82-P01.91.700065-01 KT-60 KT-62 KT-40 KT-42 Service Manual

Auto Hematology Analyzer
Model:KT-60/KT-62/KT-40/KT-42
Service Manual
For In Vitro Diagnostic Use
© 2004-2019 Genrui Biotech Inc. All rights reserved.
For this Service Manual, the issued date is 2019-11 (Version: A/1).
Item No.: P01.91.700065-01
Intellectual Property Rights

Genrui Biotech Inc. (hereinafter called Genrui) owns the copyright to this unpublished
manual and intends to maintain it as confidential. This publication is to be used solely for the
purposes of reference for Genrui equipment.
Genrui owns this manual and all intellectual property rights (including copyright) in this
manual. Nobody is allowed to use, disclose or let others obtain part or whole information of
this manual in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Genrui. Nobody is
allowed to take the following actions to part or all contents of this manual, including (but not
limited to) shoot, reproduce, copy, or translate it into other languages without the written
permission of Genrui.
Genrui reserves the final explanation right to this manual.
Genrui reserves the right to modify the content of this manual without prior notice.
Genrui reserves the right to make technical alterations without prior notice.
Genrui reserves the right to change the product specifications without prior notice.
Statement
Regarding this manual, Genrui will not take any warranty responsibility, expressed or
implied, including (but not limited to) warranties of merchantability and fitness for any
particular purpose.
Genrui is responsible for safety, reliability and performance of this equipment only in the
conditions that:
 All installation operations, expansions, readjustment, modifications and repairs of this

product are conducted by Genrui authorized personnel.
 Related electrical appliances conform to National Standards.
 The product is used in accordance with the operation guide.
Genrui will not take the responsibility for the products’ safety, reliability and performance
based on the following situations:
 Components are disassembled/reassembled, stretched and readjusted.
 Products are not properly operated according to the Operation Manual.

Warranty Service
Free service scope:
Where the equipments conform to the provisions of Genrui Warranty Services Ordinance
range can enjoy the free service.
Services to be charged:
(1) Services not included in Genrui Warranty Services Ordinance range should be charged
by Genrui.
(2) Damages caused by the following reasons should be charged for the services, even in
warranty period:
 Man-made damage
 Network voltage exceeds the equipment’s specified range
 Irresistible natural disasters
Genrui will not be responsible for the direct, indirect or eventual damages and delays
resulting from the following conditions (including but not limited to):
 Use the instrument improperly
 Replace parts or accessories not approved by Genrui
 Repair the instrument by personnel not authorized by Genrui
Customer Service Department

Manufacturer: Genrui Biotech Inc.
Address: 4-10F, Building 3, Geya Technology Park, Guangming District, 518106, Shenzhen,
China
Website: www.genrui-bio.com
E-mail: service@genrui-bio.com
Tel: +86 755 26835560
Fax: +86 755 26678789
 This analyzer can only be operated by test professionals, doctors or laboratory
technicians who have been trained by Genrui or its distributors.
 It is important for the hospital or organization that employs this equipment to carry out a
reasonable service/maintenance plan. Neglect of this may result in machine breakdown
or injury of human health.
 Be sure to operate the analyzer under the situation specified in this manual; otherwise,
the analyzer will not work normally and the analysis results will be unreliable, which
would damage the analyzer components and cause personal injury.
 This equipment must be operated by skilled/trained professional maintenance

personnel.
 Be sure to operate and service the analyzer strictly as instructed in this manual and the
operation manual.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ..................................................................................... i
1. Product Overview .......................................................................... 1

1.1. Product Name................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1. Physical Specifications ............................................................................. 2
1.1.1. Electrical Specifications ............................................................................ 2
1.1.2. Environment Requirements ...................................................................... 3
1.1.3. Product Specifications .............................................................................. 3
1.2. Testing Parameters .......................................................................................... 3
1.3. Product Description .......................................................................................... 6
1.3.1. Main unit .................................................................................................... 7
1.3.2. Indicator..................................................................................................... 7
1.3.3. Power switch ............................................................................................. 7
1.3.4. [Aspirate] key ............................................................................................ 7
1.3.5. Network/USB port ..................................................................................... 7
1.4. Product Configuration ....................................................................................... 8
1.5. Reagents, Controls and Calibrators ................................................................. 8
1.5.1. Reagents ................................................................................................... 8
1.5.2. Controls and Calibrators ........................................................................... 9
1.6. Information Storage Capacity ........................................................................... 9
2. Installation ................................................................................... 10
2.1. Checking before Installation ........................................................................... 10
2.2. Installation Requirements ............................................................................... 10
2.2.1. Space Requirements .............................................................................. 10
2.2.2. Power Requirements ...............................................................................11
2.2.3. Environmental Requirements ..................................................................11
2.2.4. Moving and Installation Method .............................................................. 12
3. Working Principles ...................................................................... 13

3.1. Overview ......................................................................................................... 13
3.2. Workflow ......................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Sample Aspiration........................................................................................... 14
3.4. WBC/RBC/PLT Measurement ........................................................................ 14
3.4.1. Electrical Impedance Method.................................................................. 14
3.4.2. Derivation of RBC-Related Parameters .................................................. 15
3.4.3. Derivation of PLT-Related Parameters ................................................... 15
3.5. HGB Measurement ......................................................................................... 16
3.5.1. Colorimetric Method ................................................................................ 16
3.5.2. HGB......................................................................................................... 16
4. Software and Interface ................................................................ 17

Service Manual i
Table of Contents
4.1. Login ................................................................................................................17

4.2. Calibration .......................................................................................................17
4.2.1. Calibration Factor and Transfer Factor....................................................17
4.2.2. Calibration ................................................................................................18
4.3. Sample Probe Debugging ...............................................................................20
4.4. Gain Setting.....................................................................................................21
4.5. Performance ....................................................................................................22
4.5.1. Background test .......................................................................................22
4.5.2. Carryover .................................................................................................23
4.6. Advanced Toolbox ...........................................................................................24
4.6.1. System Configuration ..............................................................................24
4.6.2. One-key Export ........................................................................................25
4.7. Software Upgrade ...........................................................................................26
4.8. Status Indicator ...............................................................................................27
4.9. Buzzer .............................................................................................................28
5. Data Transmission ....................................................................... 29

5.1. LIS Connection ................................................................................................29
5.2. Communication Error Analysis ........................................................................32
5.2.1. Physical Connection ................................................................................32
5.2.2. Communication Setup .............................................................................34
5.2.3. Network Firewall ......................................................................................35
6. Fluidic System ............................................................................. 36

6.1. Measurement Flow ..........................................................................................36
6.1.1. WBC&HGB Channel ................................................................................38
6.1.2. RBC/PLT Channel ...................................................................................39
6.2. Sample Volume ...............................................................................................39
6.3. Introduction to Fluidic Parts.............................................................................40
6.3.1. LVMK Fluidic Valve ..................................................................................40
6.3.2. Syringe Linkage .......................................................................................42
6.3.3. Negative Pressure Pump Syringe ...........................................................43
6.3.4. Sample Probe ..........................................................................................44
6.3.5. Sample Probe Wash Set .........................................................................45
6.3.6. Baths ........................................................................................................45
6.4. Detailed Introduction of Fluidic Structure ........................................................46
6.4.1. Sampling and dispensing channel ...........................................................46
6.4.2. WBC & HGB Channel ..............................................................................47
6.4.3. RBC/PLT Channel ...................................................................................48
6.4.4. Precautions for Assembly and Service ....................................................48
6.5. Introduction to Sequences ..............................................................................50
6.5.1. Measurement Sequence in Whole Blood Normal Mode .........................51
6.5.2. Measurement sequence in Predilute Normal mode ................................59
6.5.3. Measurement sequence in L-WBC/PLT mode ........................................59
6.5.4. Introduction to the Maintenance Sequences ...........................................60
ii Service Manual
Table of Contents
7. Hardware System ........................................................................ 62

7.1. Overview ......................................................................................................... 62
7.1.1. Hardware Resources .............................................................................. 62
7.1.2. System Troubleshooting ......................................................................... 63
7.2. Main Control Board Module ........................................................................... 64
7.2.1. Main Input Signal .................................................................................... 64
7.2.2. Main Output Signal.................................................................................. 64
7.2.3. Function and Performance Realization .................................................. 65
7.2.4. Module Circuit Introduction ..................................................................... 65
7.2.5. Troubleshooting ...................................................................................... 69
8. Troubleshooting .......................................................................... 74
9. Mechanical System ..................................................................... 80

9.1. Overview ......................................................................................................... 80
9.1.1. Front View ............................................................................................... 80
9.1.2. Back View ............................................................................................... 81
9.1.3. Left View.................................................................................................. 82
9.1.4. Right View ............................................................................................... 82
9.2. Components ................................................................................................... 83
9.2.1. Introduction ............................................................................................. 83
9.2.2. Overall Unit ............................................................................................. 83
9.2.3. Front Panel Assembly ............................................................................. 86
9.2.4. Fluidic Plate Assembly ............................................................................ 87
9.2.5. Sampling assembly ................................................................................. 88
9.2.6. Horizontal Movement Assembly ............................................................. 89
9.2.7. Vertical Movement Assembly .................................................................. 90
9.2.8. Shield Cover of Counting Pool ................................................................ 92
9.2.9. Rear Plate Assembly .............................................................................. 93
9.2.10. Power assembly ...................................................................................... 94
9.2.11. Shell Assembly........................................................................................ 95
9.3. Removal and Installation ................................................................................ 97
9.3.1. Tools........................................................................................................ 97
9.3.2. Preparation for Disassembly ................................................................... 97
9.4. Disassembling the Main Unit .......................................................................... 98
9.4.1. Removing the Top Plate Assembly......................................................... 99
9.4.2. Removing the Left/Right Plate Assembly ............................................... 99
9.4.3. Removing the Power Plate Assembly................................................... 100
9.4.4. Removing the Rear Plate ...................................................................... 101
9.4.5. Removing the Front Shell Assembly..................................................... 102
9.4.6. Shield Cover of RBC and WBC Counting Pool Repair Assembly ........ 102
9.4.7. Removing the Aperture ......................................................................... 104
9.4.8. Replacing the Isolator ........................................................................... 105
9.4.9. Removing the Right Plate Solenoid Valve Assembly ........................... 106
9.4.10. Removing the Front Valve Assembly.................................................... 107
9.4.11. Removing the Pump ............................................................................. 108
Service Manual iii

Table of Contents
9.4.12. Removing the Waste Pump Assembly ..................................................109

9.4.13. Removing the Sample Probe Wash Set ................................................ 110
9.4.14. Replacing the Sample Probe ................................................................. 111
9.4.15. Removing the Sampling Assembly ........................................................ 112
9.4.16. Replacing the Thermal Recorder........................................................... 113
9.4.17. Removing the Indicator board PCBA..................................................... 114
9.4.18. Removing the Touch Screen Inverter(Only for KT-60/KT-62 models) .. 115
9.4.19. Removing the LCD Module.................................................................... 116
9.4.20. Removing the Touch Screen ................................................................. 117
9.4.21. Removing the Scan Head Adapter Board ............................................. 118
10. Debugging .................................................................................. 119

10.1. Sample Probe Position Adjustment............................................................... 119
10.1.1. Sample Probe to the Center of the WBC Bath ...................................... 119
10.1.2. Sample Probe to the Center of the RBC Bath .......................................120
10.1.3. Sample Probe Horizantal Aspiration Position ........................................121
10.2. HGB Blank Voltage Setup .............................................................................122
10.3. RBC Gain Setup ............................................................................................123
10.4. WBC Gain Setup ...........................................................................................124
11. Commissioning and Verification after Servicing .................... 125
12. Service BOM ............................................................................... 129
13. Appendix .................................................................................... 131

Appendix A Fluidic Diagram .....................................................................................131
Appendix B Connection and Tube............................................................................131
Appendix C Hardware Block Diagram......................................................................137
Appendix D Commissioning and Verification Form ..................................................138
iv Service Manual
Product Overview
1. Product Overview
1.1. Product Name

 Name: Auto Hematology Analyzer
 Model: KT-60/KT-62/KT-40/KT-42
 Appearance:
 KT-60(left), KT-62(right)
 KT-40(left), KT-42(right)
Service Manual 1
Product Overview
1.1.1.Physical Specifications
Table 1-1 Dimensions and weight
KT-60/KT-62/KT-40/KT-42 Whole device
Width ≤ 300mm
Dimensions Height ≤ 400mm (with foot)
Depth ≤ 430mm
Weight ≤ 20Kg
1.1.1. Electrical Specifications

Table 1-2 Main unit power supply
Parameter Value
Voltage 100-240V～
Input power 160VA
Frequency 50/60Hz
Fuse specification: F6.3A L250V
 Only fuses of the specified specification shall be used.
2 Service Manual
Product Overview
1.1.2.Environment Requirements
Table 1-3 Overall environment requirements
Operating Storage Running

environment environment environment
requirements requirements requirements
Ambient
10℃～30℃ -10℃～40℃ 10℃～40℃
temperature
Relative
≤ 85% 10%～90% 10%～90%
humidity
Atmospheric
70kPa～106kPa 50kPa～106kPa 70kPa～106kPa
pressure
1.1.3.Product Specifications
 Measurement mode
Four measurement modes are provided: Normal, L-WBC , L-PLT and L-WBC/PLT.
 Sample mode
Three sample modes are provided: Whole Blood, Prediluted and Capillary Whole Blood.
Normal mode can be use in the three sample modes.
L-WBC and L-PLT modes can only be used in Whole Blood and Capillary Whole Blood.
 Throughput
The testing speed of KT-60/KT-62 for Whole Blood/Capillary WB/Prediluted blood modes in
open vial sampling mode is not lower than 40 samples per hour.
The testing speed of KT-40/KT-42 for Whole Blood/Capillary WB/Prediluted blood modes in
open vial sampling mode is not lower than 60 samples per hour.
1.2. Testing Parameters

In Normal, L-WBC/PLT (where L-PLT and L-WBC modes are only available in whole blood
mode and Capillary WB mode), the corresponding parameters are detailed in the following
table:
Table 1-4 Parameters
Parameter Norma L-WBC/PL

Name Abbreviation
Group l T
White Blood Cell

WBC group WBC
count √ √
(7)
Service Manual 3
Product Overview

Name Abbreviation
Group l T
Lymphocytes
Lym% √ √
percentage
Intermediate cell
Mid% √ √
percentage
Neutrophilic
granulocyte Gran% √ √
percentage
Lymphocytes count Lym# √ √
Intermediate cell
Mid# √ √
count
Neutrophilic
Gran# √ √
granulocyte count
RBC group (8) Red Blood Cell count RBC √ √
Hemoglobin
HGB √ √
Concentration
Mean Corpuscular
MCV √ √
Volume
Mean Corpuscular
MCH √ √
Hemoglobin
Mean Corpuscular
Hemoglobin MCHC √ √
Concentration
Red Blood Cell

Distribution Width - RDW-CV √ √
Coefficient of Variation
4 Service Manual
Product Overview

Name Abbreviation
Group l T
Red Blood Cell

Distribution Width - RDW-SD √ √
Standard Deviation
Hematocrit HCT √ √
Platelet count PLT √ √
Mean Platelet Volume MPV √ √
Platelet Distribution
PDW √ √
Width
PLT group (6)
Plateletcrit PCT √ √
Platelet larger cell count P-LCC √ √
Platelet larger cell ratio P-LCR √ √
Table 1-5 Histograms
Name Abbreviation
White Blood Cell Histogram WBC Histogram
Red Blood Cell Histogram RBC Histogram
Platelet Histogram PLT Histogram
 “√” means “available under the mode”, “/” means “not available under the mode”.
Service Manual 5
Product Overview
1.3. Product Description

