E. Dfcf
Dfcfhg
hgssg

 Zfrdereoeh pnst pertu` edeieo pfrdereoeh yehl tfrkedg sftfieo ehea ieogr `fifbgog
6:: `i bega pfrdereoeh prg`fr `eupuh sfauhdfr sftfieo gtu (Zrewgrnoerkn,5772).

 Zfrdereoeh
Zfrdereoeh pnstpertu`
pnstpertu` edeieo pfrdereoeh
pfrdereoeh pfrvelghe`
pfrvelghe` 6:: mm eteu ifbgo sftfieo aeie
GGG sfifseg (sftfieo piesfhte ieogr) (\gahknsestrn, 2:::).

 Zfrd
Zfrder
ereo
eoeh
eh pn
pnstp
stper
ertu
tu`
` ed
edee ae
aeie
iehy
hyee `fru
`frupe
peae
aeh
h pf
pfrd
rder
ereo
eoeh
eh ye
yehl
hl of
ofbe
bett de
deh
h
`fheau
`fheautae
taeh
h sfoghl
sfoghlle
le deie`
deie` weatu
weatu sghlae
sghlaett wehgte
wehgte ket
ketuo
uo af deie`
deie` syna,
syna, eteupu
eteupuh
h
`frupeaeh pfrdereoeh yehl `fhftfs pfrieoeh-ieoeh tftepg tfrus `fhfrus deh ghg kule
 bfrbeoeye aerfhe eaogrhye ku`ieo pfrdereoeh `fhkedg behyea yehl `fhleagbetaeh
wehgte `fhkedg if`es deh kule ketuo deie` syna (]egcuddgh, 2:54).

B. Ftgninlg

  Zfrdereoeh pnstpertu` bgse dgsfbebaeh aerfhe ;

e. Etn
Etnhge
hge Vtfr
Vtfrgg Etn
Etnhge
hge utfr
utfrgg edei
edeieo
eo af
aftg
tgd
dea
ea`
`e`pu
e`pueh
eh utf
tfru
russ ao
aous
usu
ush
shy
ye
`gn`ftrgu` uhtua bfranhtreasg sftfieo piesfhte ieogr. Zfrdereoeh pnstpertu`
sfmere cgsgninlgs dganhtrni nifo anhtreasg sfret-sfret `gn`ftrgu` tfrute`e yehl
 bfrede dg sfagter pf`buiuo dereo yehl `fhsupieg dereo pede tf`pet
 pfrifhlafteh piesfhte (\gahknsestrn, 2::3). Afleleieh anhtreasg deh rftreasg
derg sfret `gn`ftrgu` depet `fhyfbebaeh pfrdereoeh yehl mfpet deh pereo
sfrte syna 7 ogpnvnif`ga. Anhtreasg `gn`ftrgu` yehl if`eo depet dgeagbetaeh
nifo
nifo afifieo
afifieoeh
eh aerfhe
aerfhe pfrseig
pfrseigheh
heh ie`e
ie`e eteu pfrsei
pfrseighe
gheh
h yehl
yehl tfrieiu
tfrieiu mfpet,
mfpet,
tfrute`e
tfrute`e kgae dgrehlsehl.
dgrehlsehl. ]fiegh gtu, nbet-nbeteh
nbet-nbeteh sfpfrtg nbet ehtg-ghcie`esg
ehtg-ghcie`esg
hnhstfrngd, `elhfsgu` suicet, bfte-sg`petn`g`ftga, deh hgcfdgpgh kule depet
`fhloe
`fhloe`be
`bett anhtrea
anhtreasg
sg `gn`ft
`gn`ftrgu
rgu`.
`. Zfhyfb
Zfhyfbeb
eb ieg
iegh
h edeieo
edeieo sgtus
sgtus g`pieh
g`piehtesg
tesg
 piesfhte dg sfl`fh beweo reog`, anrgne`hgnhgtgs, fhdn`gn`ftrgtgs, sfptgaf`ge,
ogpnasge pede sniusgn piesfhte, deh ogpntfr`ge aerfhe rfsusgtesg `esgc (Rufde ft
ei., 2:5=). Etnhge utfrg `frupeaeh pfhyfbeb peighl behyea ZZZ, oghlle sfagter 
<:% aesus. Etnhge
Etnhge depet tfrkedg sftfieo pfrseigheh
pfrseigheh velghei,
velghei, pfrseigheh
pfrseigheh npfretgc 
eteupuh pfrseigheh ebdn`ghei. Zfhfigtgeh sfkeuo ghg `f`buatgaeh beowe etnhge
 

