GRAMMAR IN USE (COURSE N°I) (REFRESHMENT 1)- CRM-M1 ( A-1)

I. Conjugation (Verb Tenses: a Review)

a) Present tense of be : ( be and have are called auxiliaries)

Infinitive form of be is : “ to be”,

Examples: (sentences with the verb to be)
- I am from Rio (Brazil) , (affirmative sentence with the verb “to be”).
- Are you from Rio ?, (Interrogative sentence with the verb “to be”).
- Possible Answers: Yes, I am (affirmative), or, No I am not (Negative)
which can also be: No, I’m not (from Rio).

- Are they from Rio ? Yes they are, or: No, they aren’t./ No they are
not.

- Are you from Rio ? Yes we are, or: No we are not/ No we aren’t.

- Is He/She/it from Rio ? Yes He/She/it is or: No, He/She/it is not.//isn’t

b) Simple Present ( :
Examples:
- I work near here. ( Affirmative sentence using the simple present of the
verb: “to work”).
- Do you work near here? ( Is the corresponding interrogative sentence to
the previous one using the simple present of the verb:”to work” and
adding “the simple present of the verb “to do” to ask the question.
- Important note: “It is worth noting here that the verb to do is used in the
interrogative sentence in accordance with the subject. Consequently with
other pronouns we have:
- Does he/she, … ; Do I, … ; Do we, …; Do they, …
- Other examples:
- I work in a hospital ( Q: Where do I work ?).
- We own a grocery store ( Q: What do we own ?).
- They teach at Brooklyn College ( Brooklyn is one of the five real estate of
the city of New York). ( Q: Where do they teach ?)
- He works in a hospital ( Q: Where does he work ?) (Q: Does he work in
a hospital ? A: Yes, he does.)
We can apply all of these rules to any regular or irregular verb.
Look at the list of the different irregular verbs that I sent out to your inbox and
take three verbs and write sentences just like the above sentences.
She tells lies all the time.
You practice sports on a regular basis
I think of buying a chain as a gift to my mother
c) Present Continuous:
Examples:
- I am watching TV ( Affirmative sentence with the verb “to watch” in
present continuous)
- Important Notes: The verb tense “Present Continuous tense is often used
when we want to express that the action is made progressively in the
present tense. (It is always called a progressive present tense).
- The verb in present continuous is always a composed verb whose first
part is always the present tense of the verb “to be “ and the second part
is the second verb which expresses the progressive action made by the
subject in its gerund form (by adding “ing” to the termination of the verb.
- Examples:
- We are visiting the center of Tokyo (Affirmative), (Q: What are we
doing ?)
- He/She is playing Soccer on the stadium yard (A.) (Q: Is He/She playing
Soccer on the stadium yard ?).
- I am participating in this meeting today (A.) (Q: Am I participating in the
meeting today ?
- Exercise 2:
- Try to take five verbs from the list of irregular verbs and try to
formulate two sentences (Affirmative and interrogative) using these
verbs in their present continuous forms.
- ___________________________________________________________

1. I am buying an new apartment

Am I buying a new apartment?
2. You are making a big deal out of it
Are you making a big deal out of it?
3. He is coming to collect his books
Is he coming to collect his books?
4. I am meeting my friend’s parents for the first time
Am I meeting my friend’s parents for the first time?
5. They are hiding from the police
Are they hiding from the police