Sanaa university

Faculty of engineering
Electrical engineering department

EPS

Level 4

Project

"Power System
Design Project "

2018\173 Saad Qais

2018\012 Ahmed Amer

Produced to

Dr.Eng.Morshed Hadwan
2017\202 Abdulhadi mohammed

2018\247 Rabea abdullah

NO.
POWER SYSTEM DESIGN PROJECT
1
Introduction
2
Abstract

3
Procedures Of Design

4
Electrical grid Power System Components

5
Recommendations

6
References
  Introduction
Yemen, with a population of 30 million, is one of the countries with the lowest rates of electricity supply in the
Middle East and North Africa, as it has suffered from economic instability. long-term, which constituted an obstacle
to social and economic development in it; In Yemen, access to the minimum level of basic services remains one of
the daily challenges facing the vast majority of Yemenis. The inability to Vital service utilities and households on
access to electricity are deteriorating in quality of delivery. (2)

Public services such as water supply, health care, education and the general welfare of Yemenis. Before the
outbreak of the war, less than half of the population in Yemen on public electricity; In 2014, the rural population
was about two-thirds of the total The population, but only 23% of them received electricity, compared to the
percentage of The urban population who used to have access to electricity by 85% . The maximum annual average
per capita electrical energy consumption in Yemen has never exceeded 255 KWh, which is much lower than the
annual average in the Middle East and North Africa region of 2900 KWh while at the world level it is 3100KWh (3).
to electricity and its reliability Below the required level, mainly due to lack of fuel supply and sabotage The recurring
frequency of the power transmission towers that connect the Ma'rib power station - the largest power station in
Yemen - in Sana'a and the National Network. Although the installed electrical capacity of the Public Electricity
Corporation was about 1.5GW, the available electrical capacity in 2012 and 2013 was only 1GW Almost, the number
of subscribers to whom this electrical capacity was provided hardly reached 2 million. joint only, and due to the
deficit in electricity generation, electric power is purchased from producers Electricity is from the private sector by
the Public Electricity Corporation. According to the statistics, the supply gap continued and the demand of about
376MW in 2012 is expanding due to population growth and the limited generating capacity, a capacity that has
been hampered and decreased more recently, more because of the destructive effects of war, both material and
immaterial, which led to the collapse that The National Electricity Network is witnessing it at the present time. (1)

 Abstract
Starting from the current situation of electrical energy, as we are electrical engineers and application for (Power
System Engineering course) We conducted a semi-simple preliminary study to solve the problem of limited electric
power in Yemen by evaluating the needs of all service sectors, and given that most power plants In Yemen it was
old and incompetent. The actual electrical power was Stations with much less capacity Its nominal, and during the
period from 2013 to 2020 it was Actual capacity about 1GW (5). During this study, we made a vision for the electricity
network in Yemen in the future, with a capacity of up to 23.5GW, according to the needs of the population and
service sectors, with a load of up to 18.61GW, and the distribution of power plants in the Republic of Yemen
according to mineral resources in various cities of Yemen.
  Procedures Of Design
Electricity is the backbone of life in any society, and it is the practical basis for the continuation of human presence
in a region/city/state and not others, and through it the size of the economy of this society is predicted.

The requirements for the use of electricity vary in many sectors, including the population sector -mainly - then the
industrial, commercial, governmental, industrial and agricultural sectors as well.

The population sector, which constitutes the most important sectors in any city/state. The amount of electricity
consumption depends on the number of people, their growth rate, their average annual consumption, as well as
their places of concentration, through research that is established for a basic purpose before starting any project
to establish power generation, transmission and distribution stations. electrical.

The agricultural sector constitutes the smallest part of electric energy consumption - especially in Yemen - and the
amount of electricity needed for this sector can be estimated based on the availability of fertile areas and the needs
of its operating equipment for the agricultural process, and taking into account the growth of this field according
to the plan studied for it.

The industrial field, which is the most consuming sector after the population sector, takes into account the areas
with many factories and containing various industrial / refining / extractive activities, and there are also minerals
and various wealth that require at the present time or with future expansions a large amount of electricity
compared to their counterpart cities Uncontained largely on this sector.

The commercial sector is the sector associated with the commercial sector. The amount of energy needed for this
sector can be estimated based on the presence of commercial components in it, such as large commercial markets
and various commercial activities.

The government sector depends on the importance of this area in terms of the large area and the crowding of the
population and the presence of large government facilities such as ministries, institutions, service bodies and
executive offices, as well as the presence of missions, embassies and consulates .

