AZwH«$‘{UH$m

1 ^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d H¥$fr{df¶H$$ KS>m‘moS>r

A) ^m¡Jmo{bH$ d H¥$fr{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r …

15-33

* Zram bmJdS>, CËnmXZ d {dH«$s~m~V Zdo YmoaU

* CÎma àXoe‘Yrb h¡XanyaMm am‘ga ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV g‘mdoe
* '‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg' ¶m àOmVrgmR>r O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌ Kmo{fV H$aUmao ‘hmamï´> ho n{hbo amÁ¶
* {~~Q>çm§À¶m g§»¶oV ‘hmamï´> XoemV {Vgam
* "Vm¡ºo$' d '¶mg' MH«$sdmXi
~) dmhVyH$ d XiUdiU{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r …
* n§VàYmZ Za|Ð ‘moXtÀ¶m hñVo Am{e¶mVrb gdm©V ‘moR>çm Am§Vaamï´>r¶ {d‘mZVimMo ^y{‘nyOZ g§nÞ
* g‘¥Õr ‘hm‘mJm©da gmH$mabm ^maVmVrb gdm©V é§X ~moJXm
* bS>mI‘ܶo OJmVrb gdm©{YH$ C§Mrdarb añVm
* Am{e¶mVrb gdm©V bm§~ 'hm¶ñnrS> Q´>°H$' Mo CX²KmQ>Z
* ‘hmamï´>mMo ZdrZ '{dÚwVdmhZ YmoaU 2021' Omhra
* Owݶm dmhZm§gmR>rMo ñH«°$qnJ YmoaU Omhra
* ^maVmVrb n{hë¶m MmbH$a{hV ‘oQ´>moMo CX²KmQ>Z
* 100 ì¶m '{H$gmZ aob'bm n§VàYmZm§H$Sy>Z {hadm P|S>m
* ^maVmZo ~Zdbr OJmVrb n{hbr hm°pñnQ>b Q´>oZ
* gd© ‘{hbm H$‘©Mmar AgUmè¶m {d‘mZmMr n{hë¶m§XmM ^amar
* ^maVmVrb AÞYmݶ CËnmXZ
* {d{dY AÞYmݶ {nH$m§À¶m {H$‘mZ AmYma^yV qH$‘Vr (MSPs)
* {d{dY joÌmVrb H«$m§Ë¶m

2 amOH$s¶ KS>m‘moS>r 40

* Amo~rgr AmajU {dYo¶H$ {dYmZ n[afXoV g§‘V

34-47

* "e³Vr' {dYo¶H$ {dYmZg^oV ‘§Oya>

* {ZdS>UyH$ H$m¶Xm (gwYmaUm) {dYo¶H$ 2021 g§gXoV ‘§Oya
* gdm}ƒ ݶm¶mb¶mV Eo{Vhm{gH$ enW{dYr
* ^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>Zm (105 dr KQ>ZmXþéñVr) H$m¶Xm, 2021
* 5 amÁ¶m§‘Yrb {dYmZg^m {ZdS>UwH$m 2021

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 4 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 * n{ü‘ ~§Jmb‘ܶo {dYmZn[afX {Z‘m©U H$aʶmMm àñVmd ‘§Oya
* ZdrZ g§gX ^dZmÀ¶m ~m§YH$m‘mbm Ama§^
* A{bH$S>rb KQ>ZmXþéñVr {dYo¶Ho$ d KQ>ZmXþéñ˶m

3 d¡km{ZH$, n¶m©daUr¶ d Amamo½¶{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r 48-81

A) d¡km{ZH$, g§ajU{df¶H$ d AdH$mer¶ KS>m‘moS>r …

48-81

* OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>çm Am{U gdm©V ep³Vembr A§Vami Xþ{~©UrMo ¶eñdr àjonU
* "A¾r-àmB©‘' jonUmómMr ¶eñdr MmMUr
* ^maVr¶ ~ZmdQ>rMo A˶mYw{ZH$ {MbIVr dmhZ bîH$amÀ¶m Vmâ¶mV XmIb
* 'Zmgm' À¶m 'X nmH©$a gmoba àmo~' ¶mZmMm gy¶m©bm ñne©
* 'dobm' - ñH$m°{n©Z OmVrMr Mm¡Wr nmU~wS>r ^maVr¶ Zm¡XbmH$S>o gwnyX©
* 'Am¶EZEg H$a§O' Zm¡XbmÀ¶m Vmâ¶mV XmIb
* 'Am¶EZEg {demImnÅ>U‘' hr A{VAÚ¶mdV {dZm{eH$m ^maVr¶ Zm¡XbmV gm‘rb
* a{e¶mH$Sy>Z 'Eg-400' jonUmó ¶§ÌUm ^maVmbm nwadʶmg gwédmV
* n§VàYmZ ‘moXtÀ¶m hñVo '^maVr¶ AdH$me g§KQ>Zo' Mo CX²KmQ>Z
* Oo’$ ~oPmogMr ¶eñdr AdH$medmar
* g§ajUmda gdm©{YH$ IM© H$aUmè¶m Xoem§‘ܶo ^maV OJmV {Vgam
* ^maVmÀ¶m eómóo Am¶mVr‘ܶo 33 Q>³³¶m§Zr KQ>
* "dO«' ¶m ^maVr¶ VQ>ajH$ XbmÀ¶m OhmOmMo ¶eñdr ObmdVaU
* ñdXoer ~ZmdQ>rMo '{dJ«h' OhmO amï´>mbm An©U
* ñdXoer ~ZmdQ>rMo 'AOw©Z aUJmS>o' bîH$ambm gwnyX©
* 'hm°{dËPa' Vmo’o$Mr ¶eñdr MmMUr
* XoemVrb n{hë¶m g§nyU© ñdXoer ~ZmdQ>rÀ¶m {nñVwbmMr {Z{‘©Vr
* BòmoH$Sy>Z 19 CnJ«hm§Mo ¶eñdr àjonU
* 'ñnogEŠg' Mm gdm©{YH$ CnJ«h àjo{nV H$aʶmMm {dH«$‘
* ^maVmMo ZdrZ '{dkmZ, V§ÌkmZ d ZdmonH«$‘ YmoaU'

~) Amamo½¶{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r …
* 'H$mopìhS>-19 ‘hm‘mar' AnS>oQ²g
* ‘hmamï´>mVrb n{hë¶m ‘o{S>H°$~ é½Umb¶mMo OmbݶmV bmoH$mn©U

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 5 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 H$) n¶m©daUr¶ KS>m‘moS>r …
* 26 dr OmJ{VH$ hdm‘mZ ~Xb n[afX (COP 26)
* IQAir À¶m AmH$S>odmarZwgma {X„r OJmVrb gdm©{YH$ àXÿ{fV eha
* OmJ{VH$ dm¶y JwUdÎmm Ahdmb, 2020
* {X„r‘ܶo C^maʶmV Ambm XoemVrb n{hbm ñ‘m°J Q>m°da
* ^maVmMr à‘wI jonUmóo

4 gm‘m{OH$, e¡j{UH$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$ KS>m‘moS>r 82-106

A) gm‘m{OH$ KS>m‘moS>r …
82-106

* amï´>r¶ H$m¡Qw>§{~H$ Amamo½¶ gd}jU Ahdmb

* gdm©{YH$ X¡Z§{XZ ‘Owar Xoʶm‘ܶo Ho$ai Aìdb
* gdm©{YH$ AmË‘h˶m Pmboë¶m amÁ¶m§‘ܶo ‘hmamï´> Aìdb
* ݶm¶XmZmV ‘hmamï´> amÁ¶ XoemV Aìdb
* am‘ßnm ‘§{Xa Am{U YmobmdramMm ¶wZoñH$moÀ¶m OmJ{VH$ dmagm ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV g‘mdoe
* H$mobH$m˶mÀ¶m 'XþJm©nwOo' Mm ¶wZoñH$moÀ¶m 'A‘yV© dmagm {df¶H$ à{V{Z{YH$ ¶mXr' ‘ܶo
* ½dmëhoa Am{U AmoaN>m ¶m eham§Mm ¶wZoñH$moÀ¶m '{hñQ>m°[aH$b A~©Z b±S>ñHo$n àmoOoŠQ>' A§VJ©V g‘mdoe
* ¶oadS>m H$mamJ¥hmVyZ 'H$mamJ¥h n¶©Q>Z CnH«$‘m'Mr gwédmV
* "^maVmVrb ‘{hbm Am{U nwéf 2020' Ahdmb
~) e¡j{UH$ KS>m‘moS>r …
* ^maVmVrb gdm}Îm‘ {ejU g§ñWm§Mr H«$‘dmar Omhra
* Q>mBåg hm¶a EÁ¶wHo$eZ dëS>© ¶w{Zìh{g©Q>r a±qH$½O 2022
* 'X Q>mBåg hm¶a EOwHo$eZ'Mm gdm}ËH¥$ï> Am{e¶mB© {ejU g§ñWm§Mm Ahdmb Omhra
* 'QS' - Am{e¶mVrb d OJmVrb gdm}ËH¥$ï> {dÚmnrR>m§Mr ¶mXr
* 'QS' - {df¶{Zhm¶ OmJ{VH$ {dÚmnrR> H«$‘dmar
* g|Q>a ’$m°a dëS>© ¶w{Zìh{g©Q>r a±qH$½O 2021-22
H$) gm§ñH¥${VH$ KS>m‘moS>r …
* à‘wI g§‘obZo d n[afXm
* à{gÜX nwñVHo$ d ˶m§Mo boIH$

5 Am{W©H$ KS>m‘moS>r 107-118

* naXoer {dÎm àofUmÀ¶m (remittances) àmár‘ܶo ^maV OJmV Aìdb
107-118

* 'amï´>r¶ g§nÎmr nwZ~mªYUr H§$nZr ‘¶m©.' (~°S> ~±H$) ñWmnZ

* OmJ{VH$ Jw§VdUyH$ Ahdmb 2021

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 6 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 * 15 ì¶m {dÎm Am¶moJmMm A§{V‘ Ahdmb g§gXoV gmXa
* ^maVmMo ZdrZ naH$s¶ ì¶mnma YmoaU 2021-26
* '‘wS>rO²' H$Sy>Z ^maVmbm 'Baa3' nV‘mZm§H$Z
* ’$moãO© - OJmVrb gdm©{YH$ e{º$embr 100 ‘{hbm
* ’$m°À¶y©Z - OJmVrb n{hbo 50 à^mdembr ZoVo
* ’$m°À¶y©Z B§{S>¶m - ^maVmVrb gdm©{YH$ e{º$embr 50 ‘{hbm
* 'Q>mB©‘' OJmVrb gdm©{YH$ à^mdembr 100 춺$s (TIME 100)
* 'Q>mB©‘' ng©Z Am°’$ X B©¶a
* ^maVmVrb ‘hmaËZ, ZdaËZ d {‘ZraËZ H§$nݶm
* Am{W©H$ gm§p»¶H$s

6 Am§VaamîQ´>r¶ KS>m‘moS>r119-136

* ^maV Am{U a{e¶m‘ܶo 28 H$ama

119-136

* Amobm’$ emoëP - O‘©ZrMo Zdo M°Ýgba

* G-20 Xoem§Mr 16 dr n[afX g§nÞ
* A‘o[aH$m - Am§Vaamï´>r¶ gm¡a AmKmS>rMm 101 dm gXñ¶
* S>m°. AO¶ ‘mWwa ¶m§Mr Am§Vaamï´>r¶ gm¡a AmKmS>rMo ‘hmg§MmbH$ åhUyZ {ZdS
* àm. {~‘b nQ>ob ¶m§Mr Am§Vaamï´>r¶ {dYr Am¶moJmda {ZdS>
* ^maVmMr ghmì¶m§Xm 'g§¶wº$ amï´> ‘mZdm{YH$ma n[afXo'Mm gXñ¶ åhUyZ {ZdS>
* ZOhV ImZ ¶m§Mr UNHRC À¶m AܶjnXr {Z¶wº$s
* ¶wEB©, ~m§JbmXoe d Cé½do 'ݶy S>oìhbn‘|Q> ~±Ho$' Mo ZdrZ gXñ¶
* nm{H$ñVmZ FATF À¶m H$aS>çm ¶mXrV H$m¶‘
* '¹$mS>' Xoem§À¶m à‘wIm§Mr n{hbr {eIa n[afX g§nÞ
* ^maV d ~m§JbmXoe Xaå¶mZÀ¶m '‘¡Ìr goVy' Mo CÓmQ>Z
* ’w${‘Amo {H${eXm OnmZMo ZdrZ n§VàYmZ
* Omo ~m¶S>oZ ¶m§Zr A‘o[aHo$Mo amï´>mܶj Va H$‘bm h°arg ¶m§Zr Cnamï´>mܶj åhUyZ nX^ma ñdrH$mabm
* à‘wI Am§Vaamï´>r¶ g§KQ>Zm

7 MM}Vrb ì¶p³V‘Ëdo137-152
A) {deof H$m‘{Jar …
137-152

* namJ AJ«dmb * A°S>{‘ab Ama. har Hw$‘ma * boâQ>Z§Q> OZab gr.nr. ‘moh§Vr
* ݶm. EZ. ìhr. a‘Um * ݶm. {dÚmgmJa H$mZS>o * gw~moYHw$‘ma O¶ñdmb
* gwerb M§Ðm

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 7 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 ~) {ZYZ …
* OZab {~nrZ amdV * ~m~mgmho~ nwa§Xao * {Xbrn Hw$‘ma
* {‘ëIm qgJ * gw§Xabmb ~hþJwUm * S>m°. AéU {ZJdoH$a
* à^mH$a OmoJ * amOrd gmVd * JUnVamd Xoe‘wI
* X. ‘m. {‘amgXma * gw{‘Ìm ^mdo

8
H|$Ð d ‘hmamîQ´> emgZmÀ¶m {dH$mg ¶moOZm153-167

A) H|$Ð gaH$maÀ¶m {d{dY ¶moOZm …

153-167

* ñdÀN> gd}jU (ZmJar) 2021

* n§VàYmZ Am¶wî‘mZ ^maV Amamo½¶{df¶H$ nm¶m^yV gw{dYm A{^¶mZ
* Am¶wî‘mZ ^maV {S>{OQ>b A{^¶mZ
* amï´>r¶ ZmJar {S>{OQ>b A{^¶mZ
* nrE‘ JVr eº$s amï´>r¶ ‘hm¶moOZm
* amï´>r¶ ‘wÐrH$aU nmB©nbmB©Z CnH«$‘
* 'gwa{jV h‘, gwa{jV Vw‘' A{^¶mZ
* 'nrE‘ - Ho$Ag© ’$m°a {MëS´o>Z' ¶moOZm
* dfm© Ob g§M¶ A{^¶mZ
* H|$Ð gaH$maÀ¶m Aݶ H$mhr ¶moOZm
~) ‘hmamîQ´> emgZmÀ¶m {d{dY ¶moOZm …
* {da^ÐH$mbr VmamamUr ñd¶§{gÕm ¶moOZm
* amO‘mVm {OOmD$ e¡j{UH$ JwUdÎmm {dH$mg A{^¶mZ
* ñd. ‘rZmVmB© R>mH$ao J«m‘rU nmUr gmR>dU ¶moOZm
* {‘eZ dmËgë¶
* ‘w»¶‘§Ìr Obg§dY©Z H$m¶©H«$‘
* ‘hmamï´> emgZmÀ¶m Aݶ H$mhr ¶moOZm
* ^maVmVrb H$mhr KQ>H$ amÁ¶m§À¶m à‘wI ¶moOZm

9
nwañH$ma168-214

A) Am§VaamîQ´>r¶ nwañH$ma …
168-214

* Zmo~ob nwañH$ma * Am°ñH$a nwañH$ma

* a°‘Z ‘°Jgogo nwañH$ma * ~wH$a nwañH$ma (Booker Prize)
* Am§VaamîQ´>r¶ ~wH$a nwañH$ma (International Booker Prize) * J«°‘r nwañH$ma
* nw{bËPa nwañH$ma * JmoëS>Z ½bmo~ nwañH$ma

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 8 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 * amB©Q> bmBìh{bhÿS> Adm°S>© * Am§VaamîQ´>r¶ ~mb em§VVm nwañH$ma
* OmJ{VH$ AÞ nwañH$ma * A~ob nwañH$ma
~) amîQ´>r¶ nwañH$ma …
* ^maVaËZ nwañH$ma * nX²‘ nwañH$ma
* ^maVr¶ em¡¶© nwañH$ma * XmXmgmho~ ’$miHo$ nwañH$ma
* kmZnrR> nwañH$ma * gm{h˶ AH$mX‘r nwañH$ma
* gm{h˶ AH$mX‘r ’o$bmo{en * ì¶mg gÝ‘mZ
* Oogr~r gm{h˶ nwañH$ma * gañdVr gÝ‘mZ
* VmZgoZ gÝ‘mZ * Jm§Yr em§VVm nwañH$ma
* B§{Xam Jm§Yr em§VVm, {Z…eñÌrH$aU d {dH$mg nwañH$ma * B§{Xam Jm§Yr amîQ´>r¶ EH$mË‘Vm nwañH$ma
* bmb~hmXÿa emñÌr amîQ´>r¶ nwañH$ma * gw^mf M§Ð ~mog AmnËVr ì¶dñWmnZ nwañH$ma
* em§Vrñdê$n ^Q>ZmJa nwañH$ma * 52 dm IIFI ‘hmoËgd 2021
* amîQ´>r¶ {MÌnQ> nwañH$ma * {’$ë‘’o$Aa nwañH$ma
H$) àmXo{eH$ nwañH$ma …
* ‘hmamîQ´>^yfU nwañH$ma * bmoH$‘mݶ {Q>iH$ amîQ´>r¶ nÌH$m[aVm nwañH$ma
* bmoH$‘mݶ {Q>iH$ amîQ´>r¶ nwañH$ma * OZñWmZ nwañH$ma
* VÝdra gÝ‘mZ * MVwa§J à{VîR>mZMm OrdZJm¡ad nwañH$ma
* bVm ‘§JoeH$a nwañH$ma * öX¶ZmW ‘§JoeH$a nwañH$ma
* {MÌnVr ìhr. em§Vmam‘ nwañH$ma * kmZmo~m-VwH$mam‘ nwañH$ma
* nwUo Am§VaamîQ´>r¶ {MÌnQ> ‘hmoËgd (PIFF) * ¶ed§V n§Mm¶V amO A{^¶mZ nwañH$ma
S>) gm¢X¶© ñnYm© …
* {‘g ¶w{Zìhg© (Miss Universe) ({dídgw§Xar) * {‘g dëS>© (Miss World) (OJVgw§Xar)
* ’o${‘Zm {‘g B§{S>¶m * BVa H$mhr amÁ¶ñVar¶ nwañH$ma

10 H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r 215-249

A) H«$sS>m ñnÜmm© …
215-249

A) Am°{bpånH$ ñnYm© :
* Am°{bpånH$ ñnYm© (Olympic Games) * n°am{bpånH$ ñnYm© (Paralympic Games)
B) {H«$Ho$Q> …
* T-20 {dœMfH$ {H«$Ho$Q> ñnYm© (nwéf) * Am¶nrEb {H«$Ho$Q> ñnYm©
C) ’w$Q>~m°b (gm°H$a) …
* 'g°’$' AqOŠ¶nX ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm© * ¶wamo{n¶Z ’w$Q>~m°b AqOŠ¶nX ñnYm©
* H$monm A‘o[aH$m ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm©

