j8fWoIf vftLnfO{ sfnf]df];f] Û
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
jif{ !%, c+s !^,
tLg a'“b] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog clGtd r/0fdf
l5§} d'2f vf/]h / aGbL l/xf x'g]
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08 / u[xdGqL
afns[i0f vfF0f, sfg'g Gofo tyf
;+;bLo dfldnf dGqL lbn]Gb|k|;fb
a8', dxfGofofwLjQmf vDaxfb'/ vftL,
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h u/fP/} 5f8\g] pb\3f]if Û k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ul/Psf] d"Noj[l4, tTsfn lkmtf{ lng bafa
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{;lxt 5 /fhgLlts kf6L{ / b'O{
df]rf{n] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h
u/fP/} 5f8\g] pb\3f]if u/]sf 5g\ .
a' w af/ sf7df8f} F d f cfof] l ht
Pd;L;Llj?4 lj/f]w k|bz{g kl5
cfof]lht ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
pgLx?n] ;f] pb\3f]if u/]sf x'g\ . pQm
;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6
b]pjf–k|r08sf] ‘uf]Kokq’ ;fd|fHojfbL bnfnLs/0fsf] k/fsfi7f Û
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
cGt/f{li6«o ljefusf OGrfh{ wd]{Gb|
af:tf]nf …s~rgÚ n] k|wfgdGqL
z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf
cWoIf k|r08n] ldn]lgod Rofn]Gh
skf]{/];gnfO{ uf]Ko ¿kdf n]v]sf]
;dk{0f–kq aflxl/Pkl5 pgLx¿n]
ljb] z L;fd' u/] s f] bnfnL,
/fli6« o tflj?4 cb" / blz{ t f /
s" 6 gLltsf gfddf aRsgfkg
kbf{kmf; ePsf]7f]s'jf ub}{ /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L kl/of]hgf ;+;b\af6 kfl/t
gug{ r]tfjgLlbPsf 5g\ . pgn]
lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ Pd;L;L ;Dk"0f{
¿kn] /fi6«3ftL kl/of]hgf ePsfn]
ufpFkflnsfsf] k5fl8 Psn dlxnfsf
@)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/ (Feb. 13, 2022)
u[x;lrj 6]sgf/fo0f kf08], u[x
dGqfnosf k|jQmfaLr tLg a'Fb]
;xdlt sfof{ G jogsf ljifodf
5nkmn ePsf] 5 . zlgaf/ u[x
dGqfnodf ePsf] pQm a}7sdf
kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lr/0f k'g
ldngn] Pd;L;L lj?4sf] cfGbf]ng
;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] cfjfh ePsf] 7f]sj' f
ub}{ /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h
ug{s ' f] lasNk gePsf] atfP . pgn]
s'g} klg xfntdf Pd;L;L nfu" ug{
glbg] pb\3f]if ub}{ Pd;L;L lj?4sf]
cfGbf]ng g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jfwLgtfsf]
cfGbf]ng ePsf]n] cd]l/sfsf] k};f,
o;sf] k"0f{ vf/]hLsf nflu cfGbf]lnt
eO/xg cfXjfg;d]tu/]sf 5g\ . g]tf
s~rgn] ;f] d af/ hf/L u/] s f]
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5, …ldn]lgod
Rofn]Gh skf]{/];gnfO{ uf]Ko ¿kdf
k| w fgdGqL z] / axfb' / b] p jf /
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf k|r08n]
n] v ] s f] ;dk{ 0 f–kq
aflxl/Pkl5 pgLx¿n]
ljb]zL;fd' u/]sf] bnfnL,
/fli6«otflj?4
cb"/blz{tf / s"6gLltsf
gfddf aRsgfkg
kbf{ k mf; ePsf] 5 .
Pd;L;L g]kfnsf nflu
/fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf lyof]
/ xf] eq] oyfy{
;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf
w]/}–w]/} a'Fbfx¿n] k|:6
u5{g\ . ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf
k| f jwfgx¿, To;kl5 Pd;LPn]
dGqfnox¿nfO{ u/]sf lgb]{zg /
cd]l/sL clwsf/Lx¿n] pgLx¿ dfly
lbPsf cltl/Qm bafasf] Jojxf/af6
:jod\ ;/sf/;Lgx¿ of] /fi6«3ftL
xf] eGg]df c;xdt 5}gg\ . of]
-af“ s L # k] h df_
;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjogsf ;Gbe{df ePsf] sfd /
k|ult ljj/0f k|:t't ePsf] lyof],
h;df d'2fsf] ljj/0f k|:t't x'Fbf
cbfntdf rln/x]sf !%(, lhNnf
kfj/, xltof/;Fu g8/fpg] atfP .
