STRAIGHT LINE

AIEEE Syllabus

1. Equation of Straight line

2. Equation of Straight line parallel to axes

3. Slope of a line 

4. Different forms of the equation of Straight line

5. Reduction of general form of equation into standard forms

6. Position of a point relative to a line

7. Angle between two straight lines

8. Equation of parallel & perpendicular lines

9. Equation of Straight lines through (x1, y1) making an angle  with y = mx + c

10. Length of perpendicular

11. Condition of concurrency

12. Bisectors of angles between two lines

13. Line passing through the point of intersection of two lines

Total No. of questions in Straight line are:

Solved examples……….......………………..…21

Level # 1 …….………………………………… 68

Level # 2 …….……………………………….…30

Level # 3 …….……………………………….…30

Level # 4 ……………………………………..…22

Total No. of questions…..………..171

***

IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 1

 1. Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises (Levels # 1, 2, 3, 4) in the
same sequence or as directed by the faculty members.
2. Level #3 is not for foundation course students, it will be discussed in fresher and
target courses.

Index : Preparing your own list of Important/Difficult Questions

Instruction to fill

(A) Write down the Question Number you are unable to solve in column A below, by Pen.
(B) After discussing the Questions written in column A with faculties, strike off them in the
manner so that you can see at the time of Revision also, to solve these questions again.
(C) Write down the Question Number you feel are important or good in the column B.

COLUMN :A COLUMN :B
EXERCISE
NO. Questions I am unable
Good/Important questions
to solve in first attempt

Level # 1

Level # 2

Level # 3

Level # 4

Advantages

1. It is advised to the students that they should prepare a question bank for the revision as it is
very difficult to solve all the questions at the time of revision.

2. Using above index you can prepare and maintain the questions for your revision.
IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 2
 KEY CONCEPTS
1. Equation of Straight Line
A relation between x and y which is satisfied by
co-ordinates of every point lying on a line is called
the equation of Straight Line. Every linear equation
in two variable x and y always represents a straight
line.
eg. 3x + 4y = 5, – 4x + 9y = 3 etc.
General form of straight line is given by
ax + by + c = 0.
2. Equation of Straight line Parallel to
Axes
(i) Equation of x axis  y = 0.
Equation a line parallel to x axis (or
perpendicular to y-axis) at a distance ‘a’ from it 
y = a.
4. Different forms of the Equation of
Straight line
4.1 Slope - Intercept Form :
The equation of a line with slope m and making an
intercept c on y–axis is y = mx + c. If the line passes
through the origin, then c = 0. Thus the equation of a
line with slope m and passing through the origin
y = mx.
4.2 Slope Point Form :
The equation of a line with slope m and passing
through a point (x1, y1) is
y – y1 = m(x – x1)
4.3 Two Point Form :
The equation of a line passing through two given
points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is -

(ii) Equation of y axis  x = 0. y 2  y1

y – y1 = (x – x1)
Equation of a line parallel to y-axis (or x 2  x1
perpendicular to x axis) at a distance ‘a’ from it 4.4 Intercept Form :
 x = a. The equation of a line which makes intercept a and b
eg. Equation of a line which is parallel to x y
x-axis and at a distance of 4 units in the negative on the x-axis and y-axis respectively is  =1.
a b
direction is y = – 4.
Here, the length of intercept between the
3. Slope of a Line co-ordinates axis = a 2  b 2

If  is the angle made by a line with the positive Y

direction of x axis in anticlockwise sense, then the (0, b)
B
value of tan is called the Slope (also called b
gradient) of the line and is denoted by m or slope
(a, 0)
 m = tan  X
O a A
eg. A line which is making an angle of 45º with the
1 1
x-axis then its slope is m = tan 45º = 1. Area of OAB = OA. OB = a.b.
2 2
Note :
(i) Slope of x axis or a line parallel to x-axis is 4.5 Normal (Perpendicular) Form of a Line :
tan 0º = 0. If p is the length of perpendicular on a line from the
(ii) Slope of y axis or a line parallel to y-axis is origin and  is the inclination of perpendicular with
tan 90º = . x- axis then equation on this line is
xcos + ysin = p
(iii) The slope of a line joining two points (x1, y1)
4.6 Parametric Form (Distance Form) :
y  y1
and (x2, y2) is given by m = 2 . If  be the angle made by a straight line with
x 2  x1
x-axis which is passing through the point (x1, y1) and
eg. Slope of a line joining two points (3, 5) and r be the distance of any point (x, y) on the line from
95 4 the point (x1, y1 ) then its equation.
(7, 9) is =  = 1.
73 4

IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 3

 x  x1 y  y 1 m1  m 2
= =r tan  =
cos  sin  1  m1m 2

5. Reduction of general form of Equations Note :

into Standard forms (i) If any one line is parallel to y axis then the
General Form of equation ax + by + c = 0 then its- angle between two straight line is given by
1
(i) Slope Intercept Form is tan = 
m
a c a
y=– x – , here slope m = – , Intercept Where m is the slope of other straight line
b b b
(ii) If the equation of lines are a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
c
C= and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 then above formula
b
(ii) Intercept Form is would be

x y a1b 2  b1a 2
+ = 1, here x intercept is tan  =
c/a c/b a1a 2  b1b 2
= – c/a, y intercept is = – c/b (iii) Here two angles between two lines, but
(iii) Normal Form is to change the general form of a generally we consider the acute angle as the
line into normal form, first take c to right hand angle between them, so in all the above formula
side and make it positive, then divide the whole we take only positive value of tan.
equation by a 2  b 2 like 7.1 Parallel Lines :
ax by c Two lines are parallel, then angle between them is 0
–   ,
a 2  b2 a 2  b2 a 2  b2 m1  m 2
 = tan0º = 0
1  m1m 2
a b
here cos = , sin = and
 m1 = m2
a b2 2
a  b2
2

Note : Lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0

c
p=
a 1 b1
a 2  b2 are parallel  
a 2 b2
6. Position of a point relative to a line 7.2 Perpendicular Lines :
(i) The point (x1, y1) lies on the line ax + by + c = 0 Two lines are perpendicular, then angle between
them is 90º
if, ax1+ by1 + c = 0
m1  m 2
(ii) If P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) do not lie on the line  = tan90º = 
1  m1m 2
ax + by + c = 0 then they are on the same side
of the line, if ax1+by1+ c and ax2 + by2 +c are of  m1m2 = –1
the same sign and they lie on the opposite sides Note : Lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
of line if ax1 + by1 + c and ax2 + by2 + c are of
are perpendicular then a1a2 + b1b2 = 0
the opposite sign.
7.3 Coincident Lines :
(iii) (x1, y1) is on origin or non origin sides of the
Two lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
line ax + by + c = 0 if ax1 + by1 + c = 0 and
a1 b1 c1
c are of the same or opposite signs. are coincident only and only if   
a 2 b2 c2
7. Angle between two Straight lines
8. Equation of Parallel & Perpendicular
The angle between two straight lines lines
y = m1x + c1 and y = m2x + c2 is given by

IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 4

 (i) Equation of a line which is parallel to (ii) Distance between two non parallel lines is
ax + by + c = 0 is ax + by + k = 0 always zero.
(ii) Equation of a line which is perpendicular to
ax + by + c = 0 is bx – ay + k = 0 11. Condition of Concurrency
The value of k in both cases is obtained with Three lines a1x + b1y + c1= 0, a2x + b2y + c2= 0 and
the help of additional information given
a3x + b3y + c3 = 0 are said to be concurrent, if they
in the problem.
passes through a same point. The condition for their
9. Equation of Straight lines through concurrency is
(X1, Y1) making an angle a with = mx + c
a1 b1 c1
Y P(x1y1) a2 b2 c2 = 0
 a3 b3 c3