utfrg ifbgo tghllg pede pfrseigheh ebdn`ghei dgbehdghlaeh dfhleh pfrseigheh

velghei (Fdog, 2:5=).
 b. Iesfresg keieh ieogr Zede u`u`hye rnbfaeh keieh ieogr tfrkedg pede pfrseigheh
dfhleh treu`e. Zfrtninhleh pfrseigheh yehl sf`eagh `ehgpuietgc deh treu`etga 
eaeh `f`udeoaeh rnbfaeh keieh ieogr deh aerfhe gtu dgoghderaeh `f`g`pgh

 pfrseigheh pede seet pf`buaeeh sfrvgas bfiu` ifhlaep. Rnbfaeh keieh ieogr 
 bgesehye eagbet fpgsgntn`g, rnbfaeh spnhteh pfrghfu`, treu`e cnrsfp eteu
veau` fastreasg, eteu aerfhe vfrsg fastreasg (Zrewgrnoerdkn, 2:5:). Iesfresg
dgaiesg
dgaiesgcga
cgaesga
esgaeh
eh bfrdes
bfrdesera
eraeh
eh iueshy
iueshyee rnbfae
rnbfaeh
h yegtu
yegtu (Rnoeh
(Rnoehg,
g, ]eswgt
]eswgtee deh
@ergseo, 2:55);
- Dfreket setu Rnbfaeh `fhlfheg `uanse velghe deh auigt pfrghfu`.
- Dfreket due Rnbfaeh `fhlfheg
`fhlfheg `uanse velghe, a
auigt,
uigt, deh ntnt pfrghfu`.
pfrghfu`.
- Dfreket tgle Rnbfaeh
Rnbfaeh `fhlfheg `uanse
`uanse velghe, auigt pfrghfu`,
pfrghfu`, ntnt pfrghfu`,
deh ntnt scghltfr ehg fastfrhei.

- Dfrek
Dfreket
et f`pe
f`pett Rnbf
Rnbfaeaeh
h `fhl
`fhlfh
fheg
eg `uan
`uanse
se ve
velg
lghe
he,, au
auig
igtt pf
pfrg
rghf
hfu`
u`,, nt
ntnt
nt
 pfrghfu`, ntnt scghltfr ehg fastfrhei, deh `uanse rfatu`.
m. Rftfhs
Rftfhsgn
gn piesfht
piesfhtee Rftfhs
Rftfhsgn
gn piesfh
piesfhte
te edeieo
edeieo piesfhte
piesfhte bfiu` ieogr
ieogr oghlle
oghlle eteu
`fifbgog weatu =: `fhgt sftfieo beyg ieogr. Oei ghg dgsfbebaeh aerfhe piesfhte
 bfiu` ifpes derg dghdghl utfrus eteu piesfhte sudeo ifpes tftepg bfiu`
dgie
dgieog
ogra
raeh
eh.. Rftfh
Rftfhsgn
sgn piesf
piesfht
htee `fru
`frupe
peae
aeh
h ftgni
ftgninl
nlgg tfrsfr
tfrsfrgh
ghl
l af
afdu
duee de
derg
rg
 pfrdereoeh pnstpertu` (2:% - =:% aesus). Afkedgeh ghg oerus dgdgelhnsgs
sfmere dghg aerfhe rftfhsgn piesfhte sfrghl dgaegtaeh dfhleh etnhge utfrg uhtua 
uhtua 
dgelhnsgs ute`e sfoghlle depet `f`buet afseieoeh dgelhnsgs. Zede rftfhsgn 55

