Saes S 010

Engineering Standard
SAES-S-010 18 April 2016

Sanitary Sewers
Document Responsibility: Plumbing and Utilities Standards Committee
Contents
1 Scope............................................................. 2
2 Conflicts and Deviations................................. 2
3 References..................................................... 2
4 Definitions....................................................... 5
5 Design............................................................ 6
6 Materials, Installation and Testing................ 26
Previous Issue: 22 May 2013 Next Planned Update: 22 May 2018

Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right margin Page 1 of 28
Primary contact: Al-Hamid, Adel Sulaiman on +966-3-8809593
Copyright©Saudi Aramco 2016. All rights reserved.

Document Responsibility: Plumbing and Utilities Standards Committee SAES-S-010
Issue Date: 18 April 2016
Next Planned Update: 22 May 2018 Sanitary Sewers
1 Scope
1.1 This Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard (SAES) sets forth the minimum
requirements for sanitary sewers that are located in Saudi Aramco facilities; or
that are under the operation and maintenance of Saudi Aramco.
1.2 This SAES does not apply to the following:
1.2.1 The collection of sewage in and from buildings as covered by

SAES-S-060.
1.2.2 The treatment and disposal of such sewage as covered in SAES-A-104.
1.2.3 Sanitary sewers that are designed and constructed by Saudi Aramco on
behalf of Saudi Arabian governmental agencies, in accordance with their
own standards and specifications.
1.2.4 Sanitary sewers that are designed and controlled by Saudi Aramco for
Saudi Aramco that serve Saudi Aramco facilities, but are located on land
under the jurisdiction of Saudi Arabian governmental agencies, and that
comply with government standards and specifications.
1.2.5 Industrial drainage and sewers covered by SAES-S-020.
2 Conflicts and Deviations
2.1 Any conflicts between this standard and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Engineering Standards (SAESs), Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs),
Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the company or buyer representative through the
Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this standard in writing to the company or
buyer representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302
and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
3 References
The selection of material and equipment, and the design, construction, maintenance, and
repair of equipment and facilities covered by this standard shall comply with the latest
edition of the references listed below unless otherwise noted.
3.1 Saudi Aramco References
Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure
Page 2 of 28
SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a Mandatory

Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards

SAES-A-104 Wastewater Treatment, Reuse & Disposal
SAES-B-014 Safety Requirements for Plant and Operations
Support Buildings
SAES-B-068 Electrical Area Classification
SAES-G-005 Centrifugal Pumps
SAES-H-002 Internal and External Coatings for Steel Pipelines
and Piping
SAES-H-003 Coating Requirements for Concrete Surfaces
SAES-L-105 Piping Material Specifications
SAES-L-132 Materials Selection of Piping Systems
SAES-M-006 Saudi Aramco Security and General Purpose Fencing
SAES-Q-001 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete
Structures
SAES-S-020 Industrial Drainage and Sewers
SAES-S-060 Saudi Aramco Plumbing Code
SAES-S-070 Installation of Utility Piping Systems
SAES-Z-004 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
System
Saudi Aramco Manuals

SAEHC Saudi Aramco Environmental Health Code
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications

01-SAMSS-029 RTR (Fiberglass) Sewer Pipe and Fittings for
Gravity Flow
01-SAMSS-034 RTR (Fiberglass) Pressure Pipe and Fittings
09-SAMSS-106 Epoxy Coating of Steel Reinforcing Bars
12-SAMSS-024 Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Manhole and
Access Covers with Frame
Page 3 of 28
Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing

AB-036380 Sanitary Sewer Manhole Precase Concrete Plan,
Section and Detail
Saudi Aramco General Instruction

GI-0151.006 Implementing the Saudi Aramco Environmental
Health Code
Saudi Arabian Standards Organization

SASO SAS/14 Pipes for Potable Water of Unplasticized Plastic
(Polyvinyl Chloride)
3.2 Industry Codes and Standards
American National Standards Institute

ANSI A14.3 Safety Requirements for Fixed Ladders
American Petroleum Institute

API SPEC 5L Specification for Line Pipe
American Society for Testing and Materials

ASTM A53 Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated,
Welded and Seamless
ASTM D1785 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40, 80, and 120
ASTM D2564 Solvent Cements for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Plastic Piping Systems
ASTM D2665 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic drain, Waste, and
Vent Pipe and Fittings
ASTM D2855 Making Solvent Cemented Joints with Polyvinyl
Chloride (PVC) Pipe and Fittings
ASTM D3212 Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using
Flexible Elastomeric Seals
ASTM D3311 Drains, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings
Patterns
ASTM D3350 Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
ASTM F585 Insertion of Flexible Polyethylene Pipe into Existing
Sewers
Page 4 of 28
ASTM F714 Polyethylene Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on

Outside Diameter
ASTM F1216 Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by
the Inversion and Curing of a Resin-Impregnated
Tube
ASTM F1248 Determination of Environmental Stress Crack
Resistance of Polyethylene Pipe
4 Definitions
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD): For definitions see SAES-A-104.
Building: A structure built, erected, and framed of component structural parts designed
for the housing, shelter, enclosure, or support of human, animals, or material of any kind.
Building Drain: The lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge
from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside the walls of a building and conveys it to
the building sewer beginning 0.6 m (2 feet) outside the building wall.
Building Sewer: The horizontal piping of a drainage system which extends from the
end of a building drain and which receives the discharge of the building drain and
conveys it to public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system, or other
point of disposal.
Force Main: A discharge pipe that is in full flow condition and that extends from a lift
station carrying sewage under pressure.
House Connection: A sewer lateral that extends from the public sewer to the property
line and to which the building sewer is connected.
Invert: The lowest point of the internal surface of a sewer pipe.
Lift Station: A facility to pump effluent from a wet well to a point of higher elevation,
which may be either in the sewer system or at a disposal facility.
Main: The main of any system of continuous piping is the principal artery of the
system to which branches may be connected.
Main Sewer: See Public Sewer.
Manhole: A sanitary sewer utility hole, maintenance hole, inspection chamber or

