National Grid

DEMO-Department

CT-CORE DIMENSIONING FOR PROTECTION RELAY 7SA510

GENERAL PROJECT DATA:
Customer: National Grid
Project:
Station: PP1
Feeder:
Issued by: DEMO-User
Our reference:
Date: 6/7/2020
Remark:

GENERAL SYSTEM AND SUBSTATION DATA:

Nominal voltage: 132 kV
Nominal frequency: 60 Hz
Power system time constant: 10 ms
Rated short-circuit current of station: 40 kA
Max. short-circuit current for CT dimensioning: 21 kA
Remark:

DATA OF CT 1 (CT1) ACCORDING TO IEC-P:

CT type: IEC Class 5P
Transformation ratio: 1200 A/1 A
Nominal accuracy limiting factor ALFn : 20
CT nominal burden Pn: 15 VA
Internal resistance Rct : 4.125 Ω (assumed)
Remark:

RELAY DATA:
Manufacturer: SIEMENS
Type: 7SA510
Nominal Current: 1A
Relay burden: 0.05 VA
Remark:

CT REQUIREMENTS FOR 7SA510:

(acc. to SIEMENS Catalog SIP 2004 Order No.: E50001-K4400-A101-A3-7600)
To ensure correct operating of connected relay in case of close-up faults, the CT must be able to
transform the 2-times max. symmetrical short-circuit current by power system time constant of 10 ms.
ALFo ≥ 2 Ik / Ipn Tp = 10 ms (Requirement 1)
For faults at zone 1 limit the CT must be able to transform the 10-times max. symmetrical short-circuit
current without saturation.
ALFo ≥ 10 Ik,lim / Ipn (Requirement 2)
where:
Ipn: CT primary nominal current
Ik: max. symmetrical short-circuit current for close-up faults
Ik,lim : max. symmetrical short-circuit current for faults at zone 1 limit
ALFo: operating accuracy limiting factor

DEMO-Department//DEMO-User 6/7/2020

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DEMO-Department

CALCULATION OF TOTAL CONNECTED BURDEN TO THE CT:

The performance of the CT depends on the total connected burden at the secondary terminals. The
total burden includes the relay burden, the additional burdens of other devices connected to the CT
incl. the burden of matching transformers (when used), and the burden of secondary wiring.

CT 1 (CT1):
Name / transf. ratio Burden:
Relay burden: Prelay 7SA510 = 0.05 VA
Sum of add. relay burdens: Padd = 0 VA
The cable burden is calculated by the single length, the cross section, the specific resistivity and an
effective factor for the wire length. This factor kwire is 2 if the return wire is to be considered.
Secondary wiring burden:
Length: l wire = 100 m
Cross section: Awire = 4 mm2
Spec. resistivity: ρ = 0.0225 Ω mm2/m (Cu at 75 OC)
Sec. wire current: Isn,wire =1A
Eff. wire length in p.u.: kwire =2
k wire   Cu  l wire
Pwire   I sn2 ,wire = 1.1249 VA
a wire
The total effective burden is given by the sum of all the connected burdens:
Ptotal = Prelay + Padd +
Total burden: = 1.1749 VA
Pwire

CHECK OF CT REQUIREMENTS:

Operating accuracy limiting factor ALFo :

The CT behaviour acc. to IEC-P will be described by the operating accuracy limiting factor ALFo. It
depends on the nominal accuracy limiting factor ALFn, the nominal burden Pn, the internal CT burden
Pct and the total effective connected burden P total.

CT 1 (CT1):
Pn  Pct
ALFo  ALFn = 72.171
Ptotal  Pct
where
ALFn : nominal accuracy limiting factor = 20
Pn: nominal burden = 15 VA
Pct: internal CT burden = 4.125 VA
Ptotal: total effective connected burden = 1.1749 VA

Max. symmetrical short-circuit current Ik,lim for faults at zone 1 limit:

For ct dimensioning, the short-circuit current and system time constant at set zone 1 limit of 80 % has
to be taken into consideration. With a max. sym. short-circuit current of 21 kA and a nominal system
voltage of 132 kV, the equivalent source impedance can be calculated:

DEMO-Department//DEMO-User 6/7/2020

Revision

© CTDim 3.7 7SA510

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 National Grid

DEMO-Department

1.1  U n
ZQ  = 3.992 Ω
3  I kQ
Taking into account the system time-constant of 10 ms the resistive and reactive part of the source
impedance can be calculated:
ZQ
RQ  = 1.024 Ω
1  (2 f T p ) 2

X Q  Z Q2  RQ2 = 3.859 Ω

With the ohmic and reactive per line length values R' an X' the set zone 1 limit Klim, and the line
length, the short-circuit current at zone 1 limit Ik,lim and the corresponding time-constant Tlim can be
calculated:

RL  K lim  l L  RL' = 12 Ω

X L  K lim  l L  X L' = 32 Ω

Rk  RQ  RL = 13.024 Ω

Xk  XQ  X L = 35.859 Ω

Z k  Rk2  X k2 = 38.15 Ω

1.1  U n
I k ,lim  = 2.197 kA
3  Zk
Xk
Tlim  = 7.304 ms
2 f  Rk
where
Klim: set zone 1 limit = 80 %
l L: line length = 100 km
R'L: resistance per unit length = 0.15 Ω/km
X'L: reactance per unit length = 0.4 Ω/km

CT-DIMENSIONING CHECK:
For the protection relay 7SA510 the requirements for close-up faults and faults at zone 1 limit have to
be fulfilled.

Check of Requirement 1:
Ik
Tp = 10 ms
I pn
ALFo ≥ 2

ALFo = 72.171

DEMO-Department//DEMO-User 6/7/2020

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© CTDim 3.7 7SA510

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DEMO-Department
o
Ik
Meets requirement 1
I pn
2 = 35

Check of Requirement 2:
I k ,lim
I pn
ALFo ≥ 10

ALFo = 72.171
I k ,lim
Meets requirement 2
I pn
10 = 18.312

The current transformer is correctly dimensioned!

DEMO-Department//DEMO-User 6/7/2020

Revision

© CTDim 3.7 7SA510