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 9 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 D) hm°H$s …
* Am{e¶mB© M°pån¶Ýg hm°H$s H$a§S>H$ (nwéf) * gwbVmZ APbZ emh hm°H$s ñnYm©
E) Q>o{Zg/~°S>q‘Q>Z …
* J«°S> ñb°‘ Q>o{Zg ñnYm© * BWF OmJ{VH$ ~°S>q‘Q>Z AqO³¶nX ñnYm©
F) H$~S²>S>r …
* àmo H$~S²>S>r brJ
G) Hw$ñVr …
* qhX Ho$gar gÝ‘mZ (Hw$ñVr ñnYm©) * ‘hmamîQ´> Ho$gar gÝ‘mZ (Hw$ñVr ñnYm©)
H) A°Wbo{Q>³g …
* OmJ{VH$ ¶wdm A°Wbo{Q>³g AqO³¶nX ñnYm©-2021
I) Zo‘~mOr/{Va§XmOr …
* ISSF {dídMfH$ Zo‘~mOr ñnYm© * ISSF OmJ{VH$ Hw$‘ma Zo‘~mOr AqO³¶nX ñnYm©
* OmJ{VH$ ¶wdm {Va§XmOr ñnYm© * Am{e¶mB© {Va§XmOr AqO³¶nX ñnYm©
J) ~wpÜX~i …
* OmJ{VH$ ~wÜXr~i ñnYm© (chess world cup) * "{’$S>o' OmJ{VH$ ~wpÜX~i AqO³¶nX ñnYm©
K) BVa H«$sS>m ñnYm© …
* OmJ{VH$ ^maVmo„Z AqO³¶nX ñnYm© * amï´>Hy$b ^maVmo„Z AqO³¶nX ñnYm©
* amîQ´>r¶ H«$sS>m ñnYm© * Iobmo B§{S>¶m ¶wdm H«$sS>m ñnYm©
* Iobmo B§{S>¶m {dÚmnrR>r¶ H«$sS>m ñnYm©

~) A{bH$S>rb g§H$sU© H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r …

* OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>o {H«$Ho$Q> g§J«hmb¶ nwʶmV * OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>çm {H«$Ho$Q> ñQ>o{S>¶‘Mo
(Za|Ð ‘moXr ñQ>o{S>¶‘) CX²KmQ>Z
H$) H«$sS>m{df¶H$ nwañH$ma …
* ‘oOa ܶmZM§X IobaËZ nwañH$ma * AOw©Z nwañH$ma
* ÐmoUmMm¶© nwañH$ma * ܶmZM§X nwañH$ma
* amï´>r¶ Ioi àmoËgmhZ nwañH$ma * ‘m¡bmZm A~wb H$bm‘ AmPmX H$a§S>H$ (Trophy)
* VoZqPJ ZmoJ} nwañH$ma
* 2022 ‘ܶo hmoUmè¶m H$mhr à‘wI H«$sS>m ñnYm©

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 10 A{^Zd àH$meZ

11 {d{dY {ZX}em§H$ d Ahdmb250-273

* nm¶m^yV gmjaVm {ZX}em§H$ 2021

250-273

* OmJ{VH$ {df‘Vm Ahdmb 2022

* ZrVr Am¶moJm¶m n{hbm 'amï´>r¶ ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aÐç {ZX}em§H$'
* OmJ{VH$ ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aÐç {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* ZrVr Am¶moJm¶m 'emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o ehar {ZX}em§H$ 2021-22'
* ZrVr Am¶moJmMm 'emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o {ZX}em§H$ 2020-21'
* gmd©O{ZH$ ì¶dhma {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* hdm‘mZ ~Xb H$m‘{Jar {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ hdm‘mZ OmoIr‘ {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* amï´>r¶ ‘mbdmhVyH$ {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ jwYm / Cnmg‘ma {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* hoÝbr nmanÌ {ZX}em§H$, 2021
* OmJ{VH$ ZdmoÝ‘of {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ ¶wdm {dH$mg {ZX}em§H$
* OmJ{VH$ em§VVm {ZX}em§H$, 2021
* OmJ{VH$ ñnYm©Ë‘H$Vm H«$‘dmar 2021
* OmJ{VH$ H$m¡eë¶ Ahdmb 2021
* gwa{jV ehao {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* EIU Mm 'OmJ{VH$ OrdZ‘mZ IM© gd}jU 2021'
* '‘g©a' Mr 'OrdZ‘mZ IMm©Zwgma eham§Mr H«$‘dmar 2021'
* OJmVrb dmñVì¶mg gdm©V ¶mo½¶ eham§Mr ¶mXr à{gÕ
* amhUr‘mZ gwb^Vm {ZX}em§H$ 2020
* gd©g‘mdoeH$ B§Q>aZoQ> {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ àgma‘mܶ‘ ñdmV§Í¶ {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ qbJ^md V’$mdV Ahdmb 2021
* Am§Vaamï´>r¶ ~m¡pÜXH$ g§nXm {ZX}em§H$ 2021
* OmJ{VH$ AmZ§X/gm¡»¶ Ahdmb 2021
* Q´>mÝgnaÝgr B§Q>aZ°eZbMm ^«ï>mMma AmH$bZ {ZX}em§H$ 2020
* bmoH$emhr {ZX}em§H$ Ahdmb 2020
* OJmVrb {d{dY {ZX}em§H$ / Ahdmb {df¶H$ g§{já ‘m{hVr

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 11 A{^Zd àH$meZ

12 {dñV¥V g§H$sU© KS>m‘moS>r274-320

* H|$Ð d amÁ¶ gaH$maMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m

274-320

* H|$Ð gaH$maMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m

* ‘hmamï´> emgZmMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m
* g§¶wº$ amï´> g§KmÛmao (UNO) Kmo{fV {d{dY XeHo$ d df}
* H|$Ð emgZ d ‘hmamï´> emgZmZo Kmo{fV Ho$bobr XeHo$ d df}
* à‘wI {XZ{deof
* H$mhr à‘wI {XZ d ˶m§À¶m ‘w»¶ g§H$ënZm (Themes)
* H|$Ðr¶ ‘§{Ì‘§S>i
* ^maVmVrb ‘hËdmÀ¶m g§ñWm/ Am¶moJm§Mo à‘wI / Aܶj / g§MmbH$
* ^maVmVrb ‘w»¶‘§Ìr Am{U amÁ¶nmb
* àOmgÎmmH$ {XZmMo nmhÿUo
* ^maVmVrb amï´>r¶ d àmXo{eH$ amOH$s¶ nj
* ‘hmamï´>mMo ‘§{Ì‘§S>i
* ‘hmamï´>mVrb àemgH$s¶ à‘wI d CƒnXñW
* ‘hmamï´>mVrb {dÚmnrR>o
* H$mhr Xoem§Mo g§¶wº$ bîH$ar gamd
* OJmVrb H$mhr à‘wI Xoe d ˶m§Mr AZwf§JrH$ ‘m{hVr
* ^maVmMo {d{dY Xoem§Vrb {dÚ‘mZ Cƒ Am¶wº$ / amOXÿV
* ^maVmVrb à‘wI H$bmËgd
* ^maVmVrb dmÚo d ˶m§Mo à{gÕ dmXH$
* à{gÕ ì¶º$s d ˶m§Mr g‘mYrñWio
* ^maVmVrb {d{dY amÁ¶o d ˶m§Mo amÁ¶ ’w$b
* ^maVmVrb aoëdo {d^mJ
* OJmVrb Xoem§Mo ~Xbbobr Zmdo VgoM Q>monUZmdo
* {d{dY Xoem§Mo amï´>r¶ Ioi

aaaa

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 12 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 A{^Zd {S>{OQ>b ‘r{S>¶m
‘A{^Zd {S>{OQ>b {‘S>r¶m’ ¶m A§VJ©V Am‘À¶mH$Sy>Z Q>o{bJ«m‘, ¶yQ¶y~, ’o$g~wH$, ìhm°Q²>g A°n
Am{U EgE‘Eg ¶m ‘mܶ‘m§Ûmao {dÚm϶mªer g§dmX gmYbm OmVmo.

A) Q>o{bJ«m‘ M°Zob …
(Abhinav Prakashan, Pune)
Q>o{bJ«m‘ M°Zob ho A{Ve¶ ‘hËdmMo ‘mܶ‘ Amho, Á¶m‘ܶo A{^Zd àH$meZmÀ¶m
CnH«$‘m~m~VMr ‘m{hVr eoAa Ho$br OmVo.
Ogo …
1. ZdrZ nwñVH$ H$Yr àH$m{eV hmoUma... nwñVH$ àH$m{eV Pmë¶mMr ‘m{hVr, VgoM
nwñVH$m§‘ܶo H$mhr AnS>oQ> AgVrb Va ˶m~ÔbMr ‘m{hVr B˶mXr.
2. {dÚm϶mªZm nwñVH$mVrb ‘OHw$am~Ôb H$mhr e§H$m AgVrb Va ˶m e§H$m§Mo {ZagZ gd© {dÚm϶mªZm g‘mZ
nÜXVrZo Ho$bo OmVo, Á¶m‘wio {dÚm϶mªZm g‘mZ bm^ hmoVmo.
3. Mmby KS>m‘moS>r ~m~V ‘hËdmMo issues, XaamoOMo updates, one liner KS>m‘moS>r VgoM ‘hËdmMr
dV©‘mZnÌo d dV©‘mZnÌmVrb A{Ve¶ ‘hËdmMo boI, H$mÌUo ¶m M°Zobda eoAa Ho$bo OmVmV.
4. {dÚm϶mªZm gamdmgmR>r Mmby KS>m‘moS>r d BVa {df¶m§Mo XoIrb dñVw{ZîR> àíZ eoAa Ho$bo OmVmV.
5. ‘hmamîQ´>mVrb H$mhr ‘mݶdam§Mo ñnYm© narjm g§X^m©Vrb ‘hËdmMo boI qH$dm ˶m§Mo Videos {dÚm϶mªÀ¶m
‘m{hVrñVd {Xbo OmVmV.
6. ‘hmamîQ´> bmoH$godm Am¶moJ d BVa ñnYm© narjm KoUmè¶m g§ñWm§Mr AnS>oQ> ‘m{hVr ¶m M°Zobda {dÚm϶mªgmR>r
eoAa Ho$br OmVo.
7. {dÚm϶mªZm àmoËgmhZ {‘imdo d ˶m§À¶m ‘ZmVrb {Zamem Xÿa ìhmdr ¶m g§X^m©V A{Ve¶ ‘hËdnyU© Ago
motivational speech AmR>dS>çmVyZ EH$Xm eoAa Ho$bo OmVmV.

~) ¶yQ>çy~ M°Zob … (Abhinav Prakashan, Pune)

¶yQ>çy~À¶m ‘mܶ‘mVyZ {dÚm϶mªer à˶j g§dmX gmYʶmÀ¶m ÑîQ>rZo Amåhr Mmby
KS>m‘moS>r, ~wpÜX‘ËVm MmMUr, J{UV ¶m~amo~aM BVa {df¶m§Mo bo³Mg© Am¶mo{OV H$arV
AgVmo. ˶mMm {dÚm϶mªZr Z³H$s bm^ ¿¶mdm.

H$) Facebook … (Abhinav Prakashan, Pune)

¶m‘ܶo A{^Zd àH$meZmÀ¶m CnH«$‘m§~m~V VgoM Am¶moJmÀ¶m doJdoJiçm gyMZm VgoM
doJdoJiçm pìh{S>AmoÀ¶m qb³g AnbmoS> Ho$ë¶m OmVmV Am{U bmB©ìh bo³Mg©Mo XoIrb
Am¶moOZ Ho$bo OmVo.

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 13 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 S>) ìhm°Q²>g A°n J«wn (Whats app group) …
(ABHINAV àH$meZ 2022 - Mo : 9404883636)
{dÚm϶mªÀ¶m {H$aH$moi e§H$m§Mo {ZagZ ìhmdo d Amnë¶m àH$meZm~Ôb ˶m§Zm H$mhr
‘m{hVr hdr Agë¶mg ˶m§Zr 94 04 88 3636 ¶m ìhm°Q²>g A°n Z§~ada ‘m{hVr
{dMmaë¶mg ˶m§À¶m e§H$m§Mo {ZagZ Ho$bo OmVo.

B) SMS d ’$moZ H$m°b godm … (9404883636)

darb Z§~adê$Z {dÚm϶mªZm nwñVH$ àH$meZ qH$dm BVa CnH«$‘m§~m~V VmËH$mi ‘m{hVr
{Xbr OmVo. VgoM {dÚmWu EgE‘Eg AWdm ’$moZ H$m°b Ûmao A{^Zd àH$meZmH$Sy>Z
nwñVH$ IaoXrgmR>r XþH$mZXmamMo ’$moZ Z§~g©, Am°ZbmB©Z IaoXrgmR>r qbH$ nmR>dUo, nwñVH$
àH$meZmMm {XZm§H$ B˶mXr ‘m{hVr VmËH$mi CnbãY H$ê$Z KoD$ eH$VmV.

Var gd© {dÚm϶mªZr ‘A{^Zd {S>{OQ>b {‘{S>¶m’ À¶m Cnamo³V gd© ‘mܶ‘m§Mo
g~ñH«$sßeZ H$amdo hr {dZ§Vr.

aaaa

ABHINAV YEAR BOOK 2022 14 A{^Zd àH$meZ

 ^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d
1 H¥$fr{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r
A) ^m¡Jmo{bH$ d H¥$fr{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r CÎma àXoe‘Yrb h¡XanyaMm am‘ga ñWim§À¶m
¶mXrV g‘mdoe
Zram bmJdS>, CËnmXZ d {dH«$s~m~V Zdo YmoaU ŠŠ CÎma àXoe‘Yrb 'h¡Xanya nmUWi àXoem'Mm (Haiderpur
ŠŠ "Zram' ¶m no¶mÀ¶m PmS>mMr bmJdS>, CËnmXZ Am{U Wetland) {S>g|~a 2021 ‘ܶo am‘ga ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV
{dH«$s~m~V amÁ¶ emgZmZo Zmoìh|~a 2021 ‘ܶo Zdo g‘mdoe H$aʶmV Ambm. (E{àb 2021 ‘ܶo hm nmUWi
YmoaU Omhra Ho$bo Amho. àXoe am‘ga ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV g‘mdoe H$aʶmg§~§YrMr
ŠŠ Zram bmJdS>, CËnmXZ Am{U {dH«$sMo gdªH$f YmoaU KmofUm H$aʶmV Ambr hmoVr).
R>adʶmgmR>r amÁ¶ CËnmXZ ewëH$ {d^mJmÀ¶m Am¶wº$m§À¶m
AܶjVoImbr g{‘Vr {Z¶wº$ H$aʶmV Ambr hmoVr. ¶m
g{‘VrÀ¶m {e’$maerZwgma ho YmoaU Omhra H$aʶmV
Ambo.
* ¶m YmoaUmMr d¡{eîQ>ço :
ŠŠ ¶m YmoaUmZwgma Zram XoUmè¶m PmS>mMo {OAmo Q>°qZJ
H$aʶmV ¶oUma AgyZ, Zram {dH«$sMr nadmZm à{H«$¶m
Am°ZbmBZ nÕVrZo am~dbr OmUma Amho.
ŠŠ ZraonmgyZ Jyi V¶ma H$am¶Mo {R>H$mU Am{U Zram XoUmar
ŠŠ h¡XanyaÀ¶m ¶m g‘mdoem‘wio CÎma àXoe‘Yrb am‘ga
PmS>o ¶mVrb A§Va Aܶm© {H$‘r nojm OmñV AgUma Zmhr
ñWim§Mr g§»¶m AmVm 9 Pmbr AgyZ ^maVmVrb
hr AQ> aÔ.
am‘ga ñWim§Mr g§»¶m 47 Pmbr Amho. h¡Xanwa nmUWi
ŠŠ Zram H$mT>ë¶mnmgyZ Mmodrg Vmgm§V dmna. ‘mÌ à{H«$¶m
àXoe ho OJmVrb 2463 do am‘ga ñWi R>abo Amho.
H$ê$Z H$mb‘¶m©Xm dmT>{dʶmgmR>r doJù¶m nadmZJrMr
(WmoS>Š¶mV h¡Xanya ho ^maVmVrb gdm©V A{bH$S>rb
Amdí¶H$Vm Zmhr.
åhUOo 47 do am‘ga ñWi R>abo Amho).
ŠŠ Zram CËnmXZmda à{H«$¶m hmoD$Z ˶mMo VmS>rV ê$nm§Va
ŠŠ Am°JñQ> 2021 ‘ܶo ^maVmVrb nwT>rb 4 ñWim§Mm
hmoUma Zmhr ¶mMr XjVm KoUo Amdí¶H$.
am‘ga ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV g‘mdoe H$aʶmV Ambm
ŠŠ Zram CËnmXZmMo {R>H$mU Am{U {dH«$s H|$Ð ¶mVrb A§Va
hmoVm:
10 ‘¡bmnojm OmñV Zgmdo, hr AQ> aÔ.
1) q^S>dmg dݶOrd A^¶maʶ (h[a¶mUm)
ŠŠ hdm~§X ZraoMr amÁ¶mV gd©Ì {dH«$s H$aʶmg nadmZJr.
2) gwbVmZnya amï´>r¶ CÚmZ (JwéJ«m‘, h[a¶mUm)
ŠŠ Zram hdm~§X H$aUo, Zram {dH«$sMm nadmZm {‘iʶmgmR>r ImXr
3) Wmob Vbmd dݶOrd A^¶maʶ (JwOamV)
Am{U J«m‘moÚmoJ ‘§S>imÀ¶m {e’$maerMr Amdí¶H$Vm Zmhr.
4) dmYdmZm AmЩ^y‘r (JwOamV)
ŠŠ J«mhH$m§Zm ewÕ Zram CnbãY hmoʶmgmR>r {Oëô¶m~mhoê$Z
Zram AmUʶmg nadmZJr. ‘mÌ Zram ^m§S>çmV Jmoim * h¡Xanya nmUWi ñWim{df¶r :
Ho$ë¶mnmgyZ Xhm Vmgm§À¶m AmV qH$dm Zram XoUmè¶m ŠŠ ñWmZ : n{ü‘ CÎma àXoe‘Yrb ‘wPâ’$aZJa {Oëhm d
PmS>mnmgyZ 400 {H$‘rÀ¶m AmV Zram {dH«$sMo XþH$mZ {~OZmoa {Oëhm
AgUo Amdí¶H$. ŠŠ joÌ’$i : 69 Mm¡{H$‘r
ŠŠ Zram XoUmè¶m PmS>m§Mo {OAmo Q>°[J§J H$ê$Z {dH$grV Ho$boë¶m ŠŠ ¶m nmUWi àXoemMr {Z{‘©Vr : 1984
àUmbrMm Adb§~ 2023-24 nmgyZ H$aʶmV ¶oUma. ŠŠ am‘ga ñWi Kmo{fV : 13 E{àb 2021
(g§X^© : X¡. bmoH$gÎmm) ŠŠ am‘ga ñWim§À¶m ¶mXrV g‘mdoe : {S>g|~a 2021
A{^Zd àH$meZ ^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d H¥$fr{df¶H$ 15
ŠŠ J§Jm Am{U gmobmZr ZXrÀ¶m Xaå¶mZ ‘wPâ’$aZJa- Mind it....
{~OZmoa gr‘oda 6908 hoŠQ>a joÌmV ho nmUWi àXoe OmJ{VH$ gÚpñWVr :
ngabobo Amho. ÊÊ gܶm ({S>g|. 2021) OJ^amVrb 25 H$moQ>r hoŠQ>anojm
ŠŠ hm hpñVZmnya dݶOrd A^¶maʶmMm EH$ ^mJ Amho. OmñV joÌ am‘ga ñWim§Zr ì¶mnbo AgyZ OJmV gܶm
ŠŠ h¡Xanya nmUWi àXoe ho EH$ ‘mZd{Z{‘©V gamoda (lake) 2450 nojm OmñV am‘ga ñWio AmhoV.
Amho. ÊÊ am‘ga ñWim§Zr n¥Ïdrdarb gw‘mao 6% joÌ ì¶mnbo AgyZ
ŠŠ 30 nojm OmñV dZñnVr àOmVr, 300 nojm OmñV OJmVrb EHy$U dZñnVr Am{U àmUr àOmVtn¡H$s 40%
nú¶m§À¶m àOmVr, 40 nojm OmñV ‘Ëñ¶ àOmVr Am{U àOmVr ¶m am‘ga ñWim‘ܶo A§V^w©V nmUWi àXoemV
102 nojm OmñV nmUnjr àOmVr ¶oWo AmT>iVmV. amhVmV.
ŠŠ ¶oWrb O¡d{d{dYVm nú¶m§Zm AmH${f©V H$aVo. {dXoer ÊÊ 1974 gmbr Kmo{fV H$aʶmV Ambobo Am°ñQ´>o{b¶m‘Yrb
njr ‘§Jmo{b¶mMo S>m|Ja nma H$ê$Z ¶oWo nmohmoMVmV. VgoM 'H$mo~moJ© àm¶Ûrn' (Cobourg Peninsula) ho OJmVrb
S>m°pë’$Z, H$mgd, ‘Jar, ’w$bnmIao Am{U haUm§À¶m n{hbo am‘ga ñWi hmo¶.
AZoH$ àOmVr ¶oWo AmT>iVmV. ÊÊ OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>o am‘ga ñWi : [aAmo ZoJ«mo (~«mPrb)
ŠŠ JmoS>çm nmʶmMo Am{U ^yOb nwZ^©aUmMo ómoV Agbobo (1,20,000 Mm¡. {H$‘r.)
h¡Xanya ho XbXbrVrb h[aU, AmoQ>g©, K[a¶mb, {’$qeJ ÊÊ gdm©{YH$ am‘ga ñWio Agbobm Xoe : ¶wZm¶Q>oS> qH$½S>‘
H°$Q>, nÅ>H$mX§~/ nÅ> h§g (Bar-headed goose), J«obmJ (175).
h§g, éS>r eobS>H$ Am{U ’o$é{JZg nmoMmS>© Ago Ag§»¶ ÊÊ am‘ga ñWim§Mr gdm©{YH$ g§»¶m Agbobm Am{e¶mB©
àmʶm§Mo Ka Amho. Xoe: MrZ (64)
ÊÊ ^maV hm X{jU Am{e¶mVrb gdm©{YH$ am‘ga ñWio
Mind it....
am‘ga ñWio (Ramsar Sites) Agbobm Xoe (47) R>abm Amho.
ÊÊ am‘ga àXoemImbr gdm©V ‘moR>o joÌ Agbobm Xoe : X{jU
* nmœ©^y‘r :
BamU‘Yrb H°$pñn¶Z g‘wÐmÀ¶m {H$Zmè¶mdarb ‘am‘ga’ A‘o[aH$m I§S>mVrb ~mo{bpìh¶m (gw‘mao 1,48,424 Mm¡.
¶m ehamV 2 ’o$~«wdmar 1971 amoOr OJ^amVrb {H$‘r. qH$dm 1,48,42,405 ho³Q>g©)
nmUWi OmJm§À¶m g§ajUmgmR>rÀ¶m Cnm¶¶moOZm§da MMm© * ^maVm{df¶rMr gÚpñWVr :
H$aʶmgmR>r EH$ n[afX ^adʶmV Ambr. ¶m n[afXoVrb ÊÊ ^maVmV gܶm 47 am‘ga ñWio AmhoV.
R>amdmbm ‘am‘ga R>amd’ (Ramsar Convention) ÊÊ am‘ga ñWim§Zr ì¶mnbobo ^maVmVrb EHy$U joÌ :
åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVo. hm R>amd ‘nmUWi àXoem§{df¶rMm 10,90,230 hoŠQ>g©.
R>amd’ (Convention on Wetlands) åhUyZhr AmoiIbm ÊÊ ^maVmVrb gd©àW‘ am‘ga ñWio : {MëH$m gamoda
OmVmo. (2021 gmbr ¶m R>amdmbm 50 df} nyU© Pmbr) (Amo{S>em) d Ho$dbmXod amï´>r¶ CÚmZ (amOñWmZ) -
1997 gmbmnmgyZ 2 ’o$~«wdmar hm {Xdg "OmJ{VH$ XmoÝhr 1 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1981 amoOr g‘m{dï>.
nmUWi àXoe {XZ' (World Wetlands Day) åhUyZ ÊÊ ^maVmVrb AmH$mamZo gdm©V ‘moR>o am‘ga ñWi :
gmOam Ho$bm OmVmo. gw§Xa~Z nmUWi àXoe (n{ü‘ ~§Jmb) (joÌ’$i 4230
ÊÊ hm R>amd qH$dm H$ama 21 {S>g|~a 1975 amoOr A§‘bmV
Mm¡.{H$‘r.)
ÊÊ ^maVmVrb AmH$mamZo gdm©V bhmZ am‘ga ñWi :
Ambm.
ÊÊ ^maVmgh OJ^amVrb 172 Xoe ¶m am‘ga H$amamMo ^mJ
aoUwH$m gamoda ({h‘mMb àXoe) (joÌ’$i: 0.2 Mm¡.{H$‘r.)
ÊÊ ^maVmVrb gdm©{YH$ am‘ga ñWim§Mr g§»¶m Agbobo
/ gXñ¶ AmhoV.
ÊÊ AmO am‘ga ¶mXr hr OJmVrb g§a{jV joÌm§Mo gdm©V ‘moR>o
amÁ¶ : CÎmaàXoe (9)
ÊÊ ^maVmVrb EHy$U 47 am‘ga ñWim§n¡H$s ‘hmamï´>mV nwT>rb
ZoQ>dH©$ Amho.
2 am‘ga ñWio AmhoV :
1) Zm§Xÿa ‘Y‘oœa A^¶maʶ (Zm{eH$- OmZodmar 2020)
2) bmoUma gamoda (~wbS>mUm - Zmoìh|~a 2020)

