DESIGN OF TWO LANE - BRIDGE AT Ch.46.

50 Km of MRBC
Clear Span = 5.70 m Loading = IRC Class AA - Tracked (70 R Tonne)
Eff. Span (L) = 6.15 m Ratio of K = L' / L = 8.45 ÷ 6.15 = 1.37
Overall width of deck slab (L') = 8.45 m
Overall length of deck slab = 6.95 m From Table :- K = 2.80
Bearing for slab= 0.40 m
Thickness of deck slab = 0.50 m 15 20.68 %
Impact Factor = 10 + 9 - 6.15 =
Effective Cover = 4 cm (9-5)
Main Reinforcement dia = 20 mm
Dist. Bar diameter = 12 mm
Dia of Top bars = 10 mm
Grade of Cocrete = M25
Safe Stress in Steel (t)
For Main Reinf. = 2000 Kg / Sq cm
For Dsitri. Reinf. = 2000 Kg / Sq cm

Live Load :- 70 T
3.75

x=3.075 x= 0.775
6.15 m

Effective Length of Load =

3.60 + 2 x 0.50 + 0.08 = 4.76 m 0.85

0.075
Dispersion Width be = 1.00
2.80 x 3.075 [1-( 3.075 ÷ 6.55 )] + 1.00 = 5.305 m bw = 0.85 + 2 x 0.075

Effective Width =
2.10 + 2.05 + ( 5.305 ÷ 2 ) = 6.802 m 0.20 0.227
1.20
0.85 0.85
Intensity of Loading = 0.05
1.20
[ 70 x 1000 x (1 + 0.20 ) ] = 2594 Kg / sqm
6.802 x 4.76
x 2.10 2.05
2594 Kg / sqm
4.76 C = 0.05+0.2+0.225+1.2+0.425
= 2.10
A B
x= 0.675 x x= 0.675
6.15
Ra= 6174 Rb= 6174

6.15 4.76 2
Therefore Max. BM due to Live Load = 6174 x
2 - 2594 x
8
= 11638 Kg-m

Reaction for Abutment / Pier = 7423 + 0 = 7423 Kg / m

Dead Load :-
Slab = 0.50 x 2500 = 1250 Kg / Sqm
WC = 0.075 x 2500 = 187.5 Kg / Sqm
Ker & Parapet = = 200.0 Kg / Sqm
Total = 1637.5 Kg / Sqm
Say 1640 Kg / Sqm

1640 x 6.15 2
BM due to Dead Load = = 7754 Kg-m
8
 Total BM = LL BM + DL BM = 11638 + 7754 = 19392 Kg-m

For M25 grade of Concrete : For Main Reinforcement :- MRt = 11.05 j= 0.902 tt= 2000
For Distri. Reinforcement :- MRa = 11.05 j= 0.902 ta= 2000

19392
Effective depth d = = 41.89 cm < 46 cm Hence O.K.
11.05

19392 x 100
Reqd. Area of Main Reinf. = = 23 Sq cm
2000 x 0.902 x 46

Provide main reinforcement of 20 mm at 13 cm c / c

Actual Area of Main reinf. provided = 24.17 > 23 Sqcm

BM for Distribution Reinf. = 0.3 x LL BM + 0.20 x DL BM =

= 0.3 x 11638 + 0.2 x 7754 = 5042 Kg-m

Reqd. Area of Distribution Reinf. = 5042 x 100

= 6.07 Sq cm
2000 x 0.902 x 46

0.08 x 50 x 100
Min. Area of Distribution Reinf. = = 4.0 Sq cm
100

Provide Dist. reinforcement of 12 mm at 18 cm c / c

Actual Area of Dist. reinf provided = 6.28 > 6.07 Sqcm

Design of Abutment

2640 6.15 12466

1 Vertical Reaction (V) = 7423 + x = Kg
2
2 Longitudinal Force (H)
(a) Breaking Force = 0.2 x 70000 ÷ 8.45 = 1657 Kg
(b) Tractive Force = 0.15 x 12466 = 1870 Kg
Total Longitudinal Force (H) acting at Bearing level = 3527 Kg