Again, to test the concurrency of three lines, first

 find out the point of intersection of any two of the
three lines. If this point lies on the remaining lines
O X then the three lines are concurrent.
y = mx + c
Note : If P = 0, Q = 0, R = 0 the equation of any three
m  tan  line and P + Q + R = 0 the line are concurrent. But
y – y1 = (x – x1)
1  m tan  its converse is not true i.e. if the line are concurrent
then it is not necessary that P + Q + R = 0
10. Length of Perpendicular
12. Bisector of Angle between two
The length P of the perpendicular from the point Straight line
(x1, y1) on the line ax + by + c = 0 is given by
(i) Equation of the bisector of angles between the
ax 1  by1  c
P= lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are
a 2  b2
a1x  b1 y  c1 a 2x  b2 y  c2
Note : =
a12  b12 a 22  b 22
(i) Length of perpendicular from origin on the
line ax + by + c = 0 is c / a 2  b 2
(ii) To discriminate between the acute angle
(ii) Length of perpendicular from the point
bisector and the obtuse angle bisector : If  be
(x1, y1) on the line x cos  + y sin  = p is -
the angle between one of the lines and one of
x1cos  + y1 sin  = p the bisector, find tan. If |tan| < 1 then 2 < 90º
10.1 Distance between Two Parallel Lines : so that this bisector is the acute angle bisector,
The distance between two parallel lines If |tan| > 1, then we get the bisector to be the
ax + by + c1 = 0 and ax + by + c2 = 0 is obtuse angle bisector.
(iii) First write the equation of the lines so that
c1  c 2
the constant terms are positive. Then
a 2  b2
(a) If a1a2 + b1b2 > 0 then on taking positive sign
Note : in the above bisectors equation we shall get
(i) Distance between two parallel lines the obtuse angle bisector and on taking
ax + by + c1 = 0 and kax + kby + c2 = 0 is negative sign we shall get the acute angle
bisector.
c2
c1 
k
a 2  b2
IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 5
 (b) If a1a2 + b1b2 < 0, the positive sign give the with the help of the additional information given in
acute angle and negative sign gives the obtuse the problem.
angle bisector.
(c) On taking positive sign we shall get equation of
the bisector of the angle which contains the
origin and negative sign gives the equation of
the bisector which does not contain origin.
Note : This is also the bisector of the angle in which
origin lies (since c1, c2 are positive and it has been
obtained by taking positive sign)

13. Lines passing through the point of

intersection of two lines
If equation of two lines P = a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and
Q = a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, then the equation of the lines
passing through the point of intersection of
these lines is P + Q = 0 or (a1x + b1y + c = 0) +
(a2x + b2y + c2 = 0) = 0; Value of  is obtained

IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 6

 SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex.1 The equation of the line which passes through Ex.3 If the intercept made by the line between the
the point (3, 4) and the sum of its intercept on axes is bisected at the point (x1, y1), then its
the axes is 14, is - equation
(A) 4x – 3y = 24, x – y = 7 is -
(B) 4x + 3y = 24, x + y = 7 x y x y
(C) 4x + 3y + 24 = 0, x + y + 7 = 0 (A) + =2 (B) + =1
x1 y1 x1 y1
(D) 4x – 3y + 24 = 0, x – y + 7 = 0
x y 1
x y (C) + = (D) None of these
Sol. Let the equation of the line be  =1 ...(1) x1 y1 2
a b
This passes through (3, 4), therefore x y
Sol. Let the equations of the line be + = 1, then
3 4 a b
 =1 ...(2) the coordinates of point of intersection of this
a b
line and x-axis and y-axis are respectively (a, 0).
It is given that a + b = 14  b = 14 – a. Putting (0, b). Hence mid point of the intercept is
b = 14 – a in (2), we get (a/2, b/2).
3 4
+ =1  a2 – 13a + 42 = 0   a/2 = x1  a = 2x1 and b/2 = y1 
a b     b = 2y1
  (a – 7) (a – 6) = 0  a = 7, 6
Hence required equation of the line is
For a = 7, b = 14 – 7 = 7 and for a = 6,
b = 14 – 6 = 8. x y
+ =1
Putting the values of a and b in (1), we get the 2 x 1 2 y1
equations of the lines x y
  + =2 Ans. [A]
x y x y x1 y1
+ = 1 and + =1
7 7 6 8
or x + y = 7 and 4x + 3y = 24 Ans. [B] Ex.4 The distance of the point (2, 3) from the
line 2x –3y + 9 = 0 measured along a line
Ex.2 The length of the perpendicular from the origin x – y + 1 = 0, is -
to a line is 7 and the line makes an angle of
(A) 2 (B) 4 2
150º with the positive direction of y-axis. The
equation of the line is –
(C) 8 (D) 3 2
(A) 3 x + y = 14 (B) 3 x – y = 14
Sol. The slope of the line x – y + 1 = 0 is 1. So it
(C) 3 x + y + 14 = 0 (D) 3 x – y + 14 = 0 makes an angle of 45º with x-axis.
Sol. Here p = 7 and  = 30º The equation of a line passing through (2, 3)
y and making an angle of 45º is
150º
x2 y 3
= =r
30º cos 45º sin 45º
Q
 x  x1 y  y1 
 Using cos   sin   r 
60º
30º
x O A x
 
y co-ordinats of any point on this line are
 Equation of the required line is  r r 
(2 + rcos45º, 3 + r sin45º) or  2  ,3  
x cos30º + y sin 30º = 7
 2 2
3 1 If this point lies on the line 2x – 3y + 9 = 0,
or x +y× =7
2 2 3r
then 4 + r 2 – 9 – +9=0
or 3 x + y = 14 Ans. [A] 2
  r=4 2 .
So the required distance = 4 2 . Ans. [B]
IIT-JEE PREPRETION – MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 30
Ex.5 If x + 2y = 3 is a line and A(–1, 3); 1
Sol. Slope of the given lines are –1, –3, –
B(2, –3); C(4, 9) are three points, then - 3
(A) A is on one side and B, C are on other respectively
side of the line
1
(B) A, B are on one side and C is on other Let m1 = – , m2 = –1, m3 = –3
3
side of the line
1
(C) A, C on one side and B is no other side  1
1
of the line  tan A = 3  A = tan–1  
1
1  .1 2
(D) All three points are on one side of the line 3
Sol. Substituting the coordinates of points A, B and
1  3 1
C in the expression x + 2y – 3, we get tan B =  B = tan–1  
1  1.3 2
The value of expression for A is
= –1 + 6 – 3 = 2 > 0 1
 1
 4
The value of expression for B is and tan C = 3  C = tan–1   
=2–6–3=–7<0 1  3.
1  3
The value of expression for C is 3
= 4 + 18 – 3 = 19 > 0  A = B, Hence triangle is isosceles
  Signs of expressions for A, C are same triangle.
while for B, the sign of expression is different Ans.[C]
 A, C are on one side and B is on other side
of the line Ex.8 If A(–2,1), B(2,3) and C(–2,–4) are three points,
Ans. [C] then the angle between BA and BC is -
3 2
Ex.6 The equation of two equal sides of an isosceles (A) tan–1   (B) tan–1  
2 3
triangle are 7x – y + 3 = 0 and x + y – 3 = 0 and
its third side is passes through the point 7
(C) tan–1   (D) None of these
(1, –10). The equation of the third side is 4
(A) x – 3y – 31 = 0 but not 3x + y + 7 = 0 Sol. Let m1 and m2 be the slopes of BA and BC
(B) neither 3x + y + 7 = 0 nor x – 3y – 31 = 0 respectively. Then
(C) 3x = y + 7 = 0 or x – 3y – 31 = 0
3 1 2 1 4  3 7
(D) 3x + y + 7 = 0 but not x – 3y – 31 = 0 m1 = = = and m2 = =
2  (2) 4 2 22 4
Sol. Third side passes through (1, –10) so let its
equation be y + 10 = m(x –1) Let  be the angle between BA and BC. Then
If it makes equal angle, say  with given two 7 1

10
m 2  m1 2
sides, then tan  = = 4 2 = 8 =±
1  m1m 2 1  7  1 15 3
m  7 m  (1)
tan  = =  m = –3 or 1/3 4 2 8
1  7 m 1  m(1)
2
Hence possible equations of third side are  = tan–1  
3
1
y + 10 = –3(x–1) and y + 10 = (x – 1) Ans. [B]
3
or 3x + y + 7 = 0 and x – 3y – 31 = 0
Ans.[C] Ex.9 The area of the parallelogram formed by the
lines 4y – 3x = 1, 4y – 3x – 3 = 0, 3y – 4x + 1 = 0,
Ex.7 Triangle formed by lines x + y = 0, 3x + y = 4 3y – 4x + 2 = 0 is -
and x + 3y = 4 is - (A) 3/8 (B) 2/7
(A) equilateral (B) right angled (C) 1/6 (D) None of these
(C) isosceles (D) None of these
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 31
Sol. Let the equation of sides AB, BC, CD and DA Now equation of line perpendicular to lines
of parallelogram ABCD are respectively 5x – y = 1 is x + 5y = k
3 1 3 3 Putting x = 0, y = = b, y = 0, x = k = a
y= x+ ...(1); y= x+ ...(2)
4 4 4 4 1
  k. k/5 = 5 from ... (1)
4 1 4 2 2
y= x– ...(3); y= x– ...(4)
3 3 3 3 k2 = 50  k = 5 2
3 4 1 3
Here m = , n = , a = , b = , Hence the required line is x + 5y = ± 5 2
4 3 4 4
Ans.[C]
1 2
c=– ,d=–
3 3
Note : Trace the line approximately and try to make
   Area of parallelogram ABCD
use of given material as per the question.
 1 3  1 2 
     