16 ^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d H¥$fr{df¶H$ A{^Zd àH$meZ

ÊÊ 'doQ>b±S²g B§Q>aZ°eZb gmD$W E{e¶m' Mr ñWmnZm -
1996, ‘w»¶mb¶ - Zdr {X„r.
^maVmVrb 47 am‘ga ñWim§Mr ¶mXr nmhʶmgmR>r
Imbrb QR Code Amnë¶m ‘mo~mB©b‘Yrb
Google lens qH$dm BVa App ‘ܶo ñH°$Z H$am
Mind it...
nmUWi àXoe (Wetland) åhUOo H$m¶?
ÊÊ ZXr, Vbmd, gmJar {H$Zmao Aem {R>H$mUr CWi nmʶmZo ŠŠ
PmH$boë¶m d {d{dY àH$maÀ¶m JdVm§Zr Am{U PwS>nm§Zr
^aboë¶m nmUWi O{‘Zr Amnë¶mbm AmT>iVmV.¶m§Zm ŠŠ
‘nmUWi àXoe’ Ago åhUVmV.
ÊÊ ¶m‘ܶo H¥${Ì‘ Vbmd d H$mbdo, {‘R>mJao, gm§S>nmʶmMo
Vbmd, ‘ËgeoVr Vbmd, eoVVir, ^mVmMr ImMao Aem
‘mZd{Z{‘©V ñWim§Mmhr g‘mdoe hmoVmo.
(g§X^© : pib.gov.in, ramsar.org,worldwildlife.
org, gktoday. in, iasbaba.com, X¡. Times of India ŠŠ
Dt.15/08/2021; The Indian Express dt. 10/12/2021 ) ŠŠ
[[[[
"‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg' ¶m àOmVrgmR>r O¡{dH$
dmagm joÌ Kmo{fV H$aUmao ‘hmamï´> ho n{hbo amÁ¶
ŠŠ qgYwXþJ© {OëhçmVrb ~m§~S>} ¶oWrb ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg
(XodamB©) (Myristica Swamps) ho OmZodmar 2021
A{^Zd àH$meZ
‘ܶo O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌ åhUyZ Kmo{fV H$aʶmV Ambo
Amho.
ŠŠ ~m§~S>} ¶oWrb ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg ho O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌ
åhUyZ Kmo{fV H$aʶmÀ¶m àñVmdmbm ‘w»¶‘§Ìr CÕd
R>mH$ao ¶m§Zr ‘§Owar {Xbr.
ŠŠ ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg åhUOo XodamB©bm O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌ
Kmo{fV H$aUmao ‘hmamï´> ho n{hbo amÁ¶ Amho.
ŠŠ ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg ho ‘hmamï´> amÁ¶mVrb Mm¡Wo O¡{dH$
dmagm joÌ Amho.
* ‘hmamï´> amÁ¶mVrb O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌo :
1. ½bmoar A„mn„r, JS>{Mamobr
2. bm§S>moaImar, OiJmd>
3. JUoeqIS>, nwUo
4. ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg,qgYwXþJ©
~m§~S>} ¶oWrb J«m‘n§Mm¶V hodmio hÔrVrb 2.59 ho³Q>a
joÌ O¡{dH$ dmagm ñWi åhUyZ Kmo{fV Ho$bo Amho.
"B§Q>aZ°eZb ¶w{Z¶Z ’$m°a H$m°ÝPd}eZ Am°’$ ZoMa' (IUCN)
¶m Am§Vaamï´>r¶ g§KQ>ZZo o ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m àOmVr hr Xþ{‘©i d
Zï> hmoʶmÀ¶m ‘mJm©da Agë¶mMo åhQ>bo Amho. ˶m‘wio ¶m
O¡{dH$ dmagm joÌmg ‘hÎd àmá Pmbo Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m joÌm‘ܶo ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ¶m Xþ{‘©i àOmVr d¥j AgyZ
ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$ ¶m d¥j àOmVrbm XodamB© g§~moYVmV.
^{dî¶mV ¶m àOmVrda g§emoYZ hmoD$ eHo$b.
nmUWi O§JbmVrb ¶m d¥jm§‘wio n¶m©daUmMm g‘Vmob
amIbm OmVmoM, nU dݶ Ordm§Mo Aml¶ñWmZ åhUyZhr
ho O§Jb AmoiIbo OmVo.
ŠŠ ‘m¶[apñQ>H$m ñdåßg ¶m d¥j àOmVr qgYwXþJ©gh CÎma
H$ÞS> {Oëhm (H$Zm©Q>H$) d Ho$aiÀ¶m X{jUoH$S>rb
^mJmV AmT>iVmV.
^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d H¥$fr{df¶H$ 17
 Be Aware About It
ÂÂ dmamUgr amondo godm gwê$ H$aUmao n{hbo ^maVr¶ eha:
ŠŠ dmhVyH$ H$m|S>r H$‘r H$aʶmgmR>r gmd©O{ZH$ dmhVyH$sMo
gmYZ åhUyZ amondo godm gwê$ H$aUmao CÎma àXoemVrb
dmamUgr ho n{hbo ^maVr¶ eha R>aUma Amho.
ŠŠ àñVm{dV amondo H±$Q> aoëdo ñQ>oeZ (dmamUgr O§³eZ) Vo
MM© ñ³doAa (JmoXm¡{b¶m) Xaå¶mZ 3.45 {H$‘r A§Vamda
~m§Ybm OmB©b.
ŠŠ gmd©O{ZH$ dmhVwH$sgmR>r amondo godm gwê$ H$aUmam
~mo{bpìh¶m Am{U ‘op³gH$mo ¶m Xoem§Z§Va ^maV hm
OJmVrb {Vgam Xoe Amho.
ÂÂ H$‘r IMm©Mm d H$‘r dOZmMm XoemVrb n{hbm nwb
‘hmamï´>mVrb bmVya {Oëô¶mV :
ŠŠ A˶mYw{ZH$ V§ÌkmZmMm dmna H$ê$Z 35 Q>¸o$ H$‘r
dOZmMm Am{U 25 Q>¸o$ H$‘r IMm©Mm XoemVrb n{hbm
nyb bmVya {Oëô¶mVyZ OmUmè¶m amï´>r¶ ‘hm‘mJ© H«$.
752 da ‘gbJm ¶oWrb ZXrda C^maʶmV Ambm Amho.
ŠŠ ‘bo{e¶Z S>çwam Cƒ V§ÌkmZmZo ~Z{dboë¶m ¶m nwbmMr
bm§~r 111 ‘rQ>a d ê§$Xr 16 ‘rQ>a Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m nwbm‘ܶo bmoI§S>r gù¶m§EodOr AëQ´>m hm¶ na’$m°‘©Ýg
’$m¶~a aoZ’$moñS>© V§ÌkmZ dmnabo Amho, Á¶m‘ܶo ñQ>rb
’$m¶~a Agbobo JS>©a dmnabo OmVo. ho JS>©a dOZmZo
hbHo$ Agë¶mZo nwbmMo dOZ H$‘r hmoVo.
ŠŠ Zì¶m V§ÌkmZmMm hm nwb J§OamoYH$, H$m~©Z d nmUr
à{VamoYH$ Agë¶mZo OmñV {Q>H$mD$ Amho.
 nwʶmVrb qhOdS>r-{edmOrZJa ‘oQ´>mo ‘m{J©Ho$À¶m
H$m‘mbm àma§^ :
ŠŠ nwʶmVrb qhOdS>r Vo {edmOrZJa ‘oQ´>mo ‘m{J©Ho$À¶m
H$m‘mbm Zmoìh|~a 2021 ‘ܶo à˶jmV gwê$dmV Pmbr.
ŠŠ gmd©O{ZH$-ImgJr gh^mJ Agbobm (nrnrnr) hm
XoemVrb n{hbmM ‘oQ´>mo àH$ën AgyZ ¶o˶m 3 dfm©V ¶m
‘oQ´>mo ‘m{J©Ho$Mo H$m‘ nyU© hmoUma Amho.
ŠŠ nwUo ehamVrb hr {Vgar ‘oQ´>mo ‘m{J©H$m AgUma Amho.
 nwʶmVrb hS>nga aoëdo ñWmZH$mV "ßb°Q>’$m°‘© nm{Hª$J':
ŠŠ "ßb°Q>’$m°‘© nm{Hª$J' gw{dYm XoUmao nwʶmVrb hS>nga aoëdo
ñWmZH$ amÁ¶mVrb n{hboM aoëdo ñWmZH$ R>abo Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m gw{dY|VJ©V àdmem§Zm dmhZ nm{Hª$J H$ê$Z WoQ>
ßb°Q>’$m°‘©da àdoe H$aVm ¶oUma Amho.
ŠŠ H$mobH$m˶mVrb hmdS>m aoëdo ñWmZH$mVhr AemM àH$maMr
gw{dYm ¶mnydu {Xbr OmV hmoVr.
32 ^m¡Jmo{bH$, XiUdiU d H¥$fr{df¶H$
 ^maVmVrb n{hbo AÞ g§J«hmb¶ Wm§Omdwa‘ܶo:
ŠŠ ^maVmVrb n{hbo AÞ g§J«hmb¶ Vm{‘iZmSy> ‘Yrb
Wm§Omdwa ¶m {R>H$mUr 15 Zmoìh|~a 2021 amoOr gwê$
H$aʶmV Ambo.
ŠŠ ho g§J«hmb¶ ^maVr¶ AÞ ‘hm‘§S>i d {dídoídaæ¶m
Am¡Úmo{JH$ d V§ÌkmZ g§J«hmb¶, ~§Jiwê$ ¶m§À¶m g§¶wº$
{dÚ‘mZo ñWmnZ H$aʶmV Ambo Amho.
ŠŠ Wm§Omdya ho ^maVr¶ AÞ ‘hm‘§S>imMo (FCI) CJ‘ñWmZ
AgyZ FCI Mo n{hbo H$m¶m©b¶ (gwê$dmV - 14 OmZo.
1965) ¶mM {R>H$mUr hmoVo.
ŠŠ ho g§J«hmb¶ 1,860 Mm¡ag ’w$Q> joÌmV ngabobo Amho.
ÂÂ ^monmi‘Yrb h~r~J§O aoëdo ñWmZH$mMo ZdrZ
Zm‘H$aU:
ŠŠ 13 Zmoìh|~a 2021 amoOr ^monmi‘Yrb h~r~J§O aoëdo
ñWmZH$mMo Zmd "Jm|S> amUr H$‘bmnVr' Ago H$aʶmV
Ambo Amho.
ŠŠ "Jm|S>o g‘wXm¶ Am{U ^monmiMr qhXÿ amUr' ¶m§À¶m
ñ‘aUmW© ¶m aoëdoñWmZH$mg ho Zmd XoʶmV Ambo Amho.
* aoëdo ñWmZH$mMr d¡{eîQ>ço :
ŠŠ Am¶EgAmo à‘mUnÌ {‘imbobo ho XoemVrb n{hbo aoëdo
ñWmZH$ Amho.
ŠŠ ImgJr-gmd©O{ZH$ ^mJrXmarVyZ C^mabobo n{hbo aoëdo
ñWmZH$
ŠŠ XoemVrb n{hbo OmJ{VH$ XOm©Mo aoëdo ñWmZH$
 {Q>í¶w H$ëMada AmYm[aV ~Q>mQ>m {~¶mUo {Z¶‘m§Zm
‘mݶVm XoUmao n§Om~ n{hbo ^maVr¶ amÁ¶ :
ŠŠ n§Om~Mo ‘mZH$ ~Q>mQ>m {~¶mUo H|$Ð åhUyZ {dH${gV
H$aʶmgmR>r ‘w»¶‘§Ìr MaU{OV qgJ MÞr ¶m§À¶m
ZoV¥ËdmImbr n§Om~ ‘§{Ì‘§imZo "n§Om~ {Q>í¶w H$ëMa
~oñS> grS> ~Q>mQ>m {Z¶‘-2021' bm ‘§Owar {Xbr Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m {ZU©¶m‘wio n§Om~ ho {Q>í¶w H$ëMada AmYm[aV
à‘mUnÌmMr gw{dYm Agbobo n{hbo ^maVr¶ amÁ¶
~Zbo Amho, Oo n§Om~À¶m Omb§Ya-H$nyaWim nQ²>Q>çmbm
~Q>mQ>çmMo {Z¶m©V H|$Ð åhUyZ {dH${gV H$aob.
ÂÂ {X„r ‘oQ´>mobm "‘oQ´>mo aob {dW ~oñQ> n°g|Oa gpìh©gog'
nwañH$ma :
ŠŠ {X„r ‘oQ´>mobm "‘oQ´>mo aob {dW X ~oñQ> n°g|Oa gpìh©gog
A±S> g°{Q>ñ’°$³eZ' (gdm}ËH¥$ï> àdmgr godm Am{U
g‘mYmZmgh ‘oQ´>mo aob loUr A§VJ©V ehar dmhVwH$sVrb
A{^Zd àH$meZ
 2 amOH$s¶ KS>m‘moS>r
Amo~rgr AmajU {dYo¶H$ {dYmZ n[afXoV g§‘V ’$merEdT>çm H$R>moa {ejoMr VaVyX Agbobo 'eº$s'
{dYo`H$ {XZm§H$ 23 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr ‘hmamï´>mÀ`m
ŠŠ amÁ¶mV AmajUmMr ‘¶m©Xm 50 Q>¸o$ H$m¶‘ R>odyZ Amo~rgtZm
{dYmZg^oV ‘§Oya H$aÊ`mV Ambo.
ñWm{ZH$ ñdamÁ¶ g§ñWm§à‘mUoM ‘hmZJanm{bH$m,
ŠŠ ~bmËH$ma, A°{gS> h„m Am{U g‘mO ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ ‘{hbm
ZJanm{bH$m Am{U ZJan§Mm¶VrV Zì¶mZo 27 Q>¸o$
Am{U ~mbH$m§~Ôb Amjonmh© ‘OHy$a Am{U N>m`m{MÌ
AmajU XoUmao {dYo¶H$ {dYmZn[afXoV 24 {S>g|~a
à{gÕ H$ê$Z Ë`m§Mr ~XZm‘r H$aUmè¶m§Zm H$R>moa {ejoMr
2021 amoOr g§‘V H$aʶmV Ambo.
VaVyX `m H$m`ÚmV H$aÊ`mV Ambr AgyZ {ejoÀ`m H$joV
ŠŠ hm H$m¶Xm Amo~rgtZm AmajU {‘idyZ XoʶmgmR>r
nwéfm§~amo~aM ‘{hbm Am{U V¥Vr` n§Wr`m§Zmhr AmUÊ`mV
Agë¶mMo J«m‘{dH$mg ‘§Ìr hgZ ‘wlr’$ ¶m§Zr g^mJ¥hmV
Ambo Amho.
gm§{JVbo Am{U hm R>amd {dYmZ n[afXoV EH$‘VmZo ‘§Oya
ŠŠ J¥h‘§Ìr {Xbrn digo nmQ>rb `m§Zr 22 {S>g|~a 2021
H$aʶmV Ambm
amoOr gXa {dYo`H$ {dYmZg^oV gmXa Ho$bo hmoVo. ho
ŠŠ gdm}ƒ ݶm¶mb¶mÀ¶m A{bH$S>rb {ZU©¶m‘wio ‘hmamï´>mV
{dYo`H$ 2020 gmbr {hdmir A{YdoeZmV ‘m§S>Ê`mV
gܶm Amo~rgtgmR>r eyݶ AmajU Amho. ‘mÌ ‘hmamï´>m‘ܶo
Ambo hmoVo. ‘mÌ `m H$m`Úmbm g§‘Vr XoÊ`mnydu Ë`mda
Amo~rgtMr g§»¶m ‘moR>r AgyZ ˶m§Zm ñWm{ZH$ ñdamÁ¶
nwÝhm Aä`mg H$aÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm Agë`mMo gm§JV ho
g§ñWm§À¶m {ZdS>UwH$m§‘ܶo amOH$s¶ AmajU {‘imbo
{dYo`H$ g§`wº$ g{‘VrH$So> nmR>dÊ`mMr ‘mJUr {damoYH$m§Zr
nm{hOo, hr gaH$maMr R>m‘ ^y{‘H$m Amho.
Ho$br hmoVr. g§`wº$ g§gXr` g{‘VrÀ`m Voam ~¡R>H$sZ§Va ho
ŠŠ gdm}ƒ ݶm¶mb¶mÀ¶m ˶m {ZH$mbm~m~V gaH$maV’}$
{dYo`H$ {dYmZg^oV ‘m§S>Ê`mV Ambo.
nwZ{d©Mma ¶m{MH$m XmIb H$aʶmV ¶oUma Amho. Amo~rgtMo
ŠŠ Am§Y«nXoeÀ`m '{Xem' H$m`Úmdê$Z hm H$m`Xm Ho$bm
AmajU H$m¶‘ amhʶmgmR>r ݶm¶mb¶mZo gm§{JVboë¶m
Amho. na§Vw {Xem H$m`Úmbm amï´>nVtMr ‘§Owar {‘imbr
VrZ MmMʶm nyU© H$aʶmMm à¶ËZ Amho. gaH$maZo XmoZ
Zgë`mZo amÁ`mV eº$s H$m`Xm ‘§Oya Pmbm Var Vmo
MmMʶm Ho$ë¶m AmhoV.
amï´>nVtÀ`m ‘§OwarZ§VaM bmJy hmoB©b.
ŠŠ amÁ¶mV Amo~rgtMo 27 Q>¸o$ AmajU H$m¶‘ R>odVmZmM
EHy$U AmajU 50 Q>¸²$¶m§nojm A{YH$ hmoUma Zmhr, ¶mMr * `m {dYo`H$mVrb ‘hÎdmÀ`m VaVwXr :
gaH$ma H$miOr KoV Amho. 1. ~bmËH$mamgma»`m JwÝømgmR>r ’$merÀ`m qH$dm gl‘
ŠŠ ‘hmamï´>mV Amo~rgr g‘mOKQ>H$m§V 410 OmVr AmhoV. H$mamdmgmÀ`m {ejoMr VaVyX.
¶m KQ>H$m§Mr dñVw{Zð> ‘m{hVr åhUOo Epån[aH$b S>mQ>m 2. ‘{hbodarb A°{gS> hëë¶mÀ`m JwÝømV H$‘rV H$‘r 15
g§H${bV H$aʶmMo H$m‘ gwê$ H$aʶmV ¶oUma Amho. df© Vo AmOÝ‘ H$mamdmg Am{U X§S>mÀ`m {ejoMr VaVyX.
amÁ¶ ‘mJmgdJ© Am¶moJmÀ¶m Aܶjm§Mr ˶mgmR>r {Z¶wº$s VgoM X§S>mÀ`m aH$‘oVyZ ‘{hboda ßbmpñQ>H$ gO©ar d
H$aʶmV Ambr Amho. amOH$s¶ AmajUmgmR>r gaH$ma AÝ` CnMmam§Mm IM© H$aÊ`mV `oB©b.
Jm§^r¶m©Zo à¶ËZ H$arV Amho. ˶mgmR>r amÁ¶mVrb 3. ‘{hboMm {dZ`^§Jm{edm` g§XoedhZmÀ`m H$moUË`mhr
Amo~rgtZm nwÝhm amOH$s¶ AmajU XoʶmgmR>r gwYm[aV gmYZmÛmao Aûcrb g§^mfU H$aUmè`m§Zm qH$dm Y‘H$s
{dYo¶H$ {dYmZ n[afXoV EH$‘VmZo g§‘V H$aʶmV Ambo. XoUmè`m§Zm hmoUmè`m {ejoV AmVm nwéfm§~amo~aM ‘{hbm
[[[[ Am{U V¥Vr`n§Wr `m§Zmhr g‘m{dï> H$aÊ`mV Ambo Amho.
4. H$m`ÚmÝd`o XmIb hmoUmè`m JwÝøm§À`m Mm¡H$ergmR>r
"eº$s' {dYo`H$ {dYmZg^oV ‘§Oya
nmo{bgm§Zm Amdí`H$ ‘m{hVr XoÊ`mg ZH$ma XoUmè`m
ŠŠ ‘{hbm d ~mbH$m§darb AË`mMmam{damoYmV VmVS>rZo H$R>moa qH$dm Q>mimQ>mi H$aUmè`m B§Q>aZoQ> qH$dm ‘mo~mB©b S>mQ>m
{ejm H$aÊ`mgmR>r Am{U ~bmËH$mamgma»`m JwÝøm§gmR>r nwadR>mXma H§$nÝ`m§Zm AmVm VrZ ‘{hÝ`m§Mm H$mamdmg