 KT-60/KT-62/KT-40/KT-42 Auto Hematology Analyzer primarily comprises the host,
accessories and software. The host includes a display screen, sampling assembly,
fluidic system, power interface, reagent interface and signal interface. Model
differences are as follows:
Model KT-60 KT-62 KT-40 KT-42
60 60 40 40
Throughput
samples/hour samples/hour samples/hour samples/hour
Screen size 10.4 inch 10.4 inch 8 inch 8 inch
Memory 600000 500000 400000 300000
 The illustrations in this manual are based on KT-60. The structure of KT-62, KT-40 and
KT-42 are basically the same.
 This analyzer is heavy and may cause personal injury if handled by only one person. It
requires at least two people to transport the analyzer. It is important to follow
appropriate safety rules and use appropriate tools while handling.
Figure 1-1 Front view of the main unit
1. Touch screen 2. Sample probe 3. [Aspirate] key
6 Service Manual
Product Overview
Figure 1-2 Back view of the main unit
1. Network port 2. USB port 3. Power input socket

4. Waste sensor socket 5. Diluent inlet 6. Waste outlet
1.3.1.Main unit
The machine for analysis and data processing, it is the main part of the product.
1.3.2.Indicator
The indicator is located in the lower right side of the analyzer (front side). It indicates the
status of the analyzer including ready, running, error, standby and on/off, etc.
1.3.3.Power switch
The power switch is located on the rear side of the analyzer. It is used to turn on/off the
analyzer.
 Do not turn on/off the switch repeatedly in a short time to avoid damaging the analyzer.
1.3.4.[Aspirate] key
The [Aspirate] key is located in the middle of the right front side. Press the key to start the
selected analysis, dispense diluent or exit from standby mode.
1.3.5.Network/USB port
There are 4 USB ports, 1 network port on the left side of the main unit for peripheral
Service Manual 7
Product Overview
connection or data transmission.
1.4. Product Configuration

The system configuration is composed mainly of the main analyzer unit, accompanying
accessories and reagent system. The user can choose an optional external scanner.
The USB port can be used to connect the following printer models: HP Color LaserJet Pro
M252n, HP LaserJet Pro P1108 and HP LaserJet Pro P1102.
1.5. Reagents, Controls and Calibrators

As the analyzer, reagents, controls and calibrators are components of a system,
performance of the system depends on the combined integrity of all components. You
should only use the specified reagents which are formulated specifically for the fluidic
system of your analyzer in order to provide optimal system performance. Do not use the
analyzer with reagents from multiple suppliers. Otherwise, the analyzer may not meet the
performance specified in this manual and may provide unreliable results. All references
related to reagents in this manual refer to the reagents specifically formulated for this
analyzer.
Each reagent package must be examined before use. Product integrity may be
compromised in packages that have been damaged. Inspect the package for signs of
leakage or moisture. If there is evidence of leakage or improper handling, do not use the
reagent.
 Store and use the reagents as instructed by instructions for use of the reagents.
 Pay attention to the expiration dates and open-container stability days of all the
reagents. Be sure not to use expired reagents.
 After installing a new container of reagent, keep it still for a while before use.
1.5.1.Reagents
1) Diluent
It is used to dilute the blood samples to achieve functions such as blood cell counting,
volume measurement and hemoglobin measurement.
2) LH lyse
It is used to lyse red blood cells, count and differentiate WBCs, and determine the HGB.
3) Probe cleanser
It is used to clean the analyzer regularly.
8 Service Manual
Product Overview
1.5.2.Controls and Calibrators

The controls and calibrators are used for calibration and quality control of the analyzer.
The controls are industrial whole blood products, used for monitoring and evaluating the
accuracy of the hematology analyzer. They are available in low, normal, and high levels. The
calibrators are also commercially prepared whole blood products, used for calibration of the
analyzer to establish metrological traceability for measurement results. Store and use the
controls and calibrators as instructed by their instructions for use.
1.6. Information Storage Capacity

Table 1-7 Data storage requirements
KT-60’s storage capacity of sample data is not less than 600000

Storage KT-62’s storage capacity of sample data is not less than 500000
capacity KT-40’s storage capacity of sample data is not less than 400000
KT-42’s storage capacity of sample data is not less than 300000
The storage contents shall include at least the following information:

Storage
counting results and diagrams (including histograms), sample information,
contents
patient information, alarm information, special information of the instrument
Service Manual 9
Installation
2. Installation
2.1. Checking before Installation

All the analyzers have been inspected strictly before packing and shipping. When you
received your analyzer, before opening the packaging, perform a thorough inspection and
note whether there is any of the following damage:
1) Up-side-down or distortion of the packaging.
2) Obvious water marks on the packaging.
3) Obvious signs of being striked on the packaging.
4) Packaging shows signs of having been opened previously.
If you notice any of the above instances of damage, please immediately notify your local
distributor.
If the outer packaging is intact, unpack it in the presence of your local distributor and
conduct the following inspection:
1) Verify if all the components are equipped according to the packing list.
2) Carefully check the appearance of all the components to verify whether there is
breakage, crash or deformity.
If you notice any shipping damage or missing part, please immediately notify your local
distributor.
2.2. Installation Requirements

2.2.1.Space Requirements
Check the site for proper space allocation. In addition to the space required for the analyzer
itself, arrange for:
1) proper height to place the analyzer;
2) at least 50cm between the left and right side door of the analyzer and the walls,
which is the preferred access to perform service procedures;
3) at least 50cm behind the analyzer for cabling and ventilation.
10 Service Manual
Installation
 There should be enough room on and below the countertop to accommodate the
reagents and waste containers.
 The diluent container shall be put within 1.0m under the analyzer, lyse containers are
placed inside the analyzer.
 The countertop (or the floor) where the analyzer is placed shall be able to withstand at
least 40kg of weight.
2.2.2.Power Requirements
Table 2-1 Power specification
Voltage Input power Frequency
Analyzer 100-240V～ 160VA 50/60Hz
 Make sure the analyzer is properly grounded.

 Before turning on the analyzer, make sure the input voltage meets the requirements.
 Using pinboard may bring the electrical interference and the analysis results may be
unreliable. Please place the analyzer near the electrical outlet to avoid using the
pinboard.
 Please use the original power cable shipped with the analyzer. Using other power cable
may damage the analyzer or cause unreliable analysis results.
2.2.3.Environmental Requirements
1) Operating temperature range: 10℃-30℃
2) Relative humidity: ≤ 85%
3) Atmospheric pressure: 70.0kPa-106.0kPa
Service Manual 11
Installation
 The environment shall be as free as possible from dust, mechanical vibrations, loud
noises, and electrical interference.
 It is advisable to evaluate the electromagnetic environment prior to operation of this
analyzer.
 Keep the analyzer away from strong sources of electromagnetic interference, as these
may interfere with the proper operation.
 Do not place the analyzer near brush-type motors, flickering fluorescent lights, and
electrical contacts that regularly open and close.
 Do not place the analyzer in direct sunlight or in front of a source of heat or wind.
 The environment shall be ventilated.
 Place the analyzer on a horizontal flat surface.
 Connect only to a properly earth grounded outlet.
 Only use this analyzer indoors.
2.2.4.Moving and Installation Method

Moving and installation of the analyzer shall be conducted by authorized personnel. Do not
move or install your analyzer without the presence of authorized personnel or your local
distributor.
 Installation by personnel not authorized or trained by Genrui may cause personal injury
or damage your analyzer. Do not install your analyzer without the presence of
Genrui-authorized personnel or local distributor.
 Before the analyzer is shipped out, the sample probe is fixed by a plastic cable tie to
avoid damaging the sample probe during transportation. Remove the cable tie before
using the analyzer.
12 Service Manual
Working Principles
3. Working Principles
3.1. Overview
This analyzer uses Coulter priciple to test the number of WBC, RBC and PLT; colorimetric
method to determe HGB concentration. The analyzer will calculate the other parameters
based on these results.
3.2. Workflow
The whole system contains the following main functions: reagent system, sample allocation,
sample preparation, sample testing, signal processing, parameter analysis, data
management, status monitoring, scheduling control and information processing, human
machine interface, power supply, cleaning and maintenance. The relationship between
these functions is as shown in the chart below.
The scheduling control and information processing function block controls other function
blocks, which collaborate in accordance with the designed processes and requirements to
complete the core task of the whole system, i.e. sample measurement and analysis.
Service Manual 13
Working Principles
3.3. Sample Aspiration

If you are to analyze a whole blood sample in the open vial sampling mode, the analyzer will
aspirate 9μL (Normal mode, L-PLT and L-WBC ) of the sample.
If you are to analyze a capillary blood sample in the open vial sampling mode, you should
first manually dilute the sample (20μL of capillary sample needs to be diluted by 1000μL of
diluent, dilution ratio: 1:51) and then present the pre-diluted sample to the analyzer, which
will aspirate 320μL of the sample.
3.4. WBC/RBC/PLT Measurement
3.4.1. Electrical Impedance Method

WBCs/RBCs/PLTs are counted and sized by the electrical impedance method. The blood
sample enters the WBC detection unit, and the RBC/PLT detection sample enters the RBC
detection unit after being diluted twice. The detection unit has a small opening called a
detection aperture. There are a pair of positive and negative electrodes on both sides of the
small hole to connect the constant current power supply.This method is based on the
measurement of changes in electrical resistance produced by a particle, which in this case
is a blood cell, suspended in a conductive diluent as it passes through an aperture of known
dimensions. A pair of electrodes is submerged in the liquid on both sides of the aperture to
create an electrical pathway. As each particle passes through the aperture, a transitory
change in the resistance between the electrodes is produced. This change produces a
measurable electrical pulse. The number of pulses generated represents the number of
particles that passed through the aperture. The amplitude of each pulse is proportional to
the volume of each particle.
Figure 4-2 Electrical Impedance Method
14 Service Manual
Working Principles
Each pulse is amplified and compared to the internal reference voltage channel, which only
accepts the pulses of certain amplitude. The analyzer presents the cell histogram, whose
x-coordinate represents the cell volume (fL) and y-coordinate represents the number of the
cells.
3.4.2.Derivation of RBC-Related Parameters

1) RBC
RBC (1012/L) is the number of erythrocytes measured directly by counting the erythrocytes
passing through the aperture.
2) MCV
Based on the RBC histogram, this analyzer calculates the mean cell volume (MCV) and
expresses the result in fL.
3) HCT, MCH and MCHC
This analyzer calculates the HCT (%), MCH (pg) and MCHC (g/L) as follows, where the
RBC is expressed in 1012/L, MCV in fL and HGB in g/L.
RBC×MCV
HCT =
10
HGB
MCH =
RBC
HGB
MCHC = × 100
HCT
Where the RBC is expressed in 1012/L, MCV in fL and HGB in g/L.
4) RDW-CV
Based on the RBC histogram, this analyzer calculates the CV (Coefficient of Variation) of
the erythrocyte distribution width, which is expressed in %.
5) RDW-SD
RDW-SD (RBC Distribution Width – Standard Deviation, fL) is obtained by calculating the
standard deviation of erythrocyte size distribution.
3.4.3.Derivation of PLT-Related Parameters

1) PLT
PLT (109/L) is measured directly by counting the platelets passing through the aperture.
2) MPV
Based on the PLT histogram, this analyzer calculates the mean platelet volume (MPV, fL).
3) PDW
Platelet distribution width (PDW) is the geometric standard deviation (GSD) of the platelet
size distribution. Each PDW result is derived from the platelet histogram data and is
Service Manual 15
Working Principles
reported as 10(GSD).
4) PCT
This analyzer calculates the PCT as follows and expresses it in %, where the PLT is
expressed in 109/L and the MPV in fL.
PLT×MPV
PCT =
10000
3.5. HGB Measurement
3.5.1.Colorimetric Method
The WBC/HGB dilution is delivered to the HGB bath where it is bubble mixed with a certain
amount of lyse, which converts hemoglobin to a hemoglobin complex that is measurable at
530nm. An LED is mounted on one side of the bath and emits a beam of monochromatic
light, whose central wavelength is 530nm. The light passes through the sample and is then
measured by an optical sensor that is mounted on the opposite side. The signal is then
amplified and the voltage is measured and compared to the blank reference reading
(readings taken when there is only diluent in the bath), and the HGB is measured and
calculated in the analyzer automatically.
3.5.2.HGB
The HGB is calculated per the following equation and expressed in g/L.
HGB (g/L) = Constant x Log10 (Blank Photocurrent/Sample Photocurrent)
16 Service Manual
Software and Interface
4. Software and Interface
4.1. Login
Log in using the service level username and password:
Username: Service
Password: GRKT06
 The login password is case sensitive.
4.2. Calibration
4.2.1.Calibration Factor and Transfer Factor
The purpose of calibration is to obtain accurate blood analysis results.
The calibration method is multiplying the result by the calibration factor, so that the final
analysis result is close to the target value. The calculation equation of the calibration factor
is:
The target result

Calibration factor =
The analysis result
There are two different analysis modes: Normal and Smart counting Mode. The two analysis
modes correspond to two fluidic sequences respectively. Therefore, the analysis results of
the same sample in different modes are different. However, this difference is relatively fixed.
During calibration, it is only required to obtain the calibration factor of one mode, the
calibration factor of the other mode can be calculated by multiplying this fixed difference
coefficient, which is called transfer factor. The calculation equation of the transfer factor is:
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛1(Normal mode)
Transfer = × 100%
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛2(Smart counting mode)
Whole blood is the same as the capillary WB, and the smart counting mode of the capillary
WB call the transfer coefficient of whole blood;
Predilute has no smart counting mode, so there is no need to use transfer coefficients;
Service Manual 17
There are two calibration factors: factory calibration factor and user calibration factor.
For the Whole Blood/ Capillary WB/Predilute mode, the analysis result will be calculated by
the following equation:
𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭 = 𝐌𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞 × 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 × 𝐔𝐬𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫
For the Smart counting Mode, the analysis result will be calculated by the following
equation:
𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭 = 𝐌𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞 × 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 × 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐟𝐞𝐫 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫
× 𝐔𝐬𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫
The calibration will only generate calibration factors and transfer factors of five traceable
parameters: WBC, RBC, HGB, MCV and PLT.
 If login with service level password, the calibration will modify the factory calibration
factor and transfer factor, and will modify the user calibration factor to 100.00%.
4.2.2.Calibration
Figure 4-1 Service level calibration-whole blood screen
18 Service Manual
Figure 4-2 Service level calibration- Predilute screen
The service level calibration with calibrators in whole blood mode will generate the factory
calibration factor and transfer factor at a time. The first 6 counts are performed in Normal
mode, and the last 6 counts are performed in Smarting counting Mode. After all the 12
counts are completed, the new calibration factor and transfer factor will be automatically
calculated. The operator will be prompted to save the calibration factor when exiting this
screen.
The service level calibration with calibrators in Predilute mode will generate the factory
calibration factor and transfer factor at a time. After all the 5 counts are completed, the new
calibration factor and transfer factor will be automatically calculated. The operator will be
prompted to save the calibration factor when exiting this screen.
Before calibration, be sure to set up the calibrator Lot No., the calibrator Exp. Date, analysis
mode and calibration targets.
The range of calibration factor is [0.75, 1.25].
 Please use specified calibrators for calibration before their expiration date.
Service Manual 19
 If the calibration factor and CV are beyond the above range, they will be displayed in
red, and the current result will not be saved.
4.3. Sample Probe Debugging

The purpose of sample probe debugging is to check if the probe can move to each working
position properly.
Figure 4-3 Sample probe debugging screen
Enter the sample probe debugging screen and click the “Initial Position” button. Wait until
theinitialization is completed before starting the sample probe debugging. For detailed
information, please refer to Section 10.1 “Sample Probe Position Adjustment” in Chapter 10.
20 Service Manual
4.4. Gain Setting