Taking all these factors into consideration, the expected quantities were calculated for each sector, which were as
follows:

Power Distrubution Sector

12.03%
Residential sector

36.33% Agriculture Sector

21.28%
indestrial sector

Commerence Sector

4.84% Government Sector

25.52%
 City/Town Population Avg. power per
Avg.capita(kwh/person/y)
power perResidential
capita(w/person)
Sector
Agricultural sector
Industrial sector
Commercial
Government
sector Sector
Total Power

Taiz 4554430 2000 228.31 1.0398219 0.045 0.765 0.4284 0.11191104 2.390133
Ibb 3911070 2000 228.31 0.8929364 0.063 0 0.252 0.044764416 1.2527008
Hodaidah 3774914 2000 228.31 0.8618506 0.0495 0.675 0.4192 0.089522832 2.0950734
Sana'a 2279665 2000 228.31 0.5204703 0.0855 0.45 1.3284 1.09002 3.4743903
Hajja 1887213 2000 228.31 0.4308696 0.027 0 0.036 0.011191104 0.5050607
Thammar 1697067 2000 228.31 0.3874574 0.036 0 0.038 0.006714662 0.468172
Hadramout 1324083 2000 228.31 0.3023014 0.099 0.7 0.36 0.134293248 1.5955946
Mahwait 1174767 2000 228.31 0.2682111 0.036 0 0,0036 0.00223822 0.3064493
Ammran 1123651 2000 228.31 0.2565408 0.0225 0.135 0.0072 0.011191104 0.4324319
Aden 1087653 2000 228.31 0.2483221 0 0.81 0.54 0.559556 2.1578781
Saddah 987663 2000 228.31 0.2254933 0.162 0 0.036 0.00223822 0.4257316
Lahj 926291 2000 228.31 0.2114815 0.027 0.045 0.072 0.044764416 0.4002459
Al-Baida 835683 2000 228.31 0.1907948 0.0135 0 0.0036 0.006714662 0.2146094
Al-joff 732360 2000 228.31 0.1672051 0.036 0.0675 0.0072 0.006714662 0.2846198
Abyan 658824 2000 228.31 0.1504161 0.027 0.0675 0.108 0.011191104 0.3641072
Shaboua 651509 2000 228.31 0.148746 0.009 0.36 0.036 0.006714662 0.5604607
ADdali 602613 2000 228.31 0.1375826 0.018 0.045 0.072 0.044764416 0.317347
Ma'arib 504696 2000 228.31 0.1152271 0.1035 0.63 0.108 0.044764416 1.0014916
Raimah 502505 2000 228.31 0.1147269 0.0225 0 0.036 0.00223822 0.1754651
Al-Mahara 400000 2000 228.31 0.091324 0.018 0 0.072 0.006714662 0.1880387

Total Calculation 29616657 6.761779 0.9 4.75 3.96 2.238222068 18.610001

Percentage (%) 36.334116 4.83611 25.52391 21.279 12.02698586 100.00001
Table 1

With Studying and assigning the Sectors of the load according to its priority, as:
Loads which must be provided with electricity from at list two independent sources or two lines , and Loads that
should be provided with electricity from one direction but by at list two circuit line. As shown in table below
 Degree City Degree City
I Hudidah I Sana'a
II Manakhah III Khamer
I Sadha III Amran
III Thamar II Ma'rib
III Ma'abar III sayuon
III yareem II Alhuzm
II Addalie III asshar
I Aden III Nuqup
I Taiz III Nesab
II Ibb II Bilhalf
II Almakha III Brum
Il Zabeed III hajjah
III zonjbar III moklaa
II Ataq III Sayhot
III tareem
After determine the needed of power for each city in all sectors as shown in tables above we study the map of
cities and determining the suitable bath , as shown below

Figure_1
 Figure_2

then redrawing the network as shown below in figure_3

Figure_3
We have simplified the network above by redrawing it in more suitable way, in order to ease our calculations as
shown below in figure

Figure_4

Then writing the distances between the branches (Cities ) , using google map as shown below in table (3).
 Table No.(3)
Path From To Distance [km]
Loop (1)
Lab Hudaidah Manakah 137
Lbc Manakhah Sana'a 98
Lcd Sana'a Mabar 74
Lde Mabar Dhammar 33
Lef Dhammar Yareem 34
Lfg Yareem Addali 108
Lak Hodaidah Zabid 106
Lkj Zabid Makkah 130
Lji Makkah Taiz 107
Lih Taiz Ibb 68
Lhg Ibb Addali 98

