TOPIC 7: RESPIRATION, MUSCLES AND THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 7B: Muscles, movement and the heart

1 Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(1)
1 Bone can resist strong compression forces.
2 Intervertebral discs are made of hyaline cartilage.
3 Tendons contain collagen and join muscles to bones.

A 1 and 2 only
B 1 and 3 only
C 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3

Your answer
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

2 (a) Identify two places in the body where you would find white fibrous cartilage.
(2)
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(b) Describe how the biceps and triceps muscles work to bend and straighten
the forearm.
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(c) Explain why muscles need a good blood supply.

(2)

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(Total for Question 2 = 7 marks)

3 Describe the roles of calcium ions and the sarcoplasmic reticulum during
contraction of skeletal muscles.
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(Total for Question 3 = 5 marks)

4 The graph shows the oxygen dissociation curves for myoglobin and
haemoglobin.

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 (a) Explain the differences in the shape of the curves for myoglobin and
haemoglobin.
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This document may have been altered from the original.
 (b) After a run, athletes continue to breathe faster and deeper to repay their
oxygen debt. This involves reoxygenating the myoglobin.
Explain, using information from the graph, how the myoglobin is
reoxygenated.
(2)
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(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

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This document may have been altered from the original.