Description Unit  Courtyard, play ground, unclosed Balcony, cantilever porch Dummy Activity: It is an artificial activity represented by any

Dummy Activity: It is an artificial activity represented by any problems or adverse conditions developed during completetion
of the activity.
Earthwork, Stone/Brick Work, Wood Work/Sunshadem 3 is not included in plinth area. dashed arrows which neither consumes any time nor resources.
(b) Pessimistic Time Estimate (tp) - It is the maximum time
Surface/Shallow Excavation m2  Carpet Area: Useable area/Living area required for an activity if everything goes wrong & abnormal
Pointing, Soling, DPC, Plastering m2  C.A. = Total floor area – (circulation area + Non-useable area) conditions prevail. It does not include possible effects of major
Steel/Iron Work kg / Q u i n te l catastrophes like as earthquakes, flood, fire etc.
Dressing of stone/Half Brick wall/partition wall m2
 C.A. in residential area (50 – 65)% and in commercial area
(c) Most Likely Time Estimate (tm) - It lie in between pessimistic
Painting Work/Distemper/Colour Washing/Jali Workm 2 (60 – 75)%. & optimistic time estimate. It is time required to complete the
Wor k % of Estimate activity if normal conditions prevail.
Degree of Accuracy: Wood Work: 2mm, Weight – 1 kg, length
– 1 cm, Area – 0.01 m2, Volume – 0.01 m3 Departmental charges (centage charge) (10 – 15) Activity G is dummy activity. Dummies maintain the logic of x1  x 2  x 3 ...... x n x
 Purpose of Valuation
Contractor charge 10 network diagram & keeps the numbering system of the network  Mean time  x  : x  =
Labour Charge 25 n n
(a) Taxation– (10–14%) unique.
Electrification 8  Deviation ():   x  x
(b) Rent fixation – (6 –10% of total value) Electric fan 4 Slack: It is associated with an event. It is the difference between
Saniatory and Water Supply Charge 8 the latest allow able occurrence time & earliest expected
2
Outgoing: (a) Repairness – (10 – 15)% of total Income Contigences Charges (3 – 5) occurrence time of the event. It is the excess time by which 2   x  x 
Work Charge Establishment (1.5 – 2) occurence of an event can be delayed without affecting the project  Variance : 2  
(b) Management and collection Charge – (5 – 10)% of total Tools and Plants (1 – 1.5) n n
completion time.
Income. Security money is about 10% of total contract including Earnest Types of Slack - PERT CPM
Scrap Value: It is about 10% of total value. It is the value of Money.
Security money and Earnest Money are refundable after some (a) Positive slack ( S >0 ) - Ts > TE 1.Probabilistic approach 1. Deterministic approach
Dismental Material.
time Without Any Interest. (b) Zero slack ( S = 0 ) - Ts = TE 2.Three time estimate 2. Single time estimate
Salvage Value: It is value at the end of Utility period without
being this dismental.  Types of Contract: Lum sum, unit price, cost plus contract. (c) Negative slack ( S < 0 ) - Ts < TE 3.Event oriented 3. Activity oriented.
S.i.  Types of Trap: P, Q, S (Shape), Intercepting, Gully, Floor (Pur- 4.Cost is proportional to time 4. Cost model is developed
Sinking Fund: Annual Installment (I) =  I C .S pose) (
(1  i) n  1 ( 5.-distribution 5. Normal distribution
(a) Straight line Method: Assume depreciation by same  Chief Engineer is the Administrative Head of Department & 6.Concept of slack 6. Concept of float
Directly responsible to the govt. 7.Critical path by joining 7. Critical path by joining
CS
amount D =  Plastering Work:
n critical events critical activities.
(a) Volume is increased by 30% (if thickness 12 mm ) &
(b) Constant percentage Method: Also called Balancing ( Crashing: The process of reduction of the total project duration
20% (if thickness 20 mm) due to uneven surface. (
along the longest path (time wise) of the network (along the critical
Decline Method. It assume depreciation by same
(b) Above calculated vol. is increased by 25% for dry vol. path to obtain the optimum project cost & optimum duration.)
