Bantayan Southerm institute

Binaobao, Bantayan,Cebu.

Name: Steben C. Arabis

Subject: SPEC 1 Intro to linguistics
Semester: 1st Sem.S.Y. 2021-2022
Instructor: Mrs. Merulina Nervida

Define, compare, and contrast the Components of Grammar.

Components of Grammar
• Phonetics and Phonology
• Morphology
• Syntax
• Pragmatics
• Semantics

Phoenetics
The system (alphabet and letter shapes) that we use to spell words and construct sentences. Phonetics is
more concerned with how speech sounds are articulated from a physiological perspective.

Phonology
A branch of linguistics that has to do with the systematic organization, including the patterns and rules
for producing sounds in a language. The particular sound patterns of the language, which are largely
based on phonetic principles.

Morphology
The structure of words in terms of inflectional classes, word formation processes, and specific
morphemes for different purposes.

Syntax
 Syntax is the study of the principles and rules for constructing phrases and sentences, starting from a
set of words. A system that governs how words are put together in phrases or sentences so they have
meaning.

Pragmatics
A system of rules that governs how language is used in context, taking into consideration the intentions
of the speaker, listener, and/or writer/reader. Also referred to as the study of language use.

Semantics
Semantics is a system or set of principles that describes how language is used in terms of meaning. It is
generally agreed upon that semantics refers to meaning conveyed through language; however, some
scholars would also include nonverbal communication (i.e., body language).