Wind Load calculations as per ASCE 7-10:

→ Wind velocity pressure

2
qZ = 0.613 x KZ x KZt x Kd x V (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 27.3.2)
where,
KZ = Velocity pressure coefficient (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 27.3.1)
(Refer Table below - Varies with height)

KZt = Topographic factor (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.8.2)

1
Kd = Wind directionality factor (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.6)
0.85
V = Basic Wind speed (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.5.6)
51 m/s
Exposure = C
(Choose Exposure from drop down)
Wind velocity pressure values
Kz - Refer ASCE 7-10, Table 27.3-1
z (m) KZ qZ (kN/m2) z (m) KZ qZ (kN/m2)
0 to 4.6 0.85 1.152 36.6 1.31 1.776
6.1 0.9 1.22 42.7 1.36 1.844
7.6 0.94 1.274 48.8 1.39 1.884
9.1 0.98 1.329 54.9 1.43 1.939
12.2 1.04 1.41 61 1.46 1.979
15.2 1.09 1.478 76.2 1.53 2.074
18 1.13 1.532 91.4 1.59 2.155
21.3 1.17 1.586 106.7 1.64 2.223
24.4 1.21 1.64 121.9 1.69 2.291
27.4 1.24 1.681 137.2 1.73 2.345
30.5 1.26 1.708 152.4 1.77 2.399

I Wind Force on Structure

P = qZ x G x Cf x AS kN
where,
G = Gust factor (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 29.5)
0.85
Cf = Force Coefficient (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.9)
= 1.8
AS = Projectecd area
NOTE :- Wind Force on Structure is generated through Wind Definition in Staad Pro
II Wind Force on Pipes (Transverse)

PP = F x qz x S

F = Factor based on Piperack span

Piperack Span
L = Up to 4m
Portal Spacing
S = 6

PP = 1.25 x qz x 6

III Wind Force on Pipes (Longitudinal) (To be Confirmed)

PP = F x qz x S x Cd

Cd = Longitudinal pipe wind drag Coefficient

= 0.1 (As per Section 4.2.6 of " Wind load & Anchor bolt design for
petrochemical Facilities")
PP = 1.25 x qz x 6 x 0.1

IV Wind calculations for Telecom Tower

Force Coefficient Cf

Ae = 29.893
Ag = 122.43
ϵ = 0.25
Tower C/S = Square
Cf = 2.78

Gust Factor G

n1 = 8.25 Hz
Structure = Rigid Structure
Gust Factor,
G =  1  1 .7 g Q I z Q  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-6)
0 .925  
 1  1 .7 g V I 
where,  z 

gQ = Peak factor for Background response (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.9.4)
= 3.4
gV = Peak factor for Velocity response (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.9.4)
= 3.4
IZ = Intensity of turbulence at height ż
16
=  10  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-7)
c 
 z 
Q = 1 (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-8)
0 . 63
Bh
1  0 . 63  
 L 
 Z 

c = Turbulence Intensity Factor

= 0.2 (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
z = Equivalent height of Structure
= 0.6h > zmin
h = Height of Structure
= 40 m
zmin = 4.57 m (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
B = Width of Structure
= 4 m
LZ = Integral length scale of turbulence at integral height
=  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-9)
 z 
l  
 10 
l = 152.4 m (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
 = 0.2 (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)

Therefore,
z = 24 m

IZ = 0.173

LZ = 181.57 m

Q = 0.892

G = 0.876
TELECOM TOWER

Force Coefficient Cf

Ae = 0.25
Ag = 1.1
ϵ = 0.23
Tower C/S = Square
Cf = 2.86

Gust Factor G

n1 = 8.25 Hz
Structure = Rigid Structure

Gust Factor,
G =  1  1 .7 g Q I z Q  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-6)
0 .925  
 1  1 .7 g V I 
 z 
where,
gQ = Peak factor for Background response (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.9.4)
= 3.4
gV = Peak factor for Velocity response (Refer ASCE 7-10, Section 26.9.4)
= 3.4
= Intensity of turbulence at height ż
16
IZ =  10  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-7)
c 
 z 
Q = 1 (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-8)
0 . 63
Bh
1  0 . 63  
 L 
 Z 

c = Turbulence Intensity Factor

= 0.2 (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
z = Equivalent height of Structure
= 0.6h > zmin
h = Height of Structure
= 40 m
zmin = 4.57 m (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
B = Width of Structure
= 4 m
LZ = Integral length scale of turbulence at integral height
=  (Refer ASCE 7-10, Equation 26.9-9)
 z 
l  
 10 
l = 152.4 m (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
 = 0.2 (Refer ASCE 7-10,Table 26.9-1)
Therefore,
z = 24 m

IZ = 0.173

LZ = 181.57 m

Q = 0.892

G = 0.876
 Tower C/S
Square
Triangle

Assumptions

1 Exposure category for wind calculations not available - Considered Category 'C'
2 In the absence of sufficient data Kzt is considered as 1 as per ASCE 7-10
3 In the combinations the Factors for Wind have been considered as per ASCE 7-05 as th

uation 26.9-6)

ction 26.9.4)

ction 26.9.4)

uation 26.9-7)

uation 26.9-8)

uation 26.9-9)
 Considered Category 'C'
as per ASCE 7-10
nsidered as per ASCE 7-05 as the combinations in ASCE 7-10 is based on wind data applicable only for American subcontinent
can subcontinent
Queries:
1 Wind: Exposure category for wind calculations not available - Considered Category 'C'
2 Wind: Wind on Pipes: the distribution given takes care of projected pipe area and force coefficient for pipes?
3 Wind: Wind to be considered along the longitudinal direction @10% of Tributary area?
4 Wind: In the combinations the Factors for Wind have been considered as per ASCE 7-05 as the combinations in ASC
5 Friction: Thermal friction provided shall be for Local check and 10% to be considered for global friction?
6 Test condition: Design criteria says, 2.5kN/sq.m for <300mm diameter and for the rest as provided.
As one line is tested once and the remaining lines are empty, only test load of the largest line shall be considered
7 Temperature load not considered
8 Seismic: Soil profile type required (Load combinations depend on the same), assumed Sd
ce coefficient for pipes?

05 as the combinations in ASCE 7-10 is based on wind data applicable only for American subcontinent
for global friction?
t as provided.
gest line shall be considered