bringing of CP with the strict policy that students will not use it during class
hours. CP is intended for easier communication during emergency situations. Mila needs
to make a logical argument to his parents by stating three types of claims to assert her
stand about cellphone.

(18-20) Formulate a claim of fact, value and policy

18. Claim of Fact:________ ________________________________________

19. Claim of Value: _______________________________________________

20. Claim of Policy: _______________________________________________

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 References
1. Information about types of claims taken from:
a. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wq2_khqig-A
b. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-esc-wm-
englishcomposition1/chapter/drafting-a-logical-argument/
c. https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/claims-of-fact-value-and-
policy

Answer Key

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 DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
City of Good Character
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What I Can Do
Answer varies depending on their choice of topic for as long as they meet the
rubrics’ standard and the correct formulation of claims
Assessment
1. A
2. B
3. Should be imposed
4. Fact- The effectivity of online mode of learning depends upon the quality
of internet connection.
5. Value- Online mode of learning is more effective than modular learning.
6. Policy- There should be a set of rules or netiquettes to be observed during
online learning.
Additional Activities
For as long as they can formulate claims of facts, policy and value
correctly. Refer to the rubrics in What I Can DO when checking the claims.
 Development Team of the Module
Writer: Myriam R. dela Cruz (MHS)
Editor: Cyril P. Santos (SEHS)
Internal Reviewer: Janet S. Cajuguiran (EPS-English)
External Reviewer: Adelyne M. Costelo-Abrea (PNU Professor)

Illustrator: Marexcza Z. Salinas (PHS)

Layout Artist: Arneil A. Pagatpatan (NHS)
Marvin M. Tamayo (SNNHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Janet S. Cajuguiran
EPS-English

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

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