Loop (2)
Lpo Marib Alhazm 134
Lon Alhazm Sadaa 302
Lnm Sadaa Khamer 147
Lml Khamer Ammran 47
Llc Ammran Sana'a 52
Lpc Sana'a Marib 172

Loop (3)
Lgv Adali Aden 173
Luv Aden zingbar 64
Ltu zingbar Belhaf 344
Lts Belhaf Ataq 564
Lsr Ataq Nesab 39
Lrq Nesab Nuqub 135
Lqp Nuqub Marib 136

After labeling each branch and determining directions, considering the network is lossless to calculate the power
in all branches ,then expressing each branch power in terms of loop powers, after that writing the mesh equation
for each loop using branch-current analysis method and doing the calculations, and the assigned branches power
references are :
𝑷𝟏𝟏 = 𝑷𝒂𝒃 , 𝑷𝟐𝟐 = 𝑷𝒐𝒏 , 𝑷𝟑𝟑 = 𝑷𝒓𝒒
 Table No.(4)
P11=Pab P22=Pno P33=Prq
Loop (1)
Lab Hudaidah Manakah P11=Pab
Lbc Manakhah Sana'a P11-0.27
Lcd Sana'a Mabar P11+P33-0.13
Lde Mabar Dhammar P11+P33-0.56
Lef Dhammar Yareem P11+P33-0.78
Lfg Yareem Addali P11+P33-1.18
Lak Hodaidah Zabid 1.21-P11
Lkj Zabid Makkah 0.38-P11
Lji Makkah Taiz 3.58-P11
Lih Taiz Ibb 1.49-P11
Lhg Ibb Addali 0.24-P11
Loop (2)
Lpo Marib Alhazm P22-1.22
Lon Alhazm Sadaa P22
Lnm Sadaa Khamer P22-0.33
Lml Khamer Ammran P22-0.42
Llc Ammran Sana'a P22-1.26
Lpc Sana'a Marib P33- P22+2.6
Loop (3)
Lgv Adali Aden P33-1.26
Luv Aden zingbar 1.85-P33
Ltu zingbar Belhaf 2.23-P33
Lts Belhaf Ataq p33-0.95
Lsr Ataq Nesab P33+0.01
Lrq Nesab Nuqub P33
Lqp Nuqub Marib P33-0.42

then using 𝑳𝒊𝒋 × 𝑷𝒊𝒋 multiple each branch power by its distance using KVL for each loop to get one equation for
each loop , means 3 equations for the three loops this will result in free terms, and make these free terms in one
side ,then solve them in matrix 3×3 , as we got below :
 𝟗𝟗𝟑𝑷𝟏𝟏 + 𝟎 + 𝟐𝟒𝟗𝑷𝟑𝟑 = 𝟖𝟗𝟒. 𝟎𝟖 1

𝟎 + 𝟖𝟓𝟒𝑷𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝑷𝟑𝟑 = 𝟕𝟒𝟒. 𝟒𝟓 2

𝟐𝟒𝟗𝑷𝟏𝟏 − 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝑷𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟔𝑷𝟑𝟑 = 𝟏𝟒𝟑𝟎. 𝟖𝟗 3

After finding this matrix we got

𝑷𝟏𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟓 GW

𝑷𝟐𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟑𝟐 GW

𝑷𝟑𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟔𝟐𝟔𝟐 GW

We use these values to substitute in branches equations that shown in tableNO. (4) above we got the values of each branch
power that shown below in table NO.(5)

Pij Expresed GW
Pab P11=Pab 0.70915
Pbc P11-0.27 0.43915
Pcd P11+P33-0.13 1.34177
Pde P11+P33-0.56 0.91177
Pef P11+P33-0.78 0.69177
Pfg P11+P33-1.18 0.29177
Pak 1.21-P11 0.50085
Pkj 0.38-P11 -0.32915
Pji 3.58-P11 2.087085
Pih 1.49-P11 0.78088
Phg 0.24-P11 -0.46915
Ppo P22-1.22 -0.19468
Pon P22 1.02532
Pnm P22-0.33 0.69532
Pml P22-0.42 0.60532
Plc P22-1.26 -0.23468
Pcp P33- P22+2.6 2.3373
Pgv P33-1.26 -0.49738
Pvu 1.85-P33 1.08738
Ptu 2.23-P33 1.46738
Pst p33-0.95 -0.18738
Psr P33+0.01 0.77262
Prq P33 0.76262
Pqp P33-0.42 0.34262

Table NO.(5)
The next is finding the voltage level in each branch using the following equations :

and the average power then selecting the suitable voltage as shown in table (NO.6)