34 amOH$s¶ KS>m‘moS>r A{^Zd àH$meZ

 Am{U 25 bmI én`m§À`m X§S>mÀ`m {ejoMr VaVyX. nydu H$m¶Xm (gwYmaUm) {dYo¶H$ 2021' ho 20 {S>g|~a
hr VaVyX EH$ ‘{hZm H$mamdmg Am{U 5 bmI én`o X§S> 2021 amoOr bmoH$g^oV, Va 21 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr
Aer hmoVr. amÁ¶g^oV AmdmOr ‘VXmZmZo ‘§Oya H$aʶmV Ambo.
5. b¢{JH$ JwÝømÀ`m ~m~VrV 30 {Xdgm§À`m AmV Mm¡H$er ŠŠ bmoH$à{V{ZYr H$m¶Xm 1950 Am{U 1951 ‘ܶo XþéñVr
nyU© H$aÊ`mMr VaVyX H$aÊ`mV Ambr AgyZ `m H$mimV H$aUmao ho {dYo¶H$ hmoVo.
hr Mm¡H$er nyU© Pmbr Zmhr Va {deof nmobrg ‘hm{ZarjH$ ŠŠ ¶m {ZdS>UyH$ H$m¶Xm XþéñVr {dYo¶H$mÛmao ‘VXmam§Mo
qH$dm Am`wº$ `m§Zm `mo½` Vr H$maUo XoD$Z hr ‘wXV AmUIr {ZdS>UyH$ AmoiInÌ AmVm ˶m§À¶m AmYma H«$‘m§H$mer
EH$ ‘{hZm dmT>{dÊ`mMo A{YH$ma XoÊ`mV Ambo AmhoV. OmoS>bo OmUma Amho.
6. `m H$m`ÚmMm J¡admna hmoD$ Z`o `mgmR>r ImoQ>r VH«$ma ŠŠ AmYma H«$‘m§H$ ‘VXmZ AmoiInÌmbm OmoS>ʶmV Amë¶m‘wio
Ho$ë`mg qH$dm JwÝøm~m~V nmo{bgm§Zm ImoQ>r ‘m{hVr ~ZmdQ> ‘VXmam§À¶m Zmdm§Mr doJdoJù¶m ‘VXmag§Km§‘Yrb
{Xë`mMo {gÕ Pmë`mg VH«$maXmamg VrZ dfmªn`ªV ¶mXr‘ܶo Pmbobr nwZamd¥Îmr H$mTy>Z Q>mH$Uo e³¶ hmoUma
H$mamdmgmMr {ejm Am{U EH$ bmImÀ`m X§S>mMr VaVyX. Amho.
Mind it ŠŠ {dYr Am{U ݶm¶ {df¶H$ ñWm¶r g{‘VrZo {ZdS>UyH$
Am§Y« àXoeMm "{Xem' H$m`Xm AmoiInÌ AmYma H«$‘m§H$mer OmoS>ʶmMr {e’$mag
ÊÊ Am§Y« àXoe amÁ`mZo {S>g|~a 2019 ‘Ü`o 'Am§Y« àXoe {Xem Ho$ë¶mZ§Va ho XþéñVr {dYo¶H$ gaH$maZo ‘§Oya Ho$ë¶mMo
H$m`Xm 2019' g§‘V Ho$bm hmoVm. `m H$m`ÚmZwgma- H|$Ðr¶ {d{Y‘§Ìr {H$aU [aOyOy ¶m§Zr gm§{JVbo.
1. ~bmËH$mamMm Amamon {gÕ Pmë`mg g§~§{YV ZamY‘mbm
21 {Xdgm§‘Ü`o ’$merMr {ejm.
2. nmo{bgm§Zm gmV {Xdgm§‘Ü`o ~bmËH$ma àH$aUmMm Vnmg
nyU© H$amdm bmJob.
3. Am§Y« àXoe‘Yrb gd© 13 {Oëøm§‘Ü`o {deof Ý`m`mb`m§Mr
ñWmnZm.
4. B©-‘ob, gmoeb ‘r{S>`m d BVa {S>{OQ>b ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ
‘{hbm§Zm Ìmg XoUmè`m§Zm XmoZ Vo Mma dfmªÀ¶m {ejoMr
VaVyX.
ÊÊ `m H$m`ÚmbmM ZwgVm '{Xem H$m`Xm' qH$dm "Am§Y«àXoe
’$m¡OXmar gwYmaUm H$m`Xm 2019' Agohr åhUVmV.
ÊÊ `m H$m`ÚmÛmao Am§Y« àXoe ho ~bmËH$mè`m§Zm ’$merÀ`m
{ejoMr VaVyX AgUmam H$m`Xm H$aUmao XoemVrb n{hbo
g§gXoÀ¶m {hdmir A{YdoeZmV (Zmoìh|.-{S>g|.
amÁ` R>abo Amho.
2021) nm[aV H$aʶmV Amboë¶m {dYo¶H$m§Mr
ÊÊ ‘{hbm§darb dmT>Vo gm‘w{hH$ AË`mMma Am{U h¡Xam~mX‘Ü`o
¶mXr nmhʶmgmR>r Imbrb QR Code Amnë¶m
KS>boë`m EH$m newd¡ÚH$ ‘{hbodarb ~bmËH$ma d hË`oÀ`m ‘mo~mB©b‘Yrb Google lens qH$dm
nmœ©^y‘rda hm H$m`Xm H$aÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. BVa App ‘ܶo ñH°$Z H$am
ÊÊ h¡Xam~mX `oWrb ‘¥V {nS>rVoMo Zmd nmo{bgm§Zr '{Xem' Ago
R>odbo hmoVo d Ë`mdê$Z `m H$m`Úmbm '{Xem H$m`Xm' Ago
Zmd XoÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo.

[[[[
{ZdS>UyH$ H$m¶Xm (gwYmaUm) {dYo¶H$ 2021
g§gXoV ‘§Oya
ŠŠ ‘VXma AmoiInÌ AmYma H«$‘m§H$mer OmoS>Umao "{ZdS>UyH$ [[[[

A{^Zd àH$meZ amOH$s¶ KS>m‘moS>r 35

 d¡km{ZH$, n¶m©daUr¶ d
3 Amamo½¶{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r
A§V^©yV CnKQ>H$
A) d¡km{ZH$, g§ajU{df¶H$ d AdH$mer¶ KS>m‘moS>r
~) Amamo½¶{df¶H$ KS>m‘moS>r
H$) n¶m©daUr¶ KS>m‘moS>r
A) d¡km{ZH$, g§ajU{df¶H$ d
AdH$mer¶ KS>m‘moS>r
OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>çm Am{U gdm©V ep³Vembr
A§Vami Xþ{~©UrMo ¶eñdr àjonU
ŠŠ 'Ooåg do~ ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon' (James Webb Space
Telescope) ¶m OJmVrb gdm©V ‘moR>çm Am{U gdm©V
e{º$embr A§Vami / AdH$meñW Xþ{~©UrMo (space
telescope) 25 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr ¶eñdr àjonU
H$aʶmV Ambo.
ŠŠ X{jU A‘o[aHo$À¶m B©emݶ ^mJmVrb ’«|$M J¶mZm ¶oWrb
H$m¡amoD$ AdH$me àjonU H|$Ðmdê$Z 'E[a¶Z 5 BgrE'
[Ariane 5 ECA (V-256)] ¶m àjonH$mÀ¶m ghmæ¶mZo
ho àjonU H$aʶmV Ambo.
hh "Ooåg do~ ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon' Mr à‘wI d¡{eï>ço :
ŠŠ NASA (National Aeronautics and Space
Administration) ‘ܶo 1961 Vo 1968 Xaå¶mZ
àemgH$ Agboë¶m d Anmobmo àmoJ«m‘‘ܶo qghmMm dmQ>m
CMbboë¶m 'Ooåg do~' ¶m§À¶m Zmdmdê$Z ¶m Xþ{~©Urbm
'Ooåg do~ ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon' ho Zmd XoʶmV Ambo Amho.
ŠŠ dOZ (mass) : 6200 {H$bmoJ«m‘
48 d¡km{ZH$, n¶m©daUr¶ d Amamo½¶{df¶H$
ŠŠ H$mbmdYr : 10 df}.
ŠŠ H$m¶©H$mar Vmn‘mZ : -230 g|{Q>J«oS>.
ŠŠ A‘o[aH$s AdH$me g§emoYZ g§ñWm- Zmgm, ¶wamo{n¶Z
ñnog EOÝgr (Bgm) Am{U H°$Z{S>¶Z ñnog EOÝgr
¶m§À¶m g§¶wº$ {dÚ‘mZo ¶m do~ Q>o{bñH$monMr {Z{‘©Vr
H$aʶmV Ambr Amho.
ŠŠ {Z{‘©VrgmR>r Pmbobm IM© : gw‘mao 10 AãO S>m°bg©.
ŠŠ ¶m Xþ{~©UrMo ¶eñdr àjonU Pmbo AgyZ AmVm {hbm
n¥ÏdrnmgyZ gw‘mao 15 bmI {H$‘r A§Vamda AgUmè¶m
'b°J«oÝO nm°BªQ> 2' (Langrange Point 2) (n¥Ïdr
Am{U gy¶m©À¶m JwéËdmH$f©UmMm g‘mZ à^md Agob Aem
AdH$memVrb nmM q~Xÿ§n¡H$s EH$) ¶oWo nwT>rb ‘{hݶm^amV
àñWm{nV Ho$bo OmB©b.
ŠŠ Q>o{bñH$monMm ‘w»¶ A§Vd©H«$ Amagm (main mirror)
EHy$U 6.5 ‘rQ>a ì¶mgmMm AgyZ, gwdU©bon {Xboë¶m
18 fQ²H$moZr ^mJm§nmgyZ V¶ma Ho$bobm Amho. Ooåg do~
Q>o{bñH$monÀ¶m gmømZo Ñí¶, {ZAa BÝ’«$maoS> Am{U {‘S>
BÝ’«$maoS> (Va§Jbm§~r 0.6 Vo 28.5 ‘m¶H«$mo‘rQ>a) bhatMr
Zm|X KoʶmV ¶oB©b.
ŠŠ 1996 ‘ܶo ¶m Q>o{bñH$monÀ¶m {Z{‘©Vrbm gwédmV Pmbr
hmoVr. 20 Xoem§‘Yrb emók Am{U V§Ìkm§Mm hmV^ma
bmJbm AgyZ, EHy$U Mma H$moQ>r ‘mZdr Vmgm§‘ܶo ¶m
Q>o{bñH$monMr {Z{‘©Vr H$aʶmV Ambr Amho.
A{^Zd àH$meZ
ŠŠ AdH$memV Jobr 31 df} H$m¶©aV AgUmè¶m 'h~b ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon'nojm (àjonU : 1990) H$mhr nQ>tZr A{YH$ {ZarjU
j‘Vm Agbobm hm Q>o{bñH$mon {dœmVrb A{VXÿaÀ¶m Am{U A{Ve¶ ‘§X àH$memMo {ZarjU H$ê$ eHo$b, Agm emókm§Zm
{dœmg dmQ>Vmo. h~b ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon hm Ñí¶ Am{U AëQ´>m ìhm¶moboQ> bhatMr Zm|X KoVmo; Va Ooåg do~ Q>o{bñH$monÀ¶m
gmømZo {dœmVrb {d{dY KQ>H$m§nmgyZ {ZKUmè¶m BÝ’«$maoS> bhatMo {ZarjU H$aʶmV ¶oB©b.
ŠŠ ¶m Q>o{bñH$monbm OmoS>boë¶m nmM Wam§À¶m nS>ÚmZo gy¶m©H$Sy>Z ¶oUmam àH$me Am{U CîUVm AS>dyZ Q>o{bñH$mon {dœmÀ¶m
{d{dY ^mJm§Mo {ZarjU H$arb. ao{S>Amo g§Xoem§Ûmao ¶m Zm|Xr n¥ÏdrH$S>o nwT>rb Aä¶mgmgmR>r nmR>dʶmV ¶oVrb.
ŠŠ ~mø gy¶©‘mboVrb J«hm§À¶m dmVmdaUmnmgyZ Vo Xr{K©H$m§À¶m H|$Ðmer AgUmè¶m ãb°H$hmob^modVrÀ¶m KS>m‘moS>r {Q>nʶmMr
j‘Vm Ooåg do~ Q>o{bñH$monH$S>o Amho.
ŠŠ gw‘mao 13.5 AãO dfmªnydu ‘hmñ’$moQ>mZ§Va KS>boë¶m {dœmVrb n{hë¶m àH$me‘mZ KQ>Zm§Mr Zm|X KoʶmÀ¶m hoVyZo Ooåg do~
Q>o{bñH$monMr {Z{‘©Vr H$aʶmV Ambr Amho.
ŠŠ {dœm~ÔbMo AZoH$ AkmV n¡by Ooåg do~ ñnog Q>o{bñH$mon‘wio CbJS>Vrb, Aer IJmob emókm§Zm Amem Amho.