Design of Pier

a) Dead load = 1640 x 6.95 x 8.45 = 96313 Kgs

b) Live load = 7423 x 8.45 = 62726 Kgs
159038 Kgs
Particulars of Halla / Canal

Canal :- Top Width in mts. = 13.10 Foundation Strata = Gravelly soil

Bed Width in mts = 6.00 Clear road way in mts = 7.50 m
Depth of Cut in mts = 2.10 Over all width in mts = 8.45 m
Depth of Water in mts = 1.40 Free Board = 0.70 m

13.90
Approach Slab
WC

13.10 0.50 M25

3.5 m 3.5 m
M20 30 5.70 Variable 0.40 40 40
12.30

0.6 1.60
M 15
6.00
0.70
30 M 10

20
22.5 27.5 Wearing Coat = M25 CC 20 mm D /S metal
77 5
750 Deck Slab = M25 CC 20 mm D /S metal
M20 0.45 Abutment = M15 CC 40 mm D /S with 5 Kg / Sqm steel
Padding = M10 CC 40 mm D/S metal
M15 Approach Slab = M15 CC 20 mm D/S metal
845 3.5 m length with 12 mm dia 15 cms C / C
Both ways Top and Bottom Mesh

M10 30
ABUTMENT
Reinforcement details of Road Bridge
(d) (c)
40 6.95
(e)
50
50
(f)
40 (g)
5.70
30

30
(a) (b)
Dirt Wall and Bearing Slab Cross section of Deck Slab

Bar Bending Schedule

For Deck Slab
Lengt
Sl. Size Spacing h Total Unit
Bar Nos. Sketch Qty
No. mm cms mts length Wt.
1 (a) 20 26 33 7.27 20 20 239.91 2.46 591
687
57 37 37 57
2 (b) 20 26 32 7.87 20 20 251.84 2.46 620
57 509

3 (c) 10 26 33 7.27 20 687 20 239.91 0.62 149

4 (d) 12 18 2 x 32 8.57 10 837 10 548.5 0.89 486

For Dirt Wall & Bearing Slab

5 (e) 12 15 1 x 18 8.57 10 837 10 154.3 0.89 137

6 (f) 12 18 1 x 48 2.18 104.64 0.89 94

77

32
72
7 (g) 12 18 1 x 48 2.03 22 97.44 0.89 86
Total Weight of Steel in Kgs = 2163
1 Steel for Deck slab,Dirt wall & Bearing Slab = 22x x 2163 = 4326
2 Steel for Pier, Pier cap & Footing = 865
3 Steel for abutment at 5 Kg / Sqm 500
4 Steel for Approach Slab, Parapet, kerbs, returns etc., 1800
Total Weight of Steel in Kgs = 7491
Say 7.60 M.T.
Note:-
1 The approach Slabs are of M15 CC, 20 mm D/S, 15 cms thick, with reinforcement of
12 mm dia bars at 15 cm c /c bothways both at top and bottom as mesh.
2 The Abutments / Returns are of M15 CC 40 mm D/S with surface steel of 5 Kg / Sq m.
(Main bars of 12 mm dia at 25 cms C/C and Distribution bars of 8 mm dia at 25 cms C/C)
3 Reinforcement shall be of HYSD bars confirming to latest IS code
4 Laps shall be avoided at the centre of the span.
5 Lap length shall be 55 times the diameter and it shall be staggred.
6 The details shown in the schedule are typical and one set of bars are to be bent and
examined for their suitability at site.
Pier cap design:-
DATA:
18821 Kg/m
8.45m

0.20 m
0.40 m
1.48m 5.50m

Width of Deck slab 8.45 m

Wt from slab = 1 x 18221 = 18221 Kg / m
or 18.22 T/m
tan 0.40
=0.27
1.48
Width of pier cap = 0.80 m
Self weight of cap (cantilever portion):-
1)Uniform section = 1.48 x 0.80 x 0.20 x 2500 = 590 Kg

2)Taper section =1.48x1/2 x 0.80 x 0.40 x 2500 = 590 Kg

1180 Kg
Moments:-
1) Due to DL+LL= 18221 x ( 1.48 )2= 19956 Kg-m
2
2)Due to uniform 590 x ( 1.48 ) = 435 Kg-m
section of self 2

