Pak Affairs History Part for 100 Marks

competitive Exam:
Muhammad Bin Qasim (695-715 AD)
 Hajjaj Bin Yousaf Saqafi was the Ummayad
Governor of Iraq.
 Muhammad Bin Qasim conquered Sindh in
712 by defeating Raja Dahir.
 Conquered Sindh and Multan.
 MBQ army used Catapult (Manjaneeq) the
most advanced weapon on those days.
 1st Muslim governor of Sindh from (712-
715).
 Ummayad Dynasty was (661-750 AD).
 Abbasid Dynasty was (750-1258 AD).

Ghaznavids (962-1186 AD)

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  Alptigin from Samanid Dynasty (Slave)
 Alptigin Established his rule in Gaza
(Kabul).
 18 Rulers
 Alptigin (962-977 AD)
 Sebuktigin was son in law of Alptigin.
 Sebuktigin (Abu Mansoor) (977-997 AD)
 Mahmud Ghaznavi Reign (998-1030 AD)
 Mahmud Launched 17 attacks from 1001
to 1026.
 Title of Sultan given to Mahmood
Ghaznavi.
 Ghaznavi Dynasty included area of present
Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran.
 Hazrat Data Ganj Baksh came India with
Mahmood Ghaznavi.

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  Mahmood Ghaznavi invaded modern
Afghanistan & Pak in 1000 A.D and
defeated by Jaya Pala.
 Invaded Multan in 1006 AD.
 Last invasion 1027 he attacked Somnath
Temple.

Ghori Dynasty (1149-1206 AD)

 Gyasudin Muhammad Bin Saam
 Shabudin Ghouri
 Gor is a place in Afganistan.
 Gyasudin was elder brother of Shahbudin.
 In 1173 Shahbudin Muhammad Ghori
reconquered the city of Ghazna.
 Shahabudin Ghori captured Multan and
Uch in 1175 and captured Lahore in 1186.
 Conquered Peshawar in 1179.
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  1186 battle of Lahore (Control).
 1191 1st battle of Tarain with Parithvi
Raj(Defeated by Prithvi Raj).
 1192 2nd battle of Tarain (Defeated by
Ghouri).
 Conquest of Bihar, Gujrat, Dehli, Bengal.
 Rise of Muslims

Dehli Sultanate (1206-1526)

Hint: SKTSL
 Slave Dynasty(Mamlook) (1206-1290 AD)
(Turkish)
 Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) (Turkish)
 Tughluq Dynasty (1320-1414) (Turkish)
 Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451) (Turkish)
 Lodhi Dynasty (1451-1526) (Afghan)

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 1-Slave Dynasty (1206-1290)
 QutubDin Aibak of governor of Dehli in
Ghouri Dynasty.
 11 Rulers
 The slave dynasty (Mamluk Dynasty) was
the 1st Muslim dynasty to rule in India.
 Qutubuddin Aiabak is known as the
founder of slave Dynasty.
 Qutab Minar
 Shamsudin Altutmish Ruled(1211-1236 AD)
(Longest Period of Reign)
 RukunDin 1236 AD (Shortest period of
Reign)
 Altutmish shifted capital from Lahore to
Dehli.
 40 officials nobility of slaves known as
Chalisa(Ministers)
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  Introduced coins: Silver coin (Tanka) and
copper (Jital).
 Ghiyasudin Balbun (1266-1287 AD)
 Appointed Spy System

2-Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)

 Jalaludin Khilji (1290-1296)
 Title: Feroz
 Mangols attacks
 Allaudin Khilji (1296-1314)
 Nephew and Son in law of Jalaludin.
 Several Mangols attacks
 Conquest of Gujrat in 1299.
 Conquest of Mewar in 1303.
 Padmavati was wife of Ratan Singh.
 He called himself Sikandar Sani
 Strongest army
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  Established department of Finance and
Defence.

3-The Tughluq Dynasty (1320-1413 AD)

 9 Rulers
 Longest Period of Dehli Sultanate
Giyasudin Tughluq (1320-25)
 Title: Ghazi Malik
 He was governor of Dipalpur under
Allaudin in 1315.
Muhammad Bin Tughluq (1325-1351)
 Title: Jumma Khan
 He made Ibne Batuta Qazi of Dehli.
 Transfer Capital from Dehli to Daulatabad.
 Fall of Tughluq dynasty with Taimoor
invasion.

