CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES AND CONCEPTUAL

FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents a review of related literature and related studies useful

in the understanding and development of this study.

RELATED LITERATURE

Teaching practices using Technology

Innovative and basic reasoning is one of the delicate ability traits expected

of planned alumni or students. For one to take an interest adequately in their

working and social condition, considers have shown that students' should be

presented to an assortment of learning styles, techniques and basic reasoning

aptitudes. Expands ones' capability to be innovative, basic and valuable scholars

esteemed essential for country building and future human capital needs. By

distinguishing their learning procedures, a familiarity with the best styles and

techniques can be extemporized best fit every person. Such mindfulness make

swells in the showing learning style of educators. The absence of such

understanding outcomes in a gigantic misfortune to distinguishing and adjusting

the student's capability to meet future human capital needs (Bhattacharyya E.

et .al 2013)

The point of this investigation was to survey Iranian secondary school

understudies' mentalities towards learning English as an unknown dialect in

CALL. Forty-two Iranian secondary school understudies partook in the

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examination. They finished mentalities towards CALL (A-CALL) survey before the

investigation. At that point they were approached to do some PC based

exercises planned by the educator for one exercise of their English book. Toward

the finish of the investigation, their mentalities towards CALL were rethought

utilizing A-CALL poll. The outcomes uncovered a critical distinction between

understudies' frames of mind when the investigation (Rahini M. et.al 2010)

The utilization of innovation for instructing and learning is currently far

reaching, yet its instructive adequacy is as yet open to address. This blended

technique study investigates instructive practices with innovation in advanced

education. It inspects what types of proof (assuming any) have affected

educators' practices. It contains a writing survey, a poll and meetings. A system

was utilized to break down a wide scope of writing. Discoveries recommend that

proof has fractional impact upon training with professionals wanting to counsel

associates and scholarly engineers. The examination underscored the trouble in

characterizing and assessing proof, featuring ontological and epistemological

issues. The scholarly engineer's job gives off an impression of being key in

intervening proof for experts. (Prince, L. 2013)

With the development of data and correspondence innovation or ICT and

the development of enthusiasm for the utilization of the Internet for training,

educators are presently working in new online conditions. In accordance with this

circumstance, there is extraordinary requirement for instructor advancement in

the reconciliation of ICT into educating and learning exercises and in the

structure, usage and assessment of learning. In beneficial and reasonable

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manners, PC intervened correspondence (CMC) can assist educators with

building and apply their insight, team up in their learning with individual

instructors, and reflect on their study hall practice. CMC exercises utilized for a

PC helped language learning (CALL) course in a postgraduate program. It is

proposed that educator improvement can be successfully advanced by CMC with

intelligent correspondence, proficient coordinated effort and basic reflection in

arranged settings. (Bae Sa, J. 2002)

As innovation is progressively being utilized for instructing and learning in

advanced education, it is essential to investigate what substantial instructive

additions are being achieved. This study draws upon a basic investigation of

ongoing exploration writing concerning Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL). It

distributed records of TEL rehearses show proof of an academic way to deal with

college instructing. They contend that building up an all the more insightful

methodology among college educators is more fundamental than giving

specialized preparing if rehearses are to be improved to expand the adequacy of

TEL. (Kiskwood, A. 2013)

Technology use for teaching Accountancy Business Management (ABM)

While separation training programs are not new, upgraded capacities of

innovation and more noteworthy attention. Methods have joined to improve the

nature of separation training courses. The Internet is presently being broadly

used to encourage the separation instruction projects of numerous colleges. This

article looks at what has been gained from the endeavors of promoting

instructors to utilize the Internet in their educating and recognizes the issues that
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face advertising teachers. These issues incorporate accommodating one's

instructing style to such a course, planning course content, defeating the

absence of understudy PC abilities, and tending to staff remaining task at hand

and licensed innovation rights concerns. Proposals for tending to these issues

are featured. (Jones K. Et al, 2015)

This investigation means to tell apart and present various perspectives and

research discoveries on the key issue of teaching bookkeeping, globally. The

discoveries recommend that in spite of the accessibility of the previous showing

rehearses, understudies predominantly lean toward customized teacher-centered

strategies; likewise, suggest the previously mentioned practices as auxiliary

devices to the standard technique. These discoveries have evident for the

structure of bookkeeping course educational programs by proficient bodies or

potentially education Found actions to help graduates with meeting and befits the

requests for proficient competency advancement within the bookkeeping field.

