Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lesson Planning
Lesson Planning
Planning lesson is fundamental in ensuring the delivery of quality teaching and learning
schools.
It is the Hallmark of effective teaching
A Three-step process in planning for instruction (Wiggins and McTighe, 19998)
We need to ask what it is that we want students to know and be able to do as a result of
the learning.
We must examine how we will know that our students are learning and that they can
perform tasks as a result of the learning.
We must identify which instructional practices will assure us that students learn and
that students learn and that they can use the information provided.
STARTING IT RIGHT
“Stating the objectives up front, telling students and parents how students will be assessed on
those objectives, and then teaching those objectives, we become more accountable for student
learning.
Our objectives, assessment instruments and teaching strategies become a system leading to a
quality learning. (Tileston, 2004)”
IMPORTANCE OF LESSON PLANNING
Content of instruction
Selecting teaching materials
Designing the learning activities and grouping methods
Deciding on the pacing and allocation of instructional time
IMPORTANCE OF LESSON PLANNING
Gives opportunities for teachers to reflect on different strategies that work inside the
classroom including researched-based strategies
Ensures that teachers truly facilitate learning and respond to learner’s needs inside the
classroom
Helps teachers master learning area content and helps them teach that students need
to learn
AIRASIAN (1994)
Planning is a vital step in the instructional process.
Involves identifying expectations for learners and choosing the materials and organizing
the sequential activities
Guarantees that teaching and learning is the central focus of classroom activity
STRONGE (2006)
Helps ensure that the time spent inside the classroom is maximized for instructions
Is responsive to learners needs and communicates expectations of achievement to
learners
LESSON PLANNING
Teachers can plan students learning for a year, a semester, a unit, or a lesson and secure
the coverage of the curriculum
Research shows that effective teachers organize and plan their instructions
Daily Lesson Preparation is part of the teacher’s core functions as a facilitator of learning
inside the classroom
DETAILED LESSON PLAN/LOG
Provides the teachers with an opportunity to reflect on:
A lesson is a unified set of activities that focuses on one teaching objective at a time
A teaching objective states what the learners will be able to do at the end of the lesson”
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Objectives
Content
Learning Resources
Procedures
Remarks
Reflection
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Daily Lesson Log (DLL) is a template teachers use to log parts of their daily lesson. The
DLL covers a week’s worth of lessons and contains the following paets:
Weekly Objectives
Topics
Materials
Procedures
Remarks
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS (Airasian, 1994)
Assessment of Learning > Planning > Delivery of Instruction
ELEMENTS INSTRICTIONAL PLANNING FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING (Stronge, 2007)
Identify clear lesson and learning objectives while carefully linkng activities to them
Create quality assignments, which is positively associated with quality instruction and
quality student work
Plan lessons that have clear goals, are logically structured, and progress through the
content step-by-step
Use advance organizers, graphic organizers, and the outlines to plan for effective
instructional delivery
Consider student attention spans and learning styles when designing lessons
Systematically develop objectives, questions, and activities that reflect higher-level and
lower-level cognitive skills as appropriate for the content and the student
Teachers can set a long term vision of what learners need to be able to master in terms
of content and competencies at the end of the school year
Lesson plans should have learner-centered objectives that are aligned with the
standards of the curriculum
HOW SHHOULD IT BE TAUGHT?
Materials and equipment should be identified and secured well before class time to ensure
that activities can be carried out as planned. These may include realia (real life materials like
bus schedules and children’s report cards), visual aids, teacher made handouts, textbooks, flip
chart and markers, overhead projector, tape recorder, etc.
Activities generally move from more controlled (e.g., repetition) to a less structured or free
format (e.g., interviewing each other) they should be varied in type (e.g., whole group, paired,
individual and modality (e.g., speaking, listening, writing).
STAGES OF A LESSON
Good lesson design begins with a preview of previously learned material. New material is then
introduced, followed by opportunities for learners to practice and be evaluated on what they
are learning.
In general, a lesson is composed of the following stages:
Direct Instruction
Indirect Instruction
Interactive Instruction
Experiential Instruction
Independent Study
ICT Integration
ICTs are basically information- handling tools that are used to produce,
store. Process, distribute and exchange information (UNDP 2010)
CONSIDER THESE…
A good lesson plan involves consideration on the following elements that need to be thought
about and planned for:
REMEMBER
“Meticulous planning will enable everything a man does to appear spontaneous.”
-Mark Caine