(a  b)( c  d)  4 4  3 3 
= = Ex.12 The sides AB, BC, CD and DA of a quadrilateral
mn 3 4
 have the equations x + 2y = 3, x = 1, x – 3y = 4,
4 3
5x + y + 12 = 0 respectively, then the angle
1 1
  between the diagonals AC and BD is -
2
= 2 3 = Ans. [B] (A) 60º (B) 45º
7 7
 (C) 90º (D) None of these
12
Sol. Solving for A,
x + 2y – 3 = 0
Ex.10 The equation of a line parallel to ax + by + c = 0
5x + y + 12 = 0
and passing through the point (c, d) is -
x y 1
(A) a(x + c) – b(y + d) = 0  = =
(B) a(x + c) + b(y + d) = 0  24  3  15  12  9
(C) a(x – c) + b(y – d) = 0   A (–3, 3)
(D) None of these Similarly B(1,1), C(1, –1), D( –2, –2)
Sol. Equation of a line parallel to ax + by + c = 0 is Now m1 = slope of AC = – 1
written as m2 = slope of BD = 1
ax + by + k = 0 ...(1)
m1m2 = –1  the angle required is 90º
f it passes through (c, d), then
ac + bd + k = 0 ...(2) Ans. [C]
Subtracting (2) and (1), we get
a(x – c) + b(y – d) = 0 Ex.13 If the lines ax + by + c = 0, bx + cy + a = 0 and
Which is the required equation of the line. cx + ay + b = 0 are concurrent, then -
Ans.[C] (A) a – b – c = 0 (B) a + b + c = 0
(C) b + c – a = 0 (D) a + b – c = 0
Ex.11 A straight line L perpendicular to the line a b c
5x – y = 1. The area of the triangle formed by Sol. If the lines are concurrent, then b c a = 0
the line L and co-ordinates axes is 5, then the c a b
equation of line, is -
 3abc – a3 – b3 – c3 = 0
(A) x + 5y = ± 5 (B) x + 5y = ± 2
  (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca) = 0
(C) x + 5y = ± 5 2 (D) None of these  (a + b + c) [(a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2] = 0
Sol. Let the line L cut the axes at A and B say.   a+b+c=0
OA = a, OB = b
[ (a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2  0] Ans. [B]
1
  Area  OAB = ab = 5 ...(1)
2
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 32
Ex.14 The vertices of OBC are respectively (0, 0),
(–3, –1) and (–1, –3). The equation of line Sol. Let equation of variable line is
parallel to BC and at a distance 1/2 from ax + by + c = 0 ...(1)
O which intersects OB and OC is - Now sum of perpendicular distance
(A) 2x + 2y + 2 = 0 (B) 2x – 2y + 2 = 0 2a  c 2b  c abc
+ + =0
(C) 2x + 2y – 2 = 0 (D) None of these a 2  b2 a 2  b2 a 2  b2
3  1   a+b+c=0 … (2)
Sol. Slope of BC = =–1 on subtracting (2) from (1), we get
1 3
Now equation of line parallel to BC is a(x – 1) + b(y – 1) = 0
y=–x+ky+x=k Which obviously passes through a fixed point
Now length of perpendicular from O on this line P(1, 1). Ans. [A]

k 1 2
=+ = k=– Ex.17 The bisector of the acute angle between the
2 2 2 lines 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 and 12x + 5y – 2 = 0, is
 Equation of required line is (A) 11x + 3y – 9 = 0
2x + 2y + 2 = 0 Ans. [A] (B) 21x + 77y – 101 = 0
(C) 11x – 3y + 9 = 0
Ex.15 The equation of a line through the point of (D) None of these
intersection of the lines x – 3y + 1 = 0 and Sol. Here equation of bisectors
2x + 5y – 9 = 0 and whose distance from the 3x  4 y  7 12x  5y  2
=±
5 13
origin is 5 , is -
Which give, 11x – 3y + 9 = 0 and
(A) 2x + y – 5 = 0 (B) 2x – y + 5 = 0
21x + 77y – 101 = 0
(C) 2x + y – 10 = 0 (D) 2x – y – 10 = 0
Now angle between the line 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 and
Sol. Let the required line by method P + Q = 0 be
one bisector 11x – 3y + 9 = 0 is
(x – 3y + 1) + ( 2x + 5y – 9) = 0
 9  44 35
 perpendicular from (0, 0) = 5 gives |tan | = = <1
33  12 45
1  9 Hence the bisector is the required.
= 5,
(1  2)  (5  3)
2 2
11x – 3y + 9 = 0 Ans.[C]
squaring and simplifying (8 – 7)2 = 0 
Ex.18 The equation of two straight lines through (7, 9)
   = 7/ 8
and making an angle of 60º with the line
Hence the line required is
(x – 3y + 1) + 7/8 (2x + 5y – 9) = 0 x – 3 y – 2 3 = 0 is -
or 22x + 11y – 55 = 0  2x + y – 5 = 0 (A) x = 7, x + 3y=7+9 3
Ans.[A]
(B) x = 3 , x + 3 y = 7 + 9 3
Note: Here to find the point of intersection is not (C) x = 7, x – 3 y = 7 + 9 3
necessary.
(D) x = 3 , x – 3 y = 7+ 9 3

Ex.16 A variable line passes through the fixed point P. Sol. We know that the equations of two straight lines
If the algebraic sum of perpendicular distances which pass through a point (x1, y1) and make
of the points (2, 0); (0, 2) and (1, 1) from the a given angle  with the given straight line
line is zero, then P is - y = mx + c are
(A) (1,1) (B) (1, –1) m  tan 
y – y1 = (x – x1)
(C) (2, 2) (D) None of these 1  m tan 

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 33

 Here x1 = 7, y1 = 9,  = 60º and m = slope of

the line x – 3 y – 2 3 = 0
Ex.20 If the sides of triangle are x + y – 5 = 0, x – y + 1
1 = 0 and y – 1 = 0, then its circumcentre is -
So, m =
3 (A) (2, 1) (B) (2, –2)
So, the equation of the required lines are (C) (1, 2) (D) (1, –2)
1 Sol. Here the sides x + y – 5 = 0 and x – y + 1 are
 tan 60º
perpendicular to each other, therefore y = 1 will
y–9= 3 (x – 7)
1 be hypotenuse of the triangle. Now its middle
1 tan 60º
3 point will be the circumcentre.
1 Now solving the pair of equations
 tan 60º
3 x + y – 5 = 0, y – 1 = 0
and y – 9 = (x – 7)
1 and x – y + 1 = 0, y – 1 = 0, we get
1 tan 60º
3 P  (4, 1), Q  (0, 1)
Mid point of PQ or circumcentre = (2, 1)
 1   1 
or (y – 9) 1  tan 60º  =   tan 60º  (x – 7) Ans. [A]
 3   3 
 1   1  Ex.21 If P1 and P2 be perpendicular from the origin
and (y –9) 1  tan 60º  =   tan 60º  (x – 7)
 3   3  upon the straight lines xsec + ycosec = a and
xcos – ysin = acos2 respectively, then the
 1  value of 4P12 + P22 is -
or 0 =   3  (x –7)  x – 7 = 0
 3  (A) a2 (B) 2a2
(C) 3a 2 (D) 4a2
 1 
and (y – 9)2 =   3  (x – 7)  x + 3 y Sol. We have P1 = length of perpendicular from
 3 
(0, 0) on x sec  + y cosec  = a
=7+9 3 a
i.e. P1 = = a sin cos
Hence the required lines are x = 7 and x + 3 y sec   cos ec 2 
2

