THREE PHASE APPLIANCES PROTECTOR

Introduction
Many of our costly appliances require three phase AC supply for operation.
Failure of any phase makes the appliance prone to erratic functioning &
may even lead to failure. Hence it is important to monitor the availability of
the three phase supply & switch off the appliances in the event of failure of
one or two phases. The power to the appliance should resume with the
availability of all phases of the supply with certain time relay in order to avoid
surges & momentary fluctuations.

Working
In this circuit three phase supply, three 12 V relays & a timer IC along with
230 V coil contactor having four poles. Relay RL 1 & RL 2 act as a sensing
device for phases Y & B respectively. These relays are connected such that
each act as an enabling device for the subsiquent relay. Therefore the
combination of relays forms a logical end gate connected serially. The
availability of the phase R energizes the relay R1 & its normally opened
contacts close to connect phase Y to the input of transformer X2. The
availability of phase Y energizes the relay RL 2 & its normally close contacts
to connect phase B to the input of transformer X3. Thus applying a triggering
input to timer IC NE 555.
Therefore the delay timer built by NE 555 triggers only when all the
phases ( R,Y & B) are available. It provides a delay of approximately 4 seconds
which energizes relay RL 3 to connect the line to the energizing 4 pole
contractor relay RL 4. Contractor RL 4 close to insure the availability of the
three phase supply to the appliances.
 Block Diagram of Three Phase Appliances Protector

PHASE PHASE PHASE

R Y
B

V V V
STEP DOWN STEP DOWN
TRANSFORMER STEP DOWN
TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMER

V V V
RELAY RELAY RELAY

V
V
V

TIMER

V V
CONTACTOR

V V V
R
Y B
 Components :
1) Timer IC 555.
2) Step down Transformers.
3) Relays.
4) Capacitors.
5) Diodes.
6) Resistors.
7) PCB.
8) LED’s

Reference :
1) Power Transmission & Distribution.
2) Electrical Appliances & Applications.
3) www.dkdynamics.com