The WBCgain, RBC gain and HGB gain can be set up in the Gain Setting screen.
Figure 4-4 Gain setting screen
The WBC gain, RBC gain and HGB gain are hardware gains, which require the digital
potentiometer to be set. The range of gain setting is [0, 255].
The RBC gain setting can be calculated by the following equation:
New MCV New gain value + 28.16

=
Old MCV Old gain value + 28.16
The HGB gain setting does not need to be calculated by an equation, just modify the
setting until the background voltage is equal to 4.5±0.1V.
Service Manual 21
 The gain settings will have effect on the affectivity of the measurement. Please be
careful with the setting.
 While the analyzer is in standby, the HGB voltage will not reflect the background
voltage. In this event, the operator must exit the standby mode before adjusting the
HGB gain.
4.5. Performance
4.5.1.Background test
Figure 4-5 Background count screen
In the Background Count screen, pressing the aspirate key without using any sample will
start the background count. In the Background Count screen, if “pass” is displayed in the
Result column, then the background test is passed.
22 Service Manual
4.5.2.Carryover
Figure 4-6 Carryover test screen
Test method: Under the stable condition of the analyzer, perform three consecutive
measurements on the high-level sample immediately followed by three consecutive
measurements on the low- level sample. The carryover can be calculated from the following
equation:
First low level sample result − Third low level sample result
Carryover (%) = × 100%
Third high level sample result − Third low level sample result
Service Manual 23
4.6. Advanced Toolbox

4.6.1.System Configuration
Figure 4-8 System configuration screen
On the System Configuration tab of the Advanced Toolbox, you can modify the language
type and make software upgrades.
 The modification to language type will not take effect until after the analyzer is restarted.
 At most 500 inf files can be saved. After 500 files are saved, the new files will overwrite
the old files. (Automatic setting)
24 Service Manual
4.6.2.One-key Export
Figure 4-9 One-key export screen
The contents that can be exported by One-Key operation include:
 Inf files
 Special information files
 Instrument information: includes version information, configuration parameter (gain
and calibration), algorithm parameters, instrument status, software language and
instrument name
 Software debug information: includes parameter setting, error log, upgrade log and
system log
 Closed reagent information: includes closed reagent information and counter
information
 The USB flash drive has been preformatted as FAT32.
 There is enough free space in the USB flash drive. It is recommended to reserve 4G
space.
Service Manual 25
4.7. Software Upgrade

 Creat an upgrade USB flash drive
Copy the file named “ktUpdate.dav” to a formatted USB flash drive.
 The USB flash drive has been preformatted as FAT32.
 “ktUpdate.dav” is stored directly under the root directory of the USB flash drive.
 Upgrade
Insert the USB flash drive into the USB port on the analyzer. Enter the Advanced Toolbox
and launch Upgrade to upgrade the software according to the prompts. After the upgrade is
complete, you will be prompted to shut down and restart the analyzer.
 Never disconnect the USB flash drive or the power supply during the upgrade process.
Otherwise the analyzer may not be able to start.
 The duration of the upgrade process varies with the upgrade contents. Typically it will
last for around 10 minutes.
 Troubleshooting
If the upgrade fails, try again.
26 Service Manual
4.8. Status Indicator

The system status is indicated by the three color indicator on the panel door. All the flash
cycles are 2 seconds. The indicator changes with the analyzer status as shown in the table
below:
Table 4-1 Indication of the main unit status indicator
Analyzer status Indicator Remark
Ready Green light on Sequence is allowed
Green light
Running Sequence is being performed
flashing
Red light
Running with error The analyzer is running with error
flashing
An error has occurred and the analyzer is not

Stop with fault Red light on
running
No error, but fluidic Initialization (not involving sequence actions)

Yellow light on
actions are not allowed in startup process, standby status
Yellow light
Enter/Exit standby status Enter/Exit standby status
flashing
Service Manual 27
4.9. Buzzer
When an error occurs, the buzzer will beep. The alarm will be automatically cleared by
tapping the touchscreen or correcting the error. The buzzer alarm will stop when all the
errors are cleared. It prompts to instruct the user with possible actions by the beep.
Table 4-2 Main unit buzzer prompts
When… How… Remark
Startup completed means

the whole startup process
Startup completed 1 short beep has been completed and
the analyzer is ready for
operation
2 short
Open-vial aspiration completed /
beeps
Press the aspirate key on the analysis

screens (including sample analysis, QC, When dialog box message
calibration, reproducibility, carryover, 1 long beep is given, the buzzer may
background, aging, optical gain calibration not beep.
count, etc.) when analysis cannot be started.
Long
Tap the touch screen to
Error intermittent
turn off the buzzer.
beeps
The analyzer enters ready

The analyzer enters ready status 1 short beep
status from other status.
If an error occurs during the

When the analyzer screen turns black and the
Turn off the shutdown process, turn off
message “Please power off the analyzer”
buzzer the buzzer when the
appears
screen turns black.
28 Service Manual
Data Transmission
5. Data Transmission
5.1. LIS Connection

 Communication setup (“Menu”>“Setup”>“System Setup”>“Communication Setup”)
The operator can perform the following setups in the “Communication Setup” screen.
 Network Device
 Protocol setup
 Transmission mode
Figure 5-1 Communication setup screen
 Network Device
Click the pull-down lists to select wired and wireless device.
Wired：Wired refers to the setting of the universal connection network cable. When wired,
you can set the IP address, subnet mask, and so on.
Wireless：Wireless refers to the setting when connecting a wireless network card. When
wireless is selected, wireless WIFI can be set.
Service Manual 29
Data Transmission
 Protocol setup
IP address: IP address setting of the analyzer.
Subnet mask: The subnet mask of the analyzer, usually 255.255.255.0.
Default gateway: IP address of the gateway.
Mac address: Mac address of the analyzer, given by the factory, can not be changed.
LIS IP address: IP address used in the PC where the LIS software is located.
LIS port: Port number occupied by the LIS software.
Comm. protocol: For selecting the protocol type. Click the pull-down list and select the
appropriate communication protocol type from the options. Currently only HL7 protocol is
supported.
ACK synchronous transmission: This function can be activated by selecting the “ACK
Synchronous Transmission” checkbox. When this function is active, the ACK timeout is
defaulted as “10” seconds.
 The IP address of the analyzer is statically allocated. Before setup, please consult your
network administrator to avoid IP conflict.
 For communication across subnets, the subnet mask and the gateway must be correct.
Please consult your network administrator.
 Transmission mode
The operator can select required options by clicking the following checkboxes to activate
corresponding communication setup as needed:
 Auto retransmit
 Auto communication
 Auto fetch info from LIS
 Transmit as print bitmap data
 “Auto retransmit” means that the communication can be resumed automatically after
the network resumes. (To check the “Auto retransmit”, the “ACK Synchronous
Transmission” must be checked first.)
 “Auto communication” means that it is automatically uploaded to the LIS after the
sample analysis is complete.
 “Auto fetch info from LIS” is a two-way LIS function. If this option is selected, press the
30 Service Manual
Data Transmission
[Get LIS] button in the next sample information interface in the “Sample Analysis”
interface, you can read the patient information from the LIS side.
 “Transmit as print bitmap data” means that the transmission mode of graphics data is
print bitmap data.
 Transmission method for histograms and scattergrams
Click the pull-down list and select the transmission method for histograms as required from
the following options:
 Not transmitted
 Bitmap
 Data
 “Not transmitted” means that it will upload neither the picture nor the data to the LIS.
 “Bitmap” means that it will upload histograms and scattergrams to LIS in BMP format.
 “Data” means that the histograms will be converted into binary data by the system and
uploaded to LIS in data format.
Service Manual 31
Data Transmission
5.2. Communication Error Analysis

5.2.1.Physical Connection
Check if the network cable works properly and the physical network connections are correct.
1) Communication is completed. The analyzer communicates with the LIS normally.
32 Service Manual
Data Transmission
2) Please ensure that the network is connected. Cause of communication error: direct
connection to the LIS terminal or connection to the LIS cable is not smooth.
Service Manual 33
Data Transmission
5.2.2.Communication Setup
Check if the network setup is correct, including the communication setup of the analyzer and
LIS.
1) Usually LIS communication setting is not provided. It should be consistent with the IP
address of the computer.
2) The communication address of the analyzer and the LIS communication address must
be on the same network segment. You need to set the IP address and port that are not
occupied independently. The LIS IP address should be consistent with the IP address of
the LIS.
3) If the communication is not set correctly, the analyzer can not communicate properly.
34 Service Manual
Data Transmission
4) Receiving response timed out. The analyzer turns on the ACK response mode and
communicates with the LIS terminal. The analyzer can not receive the response signal
from the LIS terminal.
5) Receiving response error. The analyzer turns on the ACK response mode,
communicates with the LIS terminal, the response data received by the analyzer does
not conform to the protocol and does not contain MSA | AA |.
6) Sending data timed out. The analyzer communicates normally with the LIS terminal,
sending data will be timed out when the network suddenly broken during the data
transmission.
5.2.3.Network Firewall
Open the network connection license of LIS and data management software, and that of the
analyzer’s port to check for the firewall.
Service Manual 35
Fluidic System
6. Fluidic System
6.1. Measurement Flow

The fluidic system of the analyzer can be divided into two measurement channels:
 WBC&HGB channel
 RBC&PLT channel
The system flowchart of the whole blood mode is shown below:
Venous
blood/Capillary
blood sample
9uL
WBC bath Diluent 1850uL
Aspirate 35uL of
Dilution ratio sample
1:251
LH lyse Diluent
WBC bath RBC bath
310uL 2200uL
WBC sample
RBC sample dilution
dilution ratio
ratio 1:18645.7
1:286
WBC bath RBC bath
WBC/HGB count RBC/PLT count
Figure 7-1 Fluidic system flowchart (Normal mode of whole blood)
36 Service Manual
Fluidic System
The system flowchart of the predilute mode is shown below:
Capillary blood sample 20μL
Diluent 1000μL
Sample 1020μL
dilution ratio 1:51
Outside the machine
Inside the machine

Aspirate 303uL
of sample
WBC bath Diluent 2100uL
Aspirate 30uL of
Dilution ratio sample
1:488.6
LH lyse Diluent
WBC bath RBC bath
310uL 220uL
WBC sample RBC sample

dilution ratio ration ratio
1:541.3 1:42347.4
WBC bath RBC bath
WBC/HGB count RBC/PLT count
Figure 7-2 Fluidic system flowchart (Normal mode of predilute)
Service Manual 37
Fluidic System
6.1.1.WBC&HGB Channel
 WBC counting and Classification detection
1) Reagents:
LH lyse: used for lysing red blood cells and platelets, and specific processing different
types of white blood cells
Diluent: background solution and cleaning
2) Measurement principle: electrical impedance method
3) Measurement parameters: WBC、LYM#、LYM%、MID#、MID%、GRAN#、GRAN%
4) Graphics: WBC histogram
5) Dilution ratio: 1:128
6) Counting duration: 10.0s
7) Counting pressure: -30kpa
8) Counting volume: The measurement volume is controlled by controlling the vacuum

and counting duration. Keep a stable vacuum to ensure a stable flow out of the aperture.
The measurement volume can be calculated by controlling the counting duration
9) Function description: In the WBC bath, 9ul blood sample was mixed with 1850ul
diluent. After the sample was aspirated twice, 0.310ml LH lyse was added. After a
certain period of reaction, the sample was inhaled into the bath through the aperture by
the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure pump. The cells are detected
by generating electrical signals during the passage of the aperture.
 HGB counting
1) Reagents:
LH lyse: used for lysing red blood cells and combining hemoglobin
Diluent: used for diluting and cleaning
2) Measurement principle: colorimetric method
3) Measurement parameters: HGB
4) Dilution ratio: 1:286
5) Function description: The measurement principle of HGB channel is the colorimetric

method, which obtains HGB concentration by comparing the transmitted light intensity
between background and blood.
38 Service Manual
Fluidic System
6.1.2.RBC/PLT Channel
1) Reagents:
Diluent: used for diluting, cleaning, providing conductive environment and equal volume
processing of cells
2) Measurement principle: impedance method
3) Measurement parameters: RBC, PLT
4) Graphics: RBC histogram and PLT histogram
5) Dilution ratio: 1:18645.7
6) Counting duration:10s
7) Counting pressure: -30kPa
8) Measurement volume: The measurement volume is controlled by controlling the

vacuum and counting duration. Keep a stable vacuum to ensure a stable flow out of the
aperture. The measurement volume can be calculated by controlling the counting
duration
9) Function description: Aspirate 35μL of sample (dilution ratio 1:251) with the sample
probe from the WBC bath. Move the probe to the RBC bath and mix this sample with
2.2mL of diluent to prepare a sample with dilution ratio of 1:18645.7. After mixing,
aspirate the sample with negative pressure in the vacuum chamber through the
aperture into the secondary bath. The cells will be measured while passing through the
aperture.
 Dilution ratio refers to the dilution ratio in the whole blood mode.
6.2. Sample Volume

Table 7-1 Sample volume
Whole
Capillary
Item blood Prediluted mode
blood mode
mode
Dilution outside the analyzer: 20μL of blood

Normal 9μL 9μL
sample; 1000μL of diluents, 303μL aspirated
L-WBC/PLT 9μL 9μL
Service Manual 39
Fluidic System
6.3. Introduction to Fluidic Parts

A brief introduction to the fluidic parts and their respective functions is provided in this
section. The symbols mentioned below refer to the symbols in the fluidics diagram.
6.3.1.LVMK Fluidic Valve

 Symbol
2-way valve
3-way valve
40 Service Manual
Fluidic System
 Appearance
2-way valve
3-way valve
 Function
2-way valve: to build up or cut off a passage. When power off, the passage from the inlet of
the valve to outlet is cut off; when power on, the passage is built up.
3-way valve: to switch among passages. When power off, the public end and the NO
(normally open) end are connected; when power on, the public end and the NC (normally
close) end are connected.
 The operating voltage of LVMK fluidic valves is 12V, and maximal bearable pressure is
300kPa. The internal movement of the valves is driven by electromagnet and the
restoration is driven by the spring, so it is recommended not put the valves power-on for
too long.
Service Manual 41
Fluidic System
6.3.2.Syringe Linkage
 Symbol
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
(50uL)
SR
 Appearance
 Function
Composed of a large volume syringe and a small volume syringe, the syringe linkage is
driven by a motor and a linkage. The parameter and the function of the syringe linkage are
shown in the table below:
Table 7-4 Parameter and function list of the syringe linkage
Name Specification Function
Small
Used for quantitative aspiration, distribution and secondary
volume Full scale 50ul
aspiration of blood samples
syringe
Middle
Full scale
volume Used for quantitative aspiration, distribution of LH lyse
1.13ml
syringe
Large Full scale Used for quantitative addition of diluent to WBC and RBC
42 Service Manual
Fluidic System
Name Specification Function
volume 8.05ml bath, the supply of the wash set and the cleaning of the inner
syringe and outer walls and the counting bath
6.3.3.Negative Pressure Pump Syringe

 Symbol
 Appearance (45mL)
 Function
Responsible for the emptying of sample probe wash set, WBC bath and RBC bath, and the
establishment of negative pressure during measurement.
Service Manual 43
Fluidic System
6.3.4.Sample Probe
 Symbol
 Appearance
Open-vial sample probe
 Function
Used for providing a rigid cavity with resistance to blood sample corrosion, which can collect
and dispense the blood as well as aspirate and dispense probe cleanser.
 The sample probe is flat-tipped with a side opening to ensure normal aspiration in case
that the tip touches the bottom of the sample tube.
44 Service Manual
Fluidic System
6.3.5.Sample Probe Wash Set