access chamber. It is the top opening to an underground utility vault used to house an
access point for making connections or performing maintenance on underground public
utility sewer system. It is protected by a heavy round manhole cover designed to
Page 5 of 28
prevent accidental or unauthorized access to the manhole. For more details refer to
AB-036380 - Sanitary Sewer Manhole Precast Concrete Plan, Section and Detail.
Potable Water: Refer to water section of Saudi Aramco Environmental Health Code, GI-
0151.006 Chapter SAEHC-S-01. The water that is satisfactory for culinary and domestic
purposes and meets the requirements of GI-0151.006, Saudi Aramco Environmental
Health Code, Chapter SAEHC-S-01 and any other requirements set by Environmental
Compliance Division of Environmental Protection Department. Both drinking water and
raw water are potable water.
Private Sewage Disposal System: A septic tank from which effluent discharges into a
subsurface disposal field, into one or more seepage pits, or into a combination that
consists of a subsurface disposal field and a seepage pit or of other facilities that are
permitted and approved by Environmental Protection Department.
Private Sewer: A building sewer that receives discharge from one or more than one
building drain and conveys this discharge to a private sewage disposal system.
Public Sewer: A common sewer that receives discharge from building sewers and conveys
this discharge to a lift station, a sewage treatment facility, or another point of disposal.
Exception:
Sewer lines inside of Saudi Aramco plant areas that have limited and controlled connections
would not be considered as “Public Sewers”.
Sewage Wastewater: Any liquid waste that contains animal or vegetable matter in
suspension or solution or that includes liquids containing chemicals in solution.
Wet Well Lift Station: A lift station that uses pumps within a reinforced concrete or
steel sump.
Wet Well/Dry Well Lift Station: A lift station in which the sewage is contained in
wet well and pumps are contained in a separate accessible chamber called dry well.
Note: All dimensions within parenthesis in this document are for reference only.
5 Design
5.1 Wastes Prohibited for Discharge into Public Sewers
Public sewers shall not receive discharges of the waters and wastes that are
specified below, unless these waters and wastes have been pretreated in facilities
that conform to SAES-A-104:
5.1.1 Any rain water, surface water, ground water, roof run-off, subsurface
drainage, or cooling water, unless there are no other means to dispose of
Page 6 of 28
such wastes. A prior approval from the Chairman of Plumbing and

Utilities Standards Committee shall be obtained.
5.1.2 Unpolluted industrial process water shall not be discharged into sanitary
sewer system.
5.1.3 Any liquid or vapor having a temperature higher than 65°C (149°F).
5.1.4 Any water or waste containing more than 100 parts per million by weight
of animal fat, vegetable fat, oil, or grease.
5.1.5 Any hydrocarbon solids, liquids or gases or any other flammable or

explosive solids, liquids or gases.
5.1.6 Any garbage that has not been properly shredded.
5.1.7 Any ashes, cinders, sand, mud, straw, shavings, metal, glass, rags,
feathers, tar, plastics, wood, paunch manure, or any other solid or viscous
substance capable of causing obstruction to the flow in sewers or causing
other interference with the proper operation of waste disposal facilities.
5.1.8 Any waters or wastes having a pH lower than 5.5 or higher than 9.0 or
having any other corrosive property capable of causing damage or hazard
to structures, equipment, and personnel associated with the waste
disposal facilities.
5.1.9 Any waters or wastes containing pesticides.
5.1.10 Any waters or wastes containing a toxic or poisonous substance in

sufficient quantity to injure or interfere with any sewage treatment
process, to constitute a hazard to human beings or animals, or to create
any hazard in the receiving waters of the waste disposal facilities.
5.1.11 Any waters or wastes that, given an average daily flow greater than
4 cubic meters per day, contain more than 350 parts per million by
weight of suspended solids or that contain suspended solids of such
character and quantity that unusual attention or expense is required to
handle such materials at the waste disposal facility.
Commentery note:
The unusual attention or expense means: excessive

operational procedures that must be initiated or that could
damage equipment resulting in expensive repairs at the
wastewater disposal facility
Page 7 of 28
5.1.12 Any noxious or malodorous gas or substance that is capable of creating a

public nuisance.
5.1.13 Any waters or wastes having a five-day BOD greater than 300 parts per
million by weight, given an average daily flow greater than 4 cubic
meters per day.
5.2 Gravity Public Sewers
5.2.1 Each gravity public sewer shall be designed to carry the peak flow rate
(PFR), which is the average flow rate (AFR) multiplied by the
appropriate peaking factor (PF), within the depth-of-flow and velocity
ranges stipulated in this chapter.
5.2.2 The AFR shall be determined for each building or facility served. In the
absence of measured or known flow rates, the AFR values given in
SAES-A-104 shall be used.
5.2.3 Peaking factors (PF's) shall be determined from the following formulae:
a) For an AFR from 0 to 24 million liters per day:
PF = (0.00163)(AFR)² - (0.08790)(AFR) + 2.90
where AFR is in millions liters per day
b) For an AFR greater than 24 million liters per day:
PF = 1.73
5.2.4 Gravity public sewers shall have the following velocity and depth-of-
flow characteristics:
a) The minimum velocity shall be 0.77 m/s (2.5 ft/s) at 75% of full flow
rate (Reference : “Water Supply & Sewage” by Steel. The slope
should be continuously downhill, without low points or high points.
Exception:
If the required slope cannot be achieved to maintain the minimum

required velocity due to site conditions, tie up connections or any
other unavoidable conditions, the minimum slopes for sewer pipes
shall not be less than .0033 provided a minimum velocity of 0.6 m/s
(1.97 ft/s) is maintained at half flow condition.
Reference: “Wastewater Engineering-Collection & Pumping of