(Dimitrios B. 2013)

Performance of Teachers using technology-teaching method

This investigation played out a meta-examination and research

combination of the impacts of incorporated cell phones in instructing and

learning, within which 110 exploratory and diary articles distributed during the

amount 1993–2013 they coded and broke down. By and huge, there was a

moderate mean impact size of 0.523 for the use of cell phones for training. The

impact sizes of mediator factors were dissected and therefore the points of

interest and disadvantages of versatile learning in various degrees of arbitrator

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factors were orchestrated obsessed with content investigations of individual

examinations. The aftereffects of this investigation and their suggestions for both

research and practice are examined. (ChienLiu, T. et al 2016)

The motivation behind this exploratory blended strategy study was to look

at how educator convictions they identified with innovation coordination

rehearses. They were keen on how and to what degree instructors' (a)

convictions about the concept of knowledge and learning, (b) convictions about

powerful methods for educating, and (c) innovation joining rehearses were

identified with each other. The members were twenty- two instructors who have

taken part during a four-year proficient improvement venture supported by the

U.S. Branch of Education. Explicit relations between instructors' convictions and

innovation reconciliation rehearses are exhibited. The suggestions for proficient

improvement and proposals for educator conviction change and innovation

combination are examined. (Chan, K. M. et al 2013)

Educator innovation competency anticipated by instructor receptiveness to

alter. Innovation joining was anticipated by instructor receptiveness to alter and

also level of innovation use with others. Educator resolve was anticipated by

proficient improvement and construct utilization of innovation. Innovation sway on

content procurement was anticipated by the standard of the initiative, educator

receptiveness to alter, and adversely impacted by instructor non-school PC use.

Innovation sway on higher request thinking aptitudes was anticipated by

instructor receptiveness to alter, the constructivist utilization of innovation, and

adversely stricken by the level of innovation use where understudies work alone.

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Suggestions for the appropriation and utilization of college advances are talked

about. (Baylor, A. et al 2002)

Technology Enhanced Learning Approaches (TELA)

The motivation behind this paper is to explore the viability of utilizing

innovation in improving learning by and huge and acquisition specifically. To do

this, an audit currently investigations in innovation upgraded learning with a

selected spotlight on innovation improved acquisition (TELL) was led. Critical

thinking collectively of the foremost noteworthy techniques in the acquisition was

additionally improved. As a rule, using innovation within the EFL/ESL setting

gave charming condition to understudies to find out English. These advantages

and results don't seem to be limited to a selected age and sexual orientation

gatherings. (Razavi, A. et al 2015)

Learning could be a basic piece of human correspondence and any

instructive framework. Right now, instruments and image frameworks assist in

giving legitimate phonetic images. Inside the extent of the examination, the

examinations somewhere within the range of 2003 and 2013 were researched

concerning three significant classifications in particular; exploratory, illustrative

and trial contemplates. Moreover, it was likewise expected to look at the past

writing surveys and discuss various jobs of innovation in learning. The

aftereffects of the examination show that the greater a part of the investigations

are graphic and there are restricted exploratory and configuration- based

research contemplates. Likewise, it's comprehended that there's an absence of

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the examinations on listening aptitudes, and cognizance through tuning in.

(Ghasemi et al 2014)

This examination could be a subjective report that contains two organized

polls with 12 language instructor applicants and 10 youthful students from a

state primary school. So, on break down language instructor up-and-comers'

perspective on language mindfulness through innovation, 6 inquiries

were founded for them and 6 inquiries were additionally arranged for youthful

students' thoughts. Two organized surveys were analyzed by 2 specialists within

the field of language instructing. After the examination application, educator

applicants referenced that innovation-based games, animation movies, sites and

a few social destinations for kids influence youthful students and expanded their

language and social mindfulness and youthful students clarified that English

exercises may well be simple and charming when the instructors use innovation

outside the study hall. (Elsevier 2015)

This examination includes the current writing instructor innovation joining

with an examination concerning five starting educators' innovation use within

the language homeroom in their initial two profession passage years. The

examination likewise finds that the educators' creating comprehension of

innovation use interlaced with their development showing competency and

character. It further finds that faculty culture not just affected their innovation

utilization yet, additionally, directed the impact of instructing competency and

character on the thought of this innovation use. This investigation closes with

proposals for advancing examination on the assistance required for starting

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instructors and therefore the school culture in innovation use. (Yang G. et al

2004)

Teaching PracticesConceptual Framework

using Technology
Independent Variable/s Dependent Variable/s
Enhanced
Learning
Approaches ABM
Teachers
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Definition of terms

For clearer and better understanding of the study, the following terms are

defined conceptually and operationally:

Technology Enhanced Learning Approaches (TELA). Conceptually, refers to

the support of teaching and learning with technology and be used synonymously

with e-learning (IGI Global Dictionary, 2015). Operationally, this is the tools that

the researchers want to know what the teaching practices that they use are.

Teachers. Conceptually, a person who instructs or trains others, esp. in a school

(Cambridge Dictionary, 1995). Operationally, they are the respondents that which

researchers need in order to get the data that helps in research paper.

Students. Conceptually, a person who is studying at school, collage, or

university (Cambridge Dictionary, 1995). Operationally, they are the witness on

how the researchers get the data that they need.

Accountancy Business and Management (ABM). Conceptually, provides

students with the skills and knowledge they need to work in corporate world and

want to become business leaders and entrepreneurs (Karr Katigbak, 2018).

Operationally, this strand, the researcher gets the respondents that they need in

their interview.

Lagao National High School (LNHS). Operationally, this is a secondary public

school located at Aparente Street. Purok Malakas Brgy. San Isidro General

Santos City.