 Symbol
 Appearance
 Function
Provide a cavity for cleaning open-vial probe or piercing probe by liquid flow and collecting
waste fluids on the interior or exterior.
6.3.6.Baths
 WBC bath
Used for providing a place for WBC sample reactions and supplying well reacted WBC
samples, and for WBC/HGB measurement.
 RBC bath
Composed of primary bath, secondary bath and aperture. Used for providing a place for
RBC sample reactions and for RBC/PLT measurement.
 WBC isolation chamber
Provide a gas chamber to block interference signals from outside.
 RBC isolation chamber
Provide a gas chamber to block interference signals from outside.
Service Manual 45
Fluidic System
6.4. Detailed Introduction of Fluidic Structure

Please refer to Appendix A for the fluidic structure diagram
6.4.1.Sampling and dispensing channel

The structure of sampling and dispensing channel is shown below:
RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T17
T11
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
T25-C15-T24
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34
T37
T36
T35
Isolation Isolation
SR room 1 room 2
(45mL)
T52
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
Main function:
1) Aspirate and dispense samples
Aspirate 9μL of blood sample by conjunctive use of small volume syringe of the syringe
linkage (SR) and the sample probe (SPB), and dispense the blood sample.
2) Clean the interior and exterior of the sample probe
The interior is cleaned by the collaboration of the large volume syringe of the syringe
linkage (SR) and SV02 and SV03 valves. The exterior is cleaned by the diluent which is
forced by the large volume syringe through SV02, SV03 and SV04 into the sample
probe wash set, with waste fluid recovered by the sample probe wash set, SV11 and
negative pressure pump.
3) Aspirate and dispense probe cleanser
During the aspiration, SV02 and SV03 are energized. 2mL of probe cleanser will be
aspirated by the SR from the SPB and stored mainly in the cleanser tanks (T21 and
T222). During the dispensation, the SPB is transported by the sampling assembly to the
RBC bath and WBC bath, SV02 and SV03 are kept energized. A certain volume of
probe cleanser in the SPB will be dispensed by the SR to the reaction baths.
46 Service Manual
Fluidic System
6.4.2.WBC & HGB Channel

Part of the fluidic structure is shown as follows:
The blue lines are diluent flows; yellow lines are LH lyse flows; orange lines are sample
flows; purple lines are waste fluid flows. Similarly hereinafter.
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T9 T10
T17
T11 C4
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
SR room 1 room 2
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
Classification detection & WBC counting

1) The diluent as the background solution enters the WBC bath through the 8.05mL large
volume syringe SV02, SV03, SV04, SV05;
2) The blood sample is dispensed by the sample probe to the WBC bath, the LH lyse is
added by a 1130 ul LH lyse syringe through SV01;
3) The 45ml syringe is sucked into the air by opening the SV07, and the gas is pushed into
the isolation chamber 1 through T51, SV10, T45, C22, T45, T38, and the sample liquid
in the WBC bath are mixed and reacted by the generated bubbles;
4) The sample is aspirated by the negative pressure in the negative pressure pump into
the secondary bath (orange lines in the illustration). The cells will be measured while
passing through the aperture. The sample volume is calculated from the count duration.
5) After the measurement, the RBC bath is drained by the negative pressure pump and
the SV10.The cleaning of the secondary bath is described in RBC section.
HGB counting
The measurement principle of HGB channel is the colorimetric method, which obtains HGB
concentration by comparing the transmitted light intensity between background and blood.
The transmitted light intensity of the pure diluent in the WBC bath is measured at the
beginning of the count. The transmitted light intensity of the diluent with blood is measured
after the LH lyse reaction is completed (before preparation of the WBC sample counting).
The HGB value can be calculated by comparing the above two values.
Service Manual 47
Fluidic System
6.4.3.RBC/PLT Channel
Part of the fluidic structure is shown as follows:
RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11
SV06
2
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T15
SPB
RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
T37 2
T35
1
Isolation
SR room 2 SV08
1
T39 T40-C20-T41
T48
SV09 T49
1
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
1) The diluent is added by the SR along the blue line (T7, SV02, T14, SV03, T16, SV04,
T17, SV05, T22, C14 and T2) to the RBC bath.
2) The sample probe distributes the diluted blood sample to the RBC bath, The 45ml
syringe is sucked into the air by opening the SV07, and the gas is pushed into the
isolation chamber 2 through T49, SV08, T41, C20, T40, T39, and the sample liquid in
the RBC bath are mixed and reacted by the generated bubbles;
3) The sample is aspirated by the negative pressure in the vacuum chamber into the
secondary bath (orange lines in the illustration). The cells will be measured while
4) The sample is aspirated by the negative pressure in the negative pressure pump into
the secondary bath (orange lines in the illustration). The cells will be measured while
5) After the measurement, the RBC bath is drained by the negative pressure pump and
the SV08.The cleaning of the secondary bath is that the negative pressure pump
syringe draws the diluent from SV06, T27, T28, T34, T29, T30, into the back pool, then
enters the negative pressure pump through T42, T43, SV09, T50, and is discharged by
the negative pressure pump.
6.4.4.Precautions for Assembly and Service

Precautions for installation of sampling assembly
No. Precautions
Strap the tube above the sample probe at the positioning hole to prevent the tube
1
connector from being stressed by the vertical motion of the sample probe.
2 Move the sampling assembly horizontally and vertically to ensure that the sample
48 Service Manual
Fluidic System
No. Precautions
tube is unobstructed with no folding and interference with the preamplifier, fluidics
separator, right door, motor, valves and tube straps.
3 Ensure that the sample tube is not squeezed or deformed at the tube straps.
Ensure that there is no folding or interference when the sample probe wash set fluid
4
tube is moving horizontally or vertically in the sampling assembly.
Precautions for installation of reaction bath assembly
No. Precations
The waste tube for the reaction bath needs to be wrapped in the vertical direction to
1
a height above the liquid level with 3mL of liquid in the bath.
2 Install the aperture so that the surface with the tapered bore faces the primary bath.
Precautions for servicing the whole fluidics
No. Precautions
1 The tubes shall be unobstructed with no twisting, squeezing, creases and folds.
Never bend any of the tubes. Pay special attention to the Teflon tubes. If any Teflon
2
tube is folded, be sure to replace it with a new tube.
3 The bending diameter of all the tubes should be greater than 30mm.
When cutting the tubes, the cutting face shall be perpendicular to the axis of the
4
tube.
When connecting the transit tube with the Teflon tube, make sure the insertion depth
5 is 10-13mm. Keep no clearance between the two connected rigid tubes as far as
possible. Keep the end of the Teflon tubes smooth and unwrinkled.
6 Thick Teflon tubes connect with thick 50 tubes, the insertion depth is at least 10mm.
If not specifically stated, when connecting hoses, transit tubes with connectors, valve
7 ports or dosing tubes on the reaction bath, the end of the hose or transit tube shall be
fully inserted.
8 It is not necessary to over tighten the straps for fastening the tubes.
Strap all the tubes that need winding, ensuring that the tube is not deformed and
9
folded.
10 For T- transit tubes tubes, the side ports and the middle port shall be treated
differently. Please assemble them strictly in accordance with the requirements of the
Service Manual 49
Fluidic System
No. Precautions
fluidic diagram, can not be replaced.
There are strict tolerance requirements for lengths of the following tubes: T21 and
T20: ±3mm.
11 Tolerances for the other tubes: for length less than 50mm, the tolerance is ±1mm; for
length between 50-400mm, the tolerance is ±2mm; for length more than 400mm, the
tolerance is ±5mm.
When connecting or replacing tubes on the analyzer, never use any blades or other
12
sharp tools.
If not specifically stated, never scald any hose with hot water. TPU tube can be
13 scalded with hot water not higher than 80° before connection, without any fold
deformation. Proceed to the next process after the tube is cooled.
Before or after assembly or maintenance, keep all the hoses, connectors or fluidic
14 components intact and in good condition without any scratches, deformation or
distortion.
Thick 50 tubes cannot be used again after disconnected from valve ports or
15
connectors.
The valve ports shall be treated differently and assembled strictly in accordance with
the requirements of the fluidic diagram. Each port of the valve is marked on the valve
16
body. Three-way valve has three ports of 1, 2 and 3; two-way valve has two ports of
1 and 2.
6.5. Introduction to Sequences

Taking the Whole Blood Normal mode of instrument with throughput of 60 samples per hour
as an example:
50 Service Manual
Fluidic System
6.5.1.Measurement Sequence in Whole Blood Normal

Mode
The sequence is described as follows:
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
SR room 1 room 2 SV08
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
In the linkage syringe (SR), 50uL small volume syringe aspirates 9ul blood
1 0-1.3s
and the large volume syringe aspirates 900ul diluent.
2 1.0s Test the HGB blank voltage.
The negative pressure pump syringe is used to pump the waste liquid
3 1.4-4.1s generated by the sample probe wash set (SV11 is energized), and the
waste liquid is ensured throughout the process.
The linkage syringe (SR) quickly pushes the 1300uL diluent to clean the
4 1.5-3.7s
sample probe (SV02, SV04 are energized).
5 1.6-4.1s Sample probe rises up.
6 1.4-2.1s Open the beep of the end of the aspirating.
Service Manual 51
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe wash T29 T32
C18 Isolation
set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
1 3.8-5.1s The linkage syringe (SR) aspirates 650 ul diluent.
2 4.15-4.8s Sample probe rotates to WBC chamber position.
The negative pressure pump syringe aspirates waste liquid (SV10 is

3 4.15-5.25s
energized) and drains the WBC bath.
4 5.25-6.9s Drain the negative pressure pump (SV12 is energized).
5 4.8-6.1s Sample probe goes down into WBC chamber.
The linkage syringe (SR) injects 1850 ul background solution into the
6 5.3-6.1s
WBC bath
52 Service Manual
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
In the linkage syringe (SR), 8050ul large volume and 50uL small volume
1 6.2s-6.7s syringe push 400uL blood through the inner wall of the sample probe
(SV02, SV03 are energized).
2 6.9-7.9s The negative pressure pump syringe draws outside air.
The negative pressure pump syringe injects air into the isolation chamber
3 7.35-8.5s 1 through the SV010, and generates bubbles to mix the sample liquid in
the WBC bath.
The linkage syringe (SR) draws 3500 ul diluent, and the 50 uL small
4 8.1-9.8s volume syringe aspirates the 5 uL diluented sample from the WBC bath
through the sample probe.
5 8.8-9.8s Drain RBC bath (SV08 is engernized).
50uL small volume syringe aspirates 30uL diluented sample form the
6 9.9-12.6s WBC bath through a sample probe, and 8.05mL large volume syringe
aspirates 3000uL diluent.
Service Manual 53
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
The sample probe rises to the sample probe wash set position, and the
1 12.5-16s outer wall of the probe is cleaned by the sample probe wash set, and the
negative pressure pump syringe opens the SV11 to aspirate waste liquid.
2 16.1-17.1s Drain the negative pressure pump syringe (SV12 is energized).
3 15.2-16.1s 8.05ML syringe of the linkage syringe (SR) aspirates 1200 ul diluent.
4 16.2-16.9s 1130 ul syringe addes 310uL LH lyse to WBC bath.
5 16.1-17.8s Sample probe rotates to RBC chamber position.
The negative pressure pump syringe injects air into the isolation
7 17.7-19.4s chamber 1 through the SV010, and generates bubbles to mix the sample
liquid and lyse in the WBC bath.
8 19.4-19.9s Drain the negative pressure pump syringe.
54 Service Manual
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe wash T29 T32
C18 Isolation
set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
1 17.8-20.0s 8.05mL syringe aspirates 2120uL diluent.
2 18.0-19.5s Sample probe rotates to RBC chamber position.
3 20.3-21.5s 8.05mL syringe injects 2200uL diluent to WBC bath.
In the SR linkage syringe, 8050ul large volume and 50uL small volume
4 21.8-22.8s syringe push 400uL blood through the inner wall of the sample probe
(SV02, SV03 are energized).
5 20-20.4s The negative pressure pump syringe draws outside air.
Injects air into the isolation chamber 2 through the SV08, and
6 22.9-24.3s
generates bubbles to mix the sample liquid in the RBC bath.
The sample probe rises to the sample probe wash set position, and
the outer wall of the probe is cleaned by the sample probe wash set,
8 24.4-27.7s
and the negative pressure pump syringe opens the SV11 to aspirate
waste liquid.
Service Manual 55
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
1 24.2s Test the HGB.
2 25.0s Turn on the constant current source.
A negative pressure is established in the negative pressure pump

5 30.9-31.9s
syringe
6 32.9-42.9s WBC detection, WBC counting, RBC counting, PLT counting.
7 43.1-46s Cleaning of secondary bath (SV06 is energized).
8 42.9-43.9s WBC zap
9 44.9-45.9s RBC zap
10 46-46.7s Negative pressure pump syringe drain 10950ul
56 Service Manual
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe wash T29 T32
C18 Isolation
set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
The negative pressure pump syringe is pumped to the secondary bath

2 47.3-47.9s (SV09 is energized), and the zapped sample residue is backflushed
into the front pool.
3 48.3-49.2s Drain WBC bath.
5 49.0s Turn off the constant current source.
6 49.3-49.9s Drain RBC bath.
9 51.7-52.7s 8.05mL syringe injects 2600uL diluent to RBC bath.
Service Manual 57
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
1 51.9-53.6s Drain WBC bath.
3 53.7-54.7s Drain RBC bath.
6 55.7-56.9s 8.05mL syringe injects 3000uL diluent to RBC bath.
Dry the outer wall of the sample probe through a negative pressure
7 56.7-57.9s
pump syringe.
58 Service Manual
Fluidic System
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe T29 T32
C18 Isolation
wash set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
No. Time Function
1 57.8-58.9s Sample probe rotates to horizontal sample position..
2 58.0-59.6s Drain the negative pressure syringe.
3 59-59.9s Sample probe rotates to the sample position.
2uL isolation air column into sample probe is created by the 50uL
4 59.15-59.95s
small volume syringe
6.5.2.Measurement sequence in Predilute Normal mode

Measurement sequence in Predilute Normal mode is basically the same with the sequence in
Whole Blood Normal mode, except for the sample volume. Because the blood sample has
been prediluted outside the analyzer, 303μL of blood is aspirated in the Predilute mode.
6.5.3.Measurement sequence in L-WBC/PLT mode

Compared with the sequence in Normal mode, the WBC/PLT test time of the measurement
sequence in Normal mode becomes longer. The main differences are as follows:
1. Sample mode. The Normal mode supports Whole Blood, Capillary WB and Predilute
blood mode, and the L-WBC/PLTmode only supports Whole Blood and Capillary WB mode.
2. WBC/PLT test time. The WBC/PLT test time in L-WBC/PLT is much longer than Normal
mode.
Service Manual 59
Fluidic System
6.5.4.Introduction to the Maintenance Sequences

Probe cleanser maintenance (shutdown sequence)
The locations soaked by the probe cleanser are shown below. The orange lines are the
locations soaked by the probe cleanser, and the blue lines are the locations passed by the
probe cleanser.
RT1
J1-C1-T2-C2-J2 J3-C3-T3
J4-C5-T6-C6-J5 RT2
C19 C7 C8 C9
C10
T8 T9 T10
T26
T17
1 T11 C4
SV06
2
Lyse
C11
T14
SV05 2
SV03
container
1 3
Diluent
3 1 3 1 2 3 1
T22-C14-T23
2 2 1 3 2
SV02 SV04
T19-C12-T18
SV01
T25-C15-T24
T28-C16-T27
T16
T7 T20-C13-T21
T1
T15
SPB
WBC RBC
Sample
probe wash T29 T32
C18 Isolation
set T31
(8050uL)
(1130uL)
room 3
(50uL)
T30 T33
C17
T34 T47
SV07
T37 2
T36
T35
1
Isolation Isolation
1 2
T39 T40-C20-T41
Shield T38
cover T48
SV09 T49
1 2
(45mL)
T42-C21-T43
T50
SV10
1 2
T44-C22-T45 T51
T52
SV11
1 2
T46 SY
C25 C24 2 1
C26 C23
T55 T54 T53
SV12
C27 C28
C29
T56
Waste
container
An enhanced probe cleanser maintenance sequence will be called every 50 times of sample
measurement (defaulted as 50, 20-200 can be set). The main difference between the
enhanced and the regular probe cleanser maintenance sequence is the soaking time. The
soaking time of enhanced maintenance is 5 minutes longer than regular maintenance.
In the Maintenance screen, the probe cleanser maintenance is defaulted as enhanced

probe cleanser maintenance.
Startup
The fluidic actions on startup are shown in the following table:
No. Startup fluidic action Description
Initialization of fluidic Initialization of valves, pumps, sampling assembly and