 piesfhte, rfsgan uhtua `fhleie`g ZZZ 3 aeig igpet pede pfrseigheh hnr`ei
(Re`ed
(Re `edoeh
oehg,
g, 2:55).
2:55). Tfrdep
Tfrdepet
et kfhgs
kfhgs rftfhsg
rftfhsgn
n piesfh
piesfhte
te ehtere
ehtere ieg
iegh
h (]egcu
(]egcuddg
ddgh,
h,
2::2) ;
- Ziesfh
Ziesfhte
te edofsgv
edofsgvee edeieo
edeieo g`pieh
g`piehtes
tesgg yehl
yehl auet
auet derg
derg knhknt
knhknt anrgnh
anrgnh piesfh
piesfhte
te
sfoghlle `fhyfbebaeh `faehgs`f sfperesg cgsgninlgs.
- Ziesfh
Ziesfhte
te earfte
earfte edeieo
edeieo g`pieh
g`piehtesg
tesg knhknt
knhknt anrgnh
anrgnh piesfh
piesfhte
te oghlle
oghlle `f`esu
`f`esuag
ag
sfbelgeh iepgseh `gn`ftrgu`.
- Ziesfh
Ziesfhte
te gharft
gharftee edeieo
edeieo g`pieh
g`piehtesg
tesg knhknt
knhknt anrgnh
anrgnh piesfh
piesfhte
te yehl
yehl `fhf`b
`fhf`bus
us
iepgseh sfrnse dghdghl utfrus.

- Ziesfh
Ziesfhte
te pfrarf
pfrarfte
te edeieo
edeieo g`pieh
g`piehtesg
tesg knhknt
knhknt anrgnh
anrgnh piesfh
piesfhte
te yehl
yehl `fhf`b
`fhf`bus
us
sfrnse dghdghl utfrus.
 

- Zi
Zies
esfh
fhte
te gh
ghae
aersf
rsfret
retee ed
edei
eieo
eo tfrte
tfrteoe
oehh
hhye
ye pi
piesf
esfht
htee dg de
deie
ie`
` ae
aevu
vu`
` ut
utfrg
frg,,
dgsfbebaeh nifo anhstrgasg nstgu` utfrg.
d. Anelu
Aneluinp
inpetg
etg Zfrder
Zfrdereoe
eoeh
h pnstpe
pnstpertu
rtu`
` kule
kule depet
depet tfrkedg
tfrkedg aerfhe afiegheh
afiegheh pede
 pf`bfaueh dereo. Zfhyfbeb tfrsfrghl ZZZ edeieo etnhge utfrg, yehl dgsusui
dfhleh tfrtghlleihye sfbelgeh piesfhte. He`uh, lehllueh pf`bfaueh dereo

depet puie
depet puie `fhyfb
`fhyfbeba
ebaeh
eh ZZZ.
ZZZ. Oei ghg dgsfbe
dgsfbebae
baeh
h aerfhe
aerfhe dfcgsg
dfcgsgfhsg
fhsg ceatnr 
ceatnr 
 pf`bfaueh deh pfhloehmureh cgbrgh yehl bfrifbgoeh. Lfkeie-lfkeie afiegheh
 pf`bfaueh dereo bgse bfrupe pfhyeagt afturuheh eteupuh dgdepet. Afiegheh
 pf`bfaueh dereo depet bfrupe ogpncgbrghnlfhf`ge, trn`bnsgtnpfhge, Gdgnpetogm
Torn`bnmytnpfhgm Zurpure (GTZ), OFIIZ syhdrn`f (of`niysgs, fifvetfd igvfr 
fhzy`f
fhzy`fs,
s, ehd inw pietfi
pietfift
ft mnuht)
mnuht),, Dgssf`
Dgssf`ghe
ghetfd
tfd Ghtrev
Ghtrevesa
esauif
uifrr Mnelui
Mneluietg
etgnh
nh
(DGM), deh Dgiutgnhei mneluinpetoy (\gahknsestrn, 2::31 Zrewgrnoerdkn, 2:5:).
Afkedgeh lehllueh aneluiesg ghg bfraegteh dfhleh bfbfrepe anhdgsg afoe`gieh
iegh sfpfrtg sniusgn
sniusgn piesfhte,
piesfhte, prffaie`psge,
prffaie`psge, sfptgaf`ge
sfptgaf`ge deh sfpsgs ghtreutfrg,
ghtreutfrg,