=7+9 3 Ans. [A] a

= sin 2 or 2P1 = a sin 2
2
Ex.19 If the lines x + 2ay + a = 0, x + 3by + b = 0 and P2 = Length of the perpendicular from (0, 0) on
x + 4cy + c = 0 are concurrent, then x cos  – y sin  = a cos 2
a, b and c are in a cos 2
P2 = = a cos 2
(A) A.P. (B) G.P.
cos 2   sin 2 
(C) H.P. (D) None of these
4P12 + P22 = a2 sin2 2 + a2 cos2 2 = a2
Sol. Given lines will be concurrent if
Ans.[A]
1 2a a
1 3b b = 0  –bc + 2ac – ab = 0 
1 4c c
2ac
  b=
ac
 a,b,c are in H.P. Ans.[C]

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 34

 LEVEL-1
(C) 3y=x+2 3 (D) y = 3 x + 2
Question Slope of a Line & Different forms of
based on Equation of Straight Line
Q.1 The angle made by the line joining the points Q.9 The equation of a line passing through the
(1, 0) and (–2, 3 ) with x axis is - origin and the point (a cos, a sin ) is-
(A) 120º (B) 60º (C) 150º (D) 135º (A) y = x sin  (B) y = x tan  
 (C) y = x cos   (D) y = x cot 

Q.2 If A(2,3), B(3,1) and C(5,3) are three points,
then the slope of the line passing through Q.10 Slope of a line which cuts intercepts of equal
A and bisecting BC is - lengths on the axes is -
(A) 1/2 (B) –2 (C) –1/2 (D) 2 (A) –1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 3

Q.3 If the vertices of a triangle have integral Q.11 The intercept made by line x cos + y sin = a
coordinates, then the triangle is - on y axis is -
(A) Isosceles (B) Never equilateral (A) a (B) a cosec
(C) Equilateral (D) None of these
(C) a sec (D) a sin

Q.4 The equation of a line passing through the Q.12 The equation of the straight line which passes
point (–3, 2) and parallel to x-axis is - through the point (1, –2) and cuts off equal
(A) x – 3 = 0 (B) x + 3 = 0
intercepts from axes will be-
(C) y – 2 = 0 (D) y + 2 = 0
(A) x + y =1 (B) x – y = 1
(C) x + y + 1 = 0 (D) x – y – 2 = 0
Q.5 If the slope of a line is 2 and it cuts an intercept

– 4 on y-axis, then its equation will be - Q.13 The intercept made by a line on y-axis is double
(A) y – 2x = 4 (B) x = 2y – 4 to the intercept made by it on x-axis. If it passes
(C) y = 2x – 4 (D) None of these
through (1, 2) then its equation-
(A) 2x + y = 4 (B) 2x + y + 4 = 0
Q.6 The equation of the line cutting of an intercept
(C) 2x – y = 4 (D) 2x – y + 4 = 0
–3 from the y-axis and inclined at an angle 
tan–1 3/5 to the x axis is - Q.14 If the point (5, 2) bisects the intercept of a line
(A) 5y – 3x + 15 = 0 (B) 5y – 3x = 15 between the axes, then its equation is-
(C) 3y – 5x + 15 = 0 (D) None of these (A) 5x + 2y = 20 (B) 2x + 5y = 20
(C) 5x – 2y = 20 (D) 2x – 5y = 20
Q.7 If the line y = mx + c passes through the 
points (2, 4) and (3, –5), then - Q.15 If the point (3,–4) divides the line between the
(A) m = –9, c = –22 (B) m = 9, c = 22 x-axis and y-axis in the ratio 2 : 3 then the
(C) m = –9, c = 22 (D) m = 9, c = –22 equation of the line will be -
(A) 2x + y = 10 (B) 2x – y = 10
Q.8 The equation of the line inclined at an angle
(C) x + 2y = 10 (D) x – 2y = 10
of 60º with x-axis and cutting y-axis at the 
point (0, –2) is - Q.16 The equation to a line passing through the
(A) 3y=x–2 3 (B) y = 3 x – 2 point (2, –3) and sum of whose intercept on
the axes is equal to –2 is -
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 35
 (A) x + y + 2 = 0 or 3x + 3y = 7 2 2 3 2
(B) x + y + 1 = 0 or 3x – 2y = 12 (A) (B)
3 2
(C) x + y + 3 = 0 or 3x – 3y = 5
(C) 3 (D) 2
(D) x – y + 2 = 0 or 3x + 2y = 12
Q.17 The line bx + ay = 3ab cuts the coordinate axes Q.23 A line passes through the point (1, 2) and makes
60º angle with x axis. A point on this line at a
at A and B, then centroid of OAB is-
distance 3 from the point (1, 2) is -
(A) (b, a) (B) (a, b)
(A) (–5/2, 2 – 3 3 /2) (B) (3/2, 2+ 3 3 /2)
(C) (a/3, b/3) (D) (3a, 3b)
(C) (5/2, 2 + 3 3 /2) (D) None of these
Q.18 The area of the triangle formed by the lines 
x = 0, y = 0 and x/a + y/b = 1 is- Q.24 If the points (1, 3) and (5, 1) are two opposite
(A) ab (B) ab/2 vertices of a rectangle and the other two vertices
lie on the line y = 2x + c, then the value of c is -
(C) 2ab (D) ab/3
(A) 4 (B) – 4
(C) 2 (D) None of these
Q.19 The equations of the lines on which the
perpendiculars from the origin make 30º angle Question
Angle between two Straight Lines
based on
with x-axis and which form a triangle of area
50
with axes, are - Q.25 The angle between the lines y – x + 5 = 0
3
and 3 x – y + 7 = 0 is -
(A) x ± 3 y – 10 = 0 (A) 15º (B) 60º
(B) 3 x + y –10 = 0 (C) 45º (D) 75º

(C) x + 3 y ± 10 = 0
Q.26 The angle between the lines 2x + 3y = 5 and
(D) None of these 3x – 2y = 7 is -
(A) 45º (B) 30º
Q.20 If a perpendicular drawn from the origin on any (C) 60º (D) 90º
line makes an angle 60º with x axis. If the
line makes a triangle with axes whose area is Q.27 The angle between the lines 2x – y + 5 = 0 and
3x + y + 4 = 0 is-
54 3 square units, then its equation is -
(A) 30º (B) 90º
(A) x + 3 y = 18 (C) 45º (D) 60º
(B) 3 x + y + 18 = 0
Q.28 The obtuse angle between the line y = – 2 and
(C) 3 x + y = 18 y = x + 2 is -
(D) None of these (A) 120º (B) 135º
(C) 150º (D) 160º
Q.21 For a variable line x/a + y/b = 1, a + b = 10, the
locus of mid point of the intercept of this line Q.29 The acute angle between the lines y = 3 and
between coordinate axes is - y = 3 x + 9 is -
(A) 10x + 5y = 1 (B) x + y = 10 (A) 30º (B) 60º
(C) x + y = 5 (D) 5x + 10 y = 1 (C) 45º (D) 90º

Q.22 If a line passes through the point P(1,2) makes Q.30 Orthocenter of the triangle whose sides are
given by 4x – 7y + 10 = 0, x + y – 5 = 0 &
an angle of 45º with the x-axis and meets the
7x + 4y – 15 = 0 is -
line x + 2y – 7 = 0 in Q, then PQ equals -
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 36
 (A) (–1, –2) (B) (1, –2) Q.38 The equation of the line passing through the
(C) (–1, 2) (D) (1, 2) point (c, d) and parallel to the line ax + by + c = 0
is -
(A) a(x + c) + b(y + d) = 0
 (B) a(x + c) – b(y + d) = 0
Q.31 The angle between the lines x – 3y + 5 = 0 (C) a(x – c) + b(y – d) = 0
and y-axis is - (D) None of these
(A) 90º (B) 60º Q.39 The equation of a line passing through the
(C) 30º (D) 45º point (a, b) and perpendicular to the line
ax + by + c = 0 is -
Q.32 If the lines mx + 2y + 1 = 0 and 2x + 3y + 5 = 0 (A) bx – ay + (a2 – b2) = 0
are perpendicular then the value of m is - (B) bx – ay – (a2 – b2) = 0
(A) –3 (B) 3 (C) –1/3 (D) 1/3 (C) bx – ay = 0
 (D) None of these
Q.33 If the line passing through the points (4, 3) and
(2, ) is perpendicular to the line y = 2x + 3, Q.40 The line passes through (1, –2) and perpendicular
then  is equal to - to y-axis is -
(A) 4 (B) –4 (A) x + 1 = 0 (B) x – 1 = 0
(C) 1 (D) –1 (C) y – 2 = 0 (D) y + 2 = 0

