Mauricio Gonzáles Molfino, Ms.Sc.

Teriogenología
Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria
Universidad Ricardo Palma
 Endocrine glands
Don´t have ducts. Exocrine glands
Secrete hormones Have ducts
Secrete extremally into ducts.

Hormones
(chemical agents)

Chemical agents which are carried by the

blood to cells within a target organ or other
target cells where they regulate a specific
physiological activity.
 “Compuestos químicos secretados en mínimas
concentraciones al torrente sanguíneo por
glándulas de secreción interna, y que actúan en
células distantes al lugar de origen, donde se
unen a receptores específicos, y producen una
respuesta biológica”
¿Mencione algunas característica de cada una de ellas?
(Niswender et al. 1974. Reproduction in Farm Animals. (3rd ed.) ed. Hafez. Lea and Febiger.)
 Clasificación Bioquímica
Característica Péptidos Esteroides
Solubilidad Hidrosolubles Liposolubles

Variabilidad Invariable Variable

(Péptidos) (Esteroides, T3, T4)
Secreción Pulsátil Si (hormonas No
reguladoras)
Síntesis de pro- Si; peptidos No
hormonas
Proteínas No Globulinas específicas
transportadoras (hígado)
Molecular size of peptide and protein hormones that regulate reproduction

HORMONE MOLECULAR WEIGHT

Follicle-stimulanting (FSH) 30,000 -37,000
Lutinizing hormone (LH) 26,0000 -32,000
Prolactin 23,000 – 25,000
Inhibin 32,000
Oxytocin 1,007
Gonadotropin-releasing 1,200
(GnRH)
Human Chorionic 37,700
gonzadotropin (hCG)
Pregmant mare serum 28,000
gonadotropin (PMSG)
Relaxin 6,500
(Redrawn from Foley et al. 1972. Dairy Cattle: Principles. Practices, Rroblems, Profits. Lea and Febiger.)
 Chemical
Hormone Class Principal Functions

Gonadotropin hormone Peptide (1) FSH and LH

(GnRH)

Prolactin-Inhibiting factor (1)Prolactin retention

(PIF)
Prolactin-releasing factor (1) Prolactin release
(PRF)
Corticotropin-releasing (1) ACTH release
hormone (CRH)
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)Folicle growth
Follicle-stimulating
Protein (2)Estrogen release
Hormone (FSH)
(3)Spermatogenesis
(1)Ovulation
Luteinizing hormone (2)Corpus Luteum
(LH) formation and function
(3)Testoterone release

(1)Milk synthesis
Prolactin
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)Parturition
Oxytocin Peptide (2)Milk ejection
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)Mating Behavior
(2)Secondary sex
Estrogens characteristics
Steroid
(estradiol) (3)Maintenance of female
duct system
(4)Mammary growth
(1)Maintenancy of
Progestins pregnancy
(progesterone) (2)Mammary growth
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class

(1)Expansion of pelvis
Relaxin Polypeptide
(2)Dilatation of cervix

(1)Prevention of release of
Inhibin Protein
FSH
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)Male mating behavior
(2)Spermatogenesis
Androgens (3)Maintenance of male
Steroid
(testosterone) duct system
(4)Function of accessory
glands.
(1)Prevention of release of
Inhibin Protein
FSH
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)LH -like
Human chorionic
Protein
gonadotropin (hCG)

(1)FSH-like
Pregmant mare serum
Protein (2)Supplementary corpora
gonadotropin (PMSG)
lutea in mare
 Chemical
Hormone Principal Functions
Class
(1)Regression of corpus
Prostaglandin F2α Lipid luteum
(2)Partiurition
¿Qué ocurre con la glándula pineal?
 Lectura Complementaria:
DISCUSSION

Role of Melatonin
Photoperiodic factors
Role of pituitary gonadotropins and ovarian steroids
Endogenous opoid peptides
Serotonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline and other Neurotransmiters