A{^Zd àH$meZ d¡km{ZH$, n¶m©daUr¶ d Amamo½¶{df¶H$ 49

 gm‘m{OH$, e¡j{UH$ d
4 gm§ñH¥${VH$ KS>m‘moS>r
ŠŠ ¶m AhdmbmZwgma ehar ^mJmV àOZZ Xa gamgar 1.6
A) gm‘m{OH$ KS>m‘moS>r
AgyZ, J«m‘rU ^mJmV Vmo 2.1 Amho. ‘hmamï´>mMm àOZZ
amï´>r¶ H$m¡Qw>§{~H$ Amamo½¶ gd}jU Ahdmb 2021
Xa 2014-15 ‘Yrb 1.9 dê$Z 157 n¶ªV Imbr
Ambm Amho. (EH$ ór {VÀ¶m Am¶wî¶mV {H$Vr ‘wbm§Zm
ŠŠ H|$Ðr¶ Amamo½¶ d Hw$Qw>§~H$ë¶mU ‘§Ìmb¶mZo 'amï´>r¶ Hw$Qw>§~ OÝ‘ XoVo ¶mMo à‘mU åhUOo àOZZXa hmo¶).
Amamo½¶ gd}jU Ahdmbm'Mr 5 dr Amd¥Îmr (National ŠŠ àOZZXa XmoZhÿZ A{YH$ AgUmar amÁ¶o :
Family Health Survey : NHFS-5) 24 Zmoìh|~a 1) {~hma (3) 2) ‘oKmb¶ (2.9)
2021 amoOr Omhra Ho$br. 3) CÎma àXoe (2.4) 4) PmaI§S> (2.3)
ŠŠ ho gd}jU 2019 Vo 2021 À¶m ‘m{hVrda AmYm[aV Amho. 5) ‘{Unya (2.2)
* ¶m AhdmbmVrb R>iH$ ~m~r : ŠŠ àOZZXa 1.6 AgUmar amÁ¶o : n§Om~, n{ü‘ ~§Jmb.
ŠŠ ¶m AhdmbmZwgma ^maVmVrb ‘{hbm§Mr g§»¶m
n{hë¶m§XmM nwê$fm§nojm A{YH$ Pmbr AgyZ ho à‘mU
1000 nwéfm§À¶m ‘mJo 1020 ‘{hbm Ago Pmbo Amho.
ŠŠ Am{W©H$ ~m~VrV ‘{hbm§Mm gh^mJ, b¢{JH$ ^oX^md
Am{U {df‘Vm ¶m§À¶mer bT>m, J^©YmaUmnyd© d àgdnyd©
{ZXmZV§Ì qbJ {ZdS>rg à{V~§Y H$m¶ÚmMr (PCPNDT
Act) A§‘b~OmdUr ¶m§gma»¶m Cnm¶¶moOZm§Ûmao darb
gH$mamË‘H$ qbJ JwUmoÎma gmܶ Pmë¶mMo AmT>iyZ Ambo
Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m AhdmbmZwgma, 1000 nwéfm§‘mJo ‘{hbm§Mr gdm©{YH$
g§»¶m Ho$ai‘ܶo (1121) Amho.
* 2019-20 À¶m ‘m{hVrda AmYm[aV hm Ahdmb
* BVa d¡{eîQ>ço :
(NHFS-5) Am{U 2015-16 À¶m ‘m{hVrda AmYm[aV
NHFS-4 Ahdmb ¶m§Mr VwbZm :
1) ‘wbm§Mr bgrH$aU ‘mohr‘ :
ŠŠ ¶m gd}jUmZwgma, 12-23 ‘{hZo d¶moJQ>mVrb ‘wbm§‘Yrb
‘wÔm NHFS-5 NHFS-4 g§nyU© bgrH$aU ‘mo{h‘oV ApIb ^maVr¶ ñVamda 62%
1) qbJ JwUmoÎma 1020 991 dê$Z 76% n¶ªV bjUr¶ gwYmaUm Zm|Xdbr Jobr Amho.
2) àOZZXa 2 2.2 NFHS-4 Am{U NFHS-5 À¶m S>oQ>mMr VwbZm Ho$ë¶mg,
3) ñdV…À¶m Zmdo ~±H$ ImVo 79% 53% {d{dY amÁ¶o Am{U H|$Ðem{gV àXoem§‘ܶo nyU© bgrH$aU
AgUmè¶m ‘{hbm§Mo à‘mU H$ìhaoO‘ܶo doJmZo dmT> Pmë¶mMo {XgyZ Ambo Amho.
4) Hw$Qw>§~ {Z¶moOZmMr gmYZo 56.5% 47.8% Amo{S>em‘ܶo ‘wbm§‘Yrb bgrH$aU gdm©{YH$ åhUOoM
dmnaUmè¶m§Mr g§»¶m 90% Amho.
5) Hw$Qw>§~ {Z¶moOZmMr ‘m{hVr 62% 46% ŠŠ ho gd}jU EHy$U XmoZ Q>ß߶mV H$aʶmV Ambo. n{hë¶m
AgUmè¶m§Mo à‘mU Q>ß߶mV EHy$U 22 amÁ¶o Am{U H|$Ðem{gV àXoem§Mo
6) 15 dfm©Imbrb 26.5% 34.9% gd}jU H$ê$Z ˶mMm {ZîH$f© {S>g|~a 2020 ‘ܶo à{gÕ
bmoH$g§»¶oMo à‘mU H$aʶmV Ambm. Va Xþgè¶m Q>ß߶mV Cd©[aV 14 amÁ¶o
Am{U H|$Ðem{gV àXoem§Mo gd}jU H$ê$Z ˶mMm {ZîH$f©

82 gm‘m{OH$, e¡j{UH$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$ KS>m‘moS>r A{^Zd àH$meZ

 Be Aware About It
 n§Om~ amÁ¶ CËgd … H¥$îU ~bam‘ OJÞmW aW¶mÌm … ŠŠ amï´>r¶ ¶wdm {XZmMo Am¡{M˶ gmYV H$moH$U ‘amR>r gm{h˶
ŠŠ n§Om~Mo ‘w»¶‘§Ìr MaUOrV qgJ MÞr ¶m§Zr ^JdmZ n[afXoÀ¶m (H$moggmn) "¶wdmeº$s' g{‘VrV’}$ 11 d 12
H¥$îU ~bam‘ OJÞmW aW¶mÌog {S>g|~a 2021 ‘ܶo OmZodmar 2022 amoOr R>mʶmV amÁ¶ñVar¶ "¶wdm gm{h˶
amÁ¶ CËgd Kmo{fV Ho$bm Amho. g§‘obZ' Am¶mo{OV H$aʶmV ¶oUma Amho.
ŠŠ 25 ì¶m lr ^JdmZ H¥$îU ~bam‘ OJÞmW aW¶mÌodoir ŠŠ ho g§‘obZ R>mʶmVrb S>m°. H$m{eZmW KmUoH$a ZmQ>çJ¥h
{hadm P|S>m XmIdVmZm n§Om~À¶m ‘w»¶‘§Í¶m§Zr hr KmofUm ¶oWo hmoUma Amho.
Ho$br Amho. * ¶m ¶wdm gm{h˶ g§‘obZm{df¶r :
ŠŠ bwYr¶mZm ¶oWrb BñH$m°Z ‘§{XamV 2.51 H$amoS> ê$n¶o
ŠŠ Aܶj : àUd gIXod
{ZYr Omhra H$aʶmV Ambm Amho.
ŠŠ ñdmJVmܶj : R>mʶmMo ‘hmnm¡a Zaoe åhñHo$
ŠŠ n§Om~ gaH$ma n{Q>¶mbm ¶oWo 20 EH$a O{‘Zrda
ŠŠ g‘mamon : àm. S>m°. àXrn T>di {b{IV "{ed~m'
lr‘X²^JdXJrVm d am‘m¶U g§emoYZ H|$Ð {dH${gV H$aV
ZmQ>H$mÀ¶m à¶moJmZo
Amho.
ÂÂ ^maVmVrb H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>m§Mr H«$‘dmar :
ÂÂ 36 dr amï´>r¶ g§emoYZ n[afX :
ŠŠ ^maVr¶ H¥$fr g§emoYZ n[afXoZo (ICAR) 2020 gmR>rMr
ŠŠ B§{S>¶Z gmogm¶Q>r ’$m°a ñQ>{S>O BZ H$mo Am°naoeZ,
XoemVrb H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>m§Mr H«$‘dmar {S>g|~a 2021 ‘ܶo
nwUo V’}$ gm{dÌr~mB© ’w$bo nwUo {dÚmnrR>mÀ¶m kmZoída
Omhra Ho$br.
g^mJ¥hmV 36 ì¶m amï´>r¶ g§emoYZ n[afXoMo Am¶moOZ 10
ŠŠ XoemVrb 67 H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>m§Mm H«$‘dmarV g‘mdoe AgyZ
d 11 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr H$aʶmV Ambo hmoVo.
2019 À¶m VwbZoV 2020 À¶m H«$‘dmarV ‘hmamï´>mVrb
ŠŠ ghH$mamMo gj‘rH$aU ìhmdo Am{U ¶m jooÌmV ¶wdH$m§Mm
H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>m§Mo ñWmZ C§Mmdbo Amho.
gh^mJ dmT>mdm hm ¶m n[afXoMm CÔoe Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m n[afXMo CX²KmQ>Z ^maVr¶ amï´>r¶ ghH$ma n[afXoMo * ¶m H«$‘dmarV ‘hmamï´>mVrb H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>m§Mo ñWmZ :
Aܶj {Xbrn^mB© g§KmZr (‘mOr ‘§Ìr, JwOamV) ¶m§Zr
1) H|$Ðr¶ ‘Ëñ¶ {ejU g§ñWm, ‘w§~B© (7 do ñWmZ)
Ho$bo.
2) ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>, amhþar (23 do ñWmZ)
 {~hma amÁ¶mVyZ gdm©V OmñV Jm§Om Oár :
3) n§Om~amd Xoe‘wI H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>, AH$mobm (26 do
ŠŠ Xmê$~§Xr‘wio Joë¶m 5 dfm©V {~hma‘ܶo gdm©{YH$ Jm§Om d ñWmZ)
Ad¡Y Xmê$ {dH«$sMo à‘mU dmT>bo Amho. 4) ‘hmamï´> new Am{U ‘Ëñ¶{dkmZ {dÚmnrR>, ZmJnwa
ŠŠ ‘hgwb JwáMa g§MmbZmb¶ (DRI) Zo {Xboë¶m (36 do ñWmZ)
5) S>m°. ~mimgmho~ gmd§V H$moH$U H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>, Xmnmobr
‘m{hVrZwgma {~hma amÁ¶mVyZ XoemV gdm©{YH$ Jm§Om Oár
H$aʶmV Ambr Amho. (42 do ñWmZ)
ŠŠ E{àb 2016 ‘ܶo Zr{Ve Hw$‘ma gaH$maZo {~hma‘ܶo 6) dg§Vamd ZmB©H$ ‘amR>dmS>m H¥$fr {dÚmnrR>, na^Ur
Xmê$ {dH«$s d godZmda ~§Xr KmVbr hmoVr, ¶m H$maUm‘wio (51 do ñWmZ)
Jm§Om {dH«$s‘ܶo dmT> Pmbr. ŠŠ ¶m H«$‘dmarV amï´>r¶ S>oAar g§emoYZ g§ñWm, H$aZmb
(h[a¶mUm) àW‘ H«$‘m§H$mda Amho.
* 2020-21 ¶m dfm©Vrb XoemVrb gdm©{YH$ Jm§Om Oár
ÂÂ {ZOm‘wÔrZ ~ñVr àH$ënmg XmoZ "¶wZoñH$mo ho[aQ>oO
Pmbobr amÁ¶o :
nwañH$ma' :
H«$. amÁ¶ àH$aUo Oá Jm§Om (kg) ŠŠ {ZOm‘wÔrZ nwZê$‚mrdZ àH$ën, Zdr {X„rVrb
1. {~hma 12 13,446 Eo{Vhm{gH$ {ZOm‘wÔrZ ~ñVr g‘wXm¶mÀ¶m g‘J« ZmJar
2. ZmJmb±S> 10 9,001 nwZê$‚mrdZmdarb ^maVmÀ¶m àH$ënmZo "gm§ñH¥${VH$
3. CÎmaàXoe 6 8,386 dmagm g§dY©Z 2021' gmR>r "¶wZoñH$mo Am{e¶m-n°{g{’$H$
 ¶wdm gm{h˶ g§‘obZ R>mUo ¶oWo hmoUma : nwañH$ma' qOH$bo Amho.

A{^Zd àH$meZ gm‘m{OH$, e¡j{UH$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$ KS>m‘moS>r 103

 6 Am§Vaamï´>r¶ KS>m‘moS>r
^maV Am{U a{e¶m‘ܶo 28 H$ama hmoVm. ^maV Am{U a{e¶m‘Yrb hm n{hbmM '2+2'
g§dmX hmoVm. ¶m g§dmXm‘ܶo XmoÝhr Xoem§Mo naamï´>‘§Ìr
ŠŠ 6 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr a{e¶mMo amï´>mܶj ìbm{X‘ra
Am{U g§ajU ‘§Ìr gh^mJr Pmbo hmoVo.
nw{VZ ^maV ^oQ>rda Ambo hmoVo. ¶m ^oQ>rXaå¶mZ nwVrZ
Am{U ^maVmMo n§VàYmZ Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§À¶mXaå¶mZ Zdr
{X„rVrb h¡Xam~mX hmD$g ¶oWo '21 dr ^maV-a{e¶m
{eIa n[afX' nma nS>br.
ŠŠ ¶m n[afXoXaå¶mZ ^maV Am{U a{e¶m‘ܶo EHy$U 28
H$amam§da ñdmjè¶m Pmë¶m.
ŠŠ ¶m 28 H$amam§n¡H$s 'EHo$ - 203 am¶’$ëgMo CËnmXZ'
hm gdm©V ‘hÎdmMm H$ama Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m{edm¶ ¶m n[afXoV [aPìh© ~±H$ Am°’$ B§{S>¶m Am{U ~±H$
Am°’$ a{e¶m ¶m§Zr gm¶~a hëë¶m§Mm à{VH$ma H$aʶmgmR>r
H$ama Ho$bm.
* "EHo$ - 203 am¶’$ëgMo CËnmXZ' H$aʶmg§~§YrÀ¶m
H$amam{df¶r :
ŠŠ 5000 H$moQ>r én¶m§À¶m gw‘mao 6 bmI EHo$ - 203
(AK-203) am¶’$btMo CËnmXZ H$aʶm{df¶rMm hm
H$ama Amho.
ŠŠ CÎma àXoe‘Yrb A‘oR>r ¶oWo ¶m am¶’$btMo CËnmXZ
hmoB©b.
ŠŠ A‘oR>r {OëømVrb H$moadm ¶oWrb 'B§S>mo-a{e¶Z Am°S>©ZÝg gd© 28 H$amam§Mr ¶mXr
’°$ŠQ>ar'‘ܶo ¶m am¶’$btMo CËnmXZ Ho$bo OmUma Amho.
ŠŠ 'B§S>mo-a{e¶m am¶’$ëg àm¶ìhoQ> {b{‘Q>oS>' À¶m
‘mܶ‘mVyZ ¶m am¶’$btMo CËnmXZ hmoUma Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m H$amamA§VJ©V ¶m am¶’$br nwT>rb Xhm dfm©V V¶ma [[[[
Ho$ë¶m OmUma AmhoV. Amobm’$ emoëP - O‘©ZrMo ZdrZ M°Ýgba
ŠŠ H$moadm ¶oWo CËnm{XV hmoUmar EHo$ - 203 am¶’$b EHo$
- 47 am¶’$brnojm AÚ¶mdV Amho. ŠŠ Amobm’$ emoëP ¶m§Zr 8 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr O‘©ZrMo
ŠŠ ¶m am¶’$brVyZ 300 ‘rQ>an¶ªVMo bú¶ AMyH$nUo {Q>nVm ZdrZ M°Ýgba åhUyZ nX^ma ñdrH$mabm.
¶oB©b. ˶mnwT>rb nëë¶mdahr ¶mVyZ ‘mam H$aVm ¶oUma ŠŠ 8 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr O‘©ZrÀ¶m g§gXo‘ܶo Pmboë¶m
Amho. ‘VXmZmV emoëP ¶m§À¶m ~mOyZo 395, Va {damoYmV 303
ŠŠ A{Ve¶ H$‘r dOZ, gd© n[apñWVr‘ܶo H$m¶©j‘ Am{U ‘Vo nS>br.
dmnaʶmgmR>r gmonr, Ago ¶m am¶’$brMo d¡{eîQ>ç Amho. ŠŠ emoëP ho '’o$S>ab [anpãbH$ Am°’$ O‘©Zr' Mo (Xþgè¶m
ŠŠ ^maV Am{U a{e¶m ¶m§À¶m {eIa n[afXoXaå¶mZ ^maV ‘hm¶wÕmZ§VaMr O‘©Zr) Zddo M°Ýgba R>abo AmhoV.
Am{U a{e¶mZo '2+2' g§dmXXoIrb Am¶mo{OV Ho$bm ŠŠ emoëP ¶m§À¶mnydu A±Oobm ‘H}$b ¶m 2005 Vo 2021
n¶ªV O‘©ZrÀ¶m M°Ýgba hmo˶m.

A{^Zd àH$meZ Am§Vaamï´>r¶ KS>m‘moS>r 119

 à‘wI Am§Vaamï´>r¶ g§KQ>Zm

g§KQ>ZoMo Zmd ñWmnZm d gXñ¶ Aܶj / AZwf§JrH$ ‘m{hVr A{bH$S>rb n[afXm/

‘w»¶mb¶ g§»¶m ‘hmg{Md ~¡R>H$m
g§¶wº$ amï´> g§KQ>Zm 24 Am°³Q>mo~a 193 A±Q>mo{ZAmo Xadfu gßQ>|~a ‘{hݶmV UNO Xadfu gßQ>|~a
(UNO) 1945, - JwQ>o[ag À¶m Am‘g^oMo A{YdoeZ AgVo. ‘{hݶmV Am‘g^oMo
ݶy¶m°H©$ (nmoVw©Jmb) H$m¶m©b¶rZ ^mfm : B§J«Or, ’«|$M, A{YdoeZ hmoVo.
(A‘o[aH$m) a{e¶Z, Mm¶{ZO, ñn°{Ze, Aao{~H$

Am§Vaamï´>r¶ 27 {S>g|~a 190 (190 S>m°. {H«$ñQ>{bZm {dÎmr¶ df© - 1 ‘o Vo 30 E{àb.2020 Mr ~¡R>H$ …
ZmUo{ZYr 1945, dm°qe½Q>Z dm gXñ¶ : Om°{O©dm ^maV hm g§ñWmnH$ gXñ¶ Amho. 12 Vo 18 Am°³Q>mo~a
(IMF) ({~«Q>Z dwS>g² A±S>moam) (~ëJo[a¶m) IMF gXñ¶ amï´>m§Zm 2020 (Am^mgr
n[afXoÛmam ñWmnZm) AënH$mbrZ H$O©nwadR>m H$aVo. nÜXVrZo)
[MbZ - SDR (H$mJXr
gmoZo)]
OmJ{VH$ ~±H$ 31 {S>g|~a 189 S>opìhS> ‘mbnmg {dÎmr¶ df© - 1 Owb¡ Vo 30 OyZ. (à˶oH$ spring
(WB) 1945, dm°qe½Q>Z (A‘o[aH$m) WB gXñ¶ amï´>m§Zm XrK©H$mbrZ meeting dm°qe½Q>Z
({~«Q>Z dwS>g² H$O©nwadR>m H$aVo. ¶oWoM hmoVo.) 2021
n[afXoÛmam ñWmnZm) ^maV ¶m g§KQ>ZoMm g§ñWmnH$ Mr ~¡R>H$-11 Vo 17
gXñ¶ Amho. à‘wI àH$meZ Am°³Q>mo~a 2021
: World Development (Am^mgr nÜXVrZo)
Report.
OmJ{VH$ 1 OmZodmar 1995, 164 S>m°.ÝJmoPr - ‘moamo¸$mo H$amamÛmao ñWmnZm 11 dr - {S>g|~a
ì¶mnma g§KQ>Zm {O{Zìhm AmoH$m|Omo Bdrbm - 15 E{àb 1994 amoOr 2017 ã¶wZm°g Eoaog
(WTO) (pñdËPbªS>) (Zm¶Oo[a¶m)- ^maVmgh 117 Xoem§À¶m D$ê$½do (AO]{Q>Zm)
1 ‘mM© 2021 ’o$arV S>§Ho$b àñVmdmda ñdmjè¶m d 12 dr ({Z.)- 2021
nmgyZ ˶mÛmao ñWmnZm. H$PmH$ñVmZ (nwT>o
àH$meZ - World Trade T>H$bʶmV Ambr
Report Amho.)
X{jU Am{e¶mB© 8 {S>g|~a 1985, 8 Egmbm ê$dmZ gmH©$Mo AmnÎmr ì¶dñWmnZ H|$Ð 18 dr Zmoìh|. 2014-
àmXo{eH$ H$mR>‘m§Sy> draHw$Z {X„r ¶oWo Amho. H$mR>‘m§Sy> (Zonmi)
ghH$m¶© g§KQ>Zm (Zonmi) (lrb§H$m) Kmofdm³¶ - 'Building
(SAARC) (1 ‘mM© 2020 bridges'.
nmgyZ) gXñ¶ - ^maV, nm{H$ñVmZ,
A’$Jm{UñVmZ, Zonmi, ^yVmZ,
~m§½bmXoe, lrb§H$m, ‘mbXrd
Am{g¶mZ 8 Am°JñQ>, 10 brZ Om°H$ hmoB© g§~§{YV dfm©Mr n[afX Á¶m XoemV 37 dr - 12 Zmoìh|.
(Association of 1967 (~±H$m±H$ (~«wZoB©) hmoVo, ˶m XoemMm à‘wI ˶m 2020 (pìhEVZm‘)
Southeast Asian OmhraZmå¶m- (‘hmg{Md) dfm©nwaVm Aܶj AgVmo. 38 dr - 26 Vo
Nations)
Zwgma), OH$mVm© gܶmMo Aܶj - ëJw¶oZ ewAma 28 Am°³Q>mo. 2021
(B§S>moZo{e¶m) ’w$H$ (pìhEVZm‘Mo {dÚ‘mZ (~«wZoB©)
n§VàYmZ)
- Kmofdm³¶ - EH$ Ñï>r, EH$
AmoiI, EH$ g‘wXm¶.