Q.34 The equation of line passing through (2, 3) and Q.41 The equation of a line passing through (a, b)
perpendicular to the line adjoining the points and parallel to the line x/a + y/b = 1 is -
(–5, 6) and (–6, 5) is - (A) x/a + y/b = 0 (B) x/a + y/b = 2
(A) x + y + 5 = 0 (B) x – y + 5 = 0 (C) x/a + y/b = 3 (D) x/a + y/b + 2 = 0
(C) x – y – 5 = 0 (D) x + y – 5 = 0
 Q.42 A line is perpendicular to 3x + y = 3 and passes
Q.35 The equation of perpendicular bisector of the through a point (2, 2). Its y intercept is -
line segment joining the points (1, 2) and (A) 2/3 (B) 1/3
(–2, 0) is - (C) 1 (D) 4/3
(A) 5x + 2y =1 (B) 4x + 6y = 1
(C) 6x + 4y =1 (D) None of these Q.43 The equation of a line parallel to 2x – 3y = 4

which makes with the axes a triangle of area
Q.36 If the foot of the perpendicular from the origin 12 units, is -
to a straight line is at the point (3, –4). Then the (A) 3x + 2y = 12 (B) 2x – 3y = 12
equation of the line is - (C) 2x – 3y = 6 (D) 3x + 2y = 6
(A) 3x – 4y = 25 (B) 3x – 4y + 25 = 0
Q.44 The equation of a line parallel to x + 2y = 1 and
(C) 4x + 3y –25 = 0 (D) 4x – 3y + 25 = 0
passing through the point of intersection
of the lines x – y = 4 and 3x + y = 7 is -
Question
based on Equation of Parallel and Perpendicular lines (A) x + 2y = 5 (B) 4x + 8y – 1 = 0
(C) 4x + 8y + 1 = 0 (D) None of these
Q.37 Equation of the line passing through the point
(1, –1) and perpendicular to the line 2x – 3y = 5 Q.45 The straight line L is perpendicular to the line
5x – y = 1. The area of the triangle formed by
is -
the line L and coordinate axes is 5. Then the
(A) 3x + 2y – 1 = 0 (B) 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 equation of the line will be -
(C) 3x + 2y – 3 = 0 (D) 3x + 2y + 5 = 0
(A) x + 5y = 5 2 or x + 5y = – 5 2
(B) x – 5y = 5 2 or x – 5y = 5 2
(C) x + 4y = 5 2 or x– 2y = 5 2

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 37

 (D) 2x + 5y = 5 2 or x + 5y = 5 2 Q.51 The length of the perpendicular from the origin
on the line 3 x – y + 2 = 0 is -
Q.46 If (0, 0), (–2, 1) and (5, 2) are the vertices of a (A) 3 (B) 1
triangle, Then equation of line passing through
(C) 2 (D) 2.5
its centroid and parallel to the line x – 2y = 6 is-
(A) x – 2y = 1 (B) x + 2y + 1 = 0 Q.52 The length of perpendicular from (2, 1) on line
(C) x – 2y = 0 (D) x – 2y + 1 = 0 3x – 4y + 8 = 0 is-
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2
Q.47 The equation of the line which passes through
(a cos3, a sin3) and perpendicular to the line
Q.53 The length of perpendicular from the origin on
x sec + ycosec = a is -
(A) x cos + y sin = 2a cos2 the line x/a + y/b = 1 is -
(B) x sin – y cos = 2a sin2 b a
(A) (B)
(C) x sin + y cos = 2a cos2 a 2  b2 a 2  b2
(D) xcos – y sin = a cos2
ab
 (C) (D) None of these
Equation of straight lines through a  b2
2

Question
based on
(x1, y1) making an angle  with
y = mx + c Q.54 The distance between the lines 5x + 12y + 13 = 0
 and 5x + 12y = 9 is -
Q.48 The equation of the lines which passes through
(A) 11/13 (B) 22/17
the point (3,–2) and are inclined at 60º to the
(C) 22/13 (D) 13/22
line 3 x + y = 1.
Q.55 The distance between the parallel lines
(A) y + 2 = 0, 3x–y–2–3 3=0
y = 2x + 4 and 6x = 3y + 5 is -
(B) 3x–y–2–3 3 =0
(A) 17/ 3 (B) 1
(C) x – 2 = 0, 3x–y+2+3 3 =0
(C) 3/ 5 (D) 17 5 /15
(D) None of these

Q.49 (1, 2) is vertex of a square whose one diagonal Q.56 The foot of the perpendicular drawn from the
is along the x – axis. The equations of sides point (7, 8) to the line 2x + 3y – 4 = 0 is -
passing through the given vertex are -  23 2   23 
(A) 2x – y = 0, x + 2y + 5 = 0 (A)  ,  (B) 13, 
 13 13   13 
(B) x – 2y + 3 = 0, 2x + y – 4 = 0
(C) x – y + 1 = 0, x + y – 3 = 0  23 2   2 23 
(C)   ,  (D)   , 
(D) None of these  13 13   13 13 

Q.50 The equation of the lines which pass through the Q.57 The coordinates of the point Q symmetric to
origin and are inclined at an angle tan–1 m to the the point P(–5, 13) with respect to the line
line y = mx + c, are- 2x – 3y – 3 = 0 are -
(A) y = 0, 2mx + (1 – m2 )y = 0 (A) (11, –11) (B) (5, –13)
(B) y = 0, 2mx + (m2 –1)y = 0 (C) (7, –9) (D) (6, –3)
(C) x = 0, 2mx + (m2 –1)y = 0
(D) None of these Question Lines passing through the Point of
based on
Intersection of two lines
Length of Perpendicular, foot of the
Question
based on
perpendicular & image of the point Q.58 The line passing through the point of
with respect to line intersection of lines x + y – 2 = 0 and
2x – y + 1 = 0 and origin is -
(A) 5x – y = 0 (B) 5x + y = 0
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 38
 (C) x + 5y = 0 (D) x – 5y = 0

Q.59 The equation of the line through the point of

intersection of the line y = 3 and x + y = 0 and
parallel to the line 2x – y = 4 is -
(A) 2x – y + 9 = 0 (B) 2x – y – 9 = 0
(C) 2x – y + 1 = 0 (D) None of these

Q.60 The equation of the line passing through the Q.65 If the lines ax + 2y + 1 = 0, bx + 3y + 1 = 0,
point of intersection of the line 4x – 3y – 1 = 0 cx + 4y + 1 = 0 are concurrent, then a, b, c are
and 5x – 2y – 3 = 0 and parallel to the line in -
2x – 3y + 2 = 0 is - (A) AP (B) GP
(A) x – 3y = 1 (B) 3x – 2y = 1 (C) HP (D) None
(C) 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 (D) 2x – y = 1

Q.61 The equation of a line perpendicular to the line Q.66 Find the fix point through which the line
5x – 2y + 7 = 0 and passing through the point of x(a + 2b) + y(a + 3b) = a + b always passes for
intersection of lines y = x + 7 and x + 2y + 1 = 0, all values of a and b -
is - (A) (2, 1) (B) (1, 2)
(A) 2x + 5y = 0 (B) 2x + 5y = 20 (C) (2, –1) (D) (1, –2)
(C) 2x + 5y = 10 (D) None of these

Q.62 The equation of straight line passing through the Question

point of intersection of the lines x – y + 1 = 0 based on Bisector of Angle between two Lines
and 3x + y – 5 = 0 and perpendicular to one of
them is - Q.67 The equation of the bisector of the angle
(A) x + y –3 = 0 or x – 3y + 5 = 0 between the lines 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 and
12x – 5y – 8 = 0 is -
(B) x – y + 3 = 0 or x + 3y + 5 = 0
(A) 99x –77y + 51 = 0, 21x + 27y – 131 = 0
(C) x – y – 3 = 0 or x + 3y – 5 = 0
(B) 99x –77y + 51 = 0, 21x + 27y + 131 = 0
(D) x + y + 3 = 0 or x + 3y + 5 = 0
(C) 99x –77y + 131 = 0, 21x + 27y – 51 = 0
Question
(D) None of these
based on Condition of concurrency
Q.68 The equation of the bisector of the acute angle
between the lines 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 and
Q.63 If a, b, c are in A.P., then ax + by + c = 0 will
12x + 5y – 2 = 0 is-
always pass through a fixed point whose (A) 11x – 3y – 9 = 0
coordinates are - (B) 11x – 3y + 9 = 0
(A) (1, –2) (B) (–1, 2) (C) 21x + 77y – 101 = 0
(C) (1, 2) (D) (–1, –2) (D) None of these