;f]xL ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ /fli6«o
hgdf]rf{sf cWoIf lrqaxfb'/ s];Ln]
cd] l /sfn] Pd;L;Lsf gfddf
g]kfnnfO{ v;L b]vfP/ km;L{ le/fpg
vf]h]sf] 7f]s'jf ub}{ eg], …cd]l/sfn]
lbg] k};f g]kfndf cfP/ ljsf; x'g]
eP g]kfnL hgtfx¿ Pd;L;Lsf]
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
Pd;L;Llj?å a[xt cfGbf]ngsf] cfjZostf
!= uDeL/ /fi6« 3 ftL ;lGw
;Demf} t fdf sf+ u | ] ; s} g] t [ T j
lsg < M g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf
dxf;lrj ljKnjsf] g]kfnL sf+u; ]| sf]
ljifodf ul/Psf] Pp6f ;+Zn]if0f
cToGt ;xL 5 . ljKnjsf] k|Zg 5 M
uDeL/ /fi6«3ftL ;lGw ;Demf}tfnfO{
;+;baf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg] ljifonfO{
g] k fnL sf+ u | ] ; s} g] t [ T j lsg <
ljKnjsf] ;'emfa 5 M g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n]
cfkm\gf] Oltxf;sf] ;ldIff ug'k{ b{5 .
Pd;L;L klg ha/h:tL ;+;baf6
kfl/t ug]{ b':;fx; b]pjf ;/sf/n]
ug'{ x'Fb}g . olb kfl/t ul/of] eg]
Pd;L;L lj/f]wL /fi6«jfbL u7aGwg
agfP/ cfGbf] n gdf hfg] zfx;
ug'{kb{5 . ;+;bdf /x]sf dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb| / PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL olb
jf:tjd} /fli6«otfsf] kIfdf pleg
vf] h ] s f] xf] eg] gofF /fi6« j fbL
u7aGwgsf nflu tof/ x'g'kb{5 .
olb a[xt /fi6«jfbL u7aGwg agfpg
;lsPdf x'g;S5 Pd;L;Lsf] kIfdf
dtbfg ug]{ ;f+;bx?nfO{ b]z lgsfnf
d"No ?= !).–
k|zf;g sfof{nodf @(&, k|x/L
cg';Gwfgdf ( j6f d'2f /x]sf] ljj/0f
k|fKt ePsf] / of]aLrdf g]skf /
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{dfly ;fd|fHojfbL / bnfnx?sf] xdnf
qmflGtnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] lbjf:jKgf
sf7df8f}F . PsLs[t hgqmflGtdfkm{t\ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL :yfkgf ug]{ nIo;lxt
cufl8 a9]sf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / To;sf zLif{:y g]tflj?4 kl5Nnf] ;do
kf6L{dfly ;+ljwfg / k|rlnt lgod, sfg'gsf] ;d]t wHhL p8fpFb} k|ltaGw nufof] .
;/sf/sf] k|ltaGw afah'b pQm kf6L{n] cfˆgf] j}1flgs -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;+oQ ' m
hj; s]Gb|Lo ;+of]hg ;ldltsf
;+of]hs ldngn] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{dfly
ug{ ;lsof];\ . ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5, g]kfnL
sf+u; ]| Pd;L;Lsf] kIfdf plePsf] 5
t/ ToxfFleqsf] /fi6«jfbL zlQmn] ljb|fx]
ug{;Sg] jftfj/0f agfOlbg'k5{ .
k|sf08sf] ;+Zn]if0f ;xL 5 M Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf Oltxf;s} ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
/fi6«3ft aGof] . lsgls Pd;L;Lsf]
dfWodaf6 b]z} /xg] jf g/xg] k|Zg
plAhof] . b] z nfO{ rLglj?4sf]
cd]l/sL o'4sf] tof/L ug]{ xltof/
e08f/sf] e"ld agfpg] if8\oGqnfO{
6'n6' n ' ' x]//] a:g' dxfe"n x'g5
] . rLg
/ cd]l/sfaLrsf] o'4e"ld g]kfnnfO{
agfpg] if8\oGq xfdLnfO{ :jLsfo{ 5}g .