A{^Zd àH$meZ Am§Vaamï´>r¶ KS>m‘moS>r 131

 7 MM}Vrb ì¶{³V‘Ëdo
ŠŠ {Q‰>Q>aMo CEO åhUyZ AJ«dmb ¶m§Zm ^Îmo Am{U ~moZggh
A) {deof H$m‘{Jar
dfm©bm 10 bmI A‘o[aH$s S>m°ba doVZ {‘iUma Amho.
namJ AJ«dmb Mind It...
ŠŠ Zmoìh|~a 2021 ‘ܶo OJmVrb ~bmT>ç H§$nݶm§À¶m grB©AmonXr H$m¶©aV Agbobo
'{Q‰>Q>a'Mo ZdrZ ‘w»¶ ^maVr¶ d§emMo ZmJ[aH$
H$m¶©H$mar A{YH$mar 1) gw§Xa {nMB© (Aë’$m~oQ>, JyJb)
(CEO) åhUyZ {Z¶wº$s.
2) g˶m ZmS>obm (‘m¶H«$mogm°âQ>)
3) AaqdX H¥$îUm (Am¶~rE‘)
hh Aënn[aM¶ :
4) e§VZy Zmam¶U (A°S>mo~)
ŠŠ OÝ‘ : 21 ‘o 1984 - AO‘oa (amOñWmZ), d¶ : 5) a§JamOZ aKwam‘ (ìhrE‘doAa)
37 df}. 6) g§O¶ ‘ohamoÌm (‘m¶H«$m°Z Q>oŠZm°bm°Or)
ŠŠ Z§Va Hw$Qw>§~mgh ‘w§~B©‘ܶo ñWm{¶H$ Pmbo. 7) {ZHo$e Aamoam (nmbmo AëQ>mo ZoQ>dŠg©)
hh {ejU : 8) O¶lr C„mb (A[añVm ZoQ>dŠg©)
1) 2005 - H$å߶wQ>a gm¶Ýg {df¶m‘ܶo ~r.Q>oH$ 9) Om°O© Hw$[a¶Z (ZoQ>A°n)
(Am¶Am¶Q>r, ‘w§~B©) 10) aodmWr AÛ¡Wr (âboŠg)
2) nrEMS>r (ñQ>°Z’$moS>© {dÚmnrR>, A‘o[aH$m) 11) A§Obr gyX ({d{‘Amo)
ŠŠ 2001 gmbr VwH$s©‘ܶo Pmboë¶m Am§Vaamï´>r¶ ^m¡{VH$emó 12) brZm Zm¶a (eZob - ’«$mÝg‘Yrb bŠPar ’°$eZ ~«±S>)
Am°{bpån¶mS>‘ܶo gwdU©nXH$ nQ>H$mdbo.
ŠŠ ‘m¶H«$mogm°âQ> [agM© Am{U ¶mhÿ [agM© ¶m H§$nݶm§‘ܶo
gwédmVrMr H$mhr df} H$m‘ Ho$bo.
ŠŠ 2011: gm°âQ>doAa B§{O{ZAa åhUyZ {Q‰>Q>a‘ܶo éOy
Pmbo.
ŠŠ Am°ŠQ>m~o a 2017 : {Q‰>Q>a‘ܶo ‘w»¶ V§ÌkmZ A{YH$mar
(Chief Technology Officer : CTO) nXr ~T>Vr {‘imbr.
ŠŠ ‘{eZ b{ZªJda AmYm[aV Om{hamVtMm AmoK dmT>dUo,
{Q‰>Q>aÀ¶m nm¶m^yV ì¶dñWoMm H$m¶mnmbQ> H$aUo, {Q‰>Q>aZo
AmIbobo dmnaH$Vm© {dH|$ÐrH$aUmMo YmoaU AmIUo ¶m‘ܶo
˶m§Mo ‘mobmMo ¶moJXmZ Amho.
ŠŠ 2019 : {Q‰>Q>aMo ‘mdiVo ‘w»¶ H$m¶©H$mar A{YH$mar O°H$ Mind It...
S>mog} ¶m§Zr {Q‰>Q>a A§VJ©V am~{dʶmV Ambobm àH$ën - {Q‰>Q>a (Twitter)
'àmoOoŠQ> ãbyñH$m¶' gmR>r namJ ¶m§Mr ‘w»¶ H$m¶©H$mar ÊÊ OJmVrb EH$ à{gÕ g‘mO‘mܶ‘
A{YH$mar åhUyZ Zo‘UyH$ Ho$br hmoVr. ÊÊ ñWmnZm : 21 ‘mM© 2006
ŠŠ {Q‰>Q>aMo ‘mdiVo ‘w»¶ H$m¶©H$mar A{YH$mar O°H$ S>mog} ¶m§Zr ÊÊ ‘w»¶mb¶ : g°Z ’«$mpÝgñH$mo, H°${b’$mo{Z©¶m (A‘o[aH$m)
29 Zmoìh|~a 2021 amoOr Ago Omhra Ho$bo H$s, ""‘r ÊÊ g§ñWmnH$ : O°H$ S>mog}, Zmoh ½bmg, ~rP ñQ>moZ, EìhmZ
{Q‰>Q>aÀ¶m ‘w»¶ H$m¶©H$mar A{YH$mar nXmMm amOrZm‘m XoV {dë¶åg.
AgyZ ‘m¶mZ§Va namJ AJ«dmb ho ‘mPo CÎmam{YH$mar
AWm©V {Q‰>Q>aMo ZdrZ CEO AgVrb.'' [[[[
A{^Zd àH$meZ MM}Vrb ì¶p³V‘Ëdo 137
ŠŠ 2019 À¶m bmoH$g^m {ZdS>UwH$m Am{U AZoH$ amÁ¶m§À¶m
{dYmZg^m {ZdS>UwH$m§‘ܶo {ZdS>UyH$ ¶§ÌUoV Zm{dݶnyU©
‘m{hVr V§ÌkmZ Cnm¶¶moOZm§À¶m ‘mܶ‘mVyZ ˶m§Zr
‘hËdnyU© ¶moJXmZXoIrb {Xbo Jobo Amho.
Mind It...
^maVr¶ {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶moJ
ÊÊ ^maVr¶ g§{dYmZmÀ¶m H$b‘ 324 AÝd¶o 25 OmZodmar
1950 amoOr ñWmnZm.
ÊÊ g§{dYmZmÀ¶m H$b‘ 324 AÝd¶o ¶m Am¶moJm‘ܶo EH$
‘w»¶ {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V d amîQ´>nVr doimodoir R>adVrb
{VVHo$ BVa {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V AgVmV. gܶm ^maVr¶
{ZdS>UyH$ Am¶moJm‘ܶo gwerb M§Ðm ho ‘w»¶ {ZdS>UyH$
Am¶w³V Am{U amOrd Hw$‘ma d AZwn M§Ð nm§S>o ho BVa
{ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V AmhoV.
ÊÊ {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶moJmMo ‘w»¶ Am¶w³V Am{U BVa Am¶w³V
¶m§Mr {Z¶w³Vr amîQ´>nVtH$Sy>Z Ho$br OmVo.
ÊÊ ‘w»¶ {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V qH$dm BVa {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V
¶m§Mm H$m¶©H$mi 6 df} qH$dm ˶m§Zr d¶mMr 65 df} nyU©
H$aon¶ªV, ¶mn¡H$s Oo AmYr KS>ob VodT>m AgVmo.
ÊÊ ^maVmMo H$mhr ‘w»¶ {ZdS>UyH$ Am¶w³V …
1) n{hbo-gwHw$‘ma goZ-1950 Vo 1958
2) 22do-Amo‘àH$me amdV-Owb¡ 2017 Vo OmZodmar
2018
3) 23do-gwZrb Aamoam-{S>g|~a 2018 Vo 12 E{àb
2021
4) 24 do-gwerb M§Ðm-13 E{àb 2021 nmgyZ
(g§X^© : eci.gov.in, X¡. The Hindu d bmoH$gÎmm ŠŠ {S>g|. 2016 {S>g|. 2019 : ^maVmMo 26 do bîH$aà‘wI
{X. 14/04/2021)
[[[[
~) {ZYZ
OZab {~nrZ amdV
ŠŠ nyU© Zmd : {~nrZ bú‘Uqgh amdV
ŠŠ OÝ‘ : 16 ‘mM© 1958 - nm¡ar
JT>dmb (CÎmamI§S>)
ŠŠ ‘¥Ë¶y : V{‘iZmSy>Vrb {Zb{Jar
{OëømVrb Hw$Þya ¶oWo hdmB© XbmMo
'Mi-17V5' h°{bH$m°ßQ>a H$mogiyZ
Pmboë¶m ^rfU AnKmVmV OZab
{~nrZ amdV Am{U ˶m§À¶m nËZrgh (‘Yw{bH$m amdV) ŠŠ OZab amdV ¶m§À¶m ho{bH$m°ßQ>abm Pmboë¶m AnKmVmÀ¶m
142 MM}Vrb ì¶p³V‘Ëdo
13 OUm§Mm 8 {S>g|~a 2021 amoOr ‘¥Ë¶y Pmbm. OZab
{~nrZ amdV ho V{‘iZmSy>Vrb doqb½Q>Z ¶oWrb g§ajU
XbmÀ¶m ‘hm{dÚmb¶mVrb (S>rEgEggr) H$m¶©H«$‘mgmR>r
OmV AgVmZm hm ^rfU AnKmV Pmbm.
hh OrdZn[aM¶ :
ŠŠ ˶m§Mo dS>rb bú‘Uqgh amdV hoXoIrb bîH$am‘ܶo
boâQ>Z§Q> OZab hmoVo.
* {ejU / à{ejU :
ŠŠ IS>H$dmgbm (nwUo) ¶oWrb 'amï´>r¶ g§ajU à~mo{YZr'
(NDA) ‘ܶo H$mhr H$mi à{ejU KoVbo. Z§Va S>ohamSy>Z
¶oWrb ^maVr¶ g¡Ý¶ AH$mX‘r (IMA) ‘YyZ nXdr
KoVbr. ¶m doir ˶m§Zm ‘mZmMm 'gmoS>© Am°’$ Am°Za' {H$Vm~
~hmb H$aʶmV Ambm. ¶m{edm¶ ˶m§Zr {S>’o$Ýg gpìh©gog
ñQ>m’$ H$m°boO, doqb½Q>Z‘YyZhr (V{‘iZmSy>) nXdr YmaU
Ho$bobr Amho. ¶m{edm¶ ¶wZm¶Q>oS> ñQ>oQ²g Am‘u H$‘m§S>
A±S> OZab ñQ>m’$ H$m°boO‘YyZ ˶m§Zr hm¶a H$‘m§S>
H$mog©XoIrb nyU© Ho$bm hmoVm. ‘Ðmg {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy>Z ˶m§Zm
E‘.{’$b. nXdr àXmZ H$aʶmV Ambr hmoVr. 'Mm¡Yar
MaU qgJ {dÚmnrR>, ‘oaR>' H$Sy>Z ˶m§Zm 2011 gmbr
'‘mZX S>m°ŠQ>aoQ>' nXdr àXmZ H$aʶmV Ambr hmoVr.
ŠŠ {S>g|~a 1978 ‘ܶo Vo 11 ì¶m JmoaIm am¶’$ëgÀ¶m
nmMì¶m ~Q>m{b¶Z‘ܶo A{YH$mar åhUyZ éOy Pmbo.
ŠŠ OmZodmar Vo Am°JñQ> 2016 : Zm¡XbmÀ¶m X{jU {d^mJmMo
à‘wI.
ŠŠ gßQ>|. - {S>g|. 2016 : ^maVmMo 37 do CnbîH$H$aà‘wI
(Vice Chief of Army Staff) åhUyZ H$m‘ Ho$bo.
(Chief of the Army Staff) åhUyZ nX^ma gm§^mibm.
ŠŠ gßQ>|. Vo {S>g|. 2019 : Cheifs of Staff Committee Mo
57 do Aܶj åhUyZ H$m‘ nm{hbo.
ŠŠ 1 OmZo. 2020 : ^maVmVrb {VÝhr goZmXbm§Mo (^yXb,
Zm¡Xb d hdmB© Xb) à‘wI AWm©V 'gagoZmà‘wI'
(Cheif of Defence Staff : CDS) åhUyZ {Z¶wº$s
H$aʶmV Ambr. 1 OmZo. 2020 amoOr ˶m§Zr ¶m nXmMm
nX^ma pñdH$mabm. OZab amdV ho ^maVmMo n{hboM
gagoZmà‘wI R>abo hmoVo. ˶m§Mm ‘¥Ë¶y Pmbm Voìhm Vo ¶mM
nXmda H$m¶©aV hmoVo.
* àmá gÝ‘mZ d nwañH$ma : na‘ {d{eï> godm nXH$, CÎm‘
¶wÕ godm nXH$, A{V{d{eï> godm nXH$, ¶wÕ godm nXH$,
goZm nXH$, {d{eï> godm nXH$.
A{^Zd àH$meZ
 9 nwañH$ma
AW©emó ¶m {df¶mVrb C„oIZr¶ H$m¶m©gmR>r hm
A§V^y©V CnKQ>H$ nwañH$ma Xoʶmg gwê$dmV Pmbr. AW©emómVrb Zmo~ob
nwañH$mamMo ‘yi Zmd 'X ñdo[a¨½O [aŠg~±H$ àmBP' Ago
Amho.
(Q>rn : AWm©V Zmo~ob nwañH$ma hm EHy$U 6 joÌmV {Xbm
OmVmo : ^m¡{VH$emó, agm¶Zemó, d¡ÚH$emó, gm{h˶,
A)Am§Vaamï´>r¶ nwañH$ma
em§VVm d AW©emó).
hh 2021 Mo Zmo~ob nwañH$ma {dOoVo (g§{já) :
~) amï´>r¶ nwañH$ma
H«$. joÌ nwañH$ma àmá 춺$s/g§ñWm
I) d¡ÚH$emó 1) S>m°. S>opìhS> Á¶w{b¶g (A‘o[aH$m)
H$) àmXo{eH$ nwañH$ma qH$dm 2) S>m°. AmS>©‘ n°Q>mnm¡Q>r¶mZ (bo~Zm°Z)
eara{dkmZ
S>) gm¢X¶© ñnYm© emó
II) ^m¡{VH$emó 1) ñ¶wHw$amo ‘Zm~o (OnmZ)
A) Am§Vaamï´>r¶ nwañH$ma 2)Šbm°g h°Pb‘Z (O‘©Zr)
3) {JAmoa{JAmo nm[agr (BQ>br)
1. Zmo~ob nwañH$ma III) agm¶Zemó 1) S>m°. ~|Om{‘Z {bñQ> (O‘©Zr)
2) S>m°. S>opìhS> ‘°H${‘bZ (¶wZm¶Q>oS>
ŠŠ Amë’«o$S> Zmo~ob ¶m ñdrS>re emókmZo 1867 ‘ܶo qH$½S>‘)
'S>m¶Zm‘mB©Q>' ¶m ñ’$moQ>H$mMm emoY bmdbm hmoVm. IV) AW©emó 1) S>opìhS> H$mS>© (H°$ZS>m)
ŠŠ Amë’«o$S> Zmo~ob : OÝ‘-21 Am°ŠQ>mo. 2) OmoewAm A±J«rñQ> (A‘o[aH$m)
1833 ; ‘¥Ë¶y - 10 {S>g|. 1896. 3) {JS>mo Bå~oÝg
ŠŠ 1901 gmbmnmgyZ Amë’«o$S> Zmo~ob (ZoXab±S²g)
¶m§À¶m ñ‘aUmW© hm nwañH$ma {Xbm V) em§VVm 1) ‘m[a¶m aogm ({’${bnmB©Ýg)
OmVmo. 2) {X{‘Ìr ‘wamVmod (a{e¶m)
ŠŠ ¶m nwañH$mamMo {dVaU Xadfu 10 {S>g|~a amoOr Amë’«o$S> VI) gm{h˶ 1) AãXþbaPmH$ JwaZmh (Q>m§Pm{Z¶m)
¶m§À¶m nwʶ{VWr{Z{‘Îm ñdrS>ZMr amOYmZr 'ñQ>m°H$hmo‘'
¶oWo, Va em§VVoÀ¶m Zmo~ob nwañH$mamMo {dVaU Zm°d}Mr hh 2021 Mo Zmo~ob nwañH$ma {dOoVo ({dñV¥V) :
amOYmZr 'Amoñbmo' ¶oWo Ho$bo OmVo. * I) d¡ÚH$emó qH$dm eara{dkmZ emó (Medicine or
ŠŠ ñdê$n : 2020 gmbmnmgyZ 10 Xebj ñdrS>re H«$moZa Physiology) :
(11.40 bmI A‘o[aH$Z S>m°bg©) ŠŠ Á¶w{b¶g Am{U n°Q>mnm¡Q>r¶mZ ¶m§Zr Vmn‘mZ,ñne© ¶m§À¶m
ŠŠ gwédmVrg (1901 gmbmnmgyZ) ^m¡{VH$emó, g§doXZm ‘|XÿV H$em {Z‘m©U hmoVmV, ¶mMm emoY g§doXH$
agm¶Zemó, d¡ÚH$emó, gm{h˶ Am{U em§VVm ¶m nmM (receptors) g§H$ënZoÀ¶m ‘mܶ‘mVyZ KoVbm. ¶m~Ôb
joÌmV C„oIZr¶ H$m¶© H$aUmè¶m 춺$s d g§ñWm§gmR>r ˶m§Zm hm nwañH$ma Omhra Pmbm.
{Xbm OmV hmoVm. ŠŠ Amnbo eara ^m¡{VH$ g§doXZobm ‘‚mmg§ñWoVrb {dÚwV
ŠŠ 'g|Q´>b ~±H$ Am°’$ pñdS>Z'À¶m ñWmnZobm 1968 ‘ܶo g§XoemV H$go ê$nm§V[aV H$aVo, ¶mMr à{H«$¶m ¶m XmoKm
300 df} nyU© Pmë¶mÀ¶m nmœ©^y‘rda 1969 nmgyZ emókm§Zr CbJS>br.