1
components syringe assembly.
2 Reagent self-test Checking if LH lyse and diluent is expired.
Including maintenance of all the tubes and fluidic

3 Startup maintenance
components on the analyzer.
4 Background measurement Normal measurement mode.
Standby
The instrument will enter standby status after idling for 10 to 30 minutes (defaulted as 15
minutes). After entering standby status, operations without fluidic actions can be performed
from the screen.
60 Service Manual
Fluidic System
When exiting standby, depending on the standby time, the instrument performs a different
exiting standby action, as shown in the following table.
Exit Call
No. Description
standby condition
Exit
Standby time Clean the interior and exterior of the sample probe and
1 standby
≤ 30 minutes rebuild the isolation bubble without consumption of lyse.
status 1
Exit 30 minutes < Clean the interior and exterior of the sample probe, the
2 standby Standby time WBC bath, the RBC bath, and rebuild the isolation
status 2 ≤ 3 hours bubble with consumption of lyse.
The same as fluidic maintenance on startup, including

Exit Standby
maintenance of all the tubes and fluidic components on
3 standby time > 3
the analyzer; discarding 2.7ml of LH reagent to eliminate
status 3 hours
the effects of crystal and bubbles at the inlet.
Service Manual 61
Hardware System
7. Hardware System
7.1. Overview
The hardware system consists of main control board and indicator board, but also
connecting wires between different boards and components.
7.1.1.Hardware Resources
1. 10.4 inch color display \ LVDS interface \ resolution 800 × 600 \
appearance 236mm × 177mm
Display
2. Resistive touch screen
1. TCP/IP network port
Interface 2. 4 USB ports
3. Serial communication interface
1. Capable of driving four-way two-phase stepper motor
Motor driver 2. 8W1-2 phase
3. Peak output current can reach 2.5A
1. Can read the photoelectric sensor signal correctly
2. Can achieve card recognition

Input and output
sensor
3. Reserved positive and negative pressure acquisition interface
4. Reserved barcode scanning function interface
1. Can read the converted optical WBC signal accurately

Signal processing
2. Can read the RBC/PLT signal accurately
design
3. Can read the HGB signal accurately
62 Service Manual
Hardware System
7.1.2.System Troubleshooting
Common hardware system failures can be divided into board failures, wire failures and
component failures. Generally, the troubleshooting procedures of these failures can be
found in the board troubleshooting section below. However, when the system power supply
cannot be guaranteed (such as failure to power up or immediate system self-protection after
power-up), it will be necessary to start troubleshooting from the system level. The figure
below shows the flowchart for power anomaly check.
Power supply abnormal
Is the AC power N Reconnect the

connection reliable? power plug
Reconnect
N
Is the filter connection reliable? the filter
plug
Is the fuse in the power supply N Replace

assembly working properly? the fuse
Replace the AC
Is the output pin
N power cable. If the
voltage normal after
voltage remains
the filter switch is
abnormal, replace
closed?
the filter
Y Replace the power

supply assembly
Figure 8-1 Power anomaly troubleshooting flowchart
Service Manual 63
Hardware System
7.2. Main Control Board Module

7.2.1.Main Input Signal
1) USB2.0, network port 100M (IEEE 802.3);
2) Feedback signal of the motor motion state (photoelectric sensor signal);
3) SD card signal input (SD card 2.0);
4) Communicate with PC serial port (serial port);
5) Resistive touch screen signal input (analog signal).
6) White blood cell signal WBC (analog signal);
7) Platelet signal PLT (analog signal);
8) Hemoglobin signal HGB (analog signal);
9) Signal board data input (TTL signal);
10) Barcode scanning signal input (reserved);
11) Pressure sensor signal (reserved)
7.2.2.Main Output Signal

1) Display data output (LVDS signal);
2) Barcode scanning signal input (reserved);
3) Printer data signal (serial signal);
4) Network port 100M (IEEE 802.3);
5) Communicate with PC serial port (serial port).
6) Motor motion control interface;
7) Solenoid valve control interface;
8) The indicator controls the output signal.
64 Service Manual
Hardware System
7.2.3.Function and Performance Realization
15-way solenoid valve

or without detection
4-way stepper motor
2-way reagent with

1-way air pressure
1-way waste signal
1-way liquid pump

position sensor
(reserved)
7-way motor
(reserved)
1 fan
Barcode scanning
Resistive touch screen

WBC channel
LCD screen
RBC/PLT channel
SD card
Indicator board Main control board（AM335X+FPGA） HGB test

Aspirate bracket driver board（MCU）
RS232 DB9 Printer
Network port
USB2.0
RF card
Open-vial aspirate key
DC5V(digital)
DC12V(power)
DC24V(power)
DC110V(Zap)
DC±12V(simulation)
Switching
Power filter
Grid AC220V power supply
+ switch
module
Figure 8-2 Main control board function module
7.2.4.Module Circuit Introduction

Screen display function and touch operation design
Figure 8-3 Display function module
As shown in the figure above, chip THC63LVDM83D is used to convert the RGB signals
output from the CPU to the LVDS signal of the screen. The touch screen outputs analog
signals in the X and Y directions, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal sent to
the core board by the touch screen control chip TSC2007.. The touch position is determined
by the algorithm processing results, thereby realizing the touch function.
Service Manual 65
Hardware System
Network port communication design
Figure 8-4 Network port function module
Use AR8035 to convert the RGMII signal to an MDI signal with a transmission data of 100M.
CPU and FPGA communication design
Figure 8-5 Interface function module
As shown in the figure above, the signal board FPGA will upload the signal data to the CPU
and the CPU processes the signal data. The communication between them is GPMC.
CPU and serial ports communication design
Printer
Debug serial port
Figure 8-6 AM3358 serial port function module
As shown in the figure above, the main control core A3358 communicates with the STM32
control chip and printer through the serial port.
66 Service Manual
Hardware System
STM32 and serial communication design
Barcode scanning
Debug serial port
Figure 8-7 STM32 serial port function module
As shown in the figure above, the STM32 control chip performs barcode scanning through
the serial port.
Stepper motor drive design
Figure 8-8 Stepper motor function module
Driving a stepper motor requires two circuits: 1. Driver chip; 2. Circuit that receives the
optocoupler control signal;
The driver chip converts the control signal to the rotation direction and the number of
microsteps of the motor. STM32F103 outputs two signals: rotation direction: MOTO_CW;
stepping pulse: MOTO_CLK. The driving voltage of the stepper motor is 24V; the current is
determined by VREF terminal voltage which sets the driver chip.
Current setting formula:
Pump/valve driving
Figure 8-9 Pump, valve function module
STM32F103 outputs high and low electrical level to control the CMOS tube (NDS351 and
NDT451)circuit switch to drive the pump and valve, each pump and valve corresponds to a
CMOS tube circuit.
Service Manual 67
Hardware System
Groove sensor driving
Figure 8-10 Groove sensor function module
The working principle of the groove sensor is to sense the stepping position of the motor
through the groove gap of the code disc, and output high electrical level when the groove
sensor is blocked, then pass the signal to STM32 through the logic circuit.
WBC acquisition function module

AD7091R
AD8671 10X AD8642 25X Analog to
WBC FPGA CPU
magnification magnification digital
conversion
Figure 8-11 WBC acquisition function module
WBC is the pulse signal, the cycle T=16us, the amplitude V=1mV. After 250-500 times
amplification, the amplitude is about 0.9V. The AD7091R converts these analog signals into
digital signals for FPGA acquisition and uploading them to the CPU.
RBC/PLT acquisition function module

AD7091R
AD8671 10X AD8642 25X Analog to
RBC FPGA CPU
magnification magnification digital
conversion
AD7091R
PLT Signal
AD8642 4X Analog to
magnification digital
conversion
Figure 8-12 RBC/PLT acquisition function module
RBC is the pulse signal, the cycle T=16us, the amplitude V=1mV. After 250-500 times
amplification, the amplitude is about 0.9V. The AD7091R converts these analog signals into
digital signals for FPGA acquisition and uploading them to the CPU. After the RBC signal
amplified by 250-500 times is amplified by 4 times, the PLT signal is obtained. The PLT is
also a pulse signal, the cycle T=16us, and the amplitude is about 3.6V. It is then converted
by AD7091R to digital signal for FPGA acquisition and uploading to the CPU.
68 Service Manual
Hardware System
HGB acquisition function module

AD7265B
AD8672 AD8642
Analog to
HGB 1000X about 1-2X FPGA CPU
digital
magnification magnification
conversion
Figure 8-13 HGB acquisition function module
HGB signal is a DC signal. The input amplitude is about 1.5mV, which changes to about
1.5V after amplified by 1000 times. AD7265 then convert this signal into a digital signal for
FPGA acquisition and uploading to the CPU.
7.2.5.Troubleshooting
Printer J15 J24 1-way air pressure (reserved)
USB2.0 J10 and J11 J24 1-way liquid pump (reserved)
Barcode scanning J32 J24 1 fan
Inverter J7 J24 15-way solenoid valve
Resistive touch screen J8 J31 1-way waste signal
LCD screen J9 2-way reagent with or without

Main control board（AM335X+FPGA+STM32F103） J24
detection
SD card J12
J24和J31 7-way motor position sensor
Indicator board J30

J20、J21、J22、J23 4-way stepper motor
Network port J6
J26 WBC channel
RF card J18
J27 RBC/PLT channel
Open-vial aspirate key J16

J29 HGB test
The table below lists common symptoms and relative corrections for the main control board
only from the hardware side, not including symptoms caused by software. However, many
problems will need to be tested by software.
Before troubleshooting problems related to the main control board, perform the following
checks:
1. Whether there is any loose connecting wire or unreliable connection on the main control
board;
2. Whether the bit numbers on the wires are matching the bit numbers on the main control
board sockets; whether there is any broken or damaged wire;
3. Whether the input power of board socket J1, J4 and J28 are working properly.
4. Whether the reference voltage on the board is normal;
5. Whether each work power indicator is working properly.
After the wire connections, input power and indicators are verified to be normal,
troubleshoot the problem in accordance with the following table.
Service Manual 69
Hardware System
Symptom Solution
1. Check if the power supply is working properly. If so,

proceed to the next step.
2. Check if the voltage of 5V and 3.3V (marked on the

board) on the voltage test point of the main control board is
normal, if not check the board for a short circuit.
3. Check if the backlight lights up, if not, whether the high

pressure bars are damaged.
1. Cannot startup
4. Check if the connection between the main control board
and the backlight interface and LCD screen is reliable. If the
fault disappears after re-plugging and re-attaching the
power source, then the line connection is not reliable.
Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
6. Replace the LCD screen, if the fault disappears, it is the

LCD screen component failure.
1. Check if the SD card is securely plugged in.

2. Can not load kernel at 2. Check if there is incomplete weld between the main
startup control board and the core board connector, or the chip pin
falls off with the pad.
1. Check whether the backlight power supply is normal,

8-inch screen 5V power supply, 10.4- inch screen 12V
power supply;
3. Display black screen 2. Check if the cable is loose or broken. If yes, re-plug or
replace the cable;
3. If the above faults are eliminated, gradually check and

replace the main board, Inverter board, and display screen.
1. Check if the cable is loose or broken. If yes, please

4. Touch screen cannot be re-plug or replace the cable;
used 2. If it still does not work, gradually check and replace the
main board, touch screen.
1. Check if the cable is loose or broken. If yes, please

re-plug or replace the cable;
5. Indicator does not shine
2. If it still does not work, gradually check and replace the
main board and indicator board.
6. Can not read the barcode 1. Check whether the barcode type is supported by the
70 Service Manual
Hardware System
Symptom Solution
information barcode scanner.
2. Check the scanner cable for poor contact or breakage.
3. Replace the scanner parts if the above faults have been

excluded.
1. Check the printer cable for poor contact or breakage.

7. Can not print test results 2. Replace the printer parts if the above faults have been
excluded.
Turn off the power and measure the voltage between the
two ends of the battery clip with a multimeter with with the
8. Clock reset at every
battery in place. If the measured value is less than 2.8V,
startup
then the problem is caused by a low battery, replace the
battery.
1. Check if the connecting wire of the aspirate key is loose

or broken. If so, reconnect or replace the wire.
9. No response when
pressing the aspirate key 2. If step 1 does not solve the problem, remove the aspirate
key switch plate to check if there is fluid inside. If so, clean
the fluid and reinstall the switch plate.
10. No WBC measurement Check if the optical signal line (J26) connection is reliable. If
value so, replace the main control board if there is still no value.
11 No RBC measurement Check if the RBC signal line (J27) connection is reliable. If
12 No HGB measurement Check if the HGB signal line (J29) connection is reliable. If
13. The motor does not work, 1. Check if the board power supply (24V, 5V, 3.3V, marked
the motor works, but motor on the board) is working properly;
failure or photocoupler failure 2. Check if the connection between the motor of the
is reported corresponding channel and the photocoupler is reliable, if
the connectors on both ends are connected properly, if the
marks on the photocoupler and motor connecting wires
match their respective locations, and if there is any broken
or damaged wire;
3. After verifying 1 and 2, try to correct the problem by
performing maintenance operations from the software
debugging screen to do single control on the corresponding
Service Manual 71
Hardware System
Symptom Solution
failure;
4. Check if the photocoupler surface of the corresponding
channel is contaminated by dust or fluids. If so, clean and
reinstall the photocoupler. If the problem is not solved,
replace this photocoupler;
5. If the problem still exists after replacing the photocoupler,
replace the main control board;
6. If the problem persists, replace the corresponding
channel motor;
7. If the problem persists, then the problem may be caused
by mechanical component failure (such as too much
friction), please troubleshoot this problem as a mechanical
problem.
14. Abnormal motor noise 1. Check if the corresponding channel motor connecting
wire is loose, broken or damaged. If so, reconnect or
replace the wire with the power off;
2. Check if any fastening screw of the mechanical
component is loose. If so, tighten this screw;
3. If both 1 and 2 can be excluded, the problem may be
caused by driver board failure. Replace the analog driver
board;
4. If the problem persists, it will be necessary to replace the
motor assembly.
15、The fluidic is not working 1. Perform maintenance operations from the software
properly debugging screen to check if the valve is opening and
closing correctly (a clap will be heard on normal open/close
of the valve). If so, then the problem is not in the valve drive,
check the fault from the fluidics.
2. If the valve is not opening and closing correctly, check if
there is any loose or broken wire or unreliable connection. If
so, reconnect or replace the connecting wire;
3. If the problem persists, use wires of other valves to
connect this valve, and check if the problem is in the valve
start circuit or in the valve itself from the Maintenance
screen (for example, if valve 2 is suspected, use wires of
valve 3 to connect valve 2; open and close valve from the
Maintenance screen; if the valve is opening and closing
correctly, then the analog driver board is damaged and
72 Service Manual
Hardware System
Symptom Solution
needs to be replaced; if the valve is not opening and closing