Branch Lij N Power[MW] Vmax1[kV] Vmax2[kV] Vecon[kV] Vavg[kV] Vset[kV]

indcite
ab 137 1 709.15 442.0642704 373.3271574 352.3496636 389.2470304 400
bc 98 1 439.15 330.3414113 304.362795 277.7236786 304.1426283 400
cd 74 1 1341.77 554.3574024 340.6019978 481.0413738 458.6669247 400
de 33 1 911.77 411.9985416 236.4030871 396.1268489 348.1761592 400
ef 34 1 691.77 360.1140984 233.6359303 345.2878799 313.0126362 400
fg 108 1 291.77 273.2387999 275.2615602 228.1580939 258.8861513 400
ak 106 1 500.85 356.9782841 320.9401357 296.4086706 324.7756968 400
kj 130 1 329.15 298.6776041 295.6371382 242.6512072 278.9886498 400
ji 107 4 521.77125 364.8777626 325.054711 302.4289292 330.7871343 400
ih 68 1 780.88 417.9444002 307.8095174 367.6159296 364.4566157 400
hg 98 1 469.15 341.4384582 309.6282873 286.8326022 312.6331159 400
po 134 1 194.68 230.8067567 245.6407184 189.4857097 221.9777282 400
on 302 2 512.66 430.0025746 391.2656689 305.9218133 375.7300189 400
nm 147 1 695.32 442.7037436 378.0501548 349.2401114 389.9980033 400
ml 47 1 605.32 350.3997326 260.216055 323.4973422 311.3710433 400
lc 52 1 234.68 221.0260691 222.12249 203.0053899 215.3846497 400
pc 172 4 584.325 416.3925527 373.055967 321.5819005 370.3434734 400
gv 173 1 497.38 384.5363279 355.4128115 297.5399182 345.8296859 400
uv 64 1 1087.38 489.1048967 314.477782 433.133992 412.2388902 400
tu 344 4 366.845 372.4834457 347.7686461 263.4143069 327.8887996 400
ts 564 1 187.38 292.3840396 265.1074995 206.8409534 254.7774975 400
sr 39 1 772.62 386.8296205 249.5616545 364.9346363 333.7753038 400
rq 135 1 762.62 457.3561579 378.4547186 365.0727627 400.2945464 400
qp 136 1 342.62 306.9137047 301.8795308 247.5924642 285.4618999 400

Table NO.(6)
  Electrical grid Power System Components:
8 power plants of total installed capacity 23.5GW
No Power plant Name
1 Hodeida power plant
2 Aljaof power plant
3 Sana’a power plant
4 Aden power plant
5 Safier power plant
6 Almakha power plant
7 Shaboua power plant
8 Balhaf power plant
Power Capacity Types of power plants
In [GW]
3 steam turbines
3 gas turbines
2 gas turbines
2 steam turbines
4 gas turbines
4 steam turbines
2.5 gas turbines
3 gas turbines

 Recommendations
 Despite the deteriorating situation of the power sector, especially after the war, there remains an opportunity to
build a stronger power sector. This section includes maximum priorities to recover and reform the electricity sector.
 Secure funding, both government financial resources or donors / international lenders, to rehabilitate the
infrastructure damaged during the war,
 Maintenance of power plants requiring spare parts, and other corrective maintenance and Rehabilitation of the
basic transport lines needed to transfer energy from large power plants to the required locations.
 Search for effective financial and technical adjustments among the concerned areas of conflict areas to restart the
national network.
 Buying electricity from private sector as needed, through transparent and competitive process, preferably through
mechanisms leading to the General Electricity Corporation for infrastructure, such as construction, operation and
transportation.
 Work to find a good and sustainable solutions.
 Enhance the efficiency of the generation and subdivisement sectors, and reduce technical functions through
appropriate maintenance.
 improve administrative practices and ensure an effective delegation of skilled managers and qualified leaders who
lead the departments.
 Encouraging consumers and service facilities to install isolated solar systems on the high quality network and
designed well designed to form sustainable solutions.
 Review of electricity tariffs on a consultative study dealing with their social dimensions and economic, including
consumers’ ability from all sectors to afford.

 References
1. Central Statistics Organization (CSO) summar table of the most important results of population projections data and indicators
(2005-20025) according to various hypotheses and alternatives (Arabic)
2. http://www.cso-yemen.com/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553
3. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE
4. Power System Engineering
5. Recover priorities and repair sector Electricity in Yemen -Akram Almohamady (may 2020)