168 nwañH$ma A{^Zd àH$meZ

 {X½X{e©V Ho$boë¶m V{‘i {MÌnQ> "Anyd© amJ§Jb' ‘YyZ
aOZrH$m§V ¶m§Zr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rV nXmn©U Ho$bo.
ŠŠ aOZrH$m§V ho A{‘Vm^ ~ƒZ ¶m§Zm Amnbo àoaUmñWmZ
‘mZVmV. A{‘Vm^ ~ƒZ ¶m§Mr ‘w»¶ ^y{‘H$m Agboë¶m
"A‘a, AH$~a, A±WZr' (1977) ¶m {MÌnQ>mMo V{‘i
[a‘oH$ "e§H$a, gbr‘, gm¶‘Z' (1978) ‘ܶo aOZrH$m§V
¶m§Zr ‘w»¶ ^y{‘H$m Ho$br.
ŠŠ aOZrH$m§V ¶m§Zm ˶m§À¶m "{~„m' ¶m {MÌnQ>mZo Iar
AmoiI {Xbr. ˶m§Mm hm {MÌnQ> àM§S> JmObm. ¶m
{MÌnQ>mZo aOZrH$m§V ¶m§Zm X{jUoH$S>rb gdm©{YH$
bmoH${චA{^ZoVm åhUyZ AmoiI {Z‘m©U H$ê$Z {Xbr.
~m°{bdyS>‘Yrb "S>m°Z' (1978) ¶m {MÌnQ>mdê$Z "{~„m'
(1980) ¶m {MÌnQ>mMr {Z{‘©Vr ([a‘oH$) H$aʶmV Ambr
hmoVr.
ŠŠ A{^ZoVm åhUyZ ˶m§Mm n{hbm ~m°{bdyS> {MÌnQ>: "A§Ym
H$mZyZ' (1983)
ŠŠ "{edmOr' (Sivaji) (2007) hm ˶m§Mm AmUIr EH$
A˶§V bmoH${ච{MÌnQ> hmo¶. ¶m {MÌnQ>mÛmao H¥$îUYdb
(Black & White), a§JrV, 3D Am{U ‘moeZ H°$ßMa Aem
Mmahr àH$maÀ¶m {MÌnQ>m§‘ܶo H$m‘ H$aUmao aOZrH$m§V ho
n{hbo ^maVr¶ A{^ZoVo ~Zbo.
ŠŠ Xm{jUm˶ {MÌnQ>g¥ï>r‘ܶo Vo "Wb¡dm' (Leader/Boss)
åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVmV.
ŠŠ X{jUnyd© Am{e¶m Am{U OnmZ‘ܶohr aOZrH$m§V ¶m§Mm
‘moR>m MmhVmdJ© Amho. OJmVrb gdm©{YH$ ‘moR>m MmhVmdJ©
Agbobm A{^ZoVm åhUyZ {J{ZO ~wH$‘ܶo ˶m§À¶m
ZmdmMr Zm|X Pmbr Amho.
ŠŠ ˶m§À¶m gw‘mao 50 dfmªÀ¶m H$ma{H$XuV ˶m§Zr V‘ri,
VobJy, H$ÞS>, ‘ë¶mi‘, qhXr Am{U ~§Jmbr Aem AZoH$
^mfm§‘ܶo 170 hÿZ A{YH$ {MÌnQ>m§‘ܶo A{^Z¶ Ho$bm
Amho.
ŠŠ ˶m§Mo H$mhr à{gÕ {MÌnQ> : {~„m, ‘wWy, {edmOr,
E§{WaZ, ^mfm, h‘, A§Ym H$mZyZ, ^JdmZ XmXm, AmV§H$
hr AV§H$, Mmb~mO, amo~moQ>, 2.0, Xa~ma.
ŠŠ ˶m§Zr hm°{bdyS>À¶m "ãbS> ñQ>moZ' ¶m {MÌnQ>mVhr H$m‘
Ho$bo Amho.
ŠŠ amOH$s¶ H$maH$sX© : 31 {S>g|~a 2017 amoOr ˶m§Zr
amOH$maUm‘ܶo àdoe Ho$bm. V{‘iZmSy> {dYmZg^m
{ZdS>UyH$ 2021 bT>dʶmgmR>r ˶m§Zr "Makkal Sevai
Katchi' ¶m ZmdmMm nj ñWmnZ Ho$bm. ¶m njmMo
{ZdS>UyH$ {MÝh Am°Q>mo[ajm Amho. VWm{n Z§Va H$mhr
H$maUm‘wio Vo amOH$maUmnmgyZ Xÿa am{hbo Am{U ˶m§Zr
A{^Zd àH$meZ
V{‘iZmSy> {dYmZg^m {ZdS>UyH$XoIrb bT>dbr Zmhr.
ŠŠ ˶m§Mm Jm¡ad : CBSE À¶m Aä¶mgH«$‘m‘ܶo "From Bus
Conductor to Superstar' ¶m erf©H$mImbr g‘m{dï>
Pmbobo (AWm©V ˶m§À¶m M[aÌmMm g‘mdoe Agbobo) Vo
EH$‘od ^maVr¶ A{^ZoVo AmhoV.
* gÝ‘mZ d nwañH$ma :
1) EHy$U 6 V{‘iZmSy> amÁ¶ {MÌnQ> nwañH$ma
2) 1984 : H$b¡‘‘mZr nwañH$ma (V{‘iZmSy> gaH$ma)
3) 1989 : E‘. Or. Ama AdmS>© (V{‘iZmSy> gaH$ma)
4) 2000 : nÙ^yfU nwañH$ma
5) 2007 : ‘hmamï´> emgZmMm amO H$nya nwañH$ma
6) Mm¡Ï¶m {dO¶ nwañH$ma gmohù¶mXaå¶mZ "Chevalier
Sivaji Ganesan Award for Excellence in Indian
Cinema'
7) 2010 : "’$moãO©' ‘m{gH$mV’}$ gdm©{YH$ à^mdembr
^maVr¶ 춺$s åhUyZ gÝ‘mZ
8) 2014 : 45 ì¶m ^maVr¶ Am§Vaamï´>r¶ {MÌnQ> ‘hmoËgdmV
(IFFI) "^maVr¶ {MÌnQ> A{^ZoVm åhUyZ eVmãXr
nwañH$ma'.
9) 2016 : nÙ{d^yfU nwañH$ma
10) 2016 : 50 ì¶m ^maVr¶ Am§Vaamï´>r¶ {MÌnQ> ‘hmoËgdmV
"IFFI Mm gwdU© ‘hmoËgdr Am¶H$m°Z nwañH$ma' (Icon of
Global Jubilee award)
22) 2019 : XmXmgmho~ ’$miHo$ nwañH$ma (2021 gmbr
àXmZ)
[[[[
5. kmZnrR> nwañH$ma
ŠŠ gwédmV - 1965 nmgyZ
ŠŠ ñdén - 11 bmI én`o, gañdVr à{V_m d gÝ_mZnÌ
ŠŠ em§VràgmX O¡Z `m§Zr nwañH$ma XoÊ`mg gwédmV Ho$br.
ŠŠ kmZnrR> hm ^maVr` gm{hË` joÌmVrb gdm}ƒ nwañH$ma
Amho.
ŠŠ 1982 nydu hm nwañH$ma boIH$mÀ`m EH$mM
gm{hË`H¥$VrgmR>r {Xbm OmV hmoVm, 1982 nmgyZ Vmo
boIH$mÀ`m EHy$U gm{hpË`H$ H$m`m©gmR>r {Xbm OmVmo.
ŠŠ hm nwañH$ma Q>mB©åg Am°\$ B§{S>`mMo àH$meH$ gmhw O¡Z
`m§Zr ñWmnZ Ho$boë`m ^maVr` kmZnrR>V\}$ XoÊ`mV
`oVmo.
ŠŠ ^maVmVrb g¥OZerb boIH$m§Zm àmoËgmhZ XoÊ`mgmR>r hm
nwañH$ma XoÊ`mV `oVmo.
ŠŠ AmVmn`ªV EHy$U 59 ì`º$s¨Zm àXmZ
nwañH$ma 185
ŠŠ hm nwañH$ma \$º$ ^maVr` boIH$m§Zm nwT>rb ^mfm§gmR>r ÊÊ Ë¶m§Zr OnmZr Am{U ¶wamo{n¶Z ^mfoVrb H${dVm§Mm Amgm‘r
{Xbm OmVmo : ^mfoV AZwdmX Ho$bobm Amho.
^maVr` amÁ`KQ>ZoÀ`m 8 ì`m n[a{eï>mVrb 22 ^mfm + * ˶m§Mo à{gÕ H${dVmg§J«h :
B§J«Or ^mfm. (49 ì`m nwañH$mamnmgyZ åhUOoM 2013 1) 'gya¶m hoZy Zm‘r Amho B© ZmoS>r¶oS>r' (1963)
nmgyZ B§J«Or ^mfoMm g_mdoe H$aÊ`mV Ambm.) 2) '‘mZg à{V‘m' (1971)
ŠŠ hm nwañH$ma _aUmoÎma {Xbm OmV Zmhr. 3) '’w$br R>mH$m gy¶©‘wIr ’y$ëVa ’$mbo' (1971)
ŠŠ Xadfu hm nwañH$ma \$º$ EH$mM gm{hpË`H$mbm {Xbm 4) 'H$mo{~Vm' (2001)
OmVmo. 5) "Jmobmnr Om‘ya b¾'
(AndmX : 1967, 1973, 1999, 2006 d 2009 * ˶m§Zm àmá gÝ‘mZ d nwañH$ma :
`m dfu hm nwañH$ma àË`oH$s XmoZ ì`º$s¨Zm {Xbm Jobm.) 1) 1997 - Amgm‘ ìh°br gm{h˶ nwañH$ma
* `m nwañH$mamMo A{bH$S>rb _mZH$ar :
2) 1981 - 'H$mo{~Vm' ¶m H${dVmg§J«hmgmR>r gm{h˶
AH$mX‘r nwañH$ma.
A.H«$. df© _mZH$ar 3) 1990 - nÙlr nwañH$ma
1) 1965 - n{hbm Or. e§H$a Hw$én 4) 2002 : gm{h˶ AH$mX‘r ’o$bmo{en
nwañH$ma 5) 2019 : {X~«wJS> {dÚmnrR>mV’}$ D.Lit. nXdr
2) 2017 - 53 dm qhXr ^mfoVrb bo{IH$m
Mind It...
nwañH$ma H¥$îUm gmo~Vr
Xm‘moXa ‘mdOmo
3) 2018 - 54 dm à{gÕ B§J«Or boIH$ ÊÊ nyU© Zmd : Xm‘moXa ¶ed§V ‘mdOmo
nwañH$ma A{_Vmd Kmof ÊÊ kmZnrR> nwañH$ma {‘idUmao H$moH$Ur ^mfoVrb Xþgao
4) 2019 - 55 dm gwà{gÕ _ë`mir H$dr gm{hp˶H$.
nwañH$ma A{¸$W_ Z§~y{War ÊÊ OÝ‘ : 1 Am°JñQ> 1944 - ‘mOmoS>m© (Jmodm)
5) 2020 - 56 dm Amgm‘r H$dr * Aënn[aM¶ :
nwañH$ma Zrb‘Ur ’w$H$Z ÊÊ {ejU : Ama. E. nmoXma H$m°boO Am°’$ H$m°‘g© A±S>
6) 2021 - 57 dm H$moH$Ur boIH$ BH$m°Zm°{‘Šg,‘w§~B© ‘YyZ ~rH$m°‘Mr nXdr {‘idbr.
nwañH$ma Xm‘moXa ‘mdOmo ÊÊ Jmoì¶mMo ñdV§Ì ApñVËd H$m¶‘ amIʶmgmR>r MidirV
hh 2020 d 2021 gmbMm nwañH$ma : ˶m§Mm g{H«$¶ nwT>mH$ma hmoVm.
ÊÊ 'H$moH$Ur àOoMm AmdmO'À¶m gwH$mUy g{‘VrMo Vo gXñ¶
ŠŠ Amgm‘r H$dr Zrb‘Ur ’w$H$Z ¶m§Zm 2020 gmbmgmR>rMm
hmoVo.
56 dm nwañH$ma, Va H$moH$Ur boIH$ Xm‘moXa ‘mdOmo
ÊÊ gm{h˶ AH$mX‘rÀ¶m H$m¶©H$mar, VgoM Am{W©H$ g{‘VrMo
¶m§Zm 2021 gmbmgmR>rMm 57 dm nwañH$ma 7 {S>g|~a
gXñ¶ am{hbobo ‘mdOmo ho "Jmodm AmQ²g© A±S> {bQ>aar
2021 amoOr Omhra H$aʶmV Ambm.
’o$pñQ>ìhb'Mo g§ñWmnH$ gXñ¶ AmhoV.
Mind It... ÊÊ 1985 gmbr Pmboë¶m ApIb ^maVr¶ H$moH$Ur gm{h˶
Zrb‘Ur ’w$H$Z g§‘obZmMo Vo Aܶj hmoVo.
ÊÊ kmZnrR> nwañH$ma {‘idUmao ’w$H$Z ho Amgm‘r ^mfoVrb ÊÊ Ë¶m§Mm n{hbm bKwH$Wmg§J«h : 'Jm§WZ' (1971).
{Vgao gm{hp˶H$ hmoV. * ˶m§À¶m à{gÕ gm{h˶H¥$Vr :
ÊÊ OÝ‘ : 10 gßQ>|~a 1933 - S>oaJmd (Amgm‘) A) bKwH$Wmg§J«h :
* Aënn[aM¶ : ÊÊ Jm§WZ (1971), OmJamUm§ (1975), é‘S>’y$b (1981),
ÊÊ 1961 gmbr JwdmhQ>r {dÚmnrR>mVyZ B{Vhmg {df¶mV ^waJt åhboJt Vt (2001), gnZ‘moJr (2014),
nXì¶wÎma nXdr nyU© Ho$br. {VíQ>mdUr (2020 - Am°ZbmB©Z ñdê$nmV àH$m{eV.
ÊÊ 1964 - 1992 : Am¶© {dÚmnrR> H$m°boO (JwdmhQ>r) ¶oWo Am^mgr nÕVrZo àH$m{eV Pmbobo ˶m§Mo n{hbo nwñVH$.).
àmܶmnH$ åhUyZ H$m‘ Ho$bo. ~) ~mbH$Wmg§J«h :

186 nwañH$ma A{^Zd àH$meZ

10 H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r
A§V^©yV CnKQ>H$
A) H«$sS>m ñnYm©

A Am°{bpånH$ ñnYm©

B {H«$Ho$Q>

C ’w$Q>~m°b (gm°H$a)

D hm°H$s

E Q>o{Zg / ~°S>q‘Q>Z

F H$~È>r

G Hw$ñVr

H A°Wbo{Q>³g

I Zo‘~mOr / {Va§XmOr

J ~w{Õ~i

K BVa H«$sS>m ñnYm©

~) A{bH$S>rb g§H$sU© H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r

H$) H«$sS>m{df¶H$ nwañH$ma

2022 ‘ܶo hmoUmè¶m H$mhr à‘wI H«$sS>m ñnYm©

A{^Zd àH$meZ H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r 215

ÊÊ RPSG g‘whmZo 7090 H$moQ>r én¶o ~mobr bmdyZ bIZm¡ 1993, 1997, 1999, 2005, 2009, 2011 Am{U
g§Kmbm, Va CVC g‘whmZo 5625 H$moQ>r én¶o ~mobr 2015 _Ü`o hr ñnYm© qOH$br hmoVr
bmdyZ Ah‘Xm~mX g§Kmbm IaoXr Ho$bo. ŠŠ A§{V_ gm_Ý`mV ^maVmZo Zonmida 3-0 Aer _mV
ÊÊ WmoS>³¶mV 2022 gmbÀ¶m 15 ì¶m h§Jm‘mV EHy$U 10 Ho$br.
g§K gh^mJr hmoUma AmhoV. ŠŠ ^maVr` \w$Q>~m°b g§KmMm H$U©Yma : gwZrb N>oÌr
ŠŠ `m ñnY}V gdm©{YH$ Jmob : gwZrb N>oÌr (5 Jmob)
Mind it....
ŠŠ ñnY}Vrb gdm}Îm_ IoimSy> : gwZrb N>oÌr
Am¶nrEb ñnYm©
ÊÊ Q>r-20 (20-20 fQ>H$m§À¶m) {H«$Ho$Q> ñnYm© [[[[
ÊÊ gwédmV : 2008 2. `wamo{n`Z ’w$Q>~m°b AqOŠ`nX ñnYm©
ÊÊ gdm©{YH$ doim {dO¶ {‘idUmam g§K : ‘w§~B© B§{S>¶Ýg ŠŠ '`wE’$m `wamo{n`Z ’w$Q>~m°b AqOŠ`nX ñnYm©' (UEFA­
(5 doim) European Football Championship) hr `wamon
ÊÊ Am¶nrEb‘ܶo AmVmn¶ªV gdm©{YH$ Ymdm (Runs) : I§S>m‘Yrb Xoem§À`m amï´>r` ’w$Q>~m°b g§Km§Mr EH$ ñnYm©
{damQ> H$mohbr (6283). Amho.
ÊÊ Am¶nrEb‘ܶo AmVmn¶ªV gdm©{YH$ ~ir (Wickets) : ŠŠ `m ñnY}bm '`wamo H$a§S>H$' (Euro Cup) Agohr åhQ>bo
b{gW ‘qbJm (170). OmVo.
[[[[ ŠŠ `m ñnY}Mo OwZo Zmd : `wamo{n`Z amï´>m§Mm H$a§S>H$
(European Nation's Cup).
C) ’w$Q>~m°b (gm°H$a) ŠŠ `wE’$m (U­ FA­: Union of European Football
A­ssociation) hr `wamo{n`Z ’w$Q>~m°b g§ñWm Xa 4 dfmªZr
1. "g°’$' AqO³¶nX ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm© `m ñnY}Mo Am`moOZ H$aVo.
ŠŠ X{jU Am{e`mB© \w$Q>~m°b _hmg§K (g°\$) (South ŠŠ B.g. 1960 gmbr n{hbr `wamo ñnYm© Ioidbr Jobr.
Asian Football Federation SAFF) hr X{jU ŠŠ 2020 gmbMr ñnYm© ‘wimV 12 OyZ Vo 12 Owb¡ 2020
Am{e`m_Yrb Xoem§À`m Am§Vaamï´>r` \w$Q>~m°b g§Km§Mr EH$ Xaå`mZ hmoUma hmoVr, na§Vw H$mopìhS> -19 ‘hm‘mar‘wio Vr
ñnYm© Amho. 2021 gmbr KoÊ`mV Ambr.
ŠŠ "g°\$' hr \w$Q>~m°b g§ñWm Xa XmoZ dfmªZr `m ñnY}Mo ŠŠ AmVmn`ªV O‘©Zr Am{U ñnoZ `m§Zr hr ñnYm© gdm©{YH$
Am`moOZ H$aVo. doim åhUOoM àË`oH$s 3 doim qOH$bobr Amho.
ŠŠ B.g. 1993 gmbr n{hbr "g°\$' ñnYm© Ioidbr Jobr. hh 2020 gmbMr ñnYm© :
ŠŠ 2020 gmbMr ñnYm© H$mopìhS> - 19 _hm_mar _wio 2021
gmbr KoÊ`mV Ambr.
* 2021 gmbMr ñnYm© :
ŠŠ Amd¥Îmr : 13 dr
ŠŠ H$mbmdYr : 1 Am°ŠQ>mo~a Vo 16 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2021
ŠŠ `O_mZ Xoe : _mbXrd ŠŠ Amd¥Îmr : 16 dr
ŠŠ gh^mJr Xoe : 5 (^maV, ~m§½bmXoe, _mbXrd, Zonmi, ŠŠ H$mbmdYr : 11 OyZ Vo 11 Owb¡ 2021.
lrb§H$m) ŠŠ `O‘mZ Xoe : EHy$U 11 Xoe
ŠŠ A§{V_ gm_Ý`mMo {R>H$mU : Z°eZb \w$Q>~m°b ñQ>o{S>`_, ŠŠ gh^mJr g§K : 24
_mbo (_mbXrd) ŠŠ A§{V‘ gm‘Ý`mMo {R>H$mU : d|~bo ñQ>o{S>`‘, b§S>Z
ŠŠ {dOoVm g§K : ^maV ŠŠ {dOoVm g§K : BQ>br
ŠŠ Cn{dOoVm g§K : Zonmi ŠŠ Cn{dOoVm g§K : B§½b§S>
ŠŠ ^maVmZo AmR>ì`m§Xm hr ñnYm© qOH$br. `mnydu ^maVmZo ŠŠ BQ>brZo Xwgè`m§Xm hr ñnYm© qOH$br (n{hë`m§Xm: 1968).