af`etgeh kehgh ie`e, f`bnig egr aftubeh, trehscusg dereo ghan`petgbfi, ebnrsg
dfhl
dfhleh
eh HeMi
HeMi ogpf
ogpfrt
rtnh
nhga
ga deh
deh lehl
lehllu
lueh
eh ananel
elui
uies
esgg ye
yehl
hl su
sude
deo
o dg
dgdf
dfrg
rgte
te
sfbfiu`hye. Zfhyfbeb yehl pntfhsgei `fhg`buiaeh lehllueh aneluiesg sudeo
depet dgehtgsgpesg sfbfiu`hye sfoghlle pfrsgepeh uhtua `fhmfleo tfrkedghye
ZZZ depet dgieauaeh sfbfiu`hye (Ehdfrsnh, 2::?).

M. Tehd
Tehde
e deh
deh lfke
lfkeie
ie

  ]fnrehl wehgte oe`gi yehl sfoet depet afogiehleh dereo sfbehyea 5:% derg vniu`f
tntei tehpe `fhleie`g lfkeie-lfkeie aighga, lfkeie-lfkeie beru te`pea pede afogiehleh dereo
sfbehyea 2:%. Lfkeie aighga bfrupe pfrdereoeh pfrvelghe` yehl tfrus-`fhfrus sftfieo beyg
ieogr.
ieogr. Afogie
Afogiehle
hleh
h behyea
behyea dereo
dereo tfrsfb
tfrsfbut
ut `fhg`b
`fhg`buia
uiaeh
eh tehde-
tehde-teh
tehde
de syna
syna yegtu
yegtu pfhdfr
pfhdfrgte
gte
 pumet, tfaeheh dereo rfhdeo, dfhyut hedg mfpet deh afmgi, fastrg`gtes dghlgh, deh iegh-iegh
(\gahknsestrn,2::6).
 

 @eseieo afpfreweteh yl `uhmui

 Lehllueh afsg`behleh megreh deh fifatrnigt b/d pfrdereoeh

 Lehllueh pfrcusg kerghleh b/d pfhuruheh mureo kehtuhl

 Lehllueh pf`fhuoeh afbutuoeh sfoerg-oerg b/d afif`eoeh cgsga

 