correctly, then the valve 2 is damaged and needs to be
replaced).
16. False alarm of level 1. Check if the connecting wire on the level sensor
status connector is loose, wet or broken. If so, disconnect and
reconnect the connector, or reconnect the connector after
cleaning the fluid, or replace the connecting wire. If not,
measure the voltage of DL and LH, the voltage should be
low (1.65-1.85V) if there is no liquid, should be high
(2.9-3.5V) with liquid.
2. Otherwise, replace the liquid level sensor assembly.
 Please wear antistatic gloves when repairing and removing boards.
 Please make sure power is off and the power cable is disconnected when mounting and
removing boards.
 Check whether the board screws are fully installed.
 Please make sure that the board and the surroundings have been cooled before the
disassembly operation.
Service Manual 73
Troubleshooting
8. Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
Trigger Related Potential
Error Related Troubleshooting
Mechanism Factors Failure
screen Procedure
1. Serial Damaged
communication Driver board communication
protocol error module
2. No header,
Driver board
jumbo frames, Replace the related
communication /
insufficient Damaged boards.
error Main control
frame length, communication
board
checksum error, module
unrecognizable
command
1. Check if the button
battery is installed on
the digital board.
Button battery /
2. If the battery is
After startup,
installed, replace the
the instrument
battery and reset
System clock time is not in the
/ date and time in the
error range of
Setup screen. Save
2000-1-1 ~
and exit and reset
2036-12-30 Main control
/ the analyzer
board
3. If the problem
persists, replace the
main contol board.
1. Make sure that
there is no error
Bubbles in
report on the reagent
tubes
setup screen.
2. Make sure there is
No reagent or
sufficient diluent in
abnormality Reagent
Diluent-related the container.
No diluent lead to Setup
tubes 3. Check if there is
insufficient screen
no dead bend or
reagent addition Leakge in tubes
leakge of the tubes
or valves
outside the
instrument.
4. Remove the cover
of the analyzer, and
74 Service Manual
Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
screen Procedure
check the diluent
pathway (container
cap assembly, valve,
syringe, tube
connectors, etc.)
Bubbles in 1. Make sure that
tubes there is no error
report on the reagent
setup screen.
sufficient lyse in the
container.
3. Check if there is
No reagent or
1. Lyse-related no dead bend or
abnormality Reagent
tubes Leaking or leakge of the tubes
No LH lyse lead to Setup
2. Anti-soluble folding of lyse inside the
insufficient screen
samples related tubes instrument.
reagent addition
and valves 4. Remove the cover
of the analyzer, and
check the diluent
pathway (container
cap assembly, valve,
electromagnetic
metering pump, tube
connectors, etc.)
BNC connector 1. Check if the
of the waste indicated information
sensor is not is as expected from
connected the sensor status
screen.
Sensor
Waste bucket Waste sensor Unable to 2. Check if the
Float status Status
full assembly change the connecting wire of
screen
status correctly the waste sensor is
due to foreign correct.
matter on the 3. Check if the float is
float able to change the
status correctly.
56V voltage is Voltage 1. Check if the
Voltage Board
not within [55, Signal board & Voltage & Current
abnormal damaged
65] V Current Status screen shows
Service Manual 75
Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
screen Procedure
12V voltage is Status the expected
Signal board / Board
not within [11, screen information.
driver board damaged
14] V 2. Check if the
-12V voltage is voltage at the test
Board
not within [-14, Signal board port of the signal
damaged
-11] V board or driver board
is as expected.
3. Check if the
connection between
the power plate and
24V voltage is
Board the signal board or
not within [20, Driver board
damaged driver board is
30] V
normal.
4. Replace the signal
board or driver
board.
There is foreign
matter in the
bath
WBC bath The bath is not
filled with
no foreign matter in
diluent while
the WBC bath.
measuring
2. Make sure the
HGB gain setup
Analyzer setup bath is filled with
incorrect Voltage
reagent properly.
HGB assembly &
HGB assembly 3. Verify the HGB
damaged Current
HGB blank HGB voltage is blank voltage from
Temperature Status
voltage not within [3.8, the Voltage &
sensor screen,
abnormal 4.8] V Current Status
damaged Gain
screen.
Temperature Setup
4. Verify the HGB
switch screen
gain settings from
damaged
the Gain Setup
Assembly
screen.
related Loose wire
5. Check the HGB
connections
assembly.
Temperature
sensor Loose wire
connection
Optical system Severely
76 Service Manual
Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
screen Procedure
blocked
Loose
Hydraulic
connection or
sensor and
sensor
connection
damaged
Related Dirt blockage or

solenoids failure
Related tubes Leakage

Damaged
Driver board
board
Damaged
Photocoupler photocoupler or
dirty surface 1. Enter the system
/ Damaged self-test interface to
Syringe motor
motor confirm the problem.
System
Syringe Related 2. Refer to the error
Loose wire Self-test
assembly error connections code to check the
screen
Motion limited wire, photocoupler,
due to motor, and motion
Drive
mechanical interference.
mechanism
interference or
other causes
Vertical 1. Enter the system
/
photocoupler self-test interface to
Aspiration Lifting motor / confirm the problem.
System
module lifting Mechanical Motion 2. Refer to the error
/ Self-test
mechanism stop interference code to check the
screen
error wire, photocoupler,
Related
Loose wire motor, and motion
connections
interference.
Horizontal 1. Enter the system
Aspiration
position / self-test interface to
module
optocoupler System confirm the problem.
horizontal
/ Horizontal Self-test 2. Refer to the error
movement /
position motor screen code to check the
mechanism
Mechanical Motion wire, photocoupler,
error
stop interference motor, and motion
Service Manual 77
Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
screen Procedure
Related interference.
Loose wire
connections
Reagent 1. Verify the reagent
Reagent contaminated quality.
or expired 2. If the background
PLT is too high, verify
Abnormal the impedance
shtudown channel shield
(please refer to the
treatment of
impedance channel
Background signal interference
Background
unqualified at / alarm).
abnormal
startup 3. Verify the
Analyzer tubes
cleanness of the
Bad
reaction bath and
maintenance
correct the
practice
maintenance
practice.
4. Verify there is no
leakage in tube
connections and
valves.
1. Verify the tubes of
the secondary bath
Aperture are normal.
blockage or 2. Unclog aperture in
Aperture
bad connection Service -
voltage is too WBC bath
WBC clogging between / Maintenance -
high or changes assembly
primary bath Maintenance
dramatically
and secondary interface.
bath 3. If the problem is
not resolved, perform
the overall soaking.
Aperture 1. Verify the tubes of
blockage or the secondary bath
Aperture
bad connection are normal.
voltage is too RBC bath
RBC clogging between / 2. Unclog aperture in
high or changes assembly
primary bath Service -
dramatically
and secondary Maintenance -
bath Maintenance
78 Service Manual
Troubleshooting
Repair Guide
screen Procedure
interface.
3. If the problem is
not resolved, perform
the overall soaking.
Service Manual 79
Mechanical System
9. Mechanical System
9.1. Overview
This section lists the locations of major analyzer components for the service personnel to
remove and replace the components.
9.1.1.Front View
Figure 9-1 Front view of the analyzer (Left is KT-60; right is KT-40)
Figure 9-2 Front view of the analyzer (Left is KT-62; right is KT-42)
1. Touch screen 2. Sample probe 3. Aspirate key
80 Service Manual
Mechanical System
Figure 9-3 Front view of the main unit (cover open)(left is KT-60/KT-40,right is KT-62/KT-42)
1. Sampling assembly 2. Fluidic valve 3. Syringe
9.1.2.Back View
Figure 9-4 Back view of the analyzer
1. Network port 2. USB port 3. Power input socket

4. Waste sensor socket 5. Diluent inlet 6. Waste outlet
Service Manual 81
Mechanical System
9.1.3.Left View
Figure 9-5 Left view of the analyzer(removing the left side door and sheet metal)
1. Control board 2. Reagent bottle
9.1.4.Right View
Figure 9-6 Left view of the main unit (removing the right side sheet metal)
1. Liquid valve 2. Pump 3. Isolation room

4. Liquid valve 5. Sampling assembly 6. Measurement component
82 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.2. Components
9.2.1.Introduction
This section provides exploded view and parts list of the analyzer for the service personnel
to understand the relationship between the components when removing and replacing the
components.
9.2.2.Overall Unit
Exploded view（KT-60/62）
Parts list (without mounting screw)
No. Material description Remarks
1 Aspirate pump assembly /
2 Rear plate assembly /
Main unit top plate

3 /
assembly
4 Fluidic plate assembly /
5 Power assembly /
6 Circuit plate assembly /
Service Manual 83
Mechanical System
7 Maching fixing plate /
8 Main unit right panel /
9 Bottom shell assembly /
10 Front plate assembly /
Combination screw
11 /
M4X8
12 Shell assembly /
Main unit left panel

13 /
assembly
Solenoid valve bracket

14 /
assembly 3

15 /
assembly 4
16 Reagent bottle /
Exploded view（KT-40/42）
84 Service Manual
Mechanical System
Parts list (without mounting screw)
1 Aspirate pump assembly /
2 Combination screw M3×12 /
4 Rear plate assembly
Main unit top plate

5
assembly
6 Fluidic plate assembly
7 Power assembly /
8 Circuit plate assembly /
9 Main unit right panel /
10 Maching fixing plate /
11 Bottom shell assembly /
12 Front plate assembly /
13 Combination screw M4X8
14 Shell assembly
Main unit left panel

15 /
assembly

16 /
assembly 3

17 /
assembly 4
18 Reagent bottle /
Service Manual 85
Mechanical System
9.2.3.Front Panel Assembly

Exploded view
Parts list

1 Protective ring /
3 Front panel /
4 Tube straps /
5 Reagent with or without /

detection assembly
6 Microswitch /
7 Protective ring SB-22 /
8 Pan head screw M2×10 /
86 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.2.4.Fluidic Plate Assembly

Exploded view
Parts list

1 Negative pressure pump /
assembly
2 Isolator assembly /
3 Fluidic plate /
4 Tube straps /
5 Reagent with or without /

detection assembly
6 Solenoid valve bracket /
assembly-1
7 Solenoid valve bracket /
assembly-2
8 Shield cover of counting pool /
9 Isolator snap ring /
10 Protective ring /
Service Manual 87
Mechanical System

13 Sampling assembly /
9.2.5.Sampling assembly
Exploded view
Parts list

1 Cross head screw M3X8 /
2 Horizontal movement /
assembly
3 Vertical movement assembly /
88 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.2.6.Horizontal Movement Assembly

Exploded view
Parts list

1 Horizontal movement /
assembly
2 X-axis baseplate /
3 Sample probe driven pulley /

shaft
5 Sample probe pulley /
6 Synchronous belt /
7 Sample probe active pulley /
8 Motor /
9 E-ring /
11 Nut M4 /
12 Sensor /
Service Manual 89
Mechanical System
13 / /
14 Horizontal guide shaft /
15 X-axis bushing /
16 X-axis slider /
17 X-axis support /
18 Limit small bracket /
19 Horizontal light barrier /
20 X-axis bushing /
23 Slider plate /
9.2.7.Vertical Movement Assembly

Exploded view
90 Service Manual
Mechanical System
Parts list

1 Nut M4 /
2 E-ring /
3 Washer combination /
4 Sensor /
5 Synchronous belt /
6 Swimming clamp /
7 Vertical guide shaft /
8 Vertical pulley shaft /
10 Sampling-lifting block /
11 Y-axis bushing /
13 Motor /
14 Y-axis baseplate /
15 Lower support block /
16 Sample probe active pulley /
Service Manual 91
Mechanical System
9.2.8.Shield Cover of Counting Pool

Exploded view
Parts list

1 Snap ring of counting pool /
2 Insulated flat pad /
3 Isolator assembly /
4 Shield cover /
RBC counting pool assembly /

5
(with aperture)
WBC counting pool assembly /

6
(with aperture)
Shield cover assembly of /

7
counting pool
8 Isolator snap ring /
92 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.2.9.Rear Plate Assembly

Exploded view
Parts list
1 Aviation plug /
3 Main unit rear plate /
4 Threaded pipe assembly /
Service Manual 93
Mechanical System
9.2.10. Power assembly

Exploded view
Parts list
Combination screw
1 /
M3×6
Round head
2 combination screw /
M4
3 Shield cover of plug /
4 Support /
5 Filter /
6 Power /
7 Power plate /
94 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.2.11. Shell Assembly

Exploded view
KT-60
Parts list
1 Display assembly /
2 IC card module assembly /
3 Aspirate key spring /
4 Light board /
5 KT-60 10-inch screen shell /
6 Light guide ring /
7 Rotating shaft /
8 Swipe poncho /
9 Key /
10 Plate /
Service Manual 95
Mechanical System
KT-40
Parts list
1 Display assembly /
2 PCBA board /
3 Shield cover of adapter board /
4 Combination screw M3X6 /
5 Swipe poncho /
6 Plate /
7 Aspirate key spring /
8 Light guide ring /
9 Key /
10 Light board /
11 KT-40 8-inch screen shell /
12 Rotating shaft /
13 IC card module assembly /
96 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.3. Removal and Installation

9.3.1.Tools
The following tools may be needed during removal and replacement of components:
 Crosshead screwdriver (107)
 Flathead screwdriver
 Tweezers
 Pliers
 Cutting pliers
 Hex wrench set
9.3.2.Preparation for Disassembly

Before disassembling the analyzer, please make the following preparations:
 Stop the blood tests. Adjust the sample probe to the horizontal sampling position.
Shut down the analyzer and disconnect all the connections with accessories and
peripherals.
 Disconnect the external power supply.
 All the analyzer components and surfaces are potentially infectious. Take proper
protective measures during operation and maintenance.
 The reagents are irritating to eyes, skin and mucosa. Wear proper personal protective
equipment (e.g. gloves, lab coat, etc.) and follow safe laboratory procedures when
handling them in the laboratory.
 If the reagents accidentally spill on your skin, wash them off with plenty of water and if
necessary, seek medical advice; if the reagents accidentally spill into your eyes, wash
them off with plenty of water and immediately go to see a doctor.
 Please eliminate static electricity before disassembly. While removing the components
with electrostatic sensitive mark, please wear protective equipment such as an
antistatic wrist strap or antistatic gloves to avoid electro-static discharge damage to the
components.
Service Manual 97
Mechanical System
 During reassembly, please connect the wires correctly and keep them in proper
positions to avoid short circuit caused by damaged wires.
 Use screws of suitable models during reinstallation. Using wrong screws may result in
equipment damage. Furthermore, during usage after reinstallation, a wrong screw may
become loose and fall off, resulting in unexpected product damage or personal injury.
 Please disassemble the equipment in the correct order. Failure to do so may result in
irreversible damage to the equipment.
 Please make sure all connections have been disconnected before disassembling the
components. Be careful not to break the wires or the connectors during disassembly.
 Please store the removed screws and other parts in separate places for reinstallation
purpose. Be careful not to drop, contaminate or lose these parts.
 During disassembly, separate the materials by module to avoid misusing or missing

materials during reassembly.
 During reassembly, please assemble first the components then the main unit. Be
careful with the wire connections. Place the wires in proper position.
9.4. Disassembling the Main Unit
 During the disassembly, make sure the site is smooth without foreign materials to avoid
screen scratches.
 All operations must be done by professionals. Insulating gloves must be worn when
servicing.
 After assembly, check all the fluidic tubes. Folding is strictly prohibited.
98 Service Manual
Mechanical System
9.4.1.Removing the Top Plate Assembly

As shown in the figure below, place the analyzer on the table, unscrew the two M3×6 combination
screws, place the handle on the top plate, push it toward the rear plate, and then lift the top plate
upwards. Unplug the micro thermal recorder cable and remove the top plate.
9.4.2.Removing the Left/Right Plate Assembly

1) Perform Section 10.4.1 and remove the top plate assembly;
2) Remove the two M3×6 combination screws and remove the right plate assembly as shown
below. Remove the two M3×6 combination screws and the two M3X12 combination screws at
the reagent compartment, and remove the left plate assembly.
Service Manual 99
Mechanical System
9.4.3.Removing the Power Plate Assembly

