THIRUT

HANGAL
NADAR
CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT

NAME:ROHAN JEYAN
CLASS:12 A1
ROLL NO:20643805

INDEX
S.No Content

1 Aim

2 Introduction

3 Theory

4 Materials required

5 Procedure

6 Precautions

7 Conclusion

8 Bibliography
Aim:
To study the surface chemistry of colloidal
solutions
Introduction:
The size of the particles which form
homogenous or true solution is less than 10-7
cm while the size of particles which form
heterogenous solution is greater than 10-4 cm.
The intermediate state between these two is
called colloidal state of matter. These can be
classified as:-
1)Lyophobic Sol:It is also called hydrophobic
sol.It is the suspension of hydrophobic
substance, which contains non-polar groups in
water.
2)Lyophilic Sol:It is also called hydrophilic
sol.It is the suspension of hydrophilic
substance which contains polar groups in
water.
Theory:
 Colloids are homogenous solutions that
contain separate phases. The dispersed phase
consists of particles that are evenly distributed
in the continuous phase. Some colloids exhibit
the phenomenon of the Tyndall effect which
makes them translucent (Scattering of light by
colloidal particles.). Gums are secreted by
stems of trees and are natural polysaccharides.
On heating with water, this soluble substance
gets hydrolyzed and yields a number of
monosaccharides which leads to a colloidal
solution. 
Materials required:

 Two beakers of 250 ml and 50 ml,

 Funnel
 Glass rod
 Tri-pod stand
 Wire gauze
 Burner
 Filter Papers
 Distilled water(100 ml)
 Arabic gum 4.5g
Procedure:

a)Take 4-5 g of dry Arabic gum in a

mortar and grind it with the help of a
pestle.

b)Transfer gum powder in a 250 ml

beaker, add 100 ml distilled water and heat
the mixture up to 600C with constant
stirring for 4-5 minutes.

c)Stop heating, allow the solution to cool

up to room temperature and filter it.
d)The filtrate obtained is the required sol.

Precautions:

a)Mortar, pestle, beakers, glass rod should

be properly cleaned.

b)Stirring should be done constantly

during addition of gum powder to hot
water.

c)Distilled water must be used for

preparation of sol.
conclusion:

Advantages of Arabic gum sol are:

a)It is used in pharmaceuticals as a
demulcent(a substance that helps in
relieving inflammation or irritation).
b)It is used topically for healing wounds.

Disadvantages of Arabic gum sol are:

a)Ingestion of Arabic gum sol may raise
serum cholesterol.
b)Allergic reactions to Arabic gum sol
may cause respiratory problems.
Bibliography:

 http://www.icbse.com/

 http://www.sciencedaily.com/

 http://www.seminarsonly.com/