1- What is a language and what are some necessary components of language?

A system of signs used for communication in siciolinguistics. A system of linguistic Human

communication, communication by a group.  Lexican: (Vocabulary of person language) morphology,
phonology, syntax, pragmatics, semantics, morphemes
A system of signs used for communications in sociolinguistics. One focus is on how to define
boundaries of such a system. Such as Syntax-is the set of rules, principles, and processes that
govern the structure of sentences in a given language. Phonology-is the study of how sounds are
organized and used in natural languages.Context-Context is how everything within
language works together to convey a particular meaning. Lexicon-has to do with vocabulary
and linguistics, the morphemes of a language.

2-How do we create our social identities and why in some instances we try to hide our social
identity?
We create our own identity, knowing that identity is not something you have, is something you
do. Identity can be constructed though a variety of linguistic means, the language, you speak, the
way how we act and what we like makes us to create our own identity as well from where we
come from. It is also categorized members from a group and foundation aspect of our own self.
Sometimes we try to hide our identity to fit in. Because what we do is not relevant to the
group or sometimes categorization makes us think and act like everyone in a particular social
environment.

3- What is the difference between competence and performance in linguistics?

4- Does linguistic variation always equal dialect?

5- Explain the Whorfian hypothesis and give one example to support it and one to contradict it.

6- Explain how Creole language was created.

7- what are isoglosses?

8- what is an ethnic dialect?

9- In the countries with at least 2 official languages, how do people communicate?

10- what are some specific elements of how people use English in NY?

11- How does language differ among different communities?

12-How do create new words and how do they enter mainstream language?
some words are created by adoption, global trading, by expansion
13- What is lingua franca and how does a language become lingua franca? a common language
used to communicate in situations in which speakers of different languages interact. It is the
main language that holds power usually having to do with economics.

14- How does language affect social communication among different social groups?
Language varies by gender, social class, age, ethnicity according to social status. Some words
can take a different meaning based on your status in society.

15- How do we collect data in linguistics?

They collect data after investigation has been made about variables that confirm or refute the
hypothesize. In sociolinguistics, this task has two basic dimensions: devising some kind of plan
for collecting relevant data, and then collecting such data from a representative sample of
speakers.

16- what is the perfect speaker/ informant for linguistic purposes?

PC language, being politically correct, hypothesis language such as the native language

17 what are some elements that would make us dislike a language/ accent/ or social identity?
Discrimination and prejudice

18- what are some reasons that people do not learn English even though they have lived here for
many years?
They don’t want to learn because they’re too embarrassed, not committed to the language, speak
native language only, they really do not need English, they focus on their own mistakes.

19- in a short paragraph, explain how you would work with a student whose accent makes it
impossible to understand him/her?
If I am having a problem in understanding the student, I can find different methods to teach such
as Draw, help to make sure the child understands the lesson plan, learn different learning styles,
re-word sentences to make it easier. Speak Slow. Learn some words in their native language.
Reward. Find a friend for the student that speak their language-

20- How can we leave our bias outside the classroom door and is that an achievable task?
Education environments, you should set the tone in a classroom, respect is the most important
factor. Do not stereotype individuals
1 What is a language and what are some necessary components of language? A system of signs used for communications in sociolinguistics.
One focus is on how to define boundaries of such a system. Such as Syntax-is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the
structure of sentences in a given language. Phonology-is the study of how sounds are organized and used in natural languages.Context-
Context is how everything within language works together to convey a particular meaning. Lexicon-has to do with vocabulary and
linguistics, the morphemes of a language. 
2 How do we create our social identities and why in some instances we try to hide our social identity? Increase our self-image we enhance the
status of the group to which we belong, how we speak and act.  How you categorize our self of who we are, social identification in which
we adapt the identity of the group we have categorized our self as belonging. If you are from a certain area and don’t share.  How you
speak
 3. What is the difference between competence and performance in linguistics? Chomsky- Linguistics task to characterize what speakers know
about their language and is their competence and what they do with their language, that is the performance.
 4. Does linguistic variation always equal dialect? When assessed on dialect and language they all have equal merit. Linguistics a language better
than the other. Variation = dialect
 5 Explain the Whorfian hypothesis and give one example to support it and one to contradict it.  -Claims that the structure of a language
influences how its speakers view the world.  The structure of a language determines or greatly influences the modes of thought and
behavior characteristic of the culture in which it is spoken. Example ow sexist language influences the way in which our society views
men and women. For instance, we use words like 'fireman,' 'policeman,' and 'male nurse.'  
6 Explain how Creole language was created. – Type of contact language/elaborated and nativized: compare with pidgin and mixed languages.
----Creole language based largely on 18th century French with influences from Portuguese, Spanish, English, Taíno, and West African
languages. Haitian Creole emerged from contact between French settlers and African slaves during the Atlantic slave trade in the French
colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti).  Contemporary AAE can be traced back to this creole language
 7 what are isoglosses? -A line which marks the distinction between the use of one variant and another for a Linguistic Feature
 8 what is an ethnic dialect? Distinct language spoken by members of a group Socioethnic dialect assimilation of dialect
 9 In the countries with at least 2 official languages, how do people communicate?-Bilingualism, language of choice, mix codes
(interchangeable)
10 what are some specific elements of how people use English in NY? -People in NY pronounce some words differently they change the sound
of th for dh bh.
11 How does language differ among different communities? -Community Share a set of linguistic norms and expectations how the language
should be used.
12 How do create new words and how do they enter mainstream language?
Some new words are ephemeral, tied to cultural or technical concepts which fade in significance. Others stay the course, usually because they
represent concepts which have become permanent features of society.
 13 What is lingua franca and how does a language become lingua franca? Common Language English, by dominant groups for daily use travel,
trade, technology.  a shared language of communication used between people whose main languages are different. Lingua francas have
developed around the world throughout human history, sometimes for commercial reasons (so-called "trade languages") but also for
cultural, religious, diplomatic and administrative convenience, and as a means of exchanging information between scientists and other
scholars of different nationalities.[3][4]The term originates with one such language, Mediterranean Lingua Franca.
14 How does language affect social communication among different social groups? Language varies by genre, social class age, ethnicity
according to social class some words can mean something different.  Occupation, income and education
15 How do we collect data in linguistics? Observers paradox, Correlational studies, Micro linguistic Studies, Discourse analysis, macro linguistic
studies, critical analyses and qualitative Investigation samples.
16 what is the perfect speaker/ informant for linguistic purposes? A native speaker who acts as a linguistic reference for the language being
studied. PC language -
17 what are some elements that would make us dislike a language/ accent/ or social identity? -Social Identity -Discrimination -Misinformed -
Prejudice  
18 what are some reasons that people do not learn English even though they have lived here for many years?  -Embarrassed to speak a new
language, rely on native language. Difficulty to acquire 2nd language
19  in a short paragraph, explain how you would work with a student whose accent makes it impossible to understand him/her? -If I am having
a problem in understanding the student, I can find different methods to teach such as Draw, help to make sure the child understands the
lesson plan, learn different learning styles, re-word sentences to make it easier. Speak Slow. Learn some words in their native language.
Reward. Find a friend for the student that speak their language-
20 How can we leave our bias outside the classroom door and is that an achievable task? -Education environments, you should set the tone in a
classroom, respect is the most important factor. Do not stereotype individuals