Overview of Access Network

Contents

 AN Technique Evolution
 Popular AN Technique Introduction

2
 Definition of AN

 SNI (service node interface)

 UNI (user network interface)
 Function: cross connecting, multiplexing and transmission
 V5 Interface
 Q3 Interface
TMN

Q3

Transmission
SNI UNI
OLT ONU

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 Stage I: Single service

 Fiber takes the place of cables

 Digital line takes the place of analog lines
 Good for regenerate and multiplexing
 Good for storage and transmission

Central Office

D O O
Central drop line
D L N Branch
Ex. box
F T U

Access Network

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 Stage II: Primary integrated access

V5 POTS

PSTN Z
2B+D
O O

ISDN
30B+D
2B+D
L AN N 30B+D
T U
V.24/V.35 V.24/V.35
DDN

Achieve multi-service access

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 In Stage II Network

OA&M Platform OA&M Platform OA&M Platform OA&M Platform

Service Platform Service Platform Service Platform Service Platform

Internet
PSTN DDN
CATV

NO!
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 Multi-service access requirement

Problems for operators

– Investment of network building
– Investment of maintenance
– Difficult to increase profit

Problems for end users

– Multi-service requirements
– Different operators provide different service
– Troublesome for service apply, payment etc.

Problems for technical development

– Integrated service access
– Integrated services transmission

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 Multi-service access requirement

Narrowband services Broadband services Broadband access

PSTN

 VoIP  ADSL
 ISDN PRI/BRI
 DDN Leased line  Broadband  ADSL2
N*64K, 64K, sub- Internet access  ADSL2+
rate(<64K), E1
 Hotline
 Internet game  SHDSL
 2W/4W Analog line  IPTV  VDSL
 …  Video on demand  VDSL2
 Video conference  Ethernet
 …  PON
 …

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 Stage III: Broadband integrated access

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Contents

 AN Technique Evolution
 Popular AN Technique Introduction

10
 Broadband Access Technologies

1 What is the broadband access?

2 What are the ways of broadband access？

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 Definition relevant to the broadband access

 Definition of the broadband : Minimum bandwidth which can

support the transmission of multimedia services , and the effect
of this transmission can be accepted by the end users.
 Definition of the broadband access : The high speed connections
between the end user and the Internet through certain kind of
network. In the broadband access the last 1 mile now becomes
the bottleneck.

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 Broadband access technologies

 1. xDSL
 HDSL (High rate digital subscriber line)
 SDSL (Symmetric digital subscriber line)
 ADSL (Asymmetric digital subscriber line)
 VDSL (Very high bit rate DSL)
 EDSL (Ethernet Over DSL）
 IDSL (ISDN DSL)
 UDSL (Ultrahigh bit rate DSL)

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 DSL(Digital Subscriber Line) Overview

Network Service DSL Network Customer Premises

Provider High-level Architecture

Data
SHDSL
Data SHDSL

SYMMETRIC
SHDSL (Single-Pair High Bit Rate DSL)
 One wire pair Symmetric transmission
Data rates variable rates of 192 kbps ~ 2.312 Mbps
 Distance up to 5.5 km

Data
VDSL
Data VDSL
VDSL (Very High Data Rate DSL)
One wire pair Eight variable line rates operating distances
POTS  Data rates up to 13/52 Mbps

ASYMMETRIC
 Distance up to 1.5 km

ADSL Data
Data ADSL
ADSL (Asymmetric DSL)
One wire pair Asymmetric transmission
POTS Data rates from 1.5Mbps/64kbps to 8Mbps/1024kbps with POTS
 Distance up to 5 km

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 History of DSL Standards

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 What is ADSL?

 ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line )

Downlink Bandwidth

Uplink Bandwidth

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 ADSL Standards Overview

 ADSL
 G.992.1 ADSL Transceivers (G.DMT)
ANNEX A FULL RATE ADSL over POTS
ANNEX B FULL RATE ADSL over ISDN
 G.992.2 Splitterless ADSL (G.Lite)

 ADSL2/2+
 G.992.3 = ADSL2 (G.DMT.BIS )
 G.992.4 = Splitterless ADSL2 (G.Lite.bis)
 G.992.5 = ADSL2+

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 Main features of ADSL

 A Solution to Transmit Both Broadband Data and Voice

 Data Speed: Downlink 8Mbps ; Uplink 1Mbps

 Transmission Distance: 4~5km

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 The Advantages of ADSL

 Greatly improve the twisted pair utilization ratio

 Short construction period

 Convenient networking
 Low construction cost

 Fast downloading speed: 8Mbps

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 Theory of ADSL

SD

SD
CHASSIS STATUS

TEMPERATURE FAN POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Output Output Output Output Output Output

Good Good Good Good Good Good

LAMP
TEST

1 2 3 4 5 6

Power

Power

Power

Power

Power

Power
3Com
Path Builder S700
SD
+

TALK / DATA
TALK RS CS TR RD TD CD
-

COAX LPT1 LPT2

PSTN
10-30V DC IX MAX 10 BASE 1

ADSL Splitter
!
ATTACH
WRIST
STRAP
HERE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Modem CISCO SYSTEMS

ABC DEF
1 2 3
Store/Red.

