PROBLEM 1:

V:

P=30 inHg – 20 inHg = 10 inHg or 0.0338639 MPa

F:

10000 kg/hr

68 °F

10 °Balling

S:
S:
390 K
400 K
1 MPa
2 atm or 0.20265 MPa

56 °Balling

OMB:
F=L+V
kg
10000 =L+V
hr
kg kg
10000 =1785.714286 + V
hr hr
kg
V =8214.285714
hr
Component Balance:
F x f =L x L

(10000 hkgr ) (10 ° Balling )=L ( 56 ° Balling )

kg
L=1785.714286
hr
Deriving Enthalpy Balance (not constant pressure):
H=U + PV ;dH =dU + PdV +VdP
U =Q+ W ; dU =dQ+ d W
dH =dQ+dW + PdV +VdP ; dW =−PdV
 dH =dQ+VdP ; P=ρg h ; dQ=C v dT

dH =C v dT +Vd ( ρg h ) =C v dT +Vg h ( dρ )
H2 T2 ρ2

∫ ❑ dH =C v ∫ ❑dT +Vg h∫ ❑ dρ
H1 T1 ρ1

H 2−H 1=Cv ( T 2−T 1 ) +Vg h ( ρ 2−ρ1 )

Heat Balance:
S λ s=L hL +V H v −F h f

[
S λ s=L C v ( T L −T 1 ) +
L
gh
ρ
( ] [
ρ 2−ρ1 ) +V H v −F C v ( T F−T 1 ) +
F
gh
(ρ − ρ )
ρ 2 1 ]
Interpolation of values:
Solving for λs:
T s=400 K

P=0.20265 MPa
T P, MPa Hs, kJ/mol Hs, kJ/kg
400 0.1 49.189
400 0.20265 44.6748636 2722.354958
400 0.24577 48.924

T, K P, MPa hs, kJ/mol hs, kJ/kg

300 1 2.0444
390 1 8.85398 491.8877778
400 1 9.6106

λ s=H s−h s=2722.354958−491.8877778

kJ
λ s=2230.46718
kg
Solving for Hv:
P=0.0338639 MPa
T, K P, MPa
340 0.027188
344.6059749 0.0338639
350 0.041682

T v =344.6059749 K
 T, K P Hv, kJ/mol Hv, kJ/kg

340 0.027188 47.212

344.6059749 0.0338639 47.35340343 2630.744635
350 0.041682 47.519

Solving for CvF and CvL:

cal 4.184 J 1000 g 1 kJ
Cv ( @20 ℃ )=0.275 x x x
fructose
g−° C 1 cal 1 kg 1000 J
kJ
Cv =1.1506
fructose
kg−℃
For H2O (@20 °C):

T, K Cv, kJ/mol-K Cv, kJ/kg-K

290 0.075095
293.15 0.074879855 4.159991944
300 0.074412

10 ° Balling=10 wt . %
56 ° Balling=56 wt . %
Cv mixture
=0.10 (1.1506 )+ ( 1−0.1 ) ( 4.159991944 )

Cv mixture
=0.56 ( 1.1506 ) + ( 1−0.56 )( 4.159991944 )

kJ
❑v ( @ F )=3.85905275
mixture
kg−k
kJ
❑v ( @ L )=2.474732455
mixture
kg−K
Solving for Density (@F)
T F =68 ℉=20 ℃ ;T 1=17.5 ℃
For H2O (20 °C):

T, K Density, mol/dm3 Density, kg/m3

290 55.440
293.15 55.400625 997.21125
300 55.315

For H2O (17.5 °C):

 T, K Density, mol/dm3 Density, kg/m3
290 55.440
290.65 55.431875 997.77375
300 55.315

For Fructose (20 °C):

T, F Sp. Gr. Density, kg/m3

60 1.1100
68 1.1152 1115.2
80 1.1230

For Fructose (17.5 °C):

T, F Sp. Gr. Density, kg/m3

60 1.1100
63.5 1.112275 1112.275
80 1.1230

Solving for Density Average (hF):

997.77375+1112.275 kg
ρ 1= =1055.024375 3
2 m
997.21125+1115.2 kg
ρ 2= =1056.205625 3
2 m

Solving for Density (@L):

T L =344.6059749 K
For H2O (TL):

T, K Density, mol/dm3 Density, kg/m3

340 54.371
344.6059749 54.22268761 976.0083769
350 54.049

For H2O (17.5 °C):

T, K Density, mol/dm3 Density, kg/m3

290 55.440
290.65 55.431875 997.77375
300 55.315

For Fructose (TL):

 T, F Sp. Gr. Density, kg/m3
160 1.1589
160.6207548 1.158903104 1158.903104
180 1.1590

For Fructose (17.5 °C):

T, F Sp. Gr. Density, kg/m3

60 1.1100
63.5 1.112275 1112.275
80 1.1230

Solving for Density Average (hL):

997.77375+1112.275 kg
ρ 1= =1055.024375 3
2 m
976.0083769+1158.903104 kg
ρ2= =1067.45574 3
2 m
Solving for Height Average:

7 ft

h ave
=
( 7− )
7
6 35
= ft
2 12
h ave=0.889 m
Substitution:

[
S λ s=L C v ( T L −T 1 ) +
L
gh
ρ
( ] [
ρ2−ρ1 ) +V H v −F C v ( T F−T 1 ) +
F
gh
(ρ −ρ )
ρ 2 1 ]
gh
For C v ( T L −T 1) + ( ρ −ρ ) :
L
ρ 2 1
( 9.81 )( 2.1336 )
¿ 2.474732455 ( 344.6059749−290.65 ) + ( 1067.45574−1055.024375 )
1067.45574
kJ
¿ 133.7703558
kg
 gh
For C v ( T F−T 1 ) + ( ρ −ρ )
F
ρ 2 1
( 9.81 ) (2.1336 )
¿ 3.85905275 ( 293.15−290.65 ) + ( 1056.205625−1055. 024375 )
1056.205625
kJ
¿ 9.67104047
kg
S ( 2230.46718 )=1785.714286 ( 133.7703558 ) +8214.285714 ( 2630.744635 )−10000 ( 9.67104047 )
kg
S=9752.151253
hr
V 8214.285714
SE= =
S 9752.151253
STEAM ECONOMY =0.8423