3)Due to Taper 590x( 1.48 ) = 290 Kg-m

section of self 3
Total Moment= 20681 Kg-m

2
For M 25 CC t= 2000 Kg / m
2
C= 83.33 Kg / m
Q= 11.050
j= 0.902 m

20681 x 1000
de required= =48.36cms < 55.0 cms
11.05 x 0.8

20681x 100
Ast= = 19.01 Sqcms
2000 x 0.902 x 55

minimum reinforcement As = 0.85

bd fy

Check for minimum steel in beams = 0.20 x 0.80 x 0.60 = 9.60 Sqcms
100
 Provide 4 Nos. 25.00 Tor at top = 19.63 Sqcms > 19.01 Sqcms
Provide 4 Nos. 12.00 Tor at bottom

Shear force= 18221 x 1.48 = 26967 Kg

1180.0 Kg
28147 Kg

V+ M tanβ
τv= d from IS 456 B-5.1.1 Page 84
bd

28147 x + ( ( 20681 x 100 ) / 55 ) x 0.27 = 8.79 kg / sqcm

80.00x 55.00
or = 4.10 kg / sqcm

100 x As 100 x 19.63

p= = = 0.446
bd 80 x 55

For p = 0.446 from table 23 of IS 456 Page 84

2 2
c= 0.294 N / mm or 2.94 Kg / cm

Shear taken by concrete = 2.94 x 80 x 55 = 12936 kg

Balance Shear = 28147 - 12936 = 15211 Kg

Spacing of 12 mm dia. 2 legged stirrups = 2 x 1.131 x 55 x 1750

15211
= 18.01 cms c/c

Minimum spacing for shear reinf: Asv = 0.4 b Sv / 0.87fy

Sv = 255.21 mm or 25.52 cms c / c

Min. Spacing for shear reinf. Based on effective depth = 0.75 x d

= 0.75 x 60 = 45.00 cms c / c

Hence, Provide 12 mm diameter, 2 legged stirrups at 17.00 cms c /c

Design of Pier
Data :-
80
Depth of Pier Cap = 0.60 m 20
Depth at end of pier cap = 0.20 m 40
central length of Pier = 5.50 m
cantiliver length = 1.48 m
width pf pier cap= 0.80 m
32.
Cap Concrete Density = 2500 Kg / m
Pier Height = 2.10m 60 210
Pier width = 0.60 m
Footing offset = 0.075 m CBL
Footing 1st step depth= 0.20 m 70 7.5
Footing 2nd step depth= 0.20 m
Footing Width = 1.90 m 20
Footing length = 6.95 m 20
3
Pier concrete density = 2400 Kg / m 20
3
Footing concrete density= 2400 Kg / m
Thickness of Padding = 0.20 m 190
Grade of concrete for Pier M15 75

Grade of concrete for Pier footing M15

550
565

695
60
Loads:-
1) Load from Deck slab = 159038 Kg

2) Weight of Pier Cap

0.60 x 5.50 x 0.80 x 2500 = 6600 Kg Note : All dimensions are in Cms

2.95 x 0.40 x 0.80 x 2500 = 2360 Kg

3) Weight of Pier
2.10 x 5.500 x 0.60 x 2400 16632 Kg
=
Total load on footing = 184630 Kg

Area of Pier required (Ac)= 184630 = 4615.75 cm 2

40

2
Area of Pier provided = 550 x 60 = 33000 cm
Hence OK

2
At required @ 0.8% of c/s= 0.8 x 3991 = 31.93 cm
100
Min. steel @ 0.3% of C/sec
2
0.3 x 33000 = 99.00 cm
100
Provide pier reinforcement of 16 mm dia at 19 cm c / c on both faces
Provide a distribution steel of 10 mm dia at 18 cm c / c

2 2
Area of main Steel Provided = 120.43 cm > 99.00 cm

2 2
Area of Dist. Steel Provided = 8.73 cm > 7.20 cm
2
(min steel of 0.12 % cross section) cm
Pier Footing :-
Loads:-
1) Load from Pier = 182967 Kg
2) Weight of Footing =
5.65 x 0.75 + 1.90 x 6.95
x 0.20 x 2400
2
+ 1.90 x 6.95 x 0.20 x 2400 10525 Kg
Total load on ground = 193492 Kg