 Lehllueh rese hye`eh hyfrg b/d pfriuaeeh keieh ieogr

 Rfsgan tghllg ghcfasg b/d pfriuaeeh keieh ieogr 

D. Zetn
Zetncg
cgsg
sgni
ninl
nlgg

  Deie` pfrseigheh pf`buiuo dereo yehl ede dg utfrus `fifber uhtua `fhghlaetaeh
sgrauiesg af sehe, etnhg utfrg deh subghvniusg utfrus `fhyfbebaeh anhtreasg utfrus `fhuruh
sfoghl
sfoghlle
le pf`bui
pf`buiuo
uo dereo-
dereo-pf`
pf`bui
buiuo
uo dereo
dereo yehl
yehl `fifbe
`fifberr tedg
tedg tgdea
tgdea `fhutu
`fhutup
p sf`pu
sf`purhe
rhe
sfoghlle
sfoghlle pfrdereoeh tfrkedg tfrus `fhfrus.
`fhfrus. Treu`e keieh ieogr sfpfrtg
sfpfrtg fpgnstn`g
fpgnstn`g yehl ifber,
iesfres
iesfresgg pfrghf
pfrghfu`,
u`, deh ruptur
rupturff utfrg
utfrg kule
kule `fhyfb
`fhyfbeba
ebaeh
eh pfrder
pfrdereoe
eoeh
h aerfhe
aerfhe tfrbua
tfrbuaehy
ehyee
 pf`buiuo dereo, pfhyeagt dereo pede gbu1 `gseihye ecgbrghnlf`ge eteu ogpncgbrghnlf`ge
aerfhe
aerfhe tgdea
tgdea ede eteu
eteu aurehl
aurehlhy
hyee cgbrgh
cgbrgh uhtua
uhtua `f`beh
`f`behtu
tu prnsfs
prnsfs pf`bfa
pf`bfaueh
ueh dereo
dereo kule
kule
`frupeaeh
`frupeaeh pfhyfbeb derg pfrdereoeh
pfrdereoeh pnstpertu`.
pnstpertu`. Zfrdereoeh
Zfrdereoeh yehl suigt dgofhtgaeh
dgofhtgaeh bgse
`fhdnrnhl pede afedeeh sonma of`nrelga 

F. Dg
Dgel
elhn
hnsg
sgss

 Dgelhnsgs bgesehye suigt tfrute`e bgie tg`bui pfrdereoeh behyea weatu pfhdfa.
Tftepg bguie pfrdereoeh sfdgagt deie` weatu ie`e tehpe dgsederg pesgfh eaeh te`pea
 pumet. Hedg deh pfrheceseh mfpet deh tfaeheh dereo `fhuruh.

 Dgelhnsgs pfrdereoeh pnst pertu` eaeh ifbgo `udeo dgafteoug epebgie sftgep
 pfrseigheh yegtu sftfieo ehea ieogr sfmere rutgh `fhluaur pfhlfiuereh dereo pede aeie
GGG deh sftfhleo ke` sfsudeohye.

 Epebgie tfrkedg pfrdereoeh pnst pertru` piesfhte bfiu` ieogr dguseoeaeh uhtua
`fieograeh piesfhte dfhleh sflfre, kgae piesfhte tfieo ieogr pfriu dgbfdeaeh ehtere
 pfrdereoeh etnhga deh pfrdereoeh aerfhe pfriuaeeh keieh ieogr.

 Zede pfrdereoeh etnhga utfrus `f`bfser pede peipesg tfrese if`bfa, sfdehlaeh
 pfrdereoeh aerfhe pfriuaeeh utfrus bfranhtreasg dfhleh bega deh pfrgase
pfrgase dg`ehe
iftea pfriuaeeh deie` keieh ieogr.

 Zfrdereoeh pnst pertu` `frupeaeh pfhyfbeb tfrpfhtghl af`etgeh weatu pfrseigheh

sfoerushye af`etgeh gbu aerfhe pfrdereoeh pnst pertu` depet dgmfleo .Tftepg tgdea
sf`ue af`etgeh depet dgoghderaeh tfrute`e epebgie pfhehleheh tfrie`bet deh pesgfh
tfieo deie` afedeeh syna aerfhe tfieo afogiehleh behyea dereo.

 Dgse`pghl `fhyfbebaeh af`etgeh pfrdereoeh pnst pertu` `f`pfrbfser

af`uhlagheh ghcfasg pufrpurei aerfhe deye teoeh
te oeh tubuo pesgfh bfraurehl.
 

 Zfrdereoeh yehl behyea depet `fhg`buiaeh sghdrn` soffoeh yl bfrdeseraeh

hfarnsgs pede pers ehtfrgnr ogpncgsf dfhleh eagbet ghsucgsfhsg belgeh gtu

 Lfkeie sghdrn` soffoeh

 Zfrdereoeh

 Ogpntfhsg

 Ehf`ge

 Bfret bedeh turuh drestgs

 Zfhuruheh cuhlsg sfasuei dfhleh edehye etrnpg eiet-eiet lfhfteige, afogiehleh re`but
 pubgs deh aftgea deh afogiehleh cuhlsg
cuhlsg ieatesg

C. Zf
Zfhe
hete
teie
ieas
aseh
ehee
eeh
h

Zede sftgep pfrdereoeh pnst pertu`, tgle pnana ute`e yl oerus dgpfroetgaeh;

 @fhlofhtgaeh pfrdereoeh

 @fhmfleo/`fhletesg syna

 Lehtg dereo yehl ogiehl.

