12/26/21, 11:49 PM Control and coordination-nervous system - Class 10, Control and coordination

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Control and coordination-nervous system

Last Updated on March 20, 2019 By Mrs Shilpi Nagpal — Leave a Comment

Question 1 Define the term stimuli?

Question 2 Define the term coordination?

Question 3 What are neurons?

Question 4 Explain the structure of neuron?

Question 5 What is the function of nervous system?

Question 6 What is synapses?

Control and coordination

The change in environment to which organism respond and react is called stimuli.

The environmental factors such as heat,light,cold,touch,taste,smell,force of gravity etc act

as a stimuli to induce response and reaction in living organism.

The working together of different organs of a body of an organism in a proper manner to

produce proper reaction to a stimulus is called coordination.

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12/26/21, 11:49 PM Control and coordination-nervous system - Class 10, Control and coordination

For proper control and coordination there are 2 systems:

1)Nervous System

2)Endocrine system

Nervous System

The nervous system is composed of specialised cells called neurons which exercise control
by sending electrical signals called nerve impulses.

Nerve cell or neurons are the structural and functional unit of nervous system.

Structure of neuron

1)Cell Body:The cell body is also called as cyton.It has abundant cytoplasm called
neuroplasm and spherical nucleus,mitochondria,neurotubules,neurofibrils.

2)Dendrites:There are several short branches stretching out from cell body.They conduct
nerve impulses towards cell body.

3)Axon:It is a single,very long cylindrical fibre arising from cell body.They conduct nerve
impulses away from cell body.They have an insulating and protective sheath of myelin
around it.

The neurons lie end-to-end in chains to transmit nerve impulses.Each neuron receives an
impulse through its dendrites and passes it on the next neuron in the chain through axon
via cell body.

There occurs a very minute gap between terminal portion of axon of one neuron and
dendrite of other neuron. This gap is called synapse.The synapse act as a one-way valve to
conduct impulse in one direction only.This is because a chemical substance called
neurotransmitter is secreted only on one side of gap ie axon’s side.

Filed Under: Class 10, Control and coordination

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12/26/21, 11:49 PM Control and coordination-nervous system - Class 10, Control and coordination

Tagged With: axon, cell body, coordination, cyton, dendrites, nerve cell, nerve impulse, nervous System,
neuron, neuroplasm, stimuli, synapse

About Mrs Shilpi Nagpal

Author of this website, Mrs Shilpi Nagpal is MSc (Hons, Chemistry)
and BSc (Hons, Chemistry) from Delhi University, B.Ed (I. P.
University) and has many years of experience in teaching. She has started this
educational website with the mindset of spreading Free Education to everyone.

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