Final exam of mathematical software

Trần Toàn Thịnh

Student’s ID: 705121050

Ngày 27 tháng 12 năm 2021

Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Table of content

1 Exercise 1

2 Exercise 2

3 Exercise 3

4 Exercise 4

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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Exercise 1

Problem
Given a semicircle with the fixed diameter AB. C is a point on this semicircle.
On the extended chord AC, take a point D such that CD=CB
a) Find the locus of the point D when C moves on the given semicircle
b) Let O is midpoint of the line segment AB, the perpendicular line of AB at
O intersects the semicircle at I. On the ray CA take a point E such that
CE=CB. Fine the locus of the point E when C moves on the arce IB

Solution

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a) * Conditional statement
We have AB is fixed
[ = 45o (since BCD is an isosceles right triangle)
ADB
Hence when C moves on the semicircle with diameter AB, D moves on the
arc containing angle 45o
* Limit of the locus
The chord AC is depend on the position of the point C on the semicircle
with the fixed diameter AB; AC is maximum when it equals the diameter of
the semicircle, meanwhile C is coincident with B and D is coincident with
B, hence B belongs to this locus. Minimum length of AC equals 0 when C is
coincident with A, D is coincident with B0 (B0 is the intersection of the arc
containing angle 45o and the ray Ax at A of the given semicircle).
* Inverse statement
Take an arbitrary point D’ on the arc BB0 . AD’ intersects with the
semicircle with diameter AB at C’. It is easy to prove that C ′ D ′ = C ′ B
* Conclusion
The locus of the point D when C moves on the semicircle is the arc BB0
lying on the arc containing angle 45o constructed on the line segment AB in
half-plane with edge AB containing the point C

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b) * Conditional statement
AB is fixed
[ = 135o (external angle of the isosceles right triangle BCE) Therefore,
AEB
when C moves on the semicircle with diameter AB, E moves on the arc
containing angle 135o constructed on the fixed line segment AB.
* Inverse statement
Take an arbitrary E’ on the are containing angle 135o . The ray AE’
intersects with the semicircle at C’. Since AE \′ B is an external angle of the

right triangle BC’E’, and AE\ ′ B = 135o , thus C \′ BE ′ = 45o , hence BC’E’ is
an isosceles right triangle and C ′ E ′ = C ′ B
* Conclusion The locus of the point E when C moves on the semicircle is the
arc containing angle 135o constructed on AB

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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Exercise 2

Problem 
x = 2 − 3t
Given a line ∆ having the parametric equation
y =t
a) Do two points A(−7, 3) and B(2, 1) lie on ∆?
b) Find the coordinate of intersection of ∆ and two axes Ox and Oy
c) Find on ∆ the point M such that BM is minimum.

Solution

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a) Suppose A lies on ∆, we have t = y = 3 ⇒ −7 = x = 2 − 3t = 2 − 3.3

(correct) ⇒ A belongs to ∆
Suppose B lies on ∆, we have
t = y = 1 ⇒ 2 = x = 2 − 3t = 2 − 3.1 = −1 (incorrect) ⇒ B doest not
belong to ∆
T 2
b) Let P ∈ ∆ Oy ⇒ 2 − 3t = xP = 0 ⇒ t = yP = t = 2/3
  3
2
⇒ P = 0,
T3
Let Q ∈ ∆ Ox ⇒ t = yQ = 0 ⇒ xQ = 2 − 3t = 2
⇒ Q = (2, 0)

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c) Since M ∈ ∆, M = (2 − 3t, t), t ∈ R

−−→
⇒ BM = (2 − 3t − 2, t − 1) = (−3t, t − 1)
−−→ →
We know that BM is minimum ⇔ BM ⊥ ∆ ⇔ BM.− u∆ = 0
⇔ (−3t, t − 1).(−3, 1) = 0
⇔ 9t + t − 1 
=0
 xM = 2 − 3t = 2 − 3. 1 = 17
1 10 10
⇔t= ⇔
10  y =t= 1
M
  10
17 1
Therefore, M = ,
10 10
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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Exercise 3

Problem
Prove these inequalities for a,b,c are positive numbers:
 
1 1 1
a) (a + b + c) + + ≥ 9;
a b c
 
a b c 3
b) + + ≥
b+c c +a a+b 2

Solution
a) We have:  
1 1 1 a a b b c c
A = (a + b + c) + + = 1+ + + +1+ + + +1 =
   a b c
  b c a c a b
a b b c c a
3+ + + + + +
b a c b a c
rAM-GM inequality, for x, y ≥ 0, we have
According to
x y x y
+ ≥2 . =2
y x y x
Therefore A ≥ 3 + 2.3 = 0. Equality occurs if and only if a = b = c
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b) Applying theinequality inquestion a, we have:

1 1 1
(x + y + z) + + ≥ 9 where x, y , z ≥ 0 For
x y z
= c + a, z = a + b, we have:
x = b + c, y  
1 1 1
2(a + b + c) + + ≥ 9;
b+c
 c +a a+b 
1 1 1 9
⇔ (a + b + c) + + ≥
b+c c +a a+b 2
a+b+c a+b+c a+b+c 9
⇔ + + ≥
b+c c +a a+b 2
a b c 9 a b c 9
⇔ + + +3≥ ⇔ + + ≥
b+c c +a a+b 2 b+c c +a a+b 2
Equality occurs if and only if a = b = c

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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Exercise 4

Problem
x −1
Given the function: y =
x +1
a) Assess the variation and draw the graph (C ) of this function
b) Prove that (C ) always cuts the straight line (d) : y = m − x for all values
of m.

Solution
a) 1. Domain: R {−1}
2. The variation direction
(x + 1) − (x − 1)
y′ =
(x + 1)2
y’ is undefined for x = −1
y’ is always positive for any x ̸= −1
Therefore, the function is increasing on the intervals (−∞, −1) and
(−1; +∞)

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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

3. Extrema
The given function has no extrema
4. Asymptotes
x −1 x −1
lim y = lim = +∞; lim y = lim = −∞
x→−1− x→−1− x +1 x→−1+ x→−1+ x + 1

Therefore, the line x = −1 is the vertical asymptote

x −1
lim y = lim =1
x→±∞ x→±∞ x +1
Hence, the line y = 1 is the horizontal asymptote

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We have the variation chart and graph of this function below:

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Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

b) (C ) always cuts (d) if the equation

x −1
=m−x
x +1
has a solution for all m. We have
  2
x −1 x − 1 = (x + 1)(m − x) x + (2 − m)x − m − 1 = 0
⇔ ⇔
x +1 x ̸= −1 x≠ −1

Examining this quadric equation, we have ∆ = m2 + 8 for all values of m

and x = −1 doesn’t satisfy it, so, the equation always has two solutions
which are different from −1.
Therefore, (C ) and (d) intersect at two points.

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