Q.64 The straight lines ax + by + c = 0 where

3a + 2b + 4c = 0 are concurrent at the point
(A) (1/2, 3/4) (B) (3/4, 1/2)
(C) (–3/4, –1/2) (D) (–3/4, 1/2)

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 39

 LEVEL-2
 2m   2  m2 
Q.1 The area of the parallelogram formed by the (A) tan–1  2  (B) tan–1  2 
   m2     m2 
lines 4y – 3x = 1, 4y – 3x – 3 = 0, 3y – 4x + 1 = 0,  
3y – 4x + 2 = 0 is - (C) /2 (D) /3
(A) 3/8 (B) 2/7
(C) 1/6 (D) None of these Q.8 In the equation y – y1 = m(x – x1) if m and
x1 are fixed and different lines are drawn for
Q.2 If the intercept of a line between coordinate
different values of y1, then; (where m ) –
axes is bisected at the point (2, 2), then its
equation is – (A) There will be one line only
(A) x + y = 4 (B) 2x + y = 6 (B) There will be a set of parallel lines
(C) x + 2y = 6 (D) 3x – y = 4 (C) The lines will pass through the single point
(D) None of these
Q.3 If sides of a triangle are y = mx + a, y = nx + b
and x = 0, then its area is - Q.9 If the coordinates of the points A, B, C be
(–1, 5), (0, 0) and (2,2) respectively and D be
1(a  b) 2 1 (a  b ) 2
(A) (B) the middle point of BC, then the equation of the
2(m  n ) 2 mn
perpendicular drawn from B to the line AD is -
1(a  b) 2 (A) 2x + y = 0 (B) x + 2y = 0
(C) (D) None of these
2(m  n ) (C) x – 2y = 0 (D) 2x – y = 0

Q.4 A variable line passes through a fixed point Q.10 If p and q are length of the perpendiculars from
(a, b) and meets the co-ordinates axes in A and the origin on the lines x sec  + y cosec  = a
B. The locus of the point of intersection of lines and x cos  – y sin  = a cos 2, then 4p2 + q2
through A, B parallel to coordinate axes is -
equals -
(A) x/a + y/b = 2 (B) a/x + b/y = 1
(A) 2a2 (B) a2 (C) 3a2 (D) 4a2
(C) x/a + y/b = 1 (D) x/a + y/b = 3
Q.11 The lines PQ whose equation is x – y = 2 cuts
Q.5 The straight line x = a and x2 – 3y2 = 0 encloses
the x axis at P and Q is (4, 2). The line PQ is
a triangle which is -
rotated about P through 45º in the anticlockwise
(A) isosceles (B) Right angled
direction. The equation of the line PQ in the
(C) equilateral (D) None of these
new position is -
Q.6 A straight line cuts intercepts from the (A) y = – 2 (B) y = 2
coordinate axes sum of whose reciprocals is1/p. (C) x = 2 (D) x = – 2
It passes through a fixed point -
(A) (1/p,p) (B) (p,1/p) Q.12 If one diagonal of a rhombus is x – 2y = 1, then
(C) (1/p,1/p) (D) (p, p) other diagonal will be -
(A) x + 2y = 1 (B) 2x – y = 3
Q.7 The diagonal of the parallelogram whose sides are
(C) 2x + y = 3 (D) x – 2y = 4
x + my + n = 0, x + my + n=0, mx + y+ n = 0,

mx+ y+ n= 0 include an angle -

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 40

Q.13 If the three lines p1x + q1y = 1, p2x + q2y = 1 Q.19 The point P (a, b) lies on the straight line
and p3x + q3y = 1 are concurrent, then the points 3x + 2y = 13 and the point Q (b, a) lies on the
(p1, q1 ), (p2, q2 ) and (p3, q3 ) are - straight line 4x – y = 5, then the equation of line
(A) vertices of right angle triangle PQ is-
(B) vertices of an equilateral triangle (A) x – y = 5 (B) x + y = 5
(C) vertices of isosceles triangle (C) x + y = –5 (D) x – y = –5
(D) collinear

Q.14 The points on the line x + y = 4 which lie at a

unit distance from the line 4x + 3y = 10, are - Q.20 If a + b + c = 0 and p  0, the lines
(A) (3, 1), (–7, 11) (B) (–3, 1), (–7, 11) ax + (b + c) y = p, bx + (c + a) y = p and
(C) (3, 1), (7, 11) (D) (1, 3), (–7, 11) cx + (a + b) y = p
(A) Do not intersect (B) Intersect
(C) Are concurrent (D) None of these
Q.15 If the lines ax + by + c = 0, bx + cy + a = 0 and
cx + ay + b = 0 be concurrent, then - Q.21 The equation of the line joining the point (3, 5)
(A) a3 + b3 + c3 – abc = 0 to the point of intersection of the lines
(B) a3 + b3 + c3 + 3abc = 0 4x + y – 1 = 0 and 7x – 3y – 35 = 0 is
(C) a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 0 equidistant from the points (0, 0) and (8, 34)
(D) None of these (A) True
(B) False
Q.16 The equation to a pair of opposite sides (C) Nothing can be said
of a parallelogram are x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 and (D) None of these

y2 – 6y + 5 = 0. The equations to its diagonals

Q.22 A straight line passes through a fixed point
are -
(h, k). The locus of the foot of perpendicular on
(A) 4x + y = 13 and 4y = x – 7
it drawn from the origin is-
(B) x + 4y = 13 and y = 4x – 7
(A) x2 + y2 – hx – ky = 0
(C) 4x + y = 13 and y = 4x – 7 (B) x2 + y2 + hx + ky = 0
(D) y – 4x = 13 and y + 4x = 7 (C) 3x2 + 3y2 + hx – ky = 0
(D) None of these
Q.17 Find the fix point through which the
line (2cos + 3sin) x + (3cos – 5sin) y Q.23 The area bounded by the curves y = | x | – 1 and
y = – | x | + 1 is -
– (5cos – 2sin) = 0 passes for all values of -
(A) 1 (B) 2
(A) (0, 0) (B) (1, 1)
(C) (2, 1) (D) None of these (C) 2 2 (D) 4

Q.24 The point (a2, a + 1) lies in the angle between

Q.18 Variable line ax + by + c = 0 passes a fixed the lines 3x – y + 1 = 0 and x + 2y – 5 = 0
point if a, b and c are three consecutive odd containing the origin, then -
natural number, the fixed point is – (A) a  (0, 1) (B) a  1 or a  – 3
(A) (1, 1) (B) (2, –1) 1 
(C) a  (– 3, 0)   ,1 (D) None of these
(C) (1, –2) (D) None of these 3 

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 41

Q.25 In an isosceles triangle ABC, the coordinates of
the points B and C on the base BC are
respectively (2, 1) and (1, 2). If the equation of
1
the line AB is y = x, then the equation of the
2
line AC is -
(A) 2y = x + 3 (B) y = 2x
1
(C) y = (x – 1) (D) y = x – 1
2
Q.29 Let  be the distance between the lines
Q.26 The number of lines that are parallel to
–x + y = 2 and x – y = 2, and  be the distance
2x + 6y – 7 = 0 and have an intercept 10
between the lines 4x – 3y = 5 and 6y –8x = 1,
between the co-ordinate axis is
then
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 4 (D) Infinitely many (A) 20 2 = 11 (B) 20 2  = 11

(C) 11 2  = 20 (D) None of these

Q.27 The locus of the point of intersection of the
Q.30 Given vertices A(1,1), B(4, –2) and C(5,5) of a
lines 3 x – y – 4 3 k = 0 and
triangle, then the equation of the perpendicular
3 kx + ky – 4 3 = 0 for different value of k is dropped from C to the interior bisector of the
(A) Circle (B) Parabola angle A is
(C) Hyperbola (D) Ellipse (A) y – 5 = 0 (B) x – 5 = 0
(C) y + 5 = 0 (D) x + 5 = 0
Q.28 The lines x + (a – 1) y + 1 = 0 and
2x + a2y – 1 = 0 are perpendicular if
(A) | a | = 2 (B) 0 < a < 1
(C) –1 < a < 0 (D) a = –1

