Ministry Of Higher Education and

Scientific Research

Iraq University College

Civil Engineering Department

Report
About

Requirment of Foundations
Construction

Students Name:
Abdulhadi Kadhim Maala

Irfan Abdullah Hussein

Mahmoud Essa AbdulKarim

Class : 4th First semester

Study : Evening

Supervision of : Dr. Marwan Adil

Date : 1 / 12 / 2021
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Introduction

• Foundation is one of the most important parts of the building. The foundation plays a
crucial role in the structure and it is the lowermost part of the building below the
ground level which provides a base for the structure.

• Foundation is the main part of the building which receives the total load of
the structure and transfer it safely to the underneath strata without any settlement of the
soil.

• It is very necessary that the foundation of the structure should be placed with proper
study and understanding of the ground conditions otherwise it may lead to the
unequal settlement and failure of the foundation.

• In this article, you will get to know what is the foundation, different types of
foundation which are used for the construction of various structures.

• It is very necessary that before doing Foundation construction the bearing capacity of
soil should be studied and checked properly.

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Define Footing:
• The footing is a part of the foundation which provides stability and prevents unequal
settlement of the foundation.

• The main purpose of providing footing is to distribute the total load coming from the
structure to the larger area.

Functions of Foundation:

There are various functions of foundations which are as

• The main function of the foundation is to distribute the load of the building where the
larger area to avoid the overloading of the soil.

• The foundation provides a level surface for the building operations.

• The foundation will help to take the total load of the structure deep into the ground.

• The foundation provides the stability to the building and prevents overturning.

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 Requirements of Good Foundation:
There are various requirements of a good foundation

• Location of the Foundation.

• Settlement of Foundation.

• Durability of Foundation.

• Stability of Foundation.

1. Location of Foundation:

• The location of the foundation should be such that it can be able to resist the total load
of the structure.

• Foundation must be located at an appropriate location and design as per the bearing
capacity of the soil.

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2. Settlement of Foundation:

• The main function of the foundation is to prevent the settlement of the foundation. The
settlement of the foundation mainly depends upon soil strata.

• The foundation of the structure should not be settled under the action of load and it
should prevent the differential settlement of the structure.

3. Durability of Foundation:

• Durability is also important aspects should be considered while foundation

construction.

• The foundation of the structure should be constructed such that it should be durable.
The foundation should be designed such that it should be able to carry the Lord of the
structure and prevent settlement of the foundation.

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4. Stability of Foundation:

• One of the most important functions of the foundation is to provide stability such that it
should be able to safely transfer the load into the soil.

Important Requirements for foundation systems

1. The basic requirement for any structure regarding its load resisting capacity is that the
structure shall be constructed in such a way that the combined dead loads, live loads,
horizontal loads like earthquake and wind load can be resisted carried and transmitted to the
ground safely without any structural damage, deflection, and distortion.

2. Foundation should be taken sufficient in deep into the ground so that the structure is not
affected by ground movement such as swelling. Shrinking, freezing. The landslide also
should not affect the stability of the building. The structure should be safe against the
damage and distress.

3. Foundation base should be rigid so that the differential settlement are minimized, especially
in a case when superimposed loads are not evenly distributed over the foundation.

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4. Foundation should also be so located that its performance is not affected due to any
unexpected future influence like earthquake and overloading.

5. Foundations must be designed to resist the ultimate loading cases combination to resist both
overturning and sliding.

6. Foundation should resist attack from chemicals in soil. Groundwater and soil may contain
different types of chemicals which are harmful to the foundation concrete, the most
aggressive of which are sulphates. Sulphate attack can usually be offset by using sulphate
resisting cement, but even this will not be a perfect alternative to the problem unless
sufficient care is taken in placing the concrete, by vibrating and curing.

7. Foundation should be taken deep enough to resist the overturning, though soil bearing
capacity is good at sufficient depth. And also deep enough so as to be free from swelling
and swelling.

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Conclusion

The foundation is a supporting member of the structure which ultimately transfer loads from
the Building’s walls or columns to the Earth. A foundation is the part of the building that is in
direct contact with the ground. The main purpose of the foundation is to transfer all loads of
the building to the earth.

The foundation basically holds the structure up so it will not sink in the supporting ground.
Foundation holds the structure so it will not be blown away by strong winds like tornadoes.
The foundation selection will also depend on the structural system and type of the structure.
The life of the structure can never be more than the importance life of foundation.

References
1. https://gharpedia.com/blog/7-important-requirements-foundation-system-meet/

2. https://civiljungle.com/types-of-foundation/

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Index

Cover of research ............................................................................ 1

Introduction .................................................................................... 2
Define Footing.................................................................................. 3
Functions of Foundation.................................................................. 3
Requirements of Good Foundation.................................................. 4
Important Requirements.................................................................. 6
Conclusion ........................................................................................ 8
References......................................................................................... 8
Index ................................................................................................. 9