A{^Zd àH$meZ H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r 229

ŠŠ A§{V‘ gm‘Ý`mV BQ>br Am{U B§½b§S> `m§Mr 1-1
Aer ~amo~ar Pmë`mZ§Va A{V[aº$ doioV noZëQ>r ewQ>
AmD$Q>‘Ü`o BQ>brZo 3-2 Zo B§½b§S>bm nam^yV Ho$bo.
ŠŠ `m 16 ì`m ñnY}Vrb nwañH$ma :
1) JmoëS>Z ~yQ> {dOoVm (gdm©{YH$ Jmoëg) : {H«$pñV`mZmo
amoZmëS>mo (nmoVw©Jmb)
2) {gëìha ~wQ >{dOoVm : n°{Q´H$ {üH$ (MoH$ àOmgÎmmH$)
3) ~«m±ÝP ~wQ> {dOoVm : H$[a‘ ~|Po‘m (’«$mÝg)
4) JmoëS>Z ~m°b (ñnY}Vrb gdm}Îm‘ IoimSy>):
{OAmZbwBJr S>moÞmê$å‘m (BQ>br)
5) gm‘Zmdra : {bAmoZmS>m} ~moZwMr (BQ>br)
6) ñnY}Vrb gdm}Îm‘ `wdm IoimSy> (`§J ßbo`a Am°’$ X
Qy>Zm©‘|Q>) : noS´r (ñnoZ)
(Q>rn : 17 ì`m `wamo ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm© 2024 gmbr
O‘©Zr‘Ü`o hmoUma AmhoV.)
[[[[
3. H$monm Am‘o[aH$m ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm©
ŠŠ H$monm Am‘o[aH$m hr 'H$m°Ý‘o~m°b' (CONMEBOL) `m
X{jU A‘o[aHo$‘Yrb ’w$Q>~m°b ‘§S>imÛmao Am`mo{OV
Ho$br OmUmar EH$ ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm© Amho.
ŠŠ hr ñnYm© Xa Mma dfmªZr KoVbr OmVo.
ŠŠ `m ñnY}V X{jU A‘o[aH$m I§S>mVrb amï´>r` g§K gh^mJr
hmoVmV. 1990 gmbmnmgyZ `m ñnY}gmR>r CÎma
A‘o[aH$m VgoM Am{e`m I§S>mVrb amï´>r` g§Km§ZmXoIrb
{Z‘§{ÌV Ho$bo OmVo.
ŠŠ gÜ`m Mmby Agbobr hr OJmVrb gdm©V OwZr ’w$Q>~m°b
ñnYm© Amho.
ŠŠ gwédmV : 1916.
ŠŠ gdm©{YH$ doim {dO`r g§K : AO]{Q>Zm, Cé½do (àË`oH$s
15 doim).
hh H$monm A‘o[aH$m ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm© 2021 :
230 H«$sS>m KS>m‘moS>r
ŠŠ Amd¥Îmr : 47 dr
ŠŠ H$mbmdYr : 13 OyZ Vo 10 Owb¡ 2021
ŠŠ gh^mJr g§K : 10
ŠŠ ew^§H$a :'nmB©~' Hw$Ìm
ŠŠ `O‘mZ : ~«mPrb
ŠŠ A§{V‘ gm‘Ý`mMo {R>H$mU : ‘amH$mZm ñQ>oS>r`‘ ([aAmo
X>r OmZoamo)
ŠŠ {dOoVm g§K : AO]{Q>Zm
ŠŠ Cn{dOoVm g§K : ~«mPrb
ŠŠ 1993 Z§VaMo AO]{Q>ZmMo ho n{hboM ‘moR>o OoVonX R>abo
Amho.
ŠŠ AO]{Q>ZmMo ho 15do H$monm A‘o[aH$m OoVonX R>abo.
ŠŠ A§{V‘ gm‘Ý`mV E§Oob S>r ‘m[a`mZo Ho$boë`m EH$‘od
Jmob‘wio AO]{Q>ZmZo ~«mPrbda 1-0 Aer ‘mV Ho$br.
ŠŠ 47 ì`m ñnY}Vrb nwañH$ma :
1) gdm}Îm‘ IoimSy> (JmoëS>Z ~m°b) : {bAmoZob ‘oñgr
(AO]{Q>Zm)
2) gdm©{YH$ Jmob (JmoëS>Z ~yQ>) : {bAmoZob ‘oñgr
(AO]{Q>Zm)
3) gdm}Îm‘ JmobajH$ (JmoëS>Z ½bmoìh) : B{‘{bAmZmo
‘m{Q©>ZoP (AO]{Q>Zm)
4) gm‘Zmdra : E§Oob S>r ‘m[a`m (AO]{Q>Zm)
5) Iob^mdZoMm nwañH$ma : ~«mPrb.
(Q>rn : 48 ì`m H$monm A‘o[aH$m ’w$Q>~m°b ñnYm©
2024 gmbr B¹°$S>moa `m XoemV hmoUma AmhoV.)
[[[[
D) hm°H$s
1. Am{e`mB© M°pån`Ýg hm°H$s H$a§S>H$ (nwéf)
(Men's Asian Champions Trophy)
ŠŠ Am{e`mB© hm°H$s ’o$S>aoeZ (­Asian Hockey Federation
: ­AHF) H$Sy>Z Am`mo{OV Ho$br OmVo.
ŠŠ gwédmV : 2011
ŠŠ AmVmn`ªVMo gdm©V `eñdr g§K : ^maV d nm{H$ñVmZ
(àË`oH$s VrZ doim {dO`r)
* 2021 gmbMr 6 dr ñnYm© :
ŠŠ H$mbmdYr : 14 Vo 22 {S>g|~a 2021
ŠŠ ñWi : ‘m¡bmZm ^gmZr hm°H$s ñQ>o{S>`‘, T>mH$m (~m§JbmXoe)
ŠŠ gh^mJr g§K : 6 (^maV, ~m§JbmXoe, nm{H$ñVmZ,
OnmZ, ‘bo{e`m d X{jU H$mo[a`m)
ŠŠ {dOoVm g§K : X{jU H$mo[a`m (X{jU H$mo[a`mZo qOH$bobm
A{^Zd àH$meZ
 (g§X^© : X¡. The Hindu d ‘Q>m Dt. 27/11/2021)
[[[[
OmJ{VH$ ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aÐç {ZX}em§H$ 2021
ŠŠ g§¶wº$ amï´>o {dH$mg H$m¶©H«$‘ (UNDP) Am{U Am°³g’$S>©
Xm[aж Am{U ‘mZd {dH$mg H$m¶©H«$‘ (OPHI) ¶m§À¶m
g§¶wº$ {dÚ‘mZo 7 Am°³Q>mo~a 2021 amoOr "OmJ{VH$
~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aж {ZX}em§H$ 2021' (Global
Multidimensional Poverty Index 2021) àH$m{eV
H$aʶmV Ambm.
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mV OJmVrb 109 Xoem§‘Yrb 5.9 AãO
bmoH$m§Mm {dXm (data) {dMmamV KoʶmV Ambm Amho.
* ¶m {ZX}em§H$mVr R>iH$ ~m~r :
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma OJmVrb 109 {dH$gZerb Xoem§‘Yrb
1.3 AãO 춳Vr (21.7 Q>¸o$) ¶m ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aжmV
OJV AmhoV. ¶m‘ܶo gw‘mao AY} (64.4 H$moQ>r) 18
dfm©Imbrb ‘wbo AmhoV.
ŠŠ OJmVrb 85% ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aж bmoH$g§»¶m hr g~-
ghm[a¶Z Am{’«$H$m (55.6 H$moQ>r) Am{U X{jU Am{e¶mB©
(53.2 H$moQ>r) {d^mJmV amhVo.
ŠŠ ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aж Agboë¶m bmoH$g§»¶on¡H$s 67 Q>¸o$
bmoH$g§»¶m hr ‘ܶ‘-CËnÞ Agboë¶m Xoem§‘ܶo amhVo.
ŠŠ {Zanoj VËdmÀ¶m AmYmao (Absolut value) ~hþAm¶m‘r
Xm{aж {ZX}em§H$ ‘yë¶m‘ܶo (MPI Value) gdm©{YH$
KQ> H$aʶmV ¶eñdr R>abobo Xoe : bm¶~o[a¶m d Zonmi
ŠŠ {g¶mam {bAmoZ Am{U Q>moJmo ¶m Xoem§Zr Xm[aжmV gdm©V
ObX H$m{bH$ KQ> (Periodic Reduction) XmIdbr.
* ^maVr¶ n[aÑí¶ :
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma ^maVmVrb ~hþAm¶m‘r Jar~ bmoH$m§À¶m
~m~VrV ghmn¡H$s nmM bmoH$ H${ZîR> OmVr d O‘mVrVrb
AmhoV.
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma, ^maVmVrb AZwgy{MV O‘mVrVrV
9.4% bmoH$, AZwgy{MV OmVrVrb 33.3% bmoH$ d ŠŠ ZrVr (National Institution for Transforming India
OBC g‘yXm¶mVrb 27.2% bmoH$ ~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aжmV
OJV AmhoV.
Mind It...
~hþAm¶m‘r Xm[aж/{ZY©ZVm {ZX}em§H$
(Multidimensional Poverty Index : MPI)
ÊÊ Amamo½¶, {ejU, H$m‘mMm {ZH¥$ï> XOm©, qhgmMma,
amhUr‘mZmgmR>rMo YmoH$mXm¶H$ dmVmdaU ¶m gma»¶m Jar~
252 {ZX}em§H$ d Ahdmb
bmoH$m§Zm AZw^dmg ¶oUmè¶m d§{MVnUmbm "~hþAm¶m‘r
Xm[aж" Ago åhUVmV.
ÊÊ 2010 gmbmnmgyZ UNDP (United Nations
Development Programme) d OPHI (Oxford
Poverty Human Developmet Intiative) H$Sy>Z
àH$m{eV Ho$bm OmVmo.
ÊÊ MPI Mo ‘yë¶ 0 Vo 1 n¶ªV AgVo. 1 åhUOoM Xm[aжmMr
CƒV‘ nmVir hmo¶, Va 0 åhUOoM {ZåZV‘ Xm[aж
hmo¶.
ÊÊ MPI H$mTʶmgmR>r nwT>rb VrZ Am¶m‘ (dimensions)
{dMmamV KoVbo OmVmV :
>1) amhUr‘mZmMm XOm© (Living Standards)
2) {ejU (Education)
3) Amamo½¶ (Health)
ÊÊ darb VrZ Am¶m‘m§VJ©V EHy$U 10 à‘mnH$m§À¶m AmYmao
MPI H$mT>bm OmVmo.
(g§X^© : hdr.undp.org, ophi.org.uk)
[[[[
ZrVr Am¶moJmMm "emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o ehar
{ZX}em§H$ 2021-22'
: NITI) Am¶moJmZo 23 Zmoìh|~a 2021 amoOr Amnbm
n{hbmM 'emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o ehar {ZX}em§H$ d S°>e~moS>©
2021-22' (SDG Urban Index and Dashboard
2021-22) Omhra Ho$bm.
ŠŠ hm {ZX}em§H$ d S°>e~moS>© hm B§S>mo-O‘©Z S>oìhbn‘|Q>
H$moAm°naoeZÀ¶m N>ÌmImbr NITI Am¶moJ - GIZ Am{U
O‘©ZrVrb BMZ À¶m ghH$m¶m©Zo V¶ma H$aʶmV Ambm
A{^Zd àH$meZ
 Amho. 53. JwdmhmQ>r Amgm‘ 55.79
hh ¶m {ZX}em§H$mVrb R>iH$ ~m~r : 52. nQ>Zm {~hma 57.29
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mVrb JUZogmR>r ^maVmVrb 56 ehar ^mJm§Mm
{dMma H$aʶmV Ambm. ¶m‘ܶo EH$ bmImnojm OmñV ŠŠ darb EHy$U 56 eham§Mr JUZm H$aVmZm ‘hmamï´>mVrb
bmoH$g§»¶m Agbobr 44 ehao Am{U 10 bmImnojm H$‘r nwT>rb 5 ehao {dMmamV KoVbobr AmhoV : Zm{eH$, nwUo,
bmoH$g§»¶m Agboë¶m amÁ¶m§À¶m amOYmݶm§Mr JUZm Am¡a§Jm~mX, ‘w§~B© d ZmJnya.
H$aʶmV Ambobr Amho. ŠŠ n{hë¶m Amd¥ÎmrVrb ¶m {ZX}em§H$m‘ܶo EHy$U 15
* ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma ^maVmVrb Aìdb 5 ehao : emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o, 77 {ZX}eHo$ Am{U 46 bú¶m§Mm
(targets) g‘mdoe Amho.
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$m‘ܶo 56 eham§Mo ˶m§Zm àmá Pmboë¶m
JwUm§À¶m AmYmao nwT>rb 4 loUt‘ܶo dJuH$aU H$aʶmV
Ambo Amho :
A) AmH$m§{jV/ ‘hÎdmH$m§jr ehao (Aspirant) : 0-49 JwU
~) Mm§Jbm à¶ËZ H$aUmar ehao (Performer) : 50-64 JwU
H$) AmKmS>rdaMr ehao (Front Runner) : 65-99 JwU
S>) bú¶nyVu Ho$bobr ehao (Achiever) : 100 JwU
(g§X^© : pib.gov.in)
[[[[
ZrVr Am`moJmMm "emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o
{ZX}em§H$ 2020-21'
ŠŠ {ZVr Am`moJmMo CnmÜ`j S>m°. amOrd Hw$‘ma `m§Zr 3
OyZ 2021 amoOr ‘emœV {dH$mg C{Ôï>o ^maV {ZX}em§H$
H«$. eha amÁ¶ àmá JwU (100 (Sustainable Development Goals : SDG India
n¡H$s) Index) Am{U S°>e~moS>© 2020-21’ À`m {Vgè`m Amd¥ÎmrMo
1. {e‘bm {h‘mMb 75.50 àH$meZ Ho$bo.
àXoe ŠŠ `m {ZX}em§H$ AhdmbmMo erf©H$ : ‘SDG India Index
and Dashboard 2020-21 : Partnerships in the
2. H$moB©å~Vwa Vm{‘iZmSy> 73.29
Decade of ­Action’.
3. M§{XJS> M§{XJS> 72.36 ŠŠ ZrVr Am`moJmZo g§`wº$ amï´> g§KQ>ZoÀ`m ghH$m`m©Zo hm
4. {VéAZ§Vnwa‘ Ho$ai 72.36 {ZX}em§H$ {dH${gV Ho$bm Amho.
5. H$moMr Ho$ai 72.29 ŠŠ {Vgè`m Amd¥ÎmrVrb `m {ZX}em§H$m‘Ü`o EHy$U 17 C{Ôï>o
(16 gImob C{ÔîQ>ço + 17 ì`m C{Ôï>mMo JwUmË‘H$
ŠŠ ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma ‘hmamï´>mVrb nwUo d ZmJnya AZwH«$‘o
‘yë`m§H$Z), 70 bú`o Am{U 115 g§»`mË‘H$ {ZX}eH$m§Mm
ghmì¶m d Xhmì¶m ñWmZr AmhoV.
g‘mdoe Amho.
* ¶m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma ^maVmVrb VimVrb 5 ehao : ŠŠ hm {ZX}em§H$ V`ma H$aÊ`m‘mJrb à‘wI CÔoe: g§`wº$

H«$. eha amÁ¶ àmá JwU (100 n¡H$s) amï´> g§KQ>ZoZo 2030 n`ªV R>adyZ {Xbobr 17 C{ÔîQ>ço
gmÜ` H$aÊ`mÀ`m {XeoZo ^maVmVrb amÁ`o d H|$Ðem{gV
56. YZ~mX PmaI§S> 52.43
àXoe `m§Zr Ho$boë`m àJVrMo {dñV¥VnUo XñVEodOrH$aU
55. {‘aV CÎma àXoe 54.64
d ‘yë`m§H$Z H$aUo.
54. B©Q>mZJa AéUmMb 55.29 ŠŠ `m {ZX}em§H$mZwgma ^maVmVrb Aìdb 5 amÁ`o (100
àXoe n¡H$s àmá JwU) :

A{^Zd àH$meZ {ZX}em§H$ d Ahdmb 253

 12 {dñV¥V g§H$sU© KS>m‘moS>r
A§V^©yV CnKQ>H$
H|$Ð gaH$maMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m
‘hmamï´> emgZmMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m
g§¶wº$ amï´> g§KmÛmao (UNO) Kmo{fV {d{dY XeHo$ d df}
H|$Ð emgZ d ‘hmamï´> emgZmZo Kmo{fV Ho$bobr XeHo$ d df}
à‘wI {XZ{deof
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H|$Ðr¶ ‘§{Ì‘§S>i
^maVmVrb ‘hËdmÀ¶m g§ñWm/Am¶moJm§Mo à‘wI/Aܶj/g§MmbH$
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àOmgÎmmH$ {XZmMo nmhþUo
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‘hmamï´>mMo ‘§{Ì‘§S>i
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‘hmamï´>mVrb {dÚmnrR>o
H$mhr Xoem§Mo g§¶wº$ bîH$ar gamd
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^maVmMo {d{dY Xoem§Vrb {dÚ‘mZ Cƒ Am¶w³V/amOXÿV
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 B) ‘hmamï´> emgZmMo {d{dY Am¶moJ d g{‘˶m
A) Am¶moJ …

H«$. Am¶moJ Aܶj ñWmnZm BVa ‘m{hVr

1. ‘hmamîQ´> bmoH$godm lr. {H$emoa XÎmm̶ ^maVr¶ g§{dYmZmÀ¶m gXñ¶ … X¶mZ§X ‘olm‘, amOrd
Am¶moJ (MPSC) amOo - qZ~miH$a 315 ì¶m H$b‘mZwgma OmYd , àVmn {XKmdH$a.
ñWmnZm (g{Md : ñdmVr nmQ>rb)
2. ‘hmamîQ´> amÁ¶ amÁ¶ {ZdS>UyH$ 26 E{àb, 1994 ^maVr¶ g§{dYmZmÀ¶m H$b‘ 243 K d
{ZdS>UyH$ Am¶moJ Am¶w³V… ¶w.nr. 243 Z AAÝd¶o ñWmnZm.
Eg.‘XmZ g{Md … {H$aU Hw$ê§$XH$a

3. ‘hmamîQ´> amÁ¶ ‘w»¶ ‘m{hVr Am¶w³V… 7 Am°³Q>mo. 2005 BVa 7 ‘m{hVr Am¶w³V AmhoV
‘m{hVr Am¶moJ gw{‘V ‘{„H$
4. ‘hmamîQ´> amÁ¶ AmZ§X {ZaJwS>o 1995 BVa gXñ¶ … 7
‘mJmgdJ© Am¶moJ (OyZ 2021 nmgyZ)>
5. ‘hmamîQ´> amÁ¶ --- 23 E[àb 2015 H¥$fr‘wë¶ Am¶moJ ñWmnZ H$aUmao
H¥$fr‘wë¶ Am¶moJ ‘hmamîQ´> ho H$Zm©Q>H$ Z§VaMo Xþgao amÁ¶
Amho.

[[[[

‘hmamï´>mMr ‘mZ{MÝho
ÊÊ amÁ¶ àmUr : eoH$ê$ (Indian Giant Squirrel/Ratufa Indica)
ÊÊ amÁ¶ njr : h[a¶mb / hamoir (Treron Phoenicoptera)
ÊÊ amÁ¶ ’w$b : Oméb / VmåhU (Lagerstroemia Speciosa)
ÊÊ amÁ¶ d¥j : Am§~m (Mangifera Indica)
ÊÊ amÁ¶ H$m§XidZ d¥j (State's Mangrove Tree) : g’o$X {Mßnr (White Chippi)
ÊÊ amÁ¶ ’y$bnmIê$ : ãby ‘m°a‘m°Z / amUr nmH$moir / {Zbnar (Blue Mormon / Papilio Polymnestor)

"‘hmamï´>mMr ‘mZ{MÝho' g{MÌ ñdê$nmV

nmhʶmgmR>r Imbrb QR Code Amnë¶m
‘mo~mB©b‘Yrb Google lens qH$dm
BVa App ‘ܶo ñH°$Z H$am

A{^Zd àH$meZ {dñV¥V g§H$sU© KS>m‘moS>r 279

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