193492
Pressure at base = = 14652 Kg / m2
1.90 x 6.95

14652 x 0.65 2
BM for footing = = 3095 Kg-m
2

For M15 Concrete MR= 4.67 t= 2000 Kg / m

2
j= 0.933

Effective depth required (d) = 3095

= 25.74 cms < 40 cms (footing depth)
304.67

3095 x 100
Area of steel reqd. (At) = = 5.52 cm 2
2000 x 0.933 x 30

Min. Area of steel reqd. = 0.12

x 40 x 100 = 4.80 cm 2
100

Provide 12 mm dia at 20 cm c /c both ways

Area of Steel provided = 5.65 cm 2 > 5.52 cm 2

Pressure on foundation strata

182967 + 1.90 x 6.95 x 0.20 x 2300
= 14315 Kg / m2
1.90 x 6.95
may be allowed on hard gravel
Reinforcement details of Pier & Footing
x
845 (h) 80
20

60
40
550 (i) (j)
x (i1)

210
80 (k)
60

Pier cap X-X (o)

(n)
20
Bar Bending Schedule (l) 20
For Deck Slab 190 (m)
Total Unit
Sl. Size Spacing Length length Wt. Qty
Bar Nos. Sketch
No. mm cms mts m Kg Kg
Pier cap
1 (h) 25 4 8.57 10 837 10 34.3 3.85 132

2 (i) 12 4 8.65 10 148 147.5 10 34.6 0.89 31

550
72
3 (i1) 12 17 50 2.63 52 131.5 0.89 117
(At centre)
Pier
300

3 (j) 16 19 2 x25 3.60 180.0 1.58 285

30

542
4 (k) 10 18 14 12.03 52 168.42 0.62 105
Footing
5 (l) 12 20 36 2.20 20 180 20 79.2 0.89 70

6 (m) 12 20 10 7.25 20 685 20 72.5 0.89 64

75 59
7 (n) 8 20 35 2.22 15 15 77.7 0.39 31

550 59
8 (o) 8 20 11 6.67 73.4 0.39 29
15 15

Total Weight of Steel for one pier & footing in Kgs = 865
 STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ABUTMENT:---
DATA:----- Height abutment (in mts):--- (Ha) 2.40 m
Top width of abutment(in mts):----- A= 0.40 m
B= 0.40 m
Dirt wall depth :----------- C= 0.30 m
Bottom width of abutment(in mts):----- X= 0.000 m
Y= 1.200 m
Depth of abutment above FSD (in mts) :----- 0.30 m
Depth of abutment below CBL (in mts):--- Z= 0.70 m
Depth of slab(in mts):------ 0.500 m
Thickness of bed concrete(in mts):---- 0.30 m
Offset of bed concrete(in mts):----- 0.30 m
Vertical reaction (in Kgs):---- 12466 Kgs
Horizontal reaction (in Kgs) ------- 3527 Kgs
3
A= 0.40 m Density of material used for abutment(in Kg/m3):---- 2400 Kg/m
Density of soil(in Kg/m3):---- 2080 Kg/m
3

B= 0.40 m

V
0.50 m
5 H
6 0.30 m

Ha= 2.40 m
7
Ep 2 3
CBL
4 0.70 m
1 0.30 m
A
0.80

1.20

(A+B) Y
2.00 m
2.60 m
SL. V H LA M+ M-
No. Particulars (Kgs) (mts) (in mts) (Kg-m) (Kg-m)
1 0.30 X 2.60 X 2300 1794.00 1.300 2332.20
2 0.800 X 2.40 X 2400 4608.00 0.700 3225.60
3 0.5 X 1.20 X 1.70 X 2400 2448.00 1.500 3671.90
4 1.20 X 0.70 X 2400 2016.00 1.700 3427.20
5 0.400 X 0.800 X 2500 800.00 0.500 400.00
6 0.400 X 0.30 X 2500 300.00 0.900 270.00
7 0.300 X 3.200 X 2080 1996.80 0.150 299.52
10 Vertical reaction V 12466.00 0.900 11219.40
11 Horizontal reaction H 3527.00 3.000 10581.00
12 Earth Pressure(Ep)
0.3333 X 0.5 X 2080 X 3.500 X 3.500 4246.24 1.167 4953.95
26428.80 1.528 40380.77

S M = 40380.77

S M 40380.77
X = = = 1.528 m
S V 26428.80
b 2.60 b
e = - X = - 1.528 = 0.228 m But = 0.433 m
2 2 6
b
ie., e < Hence o.k.
6
Pmax S V 6X e
= 1 +
(or) Pmin b b

26428.80 6X 0.228
= 1 +
2.60 2.60
Pmax = 15511 Kg/m2 Both are compressive. Hence o.k.
Pmin = 4819 Kg/m2