Wastewater” by Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.
b) The maximum depth-of-flow shall not exceed 75% of the internal

pipe diameter at the applicable PFR.
Page 8 of 28
5.2.5 The minimum size of a public sewer shall be 200 mm (8 inches) nominal
diameter.
5.2.6 Public sewers shall be laid in a straight line between manholes.
5.2.7 Pipe shall not reduce in size in the direction of flow.
5.2.8 DWV (drain, waste and vent) type fittings shall be used in gravity flow
system.
5.2.9 No elbows, wyes, or other fittings that change the direction of sewers
between manholes shall be permitted.
5.2.10 The maximum distance between manholes for public sewers shall be
90 meters (295 feet).
5.2.11 There shall be no physical connection between a potable water supply

system and a sewer or a junction that would permit the passage of any
wastewater into the potable water supply.
5.2.12 No portion of a sewer system and no discharge from a sewer system

shall be located within 15 meters (50 feet) of any well, spring, or other
source of potable water supply.
5.2.13 Public sewers that are parallel to potable water lines shall be separated
from such lines by a minimum distance of 3 m; and shall be located
below the potable water lines. Refer to Saudi Aramco Environmental
Health Code (GI-0151.006) for minimum horizontal separation distances
between sewer lines and water systems.
5.2.14 A sewer crossing a potable water line shall be oriented such that the
sewer crosses under the potable water line with a minimum vertical
surface clearance of 300 mm (12 inches). If this vertical clearance
cannot be met due to existing conditions where sewer piping must
crossover a potable water line regardless of vertical separation (even
though running beneath the potable water line), a sewer crossing a
potable water line shall be oriented in any one of the following details
and shall be applied as shown in the illustrated figures:
a) The sewer piping crossing a potable water line shall be one
continuous joint of pipe and both ends of that sewer pipe shall be at
least 3 meters (10 feet) beyond the point of crossing as shown in
Figure 1.
Page 9 of 28
The sewer piping crossing a potable

water line shall be one continuous joint of Potable Water Line
pipe and both ends of that sewer pipe

shall be at least 3 meters (10 feet)
beyond the point of crossing
< 300 mm (12 inches)
3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)
Joint Sewer Line Joint
Figure 1 – Sewer Piping Crossing with Potable Water Line (Para. 5.2.14.a)
b) The sewer piping shall be encased in a concrete encasement for a

minimum distance of 3 meters (10 feet) in both directions beyond
the crossing point. The concrete encasement shall be at least
150 mm (6 inches) thick. Non-metallic pipes such as RTR piping
and fittings shall be wrapped with neoprene wrapping at the edges
of concrete encasement. The wrapping must protrude slightly from
the concrete encasement. The thickness and the width of wrap
shall comply with Table 4 of SAES-S-070 as shown in Figure 2.
Page 10 of 28
The sewer piping shall be encased in a

concrete for a minimum distance of 3
Potable Water Line
meters (10 feet) in both directions
beyond the crossing point
< 300 mm (12 inches)
3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)
Plastic pipes such as RTR piping and fittings shall be

Concrete Encasement wrapped with Neoprene Wrapping Protrude slightly
Figure 2 – Sewer Piping Crossing with Potable Water Line (Para. 5.2.14.b)
c) The sewer line shall be encased in a sealed casing of either PVC or

RTR pipe for a minimum distance of 3 meters (10 feet), in both
directions beyond the point of crossing as shown in Figure 3.
The ends of casings shall be water-tight seal with flexible non-
metallic material to keep out soil and water. The annulus between
the casing and sewer pipe shall be clean (no debris) and dry when
the seals are installed.
Page 11 of 28
The sewer piping shall be encased in a

sealed casing of either steel sleeve, PVC
Potable Water Line
or RTR pipe for a minimum distance of 3
meters (10 feet) in both directions
beyond the crossing point < 300 mm (12 inches)
3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)
Steel Sewer Pipe

Sealed Casing
Figure 3 – Sewer Piping Crossing with Potable Water Line (Para. 5.2.14.c)
5.2.15 Public sewers, including any house connection or building sewers, shall
have a minimum depth of cover as specified in Table 2 of SAES-S-070.
5.2.16 Manholes shall be constructed of either a nonmetallic material (such as

fiberglass-reinforced plastic, high-density polyethylene, or equivalent)
Page 12 of 28
per 12-SAMSS-024, or concrete. Manholes shall be tested in accordance

with SAES-S-070.
5.2.17 Concrete manholes shall be coated internally with APCS-2E per

SAES-H-003 and externally below grade with APCS-10 bituminous
paint per SAES-H-003or better.
5.2.18 Steel reinforcing bars in concrete shall be epoxy coated per

09-SAMSS-106.
5.2.19 Bottom of a manhole shall have concrete benching, which must be

channeled smooth from the invert of all pipes entering the manhole.
When there is a difference of more than 50 mm to 600 mm (2 inches to
24 inches) between the inverts of incoming sewers, a chute shall be
created in the benching to provide a smooth flow. Benching shall not be
less than ¾ of the diameter of the sewer pipe. Top of the benching must
be sloped towards the open channel at the slope of 4 to 8%.
5.2.20 A drop manhole shall be provided for a sewer entering a manhole at an

elevation of 600 mm (24 inches) or more above the manhole invert.
The drop connection shall be outside the drop manhole and shall be
encased in concrete.
5.2.21 Sanitary manholes shall have a minimum inside diameters:
5.2.21.1 1.2 m for straight run manholes with a pipe diameter size of
600 mm or less
5.2.21.2 1.8 m for straight run manholes for pipes larger than 600 mm
diameter.
5.2.21.3 1.8 m for junction manholes.
5.2.22 The building sewer point of connection shall be 0.6 m (2 feet) from the
building external wall as shown in Figure 4.
Page 13 of 28
Figure 4 – Building Drain Connection (Para. 5.2.21)
5.3 Lift Stations
5.3.1 General
a) The design and construction of wastewater lift stations shall
comply with SAES-A-104 and Saudi Aramco Environmental
Health Code (GI-0151.006) as applicable.
b) Lift stations that receives 1,800 cubic meters per day (475,560 gallons
per day) or larger flows based on daily AFR shall be as follows:
1) Wet well/dry well type
2) Housed in a building
3) Having at least two H2S detectors within the dry pit. The H2S
detectors shall be located as follows:
i) 1 to 1.5 meters above the finished floor level of the dry pit.
ii) One detector on each opposite wall of dry pit.
4) H2S detectors and alarms shall be fed by an emergency stand
by power source such as UPS.
5) When the minimum H2S threshold as stipulated in SAES-B-014
is met the H2S detector shall perform the following:
i) Send command to trigger a local audible and visual alarm.
Page 14 of 28
ii) Send command to a 24 hour manned control station

notifying of potential elevation of H2S levels.
iii) Variation in H2S detection of more than 10% between
both H2S sensors an alarm at the Lift Station and another
alarm remotely sent to a 24 hours manned control room
shall occur.
6) Exhaust Fan shall be as follows:
i) Exhaust fans shall be explosion/spark proof.
ii) Dry pit shall have one running and one stand by exhaust fan.
iii) Exhaust fans shall be sized to provide minimum 6 ACH.
iv) Duct of the exhaust fan shall extend 1 to 1.5 meters above
the finished floor level of the dry pit.
v) Exhaust fans shall be monitored through device connected
to alarm system. Failure in the exhaust fan shall trigger
an alarm and send a command to a 24 hour manned
control station notifying of failure.
7) Alarms
i) Alarms shall be provided for H2S detectors, and exhaust
fans to provide warning of power loss or failure.
ii) All alarm devices shall have an independent emergency
power supply in addition to the normal power supply.
iii) Individual alarm devices shall be connected to a master
alarm in a location where they can be conveniently
observed by an attendant or other responsible person
designated by the management of this facility.
c) Odor control and ventilation requirements shall be in accordance
with SAES-A-104.
d) All lift stations shall have facilities for bypassing the wet wells and
pumps.
e) Covers for wet wells shall be aluminum, fiberglass, or concrete.
The interior surface of the concrete cover shall be lined with a
nonmetallic corrosion-resistant material such as PVC, or coated
with APCS-19B per SAES-H-003; and exterior concrete surfaces
shall be coated with APCS-1B coating system per SAES-H-003.
Steel covers are not permitted.
f) Concrete lift stations shall be coated internally with APCS-19B
Page 15 of 28
epoxy and externally below grade with APCS-10 bituminous paint

per SAES-H-003 or better. Exterior concrete surfaces above grade
shall be coated with APCS-1B coating system per SAES-H-003.
Before coating, concrete shall be sealed with a low molecular
weight epoxy sealer. (Refer to SAES-A-104).
g) Steel reinforcing bars in concrete shall be epoxy coated per
SAES-Q-001 and 09-SAMSS-106.
5.3.2 Pumps
a) The selection and installation of wastewater lift station pumps shall
be in accordance with SAES-A-104 and SAES-G-005 as applicable.
b) Lift stations shall use two or more pumps. The group of pumps
shall consist of an operating pump or a group of equal capacity
operating pumps, and one equal capacity standby pump. The total
minimum capacity of the operating pumps (exclusive of the
standby pumps) must be greater than or equal to the PFR.
c) All pumps shall be specifically designed for pumping sewage and
shall be capable of passing a 75 mm (3 inches) sphere.
Exception:
If a sewage pump is not available that is capable of passing 75 mm

(3 inches) sphere due to low flow requirement, then pump with
smaller than 75 mm (3 inches) outlet may be used for the service,
provided the pump is equipped with a grinder upstream of the pump
impeller.
Note: “75 mm (3 inches) pump and smaller is considered as low flow”.
d) Pumps shall be non-clog type.

e) Lift Station pumps with suction lifts are prohibited.
Exception:
Self-Priming Pumps for small lift stations (under peak flow rate of
475,000 gallons per day) can be used as specified below:
 Maximum suction lift 6 meters (20 feet) between low-low liquid

level and pump centerline.
 Above grade building enclosure with monorail for maintenance
removal.
 Rag removal by bar screen or in-channel grinder on wet well inlet.
 Operation of the pumps in the correct area of their performance
(pump selection shall be in accordance with SAES-G-005).
Page 16 of 28
f) Submersible pumps for small lift stations (under peak flow rate
475,000 gallons per day) shall have the following additional
requirements:
 316 stainless steel guide rails and chain for maintenance removal.
 Steel monorail and manual hoisting equipment to facilitate
removal of the pumps
 Two separate upper and lower mechanical seals with moisture
detector between seals.
 Rag removal by bar screen or in-channel grinder on wet well inlet,
or grinder (chopper) pump on 50 mm (2 inches) discharge pumps.
g) Open drive shaft pumps and motors with enclosed type drive shafts
are not acceptable.
5.3.3 Wet Well Operating Volume Sizing

a) The lift station wet well operating volume shall be sized according
to the following equation:
V = CT(Q)/4 (1)
Where: V = minimum required capacity m³ (gallons)
CT = minimum time in minutes of one pumping cycle
between successive motor starts. Minimum CT shall
be 15 minutes
Q = pump capacity, m³/min (gallon/minute).
Reference: “Wastewater Engineering-Collection & Pumping of
Wastewater” by Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.
Editorial: This requirement is to provide enough storage volume to

prevent short cycling of pump and motor. It restricts the time
between starts of the pump motor to the minimum
15 minutes. It does not restrict the pump running time.
b) The wet well operating volume shall be based on the sum of the
volumes calculated for each operating pump using the equation in
Paragraph 5.3.3.a.
5.3.4 The following requirements apply to lift stations that discharge directly
to a mechanical-type sewage treatment plant.
a) Such lift stations shall use two or more pumps. The group of
pumps shall consist of an operating or a group of equal capacity
Page 17 of 28
operating pumps and one equal capacity standby pump.

b) The wet well operating volume shall be sized to provide for continues
flow rates and shall comply with Paragraph 5.3.3 of this standard.
c) Such lift station shall be designed to supply as continuous and
uniform flow as possible.
5.3.5 Wet Well Lift Stations
Wet well lift stations shall meet the following minimum requirements:
a) The pumps shall be spaced to prevent vortexing cavitations when
the pumps are operating.
b) The operating volume as per paragraph 5.3.3.
c) The wet well volume must include enough volume to prevent suction
vortexing with a minimum of 0.5 meter (1.64 feet) vertical distance
between the pump intake and the bottom of the operating volume.
d) The operating volume must have enough volume and vertical
height for controls to operate properly.
e) Volume for high-level alarms shall be provided in addition to the
operating volume.
f) It shall be possible to remove the pumps without disturbing the
discharge piping.
g) Lift stations with submersible pumps or open drive shaft
pumps shall have permanent guide rails for removing the
pumps. Such guide rails shall be of type 316 stainless steel.
Lifting monorail beams or davit shall be provided for
equipment heavier than 70 kilograms.
h) The pump shut-off level shall be at least 300 mm (12 inches) above
the pump suction level or the distance recommended by the pump
manufacturer, whichever is greater as shown in Figure 5.
Page 18 of 28
The wet well shall have a

minimum size of 75 mm Instrumentation /
gooseneck vent that control
terminates not less than 3 m
Emergency pump
above the lift station deck
connections shall be
level.
provided on the inlet
Manhole
sewer and on the
Incoming Line
force main.
Incoming Line
Wet well high liquid level (HLL)

D
shall be at least 300 mm (12 Pipe invert
inches) below the invert of the
lowest incoming sewer but not Sensors for a duplex pump system
more than 600 mm (24 inches). C shall be set to provide the following:
A) Low Level Sensor: All pumps off.
B
The pump shut-off level shall be B) First Level Sensor: Lead pump on.
at least 300 mm (12 inches) C) Second Level Sensor: Both pumps

A
above the pump suction level or on.
not less than the distance Pumps Suction Pumps D) High Level Sensor: Actuate high
recommended by the pump
level alarm.
manufacturer, whichever is
greater.
Lift stations shall use two or more pumps. The
group of pumps shall consist of an operating
pump or a group of equal capacity operating
pumps, and one equal capacity standby pump.
Figure 5 – Schematic Wet Well Lift Station
i) Wet well high liquid level shall be at least 300 mm (12 inches)
below the invert of the lowest incoming sewer as shown in Figure 5.
j) Bolted-down steel hatches shall be provided for the removal of
each pump and for personnel ingress/egress into the wet well.
Page 19 of 28
k) The wet well shall have a corrosion resistant access firmly affixed
to the interior wet well wall. Ladders shall be handrail type that
meets ANSI A14.3. Grab bars are prohibited. Ladder shall be of
fiberglass material or plastic coated aluminum.
l) The wet well shall be of air tight construction and shall have a
minimum size of 75 mm (3 inches) gooseneck vent that terminates not
less than 3 m above the lift station deck level as shown in Figure 5.
m) Emergency pump connections shall be provided on the inlet sewer
and on the force main as shown in Figure 5.
n) Concrete shall have a minimum compressive strength of 35 MPa
(5000 psi) for water retaining structures as per SAES-Q-001.
o) Steel reinforcing bars in concrete shall be epoxy coated per
SAES-Q-001 and 09-SAMSS-106.
p) Electrical and electronical equipment and wiring shall be suitable for
use in the electrical area classification designated by SAES-B-068
for the wet well or other part of the sewage lift station.
q) The wet well ends /corners shall be sloped 10 degrees and the floor
slop shall be not less than 1:65 (1.5%) to the pump intakes and
have a smooth finish. There shall be no wet well dead ends that
will allow deposition of solids.
r) Wet well shall be tested in accordance with SAES-S-070.
5.3.6 Wet Well/Dry Well Lift Stations
Wet well/dry well lift stations shall meet the following minimum
requirements:
a) Concrete shall have a minimum compressive strength of 35 MPa
(5000 psi) for water retaining structures as per SAES-Q-001.
b) Non-skid corrosion resistant stairs or ladders shall be used for
access to the dry well. Ladders and shall meet the safety
requirements for fixed ladders, ANSI A14.3.
c) Electrical and electronical equipment and wiring shall be suitable for
use in the electrical area classification designated by SAES-B-068
for the wet well, dry well or other part of the sewage lift station.
d) The dry well shall have a forced ventilation system. The ventilation
system shall meet the requirements specified in SAES-A-104.
Page 20 of 28
e) The dry well shall have an automatic sump pump with a standby
pump that returns spills or wash-down water to the wet well as
shown in Figure 6.
Instrumentation /
Emergency pump
control
connections shall be
The wet well shall have a
provided on the inlet
minimum size of 75 mm
sewer and on the
gooseneck vent that
force main
terminates not less than 3 m
above the lift station deck
level. (typical) Manhole
Incoming Line
Dry Well Pipe invert
Sensors for a duplex pump system

Wet well high liquid level
shall be set to provide the following: D
(HLL) shall be at least
300 mm below the invert
A) Low Level Sensor: All pumps off.
of the lowest incoming
B) First Level Sensor: Lead pump on. C sewer but not more than
C) Second Level Sensor: Both pumps
Wet well 600 mm (24 inches).
B
on.
The pump shut-off level shall not
D) High Level Sensor: Actuate high
Pumps A be at least 300 mm (12 inches)
level alarm.
Pumps Suction level above the pump suction level or
not less than the distance
recommended by the pump
Slope to the sump pit manufacturer, whichever is

Lift stations shall use two or more pumps. The greater.
The dry well shall have an automatic sump group of pumps shall consist of an operating
pump with a standby pump that returns pump or a group of equal capacity operating
pumps, and one equal capacity standby pump
spills or wash-down water to the wet well.
Figure 6 – Schematic Wet Well / Dry Well Lift Station
f) The dry well deck shall have removable access covers for the
removal of pumps and/or motors.
g) It shall be possible to remove the pumps and/or motors without
disturbing the suction and discharge piping.
Page 21 of 28
h) The wet well shall have a corrosion resistant access ladder firmly
affixed to the interior wet well wall. Ladders shall be rail type that
meets ANSI A14.3. Grab bars are prohibited. Ladder shall be of
fiberglass material or plastic coated aluminum.
i) Wet well high liquid level shall be at least 300 mm (12 inches)
below the invert of the lowest incoming sewer but not more than
600 mm (24 inches) as shown in Figure 6.
j) The wet well shall be of air tight construction and shall have a
minimum size of 75 mm (3 inches) gooseneck vent that terminates not
less than 3 m above the lift station deck level as shown in Figure 6.
k) Emergency pump connections shall be provided on the inlet sewer
and on the force main as shown in Figure 6.
l) Steel reinforcing bars in concrete shall be epoxy coated per
09-SAMSS-106.
m) Pump motors shall be Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled (TEFC) type
located above grade connected to non-clog pumps in the dry well
by an open type drive shaft. The drive shaft shall have safety
guards as required to protect maintenance personnel. The drive
shaft shall have intermediate bearings with structural supports as
required to prevent excessive vibration. Stainless steel greasing
tubing shall be provided to grease any intermediate bearings from
the upper floor.
n) It shall be possible to remove the pumps without disturbing the
discharge piping. Lifting monorail beams and lifting devices shall
be provided for equipment heavier than 70 kilograms.
o) The pump shut-off level shall be at least 300 mm (12 inches) above
the pump suction level or not less than the distance recommended by
the pump manufacturer, whichever is greater as shown in Figure 6.
p) Wet well shall be tested in accordance with SAES-S-070.
5.3.7 Lift Station Enclosures

a) Residential Areas
1. Lift stations in residential areas shall be placed within 3 m
high decorative block wall enclosures.
2. The enclosure shall have a lockable double gate for vehicle
access and a separate lockable pedestrian gate.
Page 22 of 28
3. The gates shall be of the decorative type and equivalent to at

least Type V fence construction, in accordance with
SAES-M-006.
4. Power supply transformers and associated equipment within
lift station enclosures shall be separated from the lift station
facilities by a Type V fence, in accordance with SAES-M-006.
The power supply area shall have an independent lockable gate
entrance in the enclosure wall or fence.
5. A power supply area that is independent of the lift station
shall be enclosed by a 3 m-high wall.
b) Outside Plant Areas
1. Lift stations outside of plant areas shall be enclosed with
Type IV fence.
2. The enclosure shall have one lockable double gate for vehicle
access and one lockable Type IV fence pedestrian gate in
accordance with SAES-M-006.
3. Power supply transformers and associated equipment within
lift station enclosures shall be separated from the lift station
facilities by a Type V fence, in accordance with SAES-M-006.
The power supply area shall have an independent lockable gate
entrance in the enclosure wall or fence.
4. A power supply area that is independent of the lift station
shall be enclosed by Type IV fence, in accordance with
SAES-M-006.
5.3.8 Lift Station Power Supply
Each lift station shall have two independent power supply sources, each
fed from separate transformers. The power supply sources shall be
interconnected with an automatic transfer switch to provide a continuous
source of power to the lift station. Emergency generator may also be
used as a second power source.
Exceptions:
a. Power feeds from a secondary selective bus system with automatic

transfer scheme fulfill the above requirement.
b. Small lift stations with pumps less than 5 HP.
c. Single Building Sump pumps.
Page 23 of 28
5.3.9 Lift Station Control Systems
5.3.9.1 Lift station control systems shall consist of wet well liquid level
sensing devices, a motor control panel, and an alarm system.
5.3.9.2 Wet well liquid level sensing devices shall meet the following
requirements:
(a) The device shall be either sealed, single-pole, float
sensors, conductance-actuated electrodes, admittance
probes or ultrasonic probes.
(b) The sensing devices shall be in a stilling enclosure.
5.3.9.3 Sensors for a duplex pump system shall be set to provide the
following:
a) Low Level Sensor: All pumps off.
b) First Level Sensor: Lead pump on.
c) Second Level Sensor: Both pumps on.
d) High Level Sensor: Actuate high level alarm.
5.3.9.4 Lift station motor control panels shall have the following
features:
a) NEMA Type 1 motor control enclosures with gasketed
doors shall be used inside of buildings. NEMA Type 4X
with a separate weather and dust proof lock or provisions
for locking shall be used outside of buildings.
The enclosure shall be of dead front construction and
shall have two doors and two compartments that are
separated by a barrier. One compartment shall house the
motor starter package and the other shall house the liquid
level and alarm controls. The doors shall overlap to
prevent them from being opened with the pump motor
disconnect devices in the “ON” position.
b) Circuit breakers shall be provided for each motor.
The handle mechanisms shall be through-the-door linear
drive, shall be mounted directly to the front of the
disconnect device, and shall be capable of being locked in
the “OFF” position. The mechanism shall be interlocked
with the door and must be in the “OFF” position before
the door can be opened.
Page 24 of 28
c) Motor starters shall be full voltage, non-reversing magnetic,

with overload relay protection. The heater coil rating shall
be adjustable within 6% of full load motor current.
d) Control transformers equipped with an integral fuse block
for secondary protection shall be provided for each starter.
e) The pump alternator shall be a motor driven device with
three separate Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) micro-
switches that are positioned by cams located on the shaft
of the motor.
f) Liquid level controls shall be off/on switch devices that
open and close in response to predetermined liquid
elevations and that cause the pump(s) to start or stop.
g) A Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) control circuit
power switching plug-in relay shall be provided to enable
each motor disconnect device to provide a continuous
120-volt nominal source of power to the alarm system, to
the DPDT plug-in alarm “OFF” relay, to the liquid level
controls, and to the moisture detection controls for
submersible pumps.
h) Submersible pumps shall have probes within the oil
reservoir for the purpose of detecting a leakage of the
outer seal of the motor. A warning light, a test light, and
a test push button shall be provided for each motor.
5.3.9.5 Each lift station pump shall be fitted with a dedicated flow
transmitter. This flow transmitter shall be installed on the
pump discharge piping, upstream of connection to common
pump header piping. The flow transmitter shall be designed
for this service.
Commentary Note:
A pressure transmitter may be used in lieu of a flow transmitter,

if flow can be reliably inferred from the pump head.
5.3.9.6 The high level alarm shall be actuated before starting the stand-
by pump.
Commentary Note:
Actuating high level alarm should let the operators know that
there is a problem before being solved by the stand-by pump.
Page 25 of 28
5.3.9.7 Alarm systems shall be in accordance with SAES-A-104.
5.3.9.8 If the Centralized Operation Building is available and utilized by

the proponent, lift stations shall be linked via SCADA systems
to be monitored. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC's) shall
be provided for lift stations and all instruments shall be suitable
for such installations as required by SAES-Z-004.
5.3.10 Force Mains

a) Design of force mains shall be based on effluent velocity between
0.77 m/s (2.5 fps), and the maximum allowable velocity listed in
SAES-L-132 under “Water Sea/Saline” for different piping
material.
b) Force main shall be at least one pipe size larger than the pump
discharge size.
c) Thrust blocks for underground force mains shall be provided in
accordance with SAES-S-070.
d) All force main connections to a gravity sewer system shall be
through a manhole.
e) Force mains shall be laid out in such a way that no high or low
points shall exist to ensure no effluents remain in the pipe during
no-flow conditions.
Exception:
In case existing conditions require high or low points in the force

main line, a prior approval from the Chairman of Plumbing and
Utilities Standards Committee shall be obtained.
f) If underground force mains cannot be laid out in such a way to avoid

high or low points due to site conditions or any other unavoidable
conditions valve boxes shall be installed to provide the following:
1) Combination air/vacuum relief valves shall be installed at all
high points.
2) Drain valves shall be installed at all low points. This does not
apply at the pump connections and the force main outlet.
g) Lift stations that receive 1800 cubic meters per day (475,560 gallons
per day) or larger flows based on daily AFR. Surge analysis shall be
performed and anti-surge system shall be provided if required.
Page 26 of 28
6 Materials, Installation and Testing
6.1 Materials
Table 1 – Acceptable Piping Materials for Gravity Sanitary Sewer Piping

Gravity Force Mains Vent
Non-Hydrocarbon Handling Non-Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon
Areas and above Ground Handling Areas and above
Handling Areas Handling Areas
for All Areas Ground for All Areas
Underground and
Underground and above Ground
Above Ground unless
unless otherwise prohibited by Underground
Underground otherwise prohibited
other Saudi Aramco Engineering and Above Ground
by other Saudi Aramco
Standard
Engineering Standards
1. Reinforced 1. Reinforced Thermosetting 1. Reinforced 1. Reinforced 1. Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin Resin (RTR) Sewer Pipe and Thermosetting Resin Thermosetting Resin Thermosetting
(RTR) Sewer Pipe and Fittings per SAES-L-105 and as (RTR) Pressure Pipe (RTR) Pressure Pipe and Resin (RTR)
Fittings per SAES-L- specified in 01-SAMSS-029. and Fittings per SAES- Fittings per SAES-L-105; Pressure Pipe and
105 and as specified L-105; and as and as specified in Fittings per SAES-
2. PVC pipe and Fittings per SAES-
in 01-SAMSS-029. L-105; 300 mm (12 inches) or specified in 01-SAMSS-034. L-105 and as
less diameter, SASO SAS/14, 01-SAMSS-034. specified in 01-
2. Repair and 2. PVC pipe and Fittings
SAMSS-034.
Rehabilitation of Class 3. Joints shall be solvent 2. Repair and per SAES-L-105;
existing systems: cemented per ASTM D2855 Rehabilitation of SASO SAS/14, Class 5, 2. Steel Pipe per
a) High Density (cement per ASTM D2564) or existing systems: for underground SAES-L-105,
Polyethylene elastomeric ring gasket application only. ASTM A53, or
a) High Density
conforming to ASTM D3212. API SPEC 5L Grade
(HDPE) pipe liner, Polyethylene 3. High Density
as specified in 3. Repair and Rehabilitation of (HDPE) pipe liner, Polyethylene (HDPE) B, Standard
ASTM D3350, existing systems: as specified in pipe and Fittings as Weight,
ASTM F1248 and ASTM D3350, specified in galvanized; and
a) PVC pipe and Fittings per shall be coated
ASTM F714. ASTM F1248 and ASTM D3350,
SAES-L-105; or ASTM D2665 externally in
This material shall and ASTM D3311, Schedule ASTM F714. ASTM F1248 and
be used only for This material shall ASTM F714, for accordance with
40. Joints shall be solvent SAES-H-002.
sliplining of be used only for underground application
cemented per ASTM D2855
existing sanitary (cement per ASTM D2564) sliplining of only.
sewer pipes. existing sanitary
or elastomeric ring gasket 3. Repair and
The procedure of conforming to ASTM D3212. sewer pipes. Rehabilitation of existing
sliplining shall be in The procedure of systems:
accordance with b) High Density Polyethylene sliplining shall be in
ASTM F585. (HDPE) pipe and Fittings as accordance with a) PVC pipe and Fittings
b) Rehabilitation of specified in ASTM D3350 ASTM F585. per SAES-L-105; or,
existing sanitary with Cell Class PE345434C ASTM D1785,
sewer pipes by the minimum, Schedule 80.
inversion and ASTM F1248 and Joints shall be
curing of a resin- ASTM F714. The joints shall solvent cemented
impregnated tube be butt fusion welded, or per ASTM D2855
(Cured-In-Place socket fusion welded. (cement per
Pipe) in accordance This material is also ASTM D2564) or
with ASTM F1216. permissible for use as a pipe elastomeric ring
liner in existing sewer pipe. gasket conforming to
The procedure of sliplining ASTM D3212, for
shall be in accordance with underground
ASTM F585. application only.
Page 27 of 28
6.2 Installation
PVC, HDPE and RTR (fiberglass) pipes, for sanitary sewer system, shall be
installed in accordance with SAES-S-070.
6.3 Testing, Inspection and Backfilling
Gravity sanitary sewers, gravity sanitary sewer manholes, lift stations and
sanitary sewer force mains shall be hydrostatically tested, inspected, repaired
and backfilled in accordance with SAES-S-070.
Revision Summary
22 May 2013 Major revision.
18 April 2016 Editorial revision to change referenced to Saudi Aramco Sanitary Code (SASC) with Saudi
Aramco Environmental Health Code (SAEHC).
Page 28 of 28

Saes S 010

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Engineering Standard

SAES-S-010 18 April 2016

Previous Issue: 22 May 2013 Next Planned Update: 22 May 2018

Copyright©Saudi Aramco 2016. All rights reserved.

1.2 This SAES does not apply to the following:

1.2.1 The collection of sewage in and from buildings as covered by

1.2.2 The treatment and disposal of such sewage as covered in SAES-A-104.

1.2.5 Industrial drainage and sewers covered by SAES-S-020.

2 Conflicts and Deviations

3.1 Saudi Aramco References

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a Mandatory

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards

Saudi Aramco Manuals

Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications

Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing

Saudi Aramco General Instruction

Saudi Arabian Standards Organization

3.2 Industry Codes and Standards

American National Standards Institute

American Petroleum Institute

American Society for Testing and Materials

ASTM F714 Polyethylene Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD): For definitions see SAES-A-104.

Invert: The lowest point of the internal surface of a sewer pipe.

Main Sewer: See Public Sewer.

Manhole: A sanitary sewer utility hole, maintenance hole, inspection chamber or

5.1 Wastes Prohibited for Discharge into Public Sewers

such wastes. A prior approval from the Chairman of Plumbing and

5.1.5 Any hydrocarbon solids, liquids or gases or any other flammable or

5.1.6 Any garbage that has not been properly shredded.

5.1.9 Any waters or wastes containing pesticides.

5.1.10 Any waters or wastes containing a toxic or poisonous substance in

The unusual attention or expense means: excessive

5.1.12 Any noxious or malodorous gas or substance that is capable of creating a

5.2 Gravity Public Sewers

If the required slope cannot be achieved to maintain the minimum

Reference: “Wastewater Engineering-Collection & Pumping of

b) The maximum depth-of-flow shall not exceed 75% of the internal

5.2.6 Public sewers shall be laid in a straight line between manholes.

5.2.7 Pipe shall not reduce in size in the direction of flow.

5.2.11 There shall be no physical connection between a potable water supply

5.2.12 No portion of a sewer system and no discharge from a sewer system

The sewer piping crossing a potable

pipe and both ends of that sewer pipe

3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)

Joint Sewer Line Joint

b) The sewer piping shall be encased in a concrete encasement for a

The sewer piping shall be encased in a

< 300 mm (12 inches)

3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)

Joint Sewer Line Joint

Plastic pipes such as RTR piping and fittings shall be

c) The sewer line shall be encased in a sealed casing of either PVC or

The sewer piping shall be encased in a

3 m (10 ft) 3 m (10 ft)

Joint Sewer Line Joint

Steel Sewer Pipe

5.2.16 Manholes shall be constructed of either a nonmetallic material (such as

per 12-SAMSS-024, or concrete. Manholes shall be tested in accordance

5.2.17 Concrete manholes shall be coated internally with APCS-2E per

5.2.18 Steel reinforcing bars in concrete shall be epoxy coated per

5.2.19 Bottom of a manhole shall have concrete benching, which must be