1/ n
S calculation. Updating : It is the process of reviewing the progress of project,
percentage. D = 1     Flooring Work: execution & redrafting the network according to latest
C
(a) Volume is increased by 10% due to uneven surface. requirements
General Overhead Cost Job Overhead Cost
(b) Above calculated vol. is increased by 50% for dry vol.
Telephone Bill Salary Delay calculation. Activity Name (EST, EFT) Cc  Cn
Travelling charges Establishment of a New Office
 Cement Concrete Work: In C.C. mixture, we divide 1.52 by  (i) t ij  x days (LST, LFT) ( j) Cost slope = t  t
n c
Printing, Post office Co mpen sati on
sum of ratio of material and multiply it with respective
 Float is associated with An activity. Total cost
quantity ratio which will give you respective quantity. 1. Total Float: It is the difference between maximum time
Description Q u a n ti ty  Brick Work: available & actual time required for the completion of the
Work in foundation with Mud Mortar 1.5 m3 (a) Volume is increased by 15% due to frog filling, bonding/ activity. Direct cost
Work in foundation with Lime/Cement Mortar 1.25 m2 jointing, wastage etc. 2. Free Float: It is the amount of time by which an activity
(b) Above calculated vol. is increased by 25% for dry vol. can be delayed without affecting the EST of the succeeding ost

Cost
Work in Superstructure with Lime/Cement Mortar1 m3
activity ire ct c
Work in Superstructure mud Mortar 1.25 m3 calculation. Ind t
Event: It is an instant of time at which some specific milestone 3. Independent Float: It is the excess of minimum available e cos
Distemper (1 coat) 35 m2 t a g
has been achieved. It denotes the start or completion of an activity, time over the required activity duration. Ou
White Washing/Colour Washing (3 Coat) 70 m2
& it is represented by nodes of different shapes like rectangular, 4. Interfering Float: It is the difference of total float & free Overheads
White Washing/Colour Washing (1 Coat) 200 m2 circular, square or oval. An event does not consumes any time or float of an activity. It is also equal to the slack of head event of
RCC Work 3m 3 resource. an activity. Crash Optimum Normal
Half Brick wall/Partition Wall 5 m2 Types of float - time time time
Lime concrete in Roof 6 m3 (a) Negative total float (FT < 0 ) - If maximum available time for an
Lime Concrete in foundation/Floring 8.5 m3 activity is less than the activity time, then total float will be a Resource Smoothing: ·In this, the total project duration is not
negative value. Such activities are called super-critical changed but the activities having float are rescheduled in such a
12 mm Plastering with cement/Lime Mortar 8 m2
activities.They need extra deployment of resources. way that a uniform demand for the resources is achieved. In it, the
Degree of Accuracy (descreasing order)
(b) Total float zero (FT = 0 ) - If maximum available time for an resources are considered to be limited & the critical path of the
Detailed > Cube rate > Plinth area > Rough estimate
activity is equal to the activity time, then total float will be project remains unchanged.
Area
zero. Such activities are called critical activities.In them, no
Floor area freedom of delay is allowed. Resource Levelling: In it, the activities are so rescheduled in such
Plinth area
(c) Positive total float (FT > 0 ) - If maximum available time for an a way that maximum or peak demand of the resource does not
Circulation area Carpet area activity is more than the activity time, then total float will be exceed the availability of resources. In it, the resource are
a positive value. Such activities are called sub-critical unlimited & the critical path may get changed (so project
Vertical circulation area activities.They demand normal attention but allowing them duration may also get changed). Uniform demand of resources
Horizontal circulation area CIVIL ENGINEERING some freedom of action. is achieved.
(Staircase, Lift) (Varandaha, Passes) PERT absorbs uncertainties into the time estimates for activity
4-5% of P.A. 10-15% of P.A. ROCKET CHART & project duration. Following are 3 time estimate - CIVIL BOOSTER - Dnt trust us, Just Check it’s content &
FOR QUICK REVISION Then Go for it - ( LEAVE THE REST, GET THE BEST ) . Available
 F.A. = Plinth area – area occupied by walls/Intermediate sup- BY
(a) Optimistic Time Estimate (to) - It is the minimum time
ports required for an activity if everything occurs perfectly right without on amazon flipkart. Zero Error book with BEST Content
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