MEETING II

-HR. MAULIDIA-
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI NASIONAL
2020
 AIM OF THE LESSON
- Types Of Nouns in English
- The Pronouns
 Common
Noun
Abstract
Noun
KINDS OF
NOUNS

Proper
Collective
Nouns
Noun
Collective nouns are names for a collection or a number of
people or things. For example: crowd, group, swarm, team.
 The Function of Nouns

The complement The Object

The Subject The Object
of verbs be, of Posessive
of Verb of Verb
become, seem. Preposition

Tom is a I spoke to Tom’s

Tom arrived I Saw Tom
designer Tom design
 SINGULAR, PLURAL, COUNTABLE, UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

- Singular noun: A noun which has only one in number and an uncountable
noun.
- Plural noun: A noun which has more than one in number.

a. by adding S : day – days, dog – dogs, house – houses

b. nouns ending in O, CH, SH, SS or X form their plural by adding ES:
tomato – tomatoes, church – churches, brush – brushes, kiss – kisses, box
– boxes
c. But, words of foreign origin or abbreviated words ending in O add S
only: dynamo – dynamos, kilo – kilos, kimono – kimonos, photo – photos,
piano – pianos, soprano – sopranos
d. Nouns ending in Y following a CONSONANT form their plural by
dropping the Y and adding IES: baby – babies, country – countries, fly –
flies, lady – ladies.
e. Nouns ending in Y following a VOWEL form their plural by adding S: boy
– boys, day – days, donkey – donkeys, guy – guys.
f. Nouns ending in F or FE drop the F or FE and add VES. These
nouns are : loaf – loaves, wife – wives, wolf – wolves etc.
g. The nouns hoof, scarf and wharf take either S or VES in the
plural: hoofs or hooves, scarfs or scarves, wharfs or wharves.
h. Other words ending in F and FE add S in the ordinary way:
cliff – cliffs, handkerchief – handkerchiefs, safe – safes
i. A few nouns form their plural by a vowel change: foot – feet,
goose – geese, louse – lice, man – men, mouse – mice, tooth –
teeth, and woman – women.
j. The plural of child and ox are children and oxen.
 PRONOUN
Pronouns can be
used in place of
nouns. It operates
just like a noun in
a sentence.

He swore to her. He would never

deceive her again even though
she was the one who had first My sister is very friendly. Everyone
lied to him about it after he told likes my sister.
her what the other man told him
she said.
Personal pronouns are divided into three groups:
-First person (the person speaking).
-Second person (the person spoken to).
- Third person (the person, animal or thing spoken about), in singular and
plural forms.
 A Subject
Pronoun is used
as the subject of
the sentence.

Subject Pronoun

Example:

-Helmi and Azaria are classmate. They

set their goals on the right course and
never looked back.
- I said to myself I would never get
behind on my studies. (I)
- It duplicated itself after a massive
exposure to radiation and chemicals.
 Object Pronoun
The object of a sentence is
the person, animal or thing
that receives the action
shown by the verb.

-They passed the ball to Arvi

=They passed the ball to him.

-Ridwan loaned the car to Abi

and me.
=Ridwan loaned the car to us.
Possesive Adjective

to show ownership. It comes

before a noun in the sentence
and lets us know to whom the
noun belongs. ...
Reflexive Pronoun
Reflexive pronouns are
used only to reflect or
refer back to the main
noun of a sentence or the
subject—who or what the
sentence is about.

-The cat brought the

kittens by itself.
-She asked herself
why she was easy to
be panic.
-We should give time
ourselves to take a
rest.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION