Ten (10) Principles of CBT

1. The training is based on curriculum developed from the

competency standards.

Learning is based on the Competency-based Curriculum. The Competency Standard

(CS) is the written specification of the knowledge, skills and attitudes and values
required for the performance of a job, occupation or trade and the corresponding
standard of performance required for these in the workplace.

The industry workers identify these standards and are promulgated by the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority in the Training Regulations
(TR). The Competency Based Curriculum (CBC) is derived from the Competency
Standards. It is a plan for structured series of learning experiences toward achieving
of competencies identified by the industry; it details training methodologies,
resources, facilities, infrastructure and other materials required both for training
and assessment strategies.

2. Learning is competency-based or modular in structure.

Generally one competency is one module but some competencies maybe divided into
training modules. A qualification is composed of a set of competencies a worker
should have. When planning your training, your trainees should learn one
competency after another until they attain all competencies of the qualification.

Unit of
Competency

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3

3. Training delivery is individualized and self-paced.

 Learning is done by the learner at own pace. As trainers, you should provide activities
that will allow each trainee to advance on his own without waiting for the other trainees in his
class to finish. Facilities, resources and materials should also be structured so that trainees could
learn competencies at their own pace.

4. Training is based on work that must be performed.

Learning is based on the actual industry practice.

5. Training materials are directly related to the competency

standards and the curriculum.

CS CBC LMs
Competency Standards are updated specifications of the qualification.
Oftentimes, learning materials that are directly related to these standards are not
available in bookstores. You should put your resources together to produce learning
materials and learning activities appropriate to attain the performance criteria in
the CS.
The Competency-Based Curriculum will be your guide to plan for both
training and assessment of your trainees. Your learning materials should be
developed to attain the assessment criteria in the CBC.
The CBC will be further discussed in the succeeding information sheet.

6. Assessment of learners is based in the collection of evidences

of work performance based on industry or organizational
required standards.

Traditional CBTVET
Students are judged against Each Student is assessed
each other (norm referenced against the evidences based on
Assessment) standard
 7. Training is based on and off the job components and off the job
components.

Better learning with industry and school partnership.

8. The system allows Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL).

CBT focuses on the competencies that are not yet acquired by the trainee
in any learning situation. Competencies acquired as a result of previous training,
employment and life experiences should be recognized so that trainees will not
waste time doing the learning activities of the competencies that they already
have. It is one of your task to identify these prior learning of your trainees and
plan for the training of each trainee based on this data.

9. The system allows for learner to enter and exit programs at

different times and levels and to receive an award for competencies
attained at any point.

There is flexibility for entry and exit from programs.

10. Approved training programs are nationally accredited.

Training programs are registered within UTPRAS. Any program offered in

TVET should be registered with the Unified TVET Program Registration and
Accreditation System (UTPRAS).