1) Unscrew the 6 M3×6 combination screws and power plate. Remove the cables and
ground wires connected with the power plate.
Installation:
Reverse the removal procedure.
Verification:
1. Check if all the components are installed and fastened in position.
2. Verify the tube connections are correct.
3. Verify normal operations by starting the analyzer.
 During installation, verify that the ground wire is connected to the correct ground pin
properly.
100 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.4.Removing the Rear Plate

2) Execute section 9.4.2 and remove the left/right side plate assembly;
3) Perform Section 9.4.3 and remove the power plate assembly;
4) As shown in the figure below, unplug all the cables on the main control board, unscrew
the two M3×6 combination screws and the six M4×8 combination screws, and remove the
rear plate.
Service Manual 101

Mechanical System
9.4.5.Removing the Front Shell Assembly

2) Perform Section 9.4.2 and remove the left/right plate assembly;
3) Unscrew the six M3×8 combination screws as shown below, remove the front shell
assembly, and unplug the display assembly and the cable on the light board.
Left is KT-60/KT-62; right is KT-40/KT-42
4) Unplug the cable connector of the front shell assembly from the main control board;
9.4.6.Shield Cover of RBC and WBC Counting Pool Repair

Assembly
1) Perform section 9.4.1 and remove the top plate assembly;
2) Perform Section 9.4.2 and remove the right plate assembly;
3) As shown in the figure below, unscrew the three M3×6 combination screws and remove
the shield cover;
4) As shown in the figure below, unplug the shield line on the side of the counting pool and
all the pipes below, and remove the counting pool assembly from the snap ring.
102 Service Manual

Mechanical System
Installation:
Verification:
 Before removing the counting pool shield box, please adjust the sample probe position,
so that the sample probe leaves the shield box. Otherwise the sample probe may bend
or hurt the operator.
Service Manual 103

Mechanical System
9.4.7.Removing the Aperture

1) Follow step 2 and 3 in Section 9.4.6 to remove the RBC shield cover.
2) As shown below, remove the M3×18 screws to remove the compression cap, and use
tweezers to remove the washer and aperture.
Note: Use angled tweezers to push the aperture out from the center of the RBC
counting pool.
 Before removing the counting pool shield box, please adjust the sample probe position,
so that the sample probe leaves the shield box. Otherwise the sample probe may bend
or hurt the operator.
 When installing the aperture, make sure that the concave of the sensor is facing the
center of the RBC counting pool.
104 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.8.Replacing the Isolator

1) Follow step 1-3 in Section 9.4.6 to remove the right door and the RBC shielding cover.
2) As shown below, remove the isolator from the snap ring.
Installation:
Verification:
Service Manual 105

Mechanical System
9.4.9.Removing the Right Plate Solenoid Valve Assembly

1) Perform section 9.4.1 and remove the top plate assembly;
3) Remove the pipe in the middle of the pinch valve as shown below, unscrew the two
M3×6 combination screws, remove the electromagnet pinch valve assembly and pull
the joint out of the hole.
Installation:
Verification:
2. Verify the electrical connections are correct.
3. After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, select “Service” → “Self-test”
→ “Valve Self-test” and click on the number (which is printed on the fluidics separator) to
see if the corresponding valve is working correctly.
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Mechanical System
9.4.10. Removing the Front Valve Assembly

3) Perform Section 9.4.5 and remove the front shell assembly;
4) Unplug the pipe on the valve to be repaired as shown below, and then unscrew the two
M3×6 combination screws from the fixing plate, remove the valve assembly to be
repaired and pull the connector out of the hole.
Installation:
Verification:
2. Verify the tube connections and the electrical connections are correct.
3. After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, select “Service” → “Self-test”
→ “Valve Self-test” and click on the number (which is printed on the fluidics separator) to
see if the corresponding valve is working correctly.
Service Manual 107

Mechanical System
9.4.11. Removing the Pump

1) Perform the 9.4.1 section and remove the top plate assembly;
2) Perform Section 9.4.2 and remove the right side panel assembly;
4) As shown in the figure below, unplug the pipe from the pump, then unscrew the four
M3×16 combination screws, remove the pump assembly and pull the connector out of
the hole.
Installation:
Verification:
108 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.12. Removing the Waste Pump Assembly

4) Unplug the pipe on the vacuum chamber, then unscrew the four M3×16 screws, remove
the pump assembly and pull the connector out of the hole.
Installation:
Verification:
3. After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, Click on the waste pump
self-test function and see if it is working correctly..
Service Manual 109

Mechanical System
9.4.13. Removing the Sample Probe Wash Set

4) After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, select “Service” →
“Sample Probe Debug”. Click on the “Initial Position”.
5) As shown below, remove the clamp and the sample probe wash set. Disconnect the
tube from the wash set.
Installation:
Verification:
2. After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, select “Service” → “Sample
Probe Debug” to verify the three positions of the sample probe (“Initial Position”, “Upper
Position”, “Middle Position” and “Lower Position” of “RBC Bath” and “WBC Bath”) and
ensure the reliable operation of the sample probe.
3. Start the analyzer and perform the sample probe cleaning sequence. Check if any fluid
flows out from the bottom of the sample probe wash set.
110 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.14. Replacing the Sample Probe

4) After startup, press the “ ” button from the system menu, select “Service” →
“Sample Probe Debug”. Click on the “Initial Position”.
5) As shown below, remove the clamp and the sample probe wash set. Disconnect the
tube from the wash set.
6) As shown below, remove the tubes from the sample probe. Remove the 2 M3×6 screws
and the T-type press plate, and remove the sample probe.
Installation:
Verification:
Service Manual 111

Mechanical System
9.4.15. Removing the Sampling Assembly

4) Perform Section 9.4.13 and remove the clamp and the sample probe wash set.
5) As shown below, unscrew the 4 M3×6 screws, and remove the vertical movement
assembly outward.
6) As shown in the figure below (hidden front plate assembly, plate assembly), unscrew
the five M3×12 hex socket screws, remove the horizontal movement assembly outward,
and unplug the motor connector cable and sensor connector cable.
112 Service Manual

Mechanical System
Installation:
Verification:
9.4.16. Replacing the Thermal Recorder

1) Follow step 1 in Section 9.4.1 to remove the top plate.
2) Disconect all the cable connectors on the recorder.
3) Open the recorder cover and unscrew the M2.5 screw until the recorder can be
removed from the square hole on the left door.
Installation:
Verification:
2. Verify the cable connections are correct.
Service Manual 113

Mechanical System
9.4.17. Removing the Indicator board PCBA

1) Follow step 1-4 in Section 9.4.5 to remove the front shell assembly, and put it on the
table. Remove the cable connector from the indicator.
2) As shown below, KT-60/KT-40: unscrew the 2 M3×6 combination screws and remove
the plate and the spring; unscrew the 3 M3×6 combination screws, remove the indicator
board PCBA. KT-62/KT-42: unscrew the 2 M3×6 combination screws and remove the
indicator board PCBA.
Installation:
Verification:
3. Start the analyzer and verify the indicators can be illuminated.
114 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.18. Removing the Touch Screen Inverter(Only for

KT-60/KT-62 models)
2) As shown below, unscrew the 2 M3×6 combination screws, remove the inverter.
Installation:
Verification:
3. Start the analyzer and verify normal operations of the touch screen.
Service Manual 115

Mechanical System
9.4.19. Removing the LCD Module

2) As shown below, unscrew the 6 M3×8 combination screws which fasten the LCD
module, and the 2 screws which fasten the strap. Remove the LCD module and
disconnect all the cables from the screen.
Left is KT-60/KT-62; Right is KT-40/KT-42
Installation:
Verification:
3. Start the analyzer and verify that the screen is working correctly.
116 Service Manual

Mechanical System
9.4.20. Removing the Touch Screen

2) As shown below, remove the cable from the touch screen, unscrew the 4 M3×8
combination screws which fasten the LCD module, and remove the touch screen
assembly (without disconnecting the cables).
Left is KT-60/KT-62; Right is KT-40/KT-42
3) Remove the touch screen from the front shell.
Installation:
Verification:
1. Check if each connecting wire of the touch screen is locked.
3. Calibrate the touch screen.
4. Start the analyzer and verify normal operations of the touch screen.
Service Manual 117

Mechanical System
9.4.21. Removing the Scan Head Adapter Board

2) Unscrew the 4 M3×6 combination screws, remove the swipe poncho.
3) Unscrew the 4 M2×6 combination screws, remove the adapter board.
Installation:
Verification:
4. Open the barcode scanning interface to verify that it can scan correctly.
118 Service Manual

Debugging
10. Debugging
10.1. Sample Probe Position Adjustment

10.1.1. Sample Probe to the Center of the WBC Bath
1) Remove the shield cover. Press the “ ” button, select “Service” → “Sample Probe
Debug”, and then click “Initial Position”, the sample probe is reset. Click “WBC Bath” →
“Middle Position”, check if the sample probe is located above the center of the WBC
bath, otherwise set the compensation steps for “X Motor To WBC”, and then click
“Save”.
Sample probe to the WBC bath
2) Click “Initial Position” → “WBC Bath” to check if the position is adjusted in place, or
repeat the above operations until the probe tip is adjusted to the center of the WBC
bath.
3) Install the shield cover. Use the same method to see if the sample probe may contact
with the shield cover, otherwise re-adjust the sample probe position.
Service Manual 119

Debugging
10.1.2. Sample Probe to the Center of the RBC Bath
Debug”, and then click “Initial Position”, the sample probe is reset. Click “RBC Bath” →
“Middle Position”, check if the sample probe is located above the center of the RBC
bath, otherwise set the compensation steps for “X Motor To RBC”, and then click
“Save”.
Sample probe to the RBC bath
2) Enter the sample probe debugging interface again, click “Initial Position” → “RBC Bath”
to check if the position is adjusted in place, or repeat the above operations until the
probe tip is adjusted to the center of the RBC bath.
3) Install the shield cover. Use the same method to see if the sample probe may contact
with the shield cover, otherwise re-adjust the sample probe position.
120 Service Manual

Debugging
10.1.3. Sample Probe Horizantal Aspiration Position
Debug”, and then click “Initial Position”, the sample probe is reset. Click “RBC Bath” →
“Lower Position”, check if the sample probe reaches the position of the bath in the RBC
bath, otherwise set the compensation steps for “Y Motor To WBC(RBC)”, and then click
“Save”.
The sample probe is

in the red line area
Service Manual 121

Debugging
10.2. HGB Blank Voltage Setup

1) Before setting the HGB blank voltage, prime the liquid system. Ensure that the fluid
path and the WBC bath priming are normal.
2) Press the “ ” button and select “Setup” → “Gain Setup”, click the HGB “Set Value”
box and input the value to adjust the blank voltage to be within 4.5±0.1V.
122 Service Manual

Debugging
10.3. RBC Gain Setup

1) Prepare a control with normal value. Keep it at room temperature for 15 minutes after
taking out from the refrigerator, and then mix it well by back and forth rubbing the
collection tube with both hands.
2) Present the control to the sample probe. Press the aspirate key to start analysis.
3) After the analysis, check the MCV value, which should be close to the target value of
the control MCV; Enter the gain setup interface and set the RBC set value.
4) In the gain setup interface, set the RBC set value and run the QC analysis again.
Repeat the above operations until the peak value is close to the target value of the
control.（Reference: RBC gain value is generally between 40 and 45）
Service Manual 123

Debugging
10.4. WBC Gain Setup

1) Remove the 7um standard solution from the refrigerator and mix it by shaking; first add
2mL of the diluent to the bullet, then add two drops of the standard solution (about 50uL)
and mix well to select the whole blood mode measurement.
2) After the test is completed, check the WBC information diagram on the main interface.
The peak value of the graph is around the horizontal coordinate fL155. The peak value
of the graph is to the left, and the WBC gain coefficient is increased. When the peak
value of the graph is right, the WBC gain coefficient is reduced.
124 Service Manual

Commissioning and Verification after Servicing
11. Commissioning and Verification

after Servicing
Commissioning
Part Name Material Code Requirements after Confirmation
replacement
Check the corresponding

Main control board Version information is
P02.05.505026 version information from the
assembly correct
“Version Info.” screen
Check the corresponding

Kernel version
Core board P01.50.000370 version information from the
information is correct
“Version Info.” screen
1. Backup the data before

SD card replacing the SD card (if
application possible). Software version
P01.91.924083
component (60 information is correct
speed) 2. Restore the configuration
data.
1. Backup the data before

SD card replacing the SD card (if
application possible). Software version
P01.91.924082
component (40 information is correct
speed) 2. Restore the configuration
data.
Self-test diluent syringe in

Aspirate pump
P02.15.503033 the " System Self-Test " Fault free
assembly
interface
Self-test waste pump

Negative pressure
P02.15.503032 syringe in the " System Fault free
pump assembly
Self-Test " interface
Sampling drive P02.15.503041 1. Move the sampling 1. Sampling

assembly assembly horizontally and assembly self-test is
vertically to ensure that the fault free.
Sample probe sampling line is
P12.15.503016
wash set unobstructed with no folding 2. Reproducibility
Service Manual 125

Commissioning
replacement
and interference with the qualified.

preamplifier, fluidics
separator.
2. Ensure that the sample

tube is not squeezed or
deformed at the line straps.
3. Ensure that there is no

folding or interference when
the sample probe wash set
fluid line is moving
horizontally or vertically in
Sample probe P11.16.000212
the sampling assembly.
4. The orientation of the

aspiration hole of the
sample probe must be
correct.
5. Commissioning of the
position between the
sample probe and the
WBC/RBC bath
6. Recalibration
1. Commissioning of the
sample probe and the bath.
2. The waste tube of the

RBC counting pool bath needs to be wrapped in Reproducibility
module(with P02.15.505082 the vertical direction and qualified.
aperture) cannot be folded.
3. Perform RBC gain

calibration
4 Recalibration
1. Commissioning of the 1. Reproducibility

WBC counting qualified.
pool module(with P02.15.505081
sample probe and the bath. 2. HGB background
aperture)
2. The waste tube of the voltage is 4.5V.
126 Service Manual

Commissioning
replacement
bath needs to be wrapped in

the vertical direction and
cannot be folded.
3. Perform HGB gain

calibration
2-way solenoid 1. Verify that the

P12.15.503013
valve assembly Check valve 1-16 in turn in orientation of the
the “Valve self-test” inlet/outlet is correct.
3-way solenoid interface 2. The hose shall be
P12.15.503014
valve assembly fully inserted.
Verify normal
KT-40/KT-42 touch Perform touch screen
P11.72.000032 operations of the
screen calibration
touch screen
Verify normal
KT-60/KT-62 touch Perform touch screen
P11.72.000041 operations of the
screen calibration
touch screen
Display screen
P11.72.000042
（KT-60/KT-62）
Display screen
P11.72.000031 / Can display properly
（KT-40/KT-42）
Inverter
P11.50.000014
（KT-60/KT-62）
Set time and date in the

Button battery “Date/Time Setup” interface. After startup, the date
P11.59.000002
CR2032\3.0V\Φ20 Save the settings and remains the same
restart the analyzer.
Check the power supply

Switching power
P01.58.000062 output voltage before the The voltage is normal
supply
instrument is powered on
Power filter P01.58.000039 / Startup normally
Photoelectric P02.15.505062 Check the sensor blocking Check if it is blocked
Service Manual 127

Commissioning
replacement
sensor assembly status in the “Status - according to the

Sensor” interface. fluidic priming state.
Microswitch 1. The [Aspirate] key

P02.15.505048 /
assembly is working properly.
Indicator board The indicator is

P01.47.000252 /
assembly displayed normally.
See Section 7.5.4

See Repair Precautions for
Analyzer tubes Spare Parts / Assembly and
List Service in the service
manual.
128 Service Manual