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 4-Sayyad Dynasty (1414-1451)
 Khizer Khan (1414-1421) : founder
 Alam Shah (1444-1451)
 He left Dehli. He used to live in Badun.

5-Lodhi Dynasty (1451-1526)

 Bahlol Lodhi (1451-1479)
 Sikandar Lodhi (1479-1517)
 Ibrahim Lodhi (1517-1526)
 BSI
 Daulat Khan Lodhi invited Baber to attack
on Ibrahim Lodhi.
Mughal Empires (1526-1857)
Hint: BHAJSA
 1526 first Battle of Panipat.

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  Rule on recent Pak, India, Afghanistan &
Bangladesh.
 Centre was Agra Dehli
1-Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur
(1526-1530)
 King of Fargana, Samarkand and Kabil.
 Founder of Mughal Empire in 1526 by
defeating Ibrahim Lodhi.
 Babri Masjid
 Use of Cannon for the first time.
 The Battle of Khanwa in 1527 was fought
between Baber and Rana Sanga.
 The tomb of Baber is located in Kabul.

2-Nasir-ud-Din Humayon
 Humayun (first reign) 1530-1540

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  Humayun (Second reign) 1555-1556
 11 year Reign
 Shair Shah Suri defeated 2 times to
Humayon.
 Hamyaun ran to Iran.
 Then go to umer kot Sindh.
Shair Shah Suri 1540-1545
 Real name Farid Khan
 Worked for Baber.
 Humayon was defeated the Battle of
Chaunsa in 1539.
 Humayon was defeated at the Battle of
Kannauj in 1540 by Sher Shah Suri.
 Gulbadan Begum wrote Humayon Nama,
 Great Trunk Road (GTR)
 1st postal System

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  In 1555-1556 Humayon defeated Shair
Shah Sori son.
 Hamayun died due to sudden fall from the
staircase of his library.

3-Jalaludin Muhammad
Akbar (1556-1605)
 Almost 49 year reign
 Most successful Emperor
 Empire bondries from Bangal to
Afghanistan & Kashmir to Daccan.
 Married with Joda Bai a Hindu Lady(was
mother of Jahangir)
 Akbar’s Deen Ilhai
 Ain-i-Akbari and Akbarnama were written
in Persian Language wrote by Abul Fazal.
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  Bairam Khan was the commander in chief
of Akbar.
 The most famous musician at the court of
Akbar was Ramtanu Pandey (Tansen).
 Rahim the famous poet in the court of
Akbar.
 Akbar gave land for the construction of
Golden Temple at Amritsar.
 Akbar was illiterate.
 In 2nd Battle of Panipat in 1556, Akbar
defeated Hemu(Hindu king at Dehli).
 Established strong army
 Akbar’s 9 Ratan
 End tax on Non-Muslims.
 Shahi Qilla Lahore, Agra Qilla, Ajmeer Qilla

4-Noor-ud-Din Jahangir (1605-1627)

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  Zanjir-e-Adal
 Prohibited vines
 Repeal the law of cutting of body parts.
 He was the first emperor in India who
allowed an English man to be a part of his
court.
 He was a patron of arts and favored
Mughal paintings.
 The tomb of Jahangir in Shahadra Bagh
Lahore.

5-Shah Jahan (1628-1658)

 30 years reign
 Known as Khurram
 Taj Mahal & Mumtaz Mahal
 Attractive (Hassen o Jameel) King

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  Takht-e-Taos or Peacock Throne (pure
gold)
 Lal Qilla, Motti Masjid
 Shalimar Garden Lahore

6-Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658-1707)

 Last effective emperor
 Published Fatwa-e-Alamgir
 Imposed tax on Hindus
 Badshahi Mosque Lahore
 Aurangzeb was known as Zinda Peer (living
saint) in Mughal India.

Decline of Mughal Empire (Phase-2)

 Qutub-ud-Din Muhammad Moazam (1707-
1712)

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  The 3rd Battle of Panipat fought between
Maratha Empire & invading Afghan army
in 1761.(1526,1556 & 1761)
 Bahadar Shah 2 or Bahadur Shah Zafar
(1837-1857)
 Last Emperor
 During the Mughal Rule Finance Minister is
known as Diwan.
 The Battle of Baxar was fought between
British East India Company and Bengal
Awadh and Mughal Empire in 1764.

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