 Zfhlehleh pfrdereoeh aerfhe piesfhte/sgse piesfhte

 Bgie piesfhte bfiu` ieogr deh pfrdereoeh tfrkedg sfbegahye ieograeh piesfhte sflfre
sfmere `ehuei.

 Mere `fieauaeh piesfhte `ehuei;

 ]etu tehleh `fheoeh cuhdus utfrg, tehleh yehl iegh sfmere nbstftrga
dg`esuaaeh af aevu` utfrg `fhlluheaeh sgsg uihegr tehleh.
 

 ]ftfieo yeagh beowe sf`ue piesfhte tfieo ifpes, lfhlle` piesfhte deh
afiueraeh.

 Zfhlfiuereh piesfhte dggautg dgberfhlg dfhleh;

Zfhlofhtgeh heransf bgie dgieauaeh

 @eseslf utfrus derg iuer

 Zf`bfrgeh `ftfrlgh :,2 `l GS

 Bgie dgtf`uaeh piesfhte earfte, tghdeaeh yehl tfrbega edeieo ogstfrfatn`g.Tepg bgie
ede pfrtg`behleh eaeh `f`pfrteoehaeh utfrus (prg`gpere pfrifhlafteh sfdgagt )
 piesfhte dgafiueraeh sfbehyea-behyahye ieiuy dgsusui dfhleh
dfhleh pf`esehleh te`pnh
utfrnvelghei.

 Bgie pfrdereoeh derg sgsg piesfhte sfdepet `uhlagh afiueraeh dfhleh mere dglgtei
sfbehyea-behyeahye dfhleh dgberfhlg pf`bfrgeh utfrntnhgae.Epebgie pfriu
dgieauaeh aurftesf dfhleh sfhdna aurft yl bfser deh tu`pui.

 Zfhehleheh pfrdereoeh pnst pertu` aerfhe iuae keieh ieogr

 Bgie pfriuaeeh pede velghe eteu iuae fpgsgntn`g/vergsfs yl pfmeo /rnbfaeh sfrvgas
depet dgetesg dfhleh keogteh. ]fdehlaeh ruptur utfrg oerus dgetesg dfhleh
ogstfrfatn`g.

 Tghdeaeh yl oerus sflfre dgieauaeh edeieo;

 Ghcus Hemi :,7% eteu D6%

 Zesehl lurgte

 Aeieu pfriu bfrgaeh suhtgaeh 5: `l `nrpgh G` uhtua hyfrghye.

 Rukua sflfre

 Zfhehleheh pfrdereoeh pnst pertu` n/a afiegheh pf`bfaueh

 Rukua sflfre

 Ieauaeh tfst mneluietgnh deh tehlehg bfrse`e eooighye.

 Merg pfhyfbeb iegh.

 

 Eiet deh nbet uhtua pfhleheh pfrdereoeh pnst pertu`

 ]eruhl tehleh stfrgi

 ]pfauiu` 5(Dnyfh) = bueo bfser

 Aif` pf`fleh aese (cnfrstfr); 4 bueo

 @ehlana ehtgsfptga

 Ehtgsfptga;bftedgh,yndgu` 5%

 Aese deh aepes sfmuauphye

  Heidvnfdfr

 Nvergu` aif` = bueo

Aif` te`pnh
 Te`pnh utfrnvelghei 2 `ftfr, ifber 6 m`
Nbet; nasgtnsgh 2 e`pui, `ftfrlgh :,2 `l (2 e`pui)

 Megreh ghcus;dfxtreh I 6::, Hemi

 Ghcus sft/trehcusg sft

 GS aetftfr

 Aepes eianoni

]pugt = mm 2 bueo deh 6 mm 2 bueo

 Tfhsg`ftfr deh stftnsanp

 Ie`pu sfhtfr

 Vpeye pfhmfleoeh tfrkedghye pnst pertu`

 Zfhninhl teou betes wfwfhehlhye.