;do o:tf] cfPsf] 5 ls ;a}
/fi6«jfbL zlQmx? Ps 7fpFdf pleg'
ckl/xfo{ ag]sf] 5 .
@= Pd;L;Ldf bnfn /
e| i 6x?n] ¥ofn sf8] s f 5g\ –
s]xL k|j[lQx? k};fsf nflu h] klg
ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ . pgLx? k};fsf
nflu cfkm}FnfO{ klg a]Rg tof/
x'G5g\ . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, Pd;L;Lsf]
k};fdf bnfn / e|i6rf/Lx?n] ¥ofn
kf6L{lgs6 o'jf ;+u7gs~rgk'/n]
a]N8f8L ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ @ sf
cWoIf k|d] vftLnfO{ sfnf]df];f] bn]sf]
5 . ;f] ;+u7gn] j8fWoIf vfltn]
;/sf/aLr ePsf jftf{ /
;xdltcg';f/ d'2f vf/]h ug]{ / aGbL
l/xf ug]{ ;DaGwdf #% j6f d'2f
ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWoddf
skf] n slNkt / e| f ds
;dfrf/x? k|sfzg eO/x]sf
5g\ . jt{ d fg ;+ ; bLo
Joj:yfaf6 b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQm
;Dej 5} g eGb} j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbsf] nIo lnP/
;+3if{/t pQm kf6L{kl| tsf] hgnx/
b]v/] tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] pQm
ePsf] d"Noj[l4n] /fi6« / gful/s
hghLljsfsf] ax'cfoflds kIfx¿;Fu
k'u/] :jtM 6s/fpg] ePsfn] tTsfn
o;nfO{ lkmtf{ lng' kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ .
sf8]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] ;f/f ;DklQ
a|Xdn'6 u/], b]znfO{ ;+;f/s} s+ufn
/ lesf/L agfP clg abnfdf cfk"m
c/aklt / v/aklt eP t/, cem}
klg pgLx?nfO{ k'u]g . Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf eg]sf] 3'dfO{ lkm/fO{ b]z a]Rg'
h:t} xf] . hgtfsf] oqf] lj/f]wsf aLr
klg Pd;L;Lsf] kIfdf ax; lsg <
o;sf] :ki6 sf/0f xf] M e|i6 /
bnfnx?n] km]l/ klg Pd;L;Lsf] k};fdf
¥ofn sf8]sf 5g\ . w]/} bnfnx?n]
Pd;L;Laf6 k};f vfO;s]sf 5g\ .
lji0f' kGt
nflu @* nfvdf agfPsf] $ sf]7]
ejgdf ;d]t clgoldttf u/]sf]
x'gfn], a;kfs{sf nflu egL
NofPsf] lu§L afn'jf @& l6Kk/
a]r]sfn], j8f sfo{nodf
pkl:yt geO{ ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{
cg]s afxgfdf b'Mv lbPsfn],
sflnlsr pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]
sfof{nob]lv SofDk;Ddsf] ;8s
lgdf{ 0 fdf klg cfly{ s
clgldottf ePsfn} j8f
cWoIfvfltnfO{ sfnf]df];f] bn]/
sf/afxL u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
o; ljifodf g] k fn
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ l gs6 o' j f
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
;dfwfg eO;s]sf] dxfGofofwLjQmf
sfof{non] hgfPsf] ljj/0f k|:t't
ePsf] lyof] .
pQm a}7sdf u[xdGqL afns[i0f
vfF0fn] tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt nfu" ug]{
;jfndf g]skfsf k|jQmf k|sf08 /
;/sf/sf k| l tlglwaLr ePsf]
;xdltk|lt ;/sf/ b[9 ePsf] eGb}
sfo{ku| lt eO/x]sf] atfPsf lyP eg]
sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnfdGqL
lbn]Gb|k|;fb a8'n] tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjog u/f}F / To;sf lglDt
sfo{nfO{ k"0f{tf lbcf}F eGg] ;/sf/sf]
:ki6 wf/0ff /x]sf] atfPsf lyP .
