Chapter II

Methods and Procedure

This chapter presents the strategy or intervention to be used research instrument sources of

data, data gathering procedure and tools for data analysis.

The Strategy or Intervention

This action research will be conducted in Mariano Marcos State University – Laboratory

Elementary School (LES), Laoag Campus specifically with Grade 4 pupils as respondents.

We will enhance the academic performance of Grade 4 pupils through the activities and

examination align in the Depth of Knowledge (DoK) technique which will be prepared by us and will

be evaluated by our adviser. Recall, skill/concept, strategic thinking, and extended thinking are the

levels of thinking to be enhanced as these thinking skills are important to their academic performance.

DoK 4

DoK 3
Extended
Thinking
DoK 2
Strategic
Thinking
DoK 1
Skills and
Concepts

Recall

Figure 1. The flow chart of the Depth of Knowledge (DoK) technique.

The Depth of Knowledege (DoK) Technique activities which will be included in this study to

ehnahnce the academic performance among the pupils are the following:

DoK 1. Recall
 Timeline. A timeline graphic organizer will be presented to the pupils. The pupils will have to

fill out the needed information of the timeline graphic organizer by recalling their previous lesson.

Web map. The pupils will have to answer the question shown in the web map about their

previous lesson.

DoK 2. Skills and Concepts

Pick a Number. There are questions hidden in a box and then pupils will give a number. The

number that corresponds to the box has a question to be answered.

DoK 3. Strategic Thinking.

Debate. An argumentative question will be shown then pupils will share their opinions or

stands about the given question.

DoK 4. Extended Thinking

Essay. Pupils will explain the implications or impact of their lesson to their real-life situation.

Depth of Knowledge (DoK) Technique Intervention

Spin the Wheel. The teacher will read the question first then he/she will spin the wheel which

contains the names of the pupils. After it, the name that has been called will be the one to answer the

question.

Sources of Data

Grade 4 pupils will be the respondents of this action research. We will employ Purposive-

Total Population sampling in selecting the respondents’ of the study from the whole population of

MMSU- Laboratory Elementary School. Glen (2018) defined total population sampling as “a type of
purposive sampling where the whole population of interest is studied.” The respondents’ age range 9-

10 years old.

Table 1. Total number of Respondents

Grade Level and Section Total Number of Pupils

Grade 4 - Matiyaga 23
Grade 4 - Magalang 24
Total 47

Table 1 presents the total number of respondents in this study. It can be shown from the table

that grade 4 is composed of 2 sections: Matiyaga and Magalang. Thus, there are 47 respondents that

will be involved in this study.

Data Gathering Procedure

In conducting our action research, we will be guided by the following:

Acquiring permission from the school officials. We will request permission from the cooperating

school. Then, we will coordinate with the adviser/teacher of Araling Panlipunan of the Grade 4 pupils

about the pre-test and posttest, and the activities and strategies in Depth of Knowledge (DoK)

technique intervention which will be conducted.

Administering the pre-test. We will administer first the pre-test to the Grade 4 pupils. A 30-item

pretest will be administered to evaluate the academic performance of pupils in Araling Panlipunan.

Conducting the teaching intervention. We will conduct the intervention using Depth of Knowledge

(DoK) technique for 1 month.. Activities and strategies under the Depth of Knowledge (DoK)

technique intervention will be used in enhancing the academic performance of Grade 4 pupils in

Araling Panlipunan. We will facilitate the pupils on the aforementioned intervention prepared to

improve their academic performance in the said subject. We will use the Depth of Knowledge (DoK)

technique in teaching Araling Panlipunan, wherein the lesson will be discussed first then after that

pupils will do the different activities.

Administering the post comprehension test. We will administer the posttest to the Grade 4 pupils

after conducting 1 month of intervention.

Recording and Tabulating of Scores in Pre-Test and Posttest. The scores of the pupils will be

checked and statistically recorded.

Recording
Acquiring
Conducting Administeri and
permission Administeri
the teaching ng the post Tabulating
from the ng the pre-
intervention comprehens of Scores in
school test
ion test Pre-Test
officials
and Posttest

Figure 2. The flowchart of the data gathering procedure.

Data Analysis

After gathering the scores in test, we will analyze the data through the use of

statistical tools such as frequency count, mean and weighted mean.

We will interpret the scores using the following range of interval point scores for the

pre-test and posttest:

Range Interval Descriptive Interpretation

25-30 Outstanding

19-24 Very Satisfactory

13-18 Satisfactory

7-12 Fair

0-6 Poor