Service BOM
12. Service BOM
Part No. Part Name
P01.58.000062-00 Switching power supply
P01.58.000039-00 Power filter
P01.57.000011-00 Fuse
P01.91.924083-00 SD card application component (60 speed)
P01.91.924082-00 SD card application component (60 speed)
P02.05.505026-00 Main control board assembly
P01.50.000370-00 Core board
P02.15.503033-01 Aspirate pump assembly
P02.15.503032-01 Negative pressure pump assembly
P02.15.505082-00 RBC counting pool module(with aperture)
P02.15.505081-00 WBC counting pool module(with aperture)
P12.15.503013-00 2-way solenoid valve assembly
P12.15.503014-00 3-way solenoid valve assembly
P12.15.503017-00 Isolator
P02.15.505005-00 Sampling body assembly
P11.16.000212-02 Sample probe
P12.15.503016-00 Sample probe wash set
P02.15.505048-00 Microswitch assembly
P01.47.000252-00 Indicator board assembly
P11.72.000032-03 8-inch touch screen
P11.72.000041-00 Touch screen
Service Manual 129

Service BOM
Part No. Part Name
P11.72.000031-00 Display screen(KT-40/KT-42)
P11.72.000042-01 Display screen(KT-60/KT-62)
P01.50.000364-00 Micro thermal recorder
P11.50.000014-00 Inverter
P01.08.000021-00 O-ring
P11.01.000131-00 Reagent detector
P01.09.500056-00 Filter
P01.09.100055-00 3.2TPU tube
P01.09.100057-00 Black transit tube
P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube
P01.09.100060-00 1.6EVA tube
P01.09.100062-00 2.0TPU tube
P11.09.100019-00 Polyurethane tube
P11.09.100028-00 Polyurethane tube
P11.09.100033-00 Hose
130 Service Manual

Appendix
13. Appendix
Appendix A Fluidic Diagram
Appendix B Connection and Tube
Position
Name in
Material in the
No. the Part No. Name and Description
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
SR
1 Syringe (1130*805 P02.15.503033-00 Aspirate pump assembly C1&D2
0*50uL)
Negative
2 pressure SY(45mL) P02.15.503032-00 Negative pressure pump assembly E7&E83
pump
WBC counting pool assembly(with

3 WBC bath WBC P02.15.503005-00 C3
aperture)
4 RBC bath RBC P02.15.503004-00 RBC counting pool assembly(with C5
Service Manual 131

Appendix
Position
Name in
Material in the
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
aperture)
Sample
7 SPB P11.16.000212-02 Sample probe C3
probe
Sample Sample
8 probe probe P12.15.503016-00 Sample probe wash set assembly C3
wash set wash set
Isolation
Isolation
9 chamber P12.15.503017-00 Isolator (without strainer) D3
chamber
1
Isolation P12.15.503017-00
Isolation
10 chamber Isolator (without strainer) D5
chamber
2
Isolation P12.15.503017-00
Isolation
11 chamber Isolator (without strainer) C7
chamber
3
Solenoid
12 SV01 P02.15.503014-00 3-way solenoid valve assembly B1
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503014-00
13 SV02 3-way solenoid valve assembly B2
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503014-00
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503014-00
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503014-00
valve
Solenoid
17 SV06 P02.15.503013-00 2-way solenoid valve assembly B5
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
18 SV07 2-way solenoid valve assembly D7
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
valve
132 Service Manual

Appendix
Position
Name in
Material in the
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
21 SV10 2-way solenoid valve assembly E7
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
valve
Solenoid P02.15.503013-00
valve
Reagent
24 RT1 P11.01.000131-00 Reagent detector A4
test
Reagent
25 RT2 P11.01.000131-00 Reagent detector A6
test
26 Tube T1 P01.09.100057-00 Black transit tube C1
27 Tube T2 P01.09.100060-00 1.6EVA tube A2
28 Tube T3 P01.09.100060-00 1.6EVA tube A6
29 Tube T4 P11.09.100033-00 Hose B7
30 Tube T5 P01.09.100044-00 PP tube B7
31 Tube T6 P01.09.100060-00 1.6EVA tube A3
32 Tube T7 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube C1
33 Tube T8 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube A3
34 Tube T9 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube A5
35 Tube T10 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube A6
36 Tube T11 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B7
37 Tube T12 P01.09.100033-00 Hose B7
38 Tube T13 P11.09.100044-00 PP tube B7
39 Tube T14 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B2
40 Tube T15 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube C2
41 Tube T16 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B2
42 Tube T17 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B5
43 Tube T18 P01.09.100028-00 Polyurethane tube B3
44 Tube T19 P01.09.100019-00 Polyurethane tube C3
Service Manual 133

Appendix
Position
Name in
Material in the
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
45 Tube T20 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B2
46 Tube T21 P01.09.100060-00 1.6EVA tube B2
47 Tube T22 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B4
48 Tube T23 P01.09.100062-00 2.0TPU tube B4
49 Tube T24 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B3
50 Tube T25 P01.09.100062-00 2.0TPU tube C3
51 Tube T26 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B5
52 Tube T27 P01.09.100059-00 2.4TPU tube B5
53 Tube T28 P01.09.100062-00 2.0TPU tube C5
60 Tube T35 P01.09.100019-00 Polyurethane tube D5
69 Tube T44 P11.09.100019-00 Polyurethane tube E6
134 Service Manual

Appendix
Position
Name in
Material in the
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
80 Tube T55 P11.09.100055-00 3.2TPU tube E6
81 Tube T56 P11.09.100055-00 3.2TPU tube F5
Transit Transit tube

82 J1 P11.09.100057-00 A2
tube
Transit P11.09.100057-00 Transit tube

83 J2 A2
tube

84 J3 A6
tube

85 J4 A2
tube

86 J5 A3
tube
Straight-through tube connector -

87 Connector C1 P01.09.500058-00 A2
medium – small(PVDF)
P01.09.500058-00 Straight-through tube connector -

88 Connector C2 A2

89 Connector C3 A6

90 Connector C4 P01.09.500052-00 B7
large - small

91 Connector C5 A3

92 Connector C6 A3
Service Manual 135

Appendix
Position
Name in
Material in the
Type Fluidic
Diagram
Diagram
93 Connector C7 P11.09.500004-00 Threaded tube connector A6
94 Connector C8 P11.09.500018-00 Threaded tube connector nut A6
95 Connector C9 P11.09.700002-00 Threaded tube connector fixing cover A6
96 Connector C10 P01.09.700007-00 Threaded tube connector cap A6

97 Connector C11 P01.09.500053-00 B7
large - medium (DC-1)
98 Connector C12 P01.09.500051-00 Straight-through tube connector B3

99 Connector C13 P01.09.500058-00 B2
T-type tube
103 Connector C17 P11.09.600009-00 C4
connector-medium(PVDF)
T-type tube
104 Connector C18 P11.09.600009-00 C4
connector-medium(PVDF)
105 Connector C19 P01.09.800021-00 T-type tube connector A5
106 Connector C20 P01.09.500051-00 Straight-through tube connector D6
107 Connector C21 P01.09.500051-00 Straight-through tube connector D6
108 Connector C22 P01.09.500051-00 Straight-through tube connector E6
109 Connector C23 P11.09.500004-00 Threaded tube connector E6
110 Connector C24 P01.09.500016-00 Threaded tube connector nut E6
111 Connector C25 P11.09.700003-00 Threaded tube connector fixing cover E6
112 Connector C26 P01.09.500055-00 Threaded tube connector cap E6
113 Connector C27 P01.09.500050-00 Connector F5
114 Connector C28 P01.09.700003-00 Threaded tube connector fixing cover F5
115 Connector C29 P01.09.500016-00 Threaded tube connector nut F5
136 Service Manual

Appendix
Appendix C Hardware Block Diagram
15-way solenoid valve

or without detection
4-way stepper motor
2-way reagent with

1-way air pressure
1-way waste signal
1-way liquid pump

position sensor
(reserved)
7-way motor
(reserved)
1 fan
Barcode scanning
Resistive touch screen

WBC channel
LCD screen
RBC/PLT channel
SD card
Indicator board Main control board（AM335X+FPGA） HGB test

Aspirate bracket driver board（MCU）
RS232 DB9 Printer
Network port
USB2.0
RF card
Open-vial aspirate key
DC5V(digital)
DC12V(power)
DC24V(power)
DC110V(Zap)
DC±12V(simulation)
Switching
Power filter
Grid AC220V power supply
+ switch
module
Service Manual 137

Appendix
Appendix D Commissioning and Verification Form
Product Model Serial Number
No. Inspection Item Description Requirement Result Conclusion
Refer to related
Electrical Power cable □OK □PASS
1 graphic files in the
connection connection □NG □FAIL
appendix
Red indicates
problems, green
□OK □PASS
2 Indicator color Color indicates OK,
□NG □FAIL
orange indicates
standby
Alarms when □OK □PASS

3 Indicator sound Sound
problems exist □NG □FAIL
Touchscreen
Touchscreen □OK □PASS
4 Touchscreen calibration
calibration □NG □FAIL
completed
The date and time

□OK □PASS
5 Time and date Enter time and date are entered
□NG □FAIL
correctly
Version and
□OK □PASS
6 Version configuration Is the latest version
□NG □FAIL
information
Syringe and Syringe and

sampling sampling □OK □PASS
7 Normal operation
mechanism mechanism □NG □FAIL
self-test self-test
□OK □PASS
8 Valves self-test Valves Normal operation
□NG □FAIL
Adjustment of the
Refer to
Mechanical relative position
Mechanical □OK □PASS
9 position between the
position □NG □FAIL
adjustment sample probe and
adjustment
the WBC bath
138 Service Manual

Appendix
Adjustment of the
Refer to
Mechanical relative position
Mechanical □OK □PASS
10 position between the
adjustment sample probe and
adjustment
the RBC bath
Counting
Bubbles in the □OK □PASS
11 channel No bubbles
sample tube or not □NG □FAIL
measurement
Counting
Fluid residue on the □OK □PASS
12 channel No residue
sample probe □NG □FAIL
measurement
The sample probe

Counting is below the liquid
Normal down □OK □PASS
13 channel level and has no
measurement contact with the
counting pool
Counting Bubbles in the

□OK □PASS
14 channel sample supple tube No bubbles
□NG □FAIL
measurement or not
Counting
Bubbles in the Bubbles in the □OK □PASS
15 channel
WBC bath or not WBC bath □NG □FAIL
measurement
Counting
Bubbles in the RBC Bubbles in the □OK □PASS
16 channel
bath or not RBC bath □NG □FAIL
measurement
Counting
□PASS
17 channel Aperture voltage [16, 21]V
□FAIL
measurement
Counting Splash when WBC

No splash and no □OK □PASS
18 channel bubbling? Bubbles
contact □NG □FAIL
measurement on filling tube?
19 Counting Splash when RBC

No splash and no □OK □PASS
channel bubbling? Bubbles
Service Manual 139

Appendix
measurement on filling tube? contact □NG □FAIL
Counting WBC bath can be

□OK □PASS
20 channel drained correctly or Drained correctly
□NG □FAIL
measurement not
Counting RBC bath can be

□OK □PASS
21 channel drained correctly or Drained correctly
□NG □FAIL
measurement not
Counting
□OK □PASS
22 channel WBC bath wall No residue
□NG □FAIL
measurement
Counting
□OK □PASS
23 channel RBC bath wall No residue
□NG □FAIL
measurement
Counting Counting pool

□OK □PASS
24 channel shield box Screws tightened
□NG □FAIL
measurement installation
Counting Sample probe

Sample probe □OK □PASS
25 channel moves with no
movement □NG □FAIL
measurement interference
Sample probe tube

Counting
does not interfere □OK □PASS
26 channel Sample probe tube
with other □NG □FAIL
measurement
structures
Perform
Refer to the □OK □PASS
27 Maintenance maintenance and
Operation Manual □NG □FAIL
cleaning
Counting pool
voltage RBC aperture □PASS
28 [16, 21]V
measurement voltage □FAIL
and setup
Analyzer status □PASS

29 RBC ≤0.02×1012/L
verification - □FAIL
140 Service Manual

Appendix
count
Analyzer status
□PASS
30 verification - HGB ≤1g/L
□FAIL
count
Analyzer status
□PASS
31 verification - HCT ≤0.5%
□FAIL
count
Analyzer status
□PASS
32 verification - PLT ≤10×109/L
□FAIL
count
□PASS
33 Background test WBC ≤0.2×109/L
□FAIL
□PASS
34 Background test RBC ≤0.02×1012/L
□FAIL
□PASS
35 Background test HGB ≤1g/L
□FAIL
□PASS
36 Background test HCT ≤0.5%
□FAIL
□PASS
37 Background test PLT ≤10×109/L
□FAIL
□PASS
38 Impedance gain RBC N/A: Not applicable
□FAIL
□PASS
39 HGB gain HGB N/A: Not applicable
□FAIL
No fault or alarm □OK □PASS

40 Shutdown Shutdown process
occurs □NG □FAIL
Service Manual 141

Add:4-10F, Building 3, Geya Technology Park, Guangming District,
518106, Shenzhen, China
Web:www.genrui-bio.com
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82-P01.91.700065-01 KT-60 KT-62 KT-40 KT-42 Service Manual

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Auto Hematology Analyzer

Item No.: P01.91.700065-01

Intellectual Property Rights

Genrui reserves the final explanation right to this manual.

 All installation operations, expansions, readjustment, modifications and repairs of this

 Related electrical appliances conform to National Standards.

 The product is used in accordance with the operation guide.

 Components are disassembled/reassembled, stretched and readjusted.

 Products are not properly operated according to the Operation Manual.

Customer Service Department

 This equipment must be operated by skilled/trained professional maintenance

1. Product Overview .......................................................................... 1

3. Working Principles ...................................................................... 13

4. Software and Interface ................................................................ 17

4.1. Login ................................................................................................................17

5. Data Transmission ....................................................................... 29

6. Fluidic System ............................................................................. 36

7. Hardware System ........................................................................ 62

9. Mechanical System ..................................................................... 80

Service Manual iii

9.4.12. Removing the Waste Pump Assembly ..................................................109

10. Debugging .................................................................................. 119

11. Commissioning and Verification after Servicing .................... 125

12. Service BOM ............................................................................... 129

13. Appendix .................................................................................... 131

1.1. Product Name

Table 1-1 Dimensions and weight

KT-60/KT-62/KT-40/KT-42 Whole device

1.1.1. Electrical Specifications

Input power 160VA

Fuse specification: F6.3A L250V

 Only fuses of the specified specification shall be used.

Operating Storage Running

Normal mode can be use in the three sample modes.

1.2. Testing Parameters

Table 1-4 Parameters

Parameter Norma L-WBC/PL

White Blood Cell

Parameter Norma L-WBC/PL

Lymphocytes count Lym# √ √

RBC group (8) Red Blood Cell count RBC √ √

Red Blood Cell

Parameter Norma L-WBC/PL

Red Blood Cell

Platelet count PLT √ √

Mean Platelet Volume MPV √ √

Platelet larger cell count P-LCC √ √

Platelet larger cell ratio P-LCR √ √

Table 1-5 Histograms

White Blood Cell Histogram WBC Histogram

Red Blood Cell Histogram RBC Histogram

Platelet Histogram PLT Histogram

1.3. Product Description

Model KT-60 KT-62 KT-40 KT-42

Screen size 10.4 inch 10.4 inch 8 inch 8 inch

Memory 600000 500000 400000 300000

Figure 1-1 Front view of the main unit

1. Touch screen 2. Sample probe 3. [Aspirate] key

Figure 1-2 Back view of the main unit

1. Network port 2. USB port 3. Power input socket

connection or data transmission.

1.4. Product Configuration

1.5. Reagents, Controls and Calibrators