Mail GHI JKL MN

DATA Switch
4 5 6
Individ rep. ISDN serv.y
PRS TUV WXY
Redial Transfer 7 8 9
LS-/ LS+/-
OQZ
0 #
Mute LS/Apply
*

i SD

DSLAM

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 Theory of ADSL

P (f)
POTS Uplink channel Downlink channel

f
4kHz 30kHz 138kHz 1.104MHz

ASSIGNMENT OF ADSL CHANNEL FREQUENCY

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 ADSL2

 Ratified July 2002

 Up to 12 Mbps
downstream, 1 Mbps
upstream
 Same frequency range,
more complex payload
coding
 Many new capabilities-
sleep mode, low power,
retraining on-the-fly,
improved diagnostics

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 ADSL2+

 Ratified January 2003

 Up to 24 Mbps downstream, 1 Mbps upstream
 ADSL2, with double the Downstream capacity
 High Frequency up to 2.2 MHz
 Main benefit is at short range

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 What is SHDSL

 Features:
 G.SHDSL is an ITU-T standard on symmetric high bit rate digital subscriber
loop.
 G.SHDSL has certain advantages over other DSL technologies. It can support
the symmetric changeable rate from 192 kbps to 2.312 Mbps on a pair of
copper cables, and the transmission distance is 5.5km.

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 SHDSL

 Symmetric bandwidth ranging from 192kbps(20,000 ft) to 2.3Mbps(6,500 ft)

 Ideally suited to SME / SOHO market
 Single pair or two pairs
 Suitable for carrying voice and data
 Low latency

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 Target market

 The G.SHDSL products are more suitable for small commercial

users that require symmetric services.
 The G.SHDSL technology supports multi-channel access of
telephone, data and visual conferences, long-distance LAN
access, and the leased line services.

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 Design Goal of VDSL2

Mbps
100 Designed for short distance

60
few broadband to support
multi-HDTV channels

20
Can not support triple-play

2
SHDSL
Distance
1 km 2 km 3 km 4 km 5 km

 2005-05-27 ITU-T G.993.2

 VDSL2 :
VDSL1(high rate) & ADSL2+(long distance)
Be full compatible with VDSL1 and ADSL2+

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 Performance of VDSL2

 ADSL and VDSL1

 High rate & short distance
250  Low rate & long distance
Mbps

 VDSL2
DS VDSL2 (30MHz)  very high rate & short
distance
200  high rate & medium distance
100Mbps(Sym) & 30MHz  ADSL2+ rate & long distance

150

Medium distance based on

trellis coding feature
DS VDSL1 (12 MHz)
100

ADSL-like Long distance based

on trellis coding and EC
50
DS ADSL2+ (2.2 MHz)

0 meter
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

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 VDSL2 FEATURES

 Higher transmission rate

 VDSL2 sets 6 bands that VDSL2 (30MHz) configuration, which achieves
symmetric data rates up to 100 Mbps in 300m short loops.
 Extended reach
 The goal of VDSL2 was to provide loop reach out to 9 Kft
 Compatible with ADSL2+
 The rate of VDSL2 can reach 100Mbit/s in the short range. Out of this
range, it can switch to ADSL2+ and continue to provide data transfers.
 Support perfect video service
 VDSL2 reduces probability of error and loss packet made by impulse
noise though taking many measures just like INP, dynamic changing
interleave depth, etc.
 Profiles of different modes
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 VDSL2 profiles

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 Broadband access technologies

 2. HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial)

 3. HomePNA (Home Phoneline Networking Alliance)
 4. Ethernet
 5. Wireless broadband access
 Wireless LAN
 WLL (Wireless Local Loop: PHS,CDMA,SCDMA)
 LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Service)
 DBS (Direct Broadcast Satellite)
 Microwave Radio Access
 GPRS（General Packet Radio Service）

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 Broadband access technologies

 6. Optical Access Network

 EPON and GPON (FTTH: Fiber To The Home)

 7. PLC (Power line cable)

 8. SDH (Synchronize Digital Hierarchy)
 9. DDN (Digital Data Network)
 10. FR (Frame relay)

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 Key technologies in the broadband access
network
 AAA
 Security
 QoS
 Manageability

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 Trend of Broadband Access

 Worldwide, the
Broadband
150
Network scale 24 Network scale

(million lines) (million lines) subscribers will

reach 291
millions till the
13 78 end of 2008
 Worldwide, the
Broadband
4.6 36
1.1 19

CAGR would
2001 2002 2003 2004 year 2001 2002 2003 2004
year have been 20%
during 2003 to
2008.
 Worldwide, the
Broadband
revenue
increase would
have been 18%
annually during
2004 to 2008.

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 New Services Emerging
Internet access

 high speed
 EMAIL
 GAME on PC
 ……

Full-Service Access Network

Video service Order on line

Voice Video Game Conference

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 Technical Driving

WirelessX LMDS/MMDS WiMax

FiberX APON/BPON EPON/GPON

xDSL ADSL ADSL2＋

VDSL2
VDSL（QAM） DMT VDSL

QoS Diffserv
Best effort
MPLS TE
Security
Access Security; Network
Security, Content Security

Multicast
No use, not Using for IP TV,
controllable controllable

Equipment Different kind of One kind of equipment

equipment Time
Architecture

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 Most popular ways of accessing Internet

Broadband access technologies

Fiber Fiber Fiber

FTTB FTTB/FTTC HFC

Integrate cabling Twist line Coaxial cable

LAN ADSL Cable Modem

FTTH WLAN

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Thank you