pQm a}7sdf g]skfsf k|jQmf
k| s f08n] of] a Lrdf kf6L{ /
;/sf/aLr ePsf jftf{ / tLg a'Fb]
;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf] ;jfndf d'2f
vf/]hL / aGbLnfO{ l/xfO ug]{ sfo{df
ePsf] l9nfOn] hgtfdf cqmf]z /
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
;f] lgs6 ;o'Qm ha;sf] cfof]hgfdf
k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df eO/x]sf] d"Noj[l4,
;d:of / lgsf; ljifos cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmddf cfwf/ gf]6 k|:t't ub}{
g]tf ldngn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ .
g]tf ldngn] cfwf/ gf]6 k|:t't ub}{
clxn] xfd|f] b]z lgs} s7Lg / hl6n
df]8df k'u]sf] rrf{ ub}{ Psflt/
/fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] ;jfn lgs} ;ËLg
ag]sf] 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ hghLljsfsf]
;jfn lgs} lgd{d, ;Í6u|:t /
sxfnLnfUbf] cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf]
7f]s'jf u/] . pgn] eg]– …rf}tkmL{
d" N oj[ l 4, htftt} e| i 6frf/,
sld;gvf]/, sfnf]ahf/L, t:s/Lsf]
laulauL g} 5, cg]sf}F sf08x¿n]
ubf{ d' n ' s aaf{ b Lsf] lbzftkm{
s'lb/x]sf] 5 . b]zdf n'6kf6, xTof,
lx+;f, anfTsf/n] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 eGg]
s'/f /fVb}, nfvf}F o'jfx¿ ljb]z
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
ljleGg axfgf / zLif{sdf Tof] /sd
vfO/x]sf 5g\ .
#= kIf / ljkIfdf /fli6« o
ljefhg M Pd;L;Lsf] kIf /
ljkIfdf hgdt b'O{ wf/df ljeflht
ag]sf] 5 . hgdtnfO{ a'em\g] xf] eg]
Pd;L;Lsf] ljkIfdf hgtf plePsf
5g\ . y'k|} e|d / s'k|rf/sf] sf/0f
hgdtdf Ps?ktf cfpg afFsL 5 .
hgtfn] a'em\b} 5g\ / hgcfqmf]zsf]
tx a9\b} 5 . olb g]tfx? / bnx?n]
lxDdt ug]{ xf] eg] Ps lbg Pd;L;L
kIfw/x? b]zaf6 efUg' kg]{ x'g]5 .
/fli6«o :jflwgtf hf]ufpg] of] Pp6f
;'gf}nf] cj;/ xf] / w'|jLs/0fnfO{
;+ul7t u/fpg] ;fx; g]tfx?n]
ug'{k5{ . ;+sL0f{tfx? af]s]/ clg
l;4fGtx? af]s]/ dfq s]xL x'g]jfnf
5}g . v'nf jf rf}8f 5ftL agfP/
Pd;L;Lsf] ljkIfdf gofF
hgcfGbf]nggsf] 3f]if0ff u/f}+ t, clg
s] x'G5 x]/f}+nf .
$= gof“ ;+ o ' Q m
-af“sL ^ k]hdf_
 2 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/

k]
6
ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}

✍ ;DkfbsLo
f
« l
] nod kbfy{
d
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
f eO/x]
s f] d"
N oj[
l 4, ;d:of
ljifo k|j]z
/ lgsf; o;k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4 clgjfo{ g} lgudn] tof/ kf/] s f] k|sf/sf] e"ldsfn] s'g} cy{ / dxTTj
lgs} dxTTjk"0f{ / hg;/f]sf/sf] ePsf] xf] < ljj/0fcg';f/ ?= &^=## df /fVg'kb}g{ <