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 42

 LEVEL-3
Q.1 The incentre of the triangle formed by the axes Q.5 The sides of a triangle are x = 2, y + 1 = 0 and
x y x + 2y = 4. Its circumcentre is-
and the line  = 1 is -
a b (A) (4, 0) (B) (2, – 1)
a b (C) (0, 4) (D) (2, 3)
(A)  , 
2 2 Q.6 If r is the geometric mean of p and q, then the
line px + qy + r = 0 -
 ab ab 
(B)  ,  (A) has a fixed direction
 a  b  ab a  b  ab  (B) passes through a fixed point
(C) forms with the axes a triangle of constant
a b
(C)  ,  area
3 3
(D) sum of its intercepts on the axes is constant
 ab ab 
(D)  , 
If 16a2 – 40 ab + 25 b2 – c2 = 0, then the line
  Q.7
ab a b ab a b
2 2 2 2
 ax + by + c = 0 passes through the points -
(A) (4, – 5) and (– 4, 5)
Q.2 A straight line through the point (2, 2) intersects
(B) (5, – 4) and (– 5, 4)
the lines 3 x  y = 0 and 3 x  y = 0 at the (C) (1, – 1) and (– 1, 1)
point A & B. The equation to the line AB so (D) None of these
that triangle OAB is equilateral -
Q.8 The equations of two sides of a square whose
(A) x – 2 = 0 (B) x + y – 4 = 0 area is 25 square units are 3x – 4y = 0 and
(C) y – 2 = 0 (D) None of these 4x + 3y = 0. The equations of the other two
sides of the square are-
x y
Q.3  1 is a variable line such that (A) 3x – 4y ± 25 = 0, 4x + 3y ± 25 = 0
a b
(B) 3x – 4y ± 5 = 0 , 4x + 3y ± 5 = 0
1 1 1
2
 2
. The locus of the foot of (C) 3x – 4y ± 5 = 0 , 4x + 3y ± 25 = 0
a b k2
(D) none of these
perpendicular from origin to the line is-
(A) x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0 Q.9 The equation of base of an equilateral triangle is
(B) x2 + y2 + ax + by = a2 + b2 x + y = 2. The vertex is (2, –1) then area of
triangle is-
(C) x2 + y2 = k2
3 1 2
(D) x2 – y2 = 2k2 (A) 2 3 (B) (C) (D)
6 3 3
Q.4 If a ray traveling along the line x = 1 gets
Q. 10 ABCD is a square A  (1, 2), B  (3, –4). If line
reflected from the line x + y = 1 then the CD passes through (3, 8), then mid-point of CD
equation of the line along which the reflected is
ray travels is - (A) (2, 6) (B) (6, 2)
(A) y = 0 (B) x – y = 1  28 1 
(C) (2, 5) (D)  , 
(C) x = 0 (D) none of these  5 5

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 43

Q. 11 The line L has intercepts a and b on the (C) (1) is true but (2) is false
coordinate axes. When keeping the origin fixed, (D) (1) is false but (2) is true
the coordinate axes are rotated through a fixed
angle, then the same line has intercepts p and q
on the rotated axes. Then Q.15 Statement (1) : The st. lines 3x + 4y = 9 and
1 1 1 1 6x + 8y + 15 = 0 are parallel.
(A) a2 + b2 = p2 + q2 (B) 2 + 2 = 2 + 2
a b p q Statement (2) : They are on the opposite side of
1 1 1 1 the origin.
(C) a2 + p2 = b2 + q2 (D) 2
+ 2
= 2
+
a p b q2
Q. 12 A variable line drawn through the point (1, 3) Q.16 Statement (1) : Equation of the bisector of
meets the x- axis at A and y- axis at B. It the acute angle between the lines 4x – 3y + 7 = 0
rectangle OAPB is completed, where 'O' is the and 3x – 4y + 3 = 0 is x – y + 2 = 0.
origin, then locus of 'P' is- Statement (2): Any point on the bisector of the
1 3 two lines always equidistant from the given
(A) + =1 (B) x + 3y = 1 lines.
y x
1 3 Q.17 Three (or more) lines are said to be concurrent
(C) + =1 (D) 3x + y = 1
x y lines if all the lines pass through the same point.
Statement (1): If 3a –2 b + 5c = 0 then the
Q. 13 If we reduce 3x + 3y + 7 = 0 to the form
family of lines ax + by + c = 0 are concurrent.
x cos  + y sin  = p, then the value of p is Statement (2): If L1 = 0 and L2 = 0 are any two
7 7 non-parallel lines then L1 + L2 = 0 represents a
(A) (B)
2 3 3 set of lines through the intersection of L1 = 0
3 7 7 and L2 = 0, where  is a non-zero real number.
(C) (D)
2 3 2 Q.18 The line joining two points A(–3, 2) and
B(1, –2) make angle  with positive direction of
Q. 14 ax – by – a2 = 0, where a, b are non-zero, is the x- axis. Then
equation to the straight line perpendicular to a Statement (1): sin 2 cos 2 = 1
line  and passing through the point where  Statement (2): If a line makes angle  with
positive direction of x- axis then slope of line
crosses the x- axis. Then equation to the line  is
= tan 
x y x y 
(A) – =1 (B) + =1
b a a b Q.19 Statement (1): Area of triangle formed by line
x y x y 3x + 4y + 12 = 0 and coordinate axis is 6.
(C) + = ab (D) – = ab
b a a b Statement (2): Area of triangle formed by line
2C 2
Ax + By + C = 0 and coordinate axis is
Direction: Assertion/Reason type Question. | AB |
The following questions (Q. 15 to 24) given
below consist of an "Assertion" (1) and Q.20 Sides of a triangle are 2x – 3y – 1 = 0,
"Reason "(2) Type questions. Use the 3x + 2y – 5 = 0 and x + y – 1 = 0 then
Statement (1): Orthocentre of the triangle is (1, 1)
following key to choose the appropriate
Statement (2) : Orthocentre of a right angled
answer.
triangle is the vertex at which angle is right
(A) Both (1) and (2) are true and (2) is the
angle.
correct explanation of (1)
(B) Both (1) and (2) are true but (2) is not
the correct explanation of (1)
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 44
Q.21 Statement (1) : If p is length of perpendicular 6 3
(C)  > – (D) <
x y 7 4
from origin to the line + = 1 then a2, 2p2
a b
and b2 are in H.P. Q.27 M lies within ABC if
Statement (2) : If p is the perpendicular
6 6
x y (A) – <<4 (B) – 4 <  < –
distance of line + = 1 from (0, 0), then 7 7
a b
6 3
1 1 1 (C) – << (D) None of these
2
= 2
+ 2
7 2
p a b

Passage-2
Q.22 A pair of straight line drawn through the origin
Given the equations of two sides of a square as
form with the line 2x + 3y = 6 an isosceles,
5x + 12y – 10 = 0, 5x + 12y + 29 = 0. Also
right angled triangle then
given is a point M(–3, 5) lying on one of its
36 sides. Answer the following questions
Statement (1): Area of the triangle is
13
Statement (2): If ABC is a right angled Q.28 The number of possible squares must be
isosceles triangle right angled at A, and AD is (A) one (B) two
perpendicular from A to BC, then area of (C) four (D) None of these
ABC = (AD)2
Q.29 The area of the square must be
Q.23 Statement (1) : Area enclosed by the lines (A) 9 units (B) 6 units
represented by ± 2x ± 3y + 6 = 0 is 6.. (C) 5 units (D) None of these
Statement (2): Area enclosed by the lines
represented by equation ± ax ± by + c = 0 is Q.30 If the possible equations of the remaining sides
2c 2 is 12 x – 5y +  = 0 then  cannot be-
| ab | (A) 61 (B) 22
(C) 100 (D) 36
Q.24 Statement (1): Point (–1, –1) and (3, 7) lies on
the same side of line 3x – 8y – 7 = 0
Statement (2): If (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) lies on
same side of line ax + by + c = 0 then
ax 1  by1  c
> 0.
ax 2  by 2  c

Passage -1
A(0, 3), B (–2, 0) and C(6, 1) be the vertices of
a triangle and M( + 1) be a moving point
then
Q.25 M lies on the curve
(A) y = x + 1 (B) y = x2
(C) x = y + 1 (D) None of these

