Unit 1 – Design Principles and Application

for Construction and the Built Environment

Lecture 10 -
Intelligent Buildings

Contents

Building Intelligence

Intelligent and Green

IB at Work

IB at Home

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Building Intelligence

Intelligent building (IB)

first coined in USA in early 1980s
its definition/model is evolving
automated buildings (1981-85)
responsive buildings (1986-91)
effective buildings (1992-)
development of IB
closely linked with computers and information
technology (IT)
but, IB  high-tech building

Building Intelligence

Major IB features
automatic reactions (adjust internal conditions)
effective communication & IT management
responsiveness to changes
Integrated pyramid
single function/dedicated systems
multifunctional systems
integrated systems
computer integrated building

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Building Intelligence

IB in Europe study

IB “… provides a responsive, effective and
supportive intelligent environment within which
the organization can achieve its business
objectives.” -- DEGW (1992)
3 main goals:
building management
space management
business management

Building Intelligence

“An intelligent building is one that doesn't

make the occupants look stupid.”
maximizes the efficiency of its occupants and
allows effective management of resource with
minimum life costs
more responsive to user needs and has the ability
to adapt to new technology or changes in the
organizational structures

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 Goals:
- building management
- space management
- business management
Goals:
- minimise environmental impact
- use resource efficiently
- be ecologically sound
- ensure healthy environment

Intelligent Green
Building Building
(IB) (GB)

Information Environmental
- building life cycle
Technology - efficient building systems Sustainability
- effective management & use
- integration

Intelligent and Green

Key issues for intelligent buildings

site (access, local amenities, car parking)
shell (thermal strategy, structure, floor layout)
skin (services strategy, solar control)
building services (HVAC, small power, cabling)
information technology (communication, space
management, network)
Criteria: business value/benfits, efficiency and
effectiveness

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Intelligent and Green

Common objectives
responsive (to user needs / to climate)
efficient (building design & systems)
effective (operation & management)
better integration (with IT & within systems)
Trends
smart buildings and Internet connectivity
sustainability in business (quantifying the benefits)

?
Smart Car Smart & Green Building
- light & compact - energy efficient
- low-drag design - use renewable energy
- fuel efficient - green building materials
- low emission - low environmental impact
- 95% recyclable - responsive to climate/site
- efficient accessories - responsive to user needs
- friendly factory - healthy environment

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 Making cars like we build houses?

IB@Work

Office space and commercial buildings

speculative offices (USA or European)
organizational/functional requirements
impact of IT and business strategy
Major systems
building automation system (BAS)
office automation system (OAS)
communication automation system (CAS)

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IB@Work

Typical features
building control & energy management
lighting management
addressable fire alarm
structured cabling
voice/data/image communication
office automation
facility management & CAD system
multi-function cardkeys

Components
of a energy
management
system (EMS)
with direct
digital control
(DDC)

7
 ‘LonMark’

Protocols

‘BACnet’

Modern building automation systems

Integration controls network from different buildings

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IB@Work

Current and future development

new ways of working
more interaction
more collaboration (physically or electronically)
more individual autonomy
new patterns of space use
more group spaces
more shared spaces
more space for concentration
more intermittent space use

Future office space (intelligent? green?)

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IB@Home

Present technology
phones and intercoms
home automation
audio distribution (e.g. hi-fi speaker)
video distribution (e.g. TV)
video surveillance (e.g. security)
structured wiring
home theater, game station

IB@Home

Future home
home networking
Internet appliances
webcam, web phones
e-books, video walls
home office
virtual clinic/hospital
……

10
 House_n: MIT Home of the Future
(http://architecture.mit.edu/house_n/)

‘Slinky House’ - Winning entry, Home of the Future

architectural design competition, Museum Victoria

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‘Vegetal Houses’ - Honourable mention, Home of the Future
architectural design competition, Museum Victoria

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