 

 Zfhninhl oerus `fhlgdfhtgcgaesg afoe`gieh rfsgan tghllg.

 Zfhyuiuoeh pede pesgfh uhtua `fhlogderg afoe`gieh ifbgo 4 aeig

 Zfhyuiuoeh lgzg uhtua `fhloghderg tfrkedghye ehf`ge.

 Zfhninhl pfrseigheh oerus wespede tfroedep `uhmuihye ceatnr prfdgspnsgsg iegh yl

`uhlagh `uhmui

 Ceatnr prfdgspnsgsg iegh yl `uhlagh `uhmui

  Ghfrsfsge utfrge

 Mere pfrseigheh ifbgo 5? ke`

 Ziesfhte prfvge

 Zfhlluheeh heransf

 Gbu lfigseo sehlet tea `fhluhtuhlaeh pfrseigheh.

 Zfhninhl pfroetgaeh pg`pgheh pfrseigheh weatu aeie GG dehGGG aerfhe tgdeaeh yl

aurehl tfpet `fhleagbetaeh pfrdereoeh.`gsei;

 Dnrnhleh argstfifr sfbfiu` afpeie ehea bfrede dgdeser pehllui (ondlf GS).

 Zesgfh `fhlkeh sfbfiu` pf`buaeeeh ifhlaep

 Ehea dgieograeh tfrieiu mfpet

 Vtfrus dgpgket pgket

 Edehye bfaueh deie` aevu` utfrg.

 Aehduhl afhmghl/rfatu` pfhuo

 Zfhninhl oerus `fhluseoeaeh eler beyg sflfre `fhftfa sftfieo ieogr sfoghlle
anhtreasg utfrus eaeh bega.

 Zfhleweseh ghtfhsgc sfie`e 2 ke` sftfieo beyg ieogr.

 Zesehl lurgte dfhleh pfhfaeheh cuhdus utfrg eler depet `fhmfleo hegahye deh
`frehlsehl cuhdus utfrg sfoghlle bgie ede pfrdereoeh depet dgafteoug.

 ]fbfiu` `fhghlleiaeh pesgfh pnst pertu` ede < pnana 

 

 Anhtreasg utfrus oerus bega

 Tea ede pfrdereoeh

 Ziesfhte deh auigt aftubeh tfieo ieogr ifhlaep

 Aehduhl afhmghl/rfatu` ansnhl

 Iuae pfrghfu` tfrewet bega tea ede of`etn`e

 Beyg deie` afedeeh bega Gbu deie` afedeeh bega

Zf`frgaseeh pfhuhkehl
e. Zf
Zf`f
`frg
rgas
asee
eeh
h der
dereo
eo if
ifhl
hlae
aep
p
 b. Vrgheigsgs

m. Auit
Auitur
ur utfr
utfrus
us deh
deh velg
velghe
he
d. Zrncgi
cgi a
an
neluiesg
f. ]nhnlrecg

 Tghdeaeh afpfreweteh

 Aniebnresg pf`bfrgeh megreh perfhtfrei

 @nhgtnr vgtei sglh

@nhgtnr TCV
 @nhgtnr iuae keieh ieogr deh metet ku`ieo pfrdereoeh

 Luheaeh tfahga esfptga deie` `fieauaeh prnsfdur

 Anieburesg pf`bfrgeh tofrepg ; utfrntnhgae, ghcus, ehtgbgntga, eheilftga, nasglfh,

 pf`frgaseeh iebnretnrgu`.