Q.26 If M and A lie on same side of BC then

(A)  > 2 (B)  < 2
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 45
 LEVEL-4
(Question asked in previous AIEEE and IIT-JEE)
Q.4 The line parallel to the x-axis and passing
through the intersection of the lines
SECTION –A
ax + 2by + 3b = 0 and bx – 2ay – 3a = 0, where
Q.1 A square of side a lies above the x- axis and has (a, b)  (0, 0) is - [AIEEE-2005]
one vertex at the origin. The side passing

through the origin makes an angle  (0 <  < )
4
(A) below the x-axis at a distance of 3/2 from it
with the positive direction of x- axis. The
(B) below the x-axis at a distance of 2/3 from it
equation of its diagonal not passing through the
(C) above the x-axis at a distance of 3/2 from it
origin is- [AIEEE 2003] (D) above the x-axis at a distance of 2/3 from it
(A) y (cos + sin) + x (cos  – sin) = a
Q.5 If non-zero numbers a, b, c are in H.P., then the
(B) y (cos – sin) –x (sin – cos) = a
x y 1
(C) y (cos  + sin ) + x (sin  – cos ) = a straight line + + = 0 always passes
a b c
(D) y (cos  + sin ) + x (sin  + cos ) = a
through a fixed point that point is –
[AIEEE-2005]
Q.2 Locus of centroid of the triangle whose vertices
(A) (–1, 2) (B) (–1, –2)
are (a cos t, a sin t), (b sin t, – b cos t) and (1, 0),
 1
where t is a parameter, is- [AIEEE 2003] (C) (1, – 2) (D) 1,  
 2
(A) (3x + 1)2 + (3y)2 = a2 – b2
(B) (3x– 1)2 + (3y)2 = a2 – b2 Q.6 A straight line through the point A(3, 4) is such
(C) (3x – 1)2 + (3y)2 = a2 + b2 that its intercept between the axes is bisected at
(D) (3x + 1)2 + (3y)2 = a2 + b2 A. Its equation is – [AIEEE 2006]
(A) 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 (B) 4x + 3y = 24
Q.3 The equation of the straight line passing through (C) 3x + 4y = 25 (D) x + y = 7
the point (4, 3) and making intercepts on the
Q.7 If (a, a2) falls inside the angle made by the lines
coordinate axes whose sum is – 1 is-
x
[AIEEE 2004] y= , x > 0 and y = 3x, x > 0, then a belongs to
2
x y x y
(A) + = – 1 and + =–1 [AIEEE 2006]
2 3 2 1
1 
x y x y (A) (3, ) (B)  , 3 
(B) – = – 1 and + =–1 2 
2 3 2 1
 1  1
x y x y (C)   3,  (D)  0, 
(C) + = 1 and + = 1  2  2
2 3 2 1
x y x y Q.8 The perpendicular bisector of the line segment
(D) – =1 and + =1
2 3 2 1 joining P(1, 4) and Q(k, 3) has y-intercept-4.
Then a possible value of k is -[AIEEE 2008]
IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 46
 (A) 2 (B) –2 Q.3 Orthocentre of the triangle whose vertices are A
(C) –4 (D) 1 (0, 0), B (3, 4) & C (4, 0) is : [IIT Scr. 2003]
 3  5
Q.9 The line p(p2 + 1) x – y + q = 0 and (A)  3,  (B)  3, 
 4  4
(p2 + 1)2 x + (p2 + 1)y + 2q = 0 are perpendicular
(C) (3, 12) (D) (2, 0)
to a common line for [AIEEE- 2009]
(A) Exactly one value of p
Q.4 Let PS be the median of the triangle with
(B) Exactly two values of p
vertices P(2, 2), Q(6, –1) and R(7, 3). The
(C) More than two values of p
equation of the line passing through (1,–1) and
(D) No value of p
parallel to PS is - [IIT-Scr.-2000]
x y
Q.10 The line L given by   1 passes through (A) 2x – 9y – 7 = 0 (B) 2x – 9y – 11 = 0
5 b
(C) 2x + 9y – 11 = 0 (D) 2x + 9y + 7 = 0
the point (13, 32). The line K is parallel to L
x y
and has the equation   1 . Then the Q.5 Find the number of integer value of m which
c 3
makes the x coordinates of point of intersection
distance between L and K is - [AIEEE- 2010]
of lines. 3x + 4y = 9 and y = mx + 1 integer.
23
(A) (B) 17 [IIT-Scr.-2001]
15
(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) 4 (D) 1
17 23
(C) (D)
15 17 Q.6 Area of the parallelogram formed by the lines
y = mx, y = mx + 1, y = nx, y = nx + 1 is
Q.11 The lines x + y = |a| and ax – y = 1 intersect
[IIT-Scr.-2001]
each other in the first quadrant. Then the set
(A) |m + n| / (m – n)2 (B) 2 / |m + n|
of all possible values of a is the interval –
(C) 1 / |m + n| (D) 1 /|m – n|
[AIEEE- 2011]
(A) (0, ) (B) [1, )
Q.7 A straight line through the origin O meets the
(C) (–1, ) (D) (–1, 1]
parallel lines 4x + 2y = 9 and 2x + y + 6 = 0 at
the points P and Q respectively. Then the point
SECTION –B
O divides the segment PQ in the ratio-
Q.1 The orthocentre of the triangle formed by the [IIT-Scr.-2002]
lines xy = 0 and x + y = 1 is [IIT 1995] (A) 1 : 2 (B) 3 : 4
1 1 1 1 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 4: 3
(A)  ,  (B)  , 
2 2 3 3
1 1 Q.8 Let P = (–1, 0), Q = (0, 0) and R = (3, 3 3 ) be
(C) (0, 0) (D)  , 
4 4 three points. Then the equation of the bisector
of the angle PQR is-[IIT-Scr.-2002/AIEEE-07]
Q.2 The diagonals of parallelogram PQRS are along
the lines x + 3y = 4 and 6x – 2y = 7. Then (A) ( 3 /2) x + y = 0 (B) x + 3y=0
PQRS must be a [IIT 1998] (C) 3x+y=0 (D) x + ( 3 /2) y = 0
(A) rectangle (B) square
(C) cyclic quadrilateral (D) rhombus
Q.9 Lines L1 : y – x = 0 and L2 : 2x + y = 0 intersect
the line L3 : y + 2 = 0 at P and Q, respectively.

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 47

 The bisector of the acute angle between L1 and
L2 intersects L3 at R. [IIT-2007/AIEEE-11]
STATEMENT–1 : The ratio PR : RQ equals 2

2: 5
because
STATEMENT–2 : In any triangle, bisector of
an angle divides the triangle into two similar
triangles.
(A) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is True;
Q.11 A straight line L through the point (3, –2) is
Statement–2 is a correct explanation for
Statement–1. inclined at an angle 60° to the line 3 x + y = 1.
(B) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is True; If L also intersects the x-axis, then the
Statement–2 is NOT a correct explanation equation of L is - [IIT- 2011]
for Statement–1
(A) y + 3x+2–3 3 =0
(C) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is False
(D) Statement–1 is False, Statement–2 is True (B) y – 3x+2+3 3 =0

(C) 3y–x+3+2 3 =0
Q.10 The locus of the orthocenter of the triangle
formed by the lines [IIT- 2009] (D) 3y+x–3+2 3 =0
(1 + p) x – py + p (1 + p) = 0,
(1 + q) x – qy + q (1 + q) = 0,
and y = 0, where p  q, is
(A) a hyperbola (B) a parabola
(C) an ellipse (D) a straight line

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 48

 ANSWER KEY
LEVEL-1
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C C B C C A C B B A B C A B B B B B B A
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. C A C B A D C B B D B B A D C A A C C D
Qus. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Ans. B D B B A D D A C B B D C C D A A A A C
Qus. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68
Ans. A A A B A C A B

LEVEL-2
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. B A A B C D C B C B C C D A C C B C B A
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. A A B C B B C D A B

LEVEL-3
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. D C C A A C A A B D B C D B B D A D C D
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. A A D A A C C B A D

LEVEL-4
SECTION-A
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ans. A C D A C B B C A D B

SECTION-B
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ans. C D A D A D B C C D B

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 49

IIT-JEE PREPRETION - MATHE STRAIGHT LINE 50