:yfgLo lgjf{rg xf]Og, hgdt ;+ux| u/f}+ ljifosf ;Gbe{df cfh xfdL 5nkmndf
h'l6/x]sf 5f}F . clxn] xfd|f] b]z lgs} s7Lg
@_ cGt/f{li6«o ahf/sf] d"No ;dfof]hg
ubf{ o;k|sf/sf] cj:yf l;h{gf
lsg]sf] ! ln6/ k]6f« n
!#^ df laqmL ubf{, jf ?=
] nfO{ ?= !#_ s] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4df
;fd|fHojfbL bnfn cy{gLlt /
b]zsf] /fhgLlt lbgk|ltlbg ;+s6u|:t aGb} uO/x]sf] / hl6n df]8df 5 . Psflt/ /fli6«o ug'k{ g]{ afWotfTds cj:yf l;h{gf &^=%% df lsg]sf] ! ln6/ ;+ ; f/e/ ;~rflnt skf] { / ] 6
:jfwLgtfsf] ;jfn lgs} ;ª\uLg ag]sf] ePs} xf] < l8hnnfO{ ?= !!( df laqmL k'h
F Ljfbsf] s'g} e"ldsf 5}g <
5 . /fi6«, /fli6«otf / hghLljsfdfly lbgk|ltlbg ;+s6 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ hghLljsfsf] ;jfn #_ s] cfhsf] cj:yfdf Ps ;/sf/L ubf{ ; d] t /fi6« / cfon !$_ s] o;f] x'gd' f dfgjLo ;+jb] gzLntf,
ylkFb} 5 . emG8} b'O ltxfO{ ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ 9fn]/ lgs} lgd{d, ;ª\s6u|:t / sxfnLnfUbf] Jofkfl/s ;+:yfx¿n] hlxNo} 3f6f lgudnfO{ 3f6f / hgtfnfO{ ;fdflhs g}ltstf / ;fdflhs
cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . rf}tkmL{ Joxf]gk{' g]{ / To;sf] af]´ hgtfn] ;f:tL x'gs ' f] sf/s / 5'k?] :td cfr/0f dfgjLo cg' z f;g
k/dfb]zsf] andf u7aGwgsf] ;/sf/ ag]sf] 5 . t/, of] d"Noj[l4, htftt} e|i6frf/, sld;gvf]/, v]Kg'kg]{ g} x'G5 < tTj s'g / s] xf] <_ . ;Dk"0f{¿kdf dl/;s]sf] cj:yfdf
;/sf/n] b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf l;Gsf];d]t efFRg ;s]sf] sfnf]ahf/L, t:s/Lsf] laulauL g} 5 . $_ s] o; k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4df r'jfx6, (_ sfo{;DkGg ug]n{ fO{ eGbf b]Vg]nfO{ k'us] } xf] <
cg]sf}F sf08x¿n] ubf{ d'ns ' aaf{bLsf] larf}lnof rnv]n, e|i6frf/, nfh eg]h:t} of] jif{ @)&* df !%_ k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] ljsNkx¿ 5g\
5}g . a? ;/sf/s} sf/0f htftt} eb|uf]nsf] l:ylt ;[hgf lbzftkm{ s'lb/x]sf] 5 . b]zdf n'6kf6, dfq} ! ln6/ k]6f« n] nfO{ jz} fv $ jf 5}gg\ < To;tkm{ ;DalGwt kIf
xTof, lx+;f, anfTsf/n] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 . df ?= !@!, h]7 @ ut] ?= / lgsfosf] Wofg 5 jf 5}g <
ePsf] 5 . dxFuL, e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] nfvf}F o'jfx¿ ljb]z knfog, lzIff, !@#, h]7 @@ ut] ?= !@%, Go'gLs/0fsf ljsNkx¿sf] vf]hL
5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ 7Kk ePsf 5g\ . :jf:Yo, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff c;f/ ( ut] ?= !@&, c;f/ ug'k{ 5{ jf kb}g{ < cflb ljifo;d]t
´g} si6k"0f{ / bogLo aGb} uPsf] 5 . @@ ut] ?= !@(, ebf} & ut] cfpF5g\ .