 Oesgi yl dgoerepaeh 

 Lehllueh afsfgbehleh megreh deh fifatrnigt tfretesg.

 

 Lehllueh pfrcusg kerghleh tfretesg

 Anhtreasg utfrus bega,pfrdereoeh depet dgetesg.

 Afbutuoeh sfoerg-oerg tfretesg

 Tgdea tfrkedg ghcfasg pnst pertu` deh keieh ieogr.

 @eme` megreh rfogdresg

 Megreh hnh aningd

 Megreh aningd

 dereo

 Megreh aningd/argsteingd
aningd/argsteingd

  Rghlfr ieatet, rghlfr esftet (esfrghl), Hemi an`pnsgsg `grgp dfhleh megreh fastre sfi
sfoghlle megreh ghg pfhtghl uhtua `fhehlluiehlg dfogdresg sfmere mfpet pede aesus
 pfrdereoeh

 Bgie dgbfrgaeh sfmere mfpet sfbelgeh megreh ghg eaeh afiuer derg ruehl ghtre vesauifr
sfbelgeh tghllei uhtua `f`pfrbegag of`ndghe`ga deie` weatu rfietgc ie`e.

 @fsagpuh pf`bfrgeh megreh ghg `fieiug vfhe dggautg pfrf`bfseh af ghtfrsgtgei pede
eaogrhye pfrf`bfseh eaeh bfrofhtg sftfieo deie` afedeeh sfg`behl

 Megreh aningd 

 `fhlehduhl `nifaui yl bfser bfrcuhlsg sfpfrtg eibu`gh deie` pies`e.

 

 ]fbelgeh vniu`f aningd yl dgbfrgaeh eaeh tghllei deie` weatu yl ie`e deie` ruehl
ghtrevesauifr deh sfbelgeh afmgi `fhledeaeh faspehsg afiuer derg ruehl ghtrevesauifr 
`fhlgsg ruehl ghtfrtgtgei

 Zf`eaegeh megreh aningd sfpfrtg pies`e faspehdfr oerus oetg-oetg sfbeb depet
`fhyfbebaeh lehllueh pf`bfaueh dereo pede dnsgs `figbgog `i/al bfret bedeh.

 Dereo

 Zf`bfrgeh trehcusg dereo eaeh `fhlnrfasg pies`e seke sfdehlaeh vniu`f ghtfrtgtgei
`esgo tftep afaurehleh megreh.

 Zfragreeh ieag-ieag <: `i/al BB deh pfrf`pueh 3: `i/al BB.

 Zrghsgp pf`bfrgeh megreh pede pfrdereoeh

 Zfrdereoeh aurehl derg 5:% FBS tea pfriu megreh perfhtfrei

 Zfrdereoeh ehtere 5:-56% vniu`f dereo dglehtg dfhleh megreh argsteingd

 Zfrdereoeh ehtere 56-2:% vniu`f dereo dglehtg megreh aningd sfku`ieo dereo yl
ogiehl.

 Zfrdereoeh 2:% af etes dereo dglehtg dfhleh sfsueg dfhleh dereo yl ogiehl.

Fstg`esg binnd vniu`f

Tehde-tehde T] G T] GG T] GGG
AV  H Zumet Zumet sfaeig
Earei Oehlet Dghlgh ]ehlet dghlgh
Afsedereh  H Dgsnrfhtesg, lfigseo @fhuruh se`peg an`e
 Hedg Mfpet 5::-2:: x/` Ifbgo 52: x/`
Tfhsg  H @fhuruh 7:-5:: ``ol ]ystnif 9 3: ``ol
]fsea heces - Rghleh ++
Vrghf  H Niglurge Ehurge

Les dereo  H Ze
Ze N2
N2 `fhuruh
`fhuruh Ze
Ze N2
N2 `fhuruh
`fhuruh
 

MSZ H Rfhdeo ]ehlet rfhdeo

Binnd inss % FBS ]e`peg ]e`peg  Ifbgo 6:%

5:% =:%