b]z cfGtl/s ?kdf sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 eg] j}b]lzs of] kl/j]zdf xfd|f] hglk|o kf6L{ g]kfn ?= !#), sflQs !@ ut] ?= To;}n,] o:tf cg]sf}F k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/
x:tIf]kn] v'nf ?k lnPsf] 5 . t/, o;df ;/sf/ / sDo'lg:6 kf6L{lgs6 ;+oS' t hj;x¿sf] !##, sflQs @% ut] !#^ / jf xn hgtfn] vf]Hg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5
cfof]hgf ;DkGg x'g nflu/x]sf] of] df3 !* ut] ?= !$@ df / ! ls 5}g < o;df gful/s / lhDd]jf/
;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfnfO{ s'g} lrGtf / rf;f] 5}g . pgLx? cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd lgs} dxTjk"0f{ / ln6/ d§Lt]nnfO{ To;}u/L j}zfv /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ To;df klg
;do ;fGble{s aGg]5 . lgs} k|j4' , $ ut] ?= !)$, h]7 @ ut] ?= qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] e"ldsf
b]zdf cfˆgf] n'6sf] :ju{ sfod /fVg b]z / hgtfsf] cWoogzLn / 1ftf cltlyjStfHo"x¿sf] !)^, h]7 @@ ut] ?= !)*, d"sbz{s aG5 ls aGb}g < To;f] ug'{
Ph]G8f 5f]8]/ Pd;L;L h:tf] /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 cfjZos b[li6sf]0f / ;'´fjx¿n] cjZo c;f/ ( ut] !!), c;f/ @@ ;xL x'G5 ls x'bF g} < o; k|sf/sf]
kf; u/fpg sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf 5g\ . oL ;a} x'gd' f s'g}
of] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdnfO{ ´g} ;fy{s
/ cfGbf]ngd'vL agfpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf
lr/g k'g ‘ldng’ ut] ?= !!@, ebf} & ut] ?=
!!#, sflQs !@ ut] ?= !!^,
ultljlwdf /fHosf] d"sbz{skg s] ;xL
xf] < cfsfl;Fbf] d"Noj[l4nfO{ tTsfn vf/]h
/fhgLlts bn / g]tfeGbf klg Joj:yf g} bf]ifL xf] . v]Ng]g} 5 . sld;gvf] / , t:s/L, sflQs @% ut] ?= !!( / ug{ dfly plNnlvt ljifox¿df ;'wf/
‘k] 6 « f ] l nod kbfy{ d f eO/x] s f] sfnf]ahfl/ofx¿sf] s'g} e"ldsf df3 !* ut] !@% x'gu] /L / jf ;RrfP/ jf b]lvPsf plNnlvt
ha;Dd ;+;bLo Joj:yf /xG5, ta;Dd b]z / hgtf d"Noj[l4, ;d:of / lgsf;’ 5}g/ < To;} cg'kftdf cGo k]6f« l] nod ljs[ l tx¿nfO{ cGTo u/] / jf
cfhsf] d'Vo ljifo oxL xf] . g]kfn %_ o; k|sf/sf] cj:yf l;h{gf x'g kbfy{x¿nfO{ laqmL ug]{ ;/sf/ / pQ/bfloTjdf lhDd]jf/ aGg / a9]sf]
oxL uf]nrSs/df km:g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . t;y{, b]z / cfon lgud ln= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, 6]s,' bnfn k'FhLjfbL /fHo;Qfsf] cfon lgudsf] u}/lhDd]jf/ tl/sf d"Noj[l4nfO{ vf/]h ug{ pko'St x'G5 ls
hgtfnfO{ of] bn–bnaf6 kf/ nufpg ;+;bLo Joj:yfs} sf7df08f}n] clGtd ldlt @)&* df3 u}/lhDd]jf/ gful/s gLltsf] s'g} / b'lgofFnfO{ rlst kfg]{ sfo{zn} L x'bF g} <
!* ut] lgudsf ;xk|jStf k'is/ sfsL{sf] e"ldsf /xFbg} < s] :jfefljs / j:t'k/s 5 jf o:tf] u}/lhDd]jf/ /fHoJoj:yf,
ljsNk vf]Hg'kg]{ ;do cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf g]kfn x:tfIf/df k|;] lj1lKt g} hf/L u/]/ ^_ s] o; k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4 x'gd' f b]lvG5g\ < cg' Q /bfoL /fHosf] cy{ g Lltsf]
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] eg]h:tf] hgdt ;+ux| dfkm{t\ s:tf] zf;g clGtdk6s k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df lgw{Ss lgudsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] b}lgs !)_ cfon lgudaf6 /fHo jf ;/sf/ ljsNkdf j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL
d"Noj[l4 u¥of] / dª\unaf/ /ftL !@ eQf, dfl;s eQf, jflif{s eQf, ;~rfnsx¿nfO{ l;w} sld;g, /fHoJoj:yf / j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL
Joj:yf / zf;g k|0ffnL nfu" ug]{ eGg] km};nf g]kfnL ah]b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L ;fljssf] cf}ifwL eQf, e|d0f eQf, ;'/Iff efsa08f jf cfly{s rnv]nn] s]– cy{gLltsf] dfu ug'{ c;fGble{s /
laqmLd"Nodf k]6f« n] / l8hn k|ltln6/ eQf, 6]lSgl;og / x]Nk/ eQf, slt k|efj kf/]sf] 5 / To;sf] cj:t' j fbL b[ l i6sf] 0 f x' G 5 / <
hgtfnfO{ ug{ lbg' Ps dfq pQd ljsNk xf] . hgtfn] ?= # a9fP/ ca k]6f« n] sf] k|ltln6/ ?= la/fdL eQf, rf8kj{ eQf, e"ldsf d"Noj[l4df k5{ jf kb}g{ < oyfl:yltjfbdf b]lvPsf] / ef]luPsf]
/f]h]sf] Joj:yfaf6 dfq b]z / hgtfsf] eljio pHHjn !$@ / d§Lt]nsf] k|ltln6/ ?= !@% kf];fs eQf, 3/ eQf, vfhf !!_ s] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df ;:tf] dfs]6{ , k|0ffnL / gLltx¿nfO{ cfd"n kl/jt{g
sfod u/] s f] 5 eg] cfGtl/s eQf, oftfoft eQf, k]6f« l] nod sRrf kbfy{x¿sf] cfkm}F cfoft / u/]/ gofF, j}1flgs / hgpQ/bfoL
x'g] lglZrt 5 . xjfO{OGwgdf k|ltln6/ ?= !) a9fPsf] hf]lvd eQf ;'lgg;Sg' eQ}eQfsf] t]nsf] pTkfbg ug]{ k|lqmofsf] lgsf;sf] ;Gbe{df 5nkmn ug'{ /
To;sf/0f ;/sf/n] cfufdL a}zfv #) ut] ug]{ eg]sf] 5, cflb cflb . o;sf] ;Gbe{df g]kfn s'g} e"ldsf 5}g < ;'?cft, sltko sDkgLx¿df b[li6sf]0f /fVg' s] cg'lrt x'G5 / <
cfon lgudsf] tkm{af6 cfˆgf] wf/0f &_ s] o; k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4 x'gd' f cfon p7fOg] z'Ns cflbnfO{ /fHon] oyfl:yltjfbL ;d:ofx¿nfO{ xn ug{
:yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgsf] s'g} cy{ / cf}lrTo 5}g . oxfF klg k|:t't ug'{ x'g] g} 5 . k]6f« l] nod lgudsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ jif}l{ kR5] lhDd]jf/ 9ª\un] e"ldsf v]Ng] s'/fn] j} 1 flgs / cu| u fdL lgsf;sf]
kbfy{dfly ePsf] of] d"Noj[l4n] /fi6« / afFl8g] af]g;n] s'g} e"ldsf v]ns ] f] of] l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfpg g;Sg] g} ;Defjgfaf/] 5nkmn ug'{ ck/f]w xf]
t;y{, jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf;sf] nflu cfufdL a}zfv gful/s hghLljsfsf] ax'cfoflds 5}g < cj:yf lsg aG5 xf]nf < / < jf, cfhsf] ;fGble{s cfjZostf
#) ut] tf]lsPsf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgsf] ;§f kIfx¿;Fu k'u/] :jtM 6s/fpg] 5 . *_ s] o; k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4df vl/b !@_ s] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4df ToxL xf] < of] g} cfhsf] dxTjk"0f{ ljifo
o;sf] df/n] rf}tkmL{ If]q k|efljt x'g] g} d"No, s/;lxtsf] s'n nfut, laqmL /fHo / bfloTj, ;/sf/ / hgtfsf] x'g\ . …k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df eO/x]sf]
k|ultzLn /fli6«o ;/sf/ u7g u/]/ hgdt ;+ux| ug{' plrt 5g\ . of] ;xL 5 ls 5}g < :jfefljs d"No / gfkmf–3f6fsf] c;dfg ;'Joj:yf, ;/sf/ ;~rfng ug]{ d"Noj[l4, ;d:of / lgsf;Ú af/]df
x'G5, h'g b]z, hgtf / :jod\ ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfx?sf] ¿kdf o;n] s}of}F k|Zgx¿ p7fg u/fPsf] cj:yfsf] ljj/0f x]bf{ ToxfF s'g} kf6L{ / gful/sk|lt v]Ng'kg]{ e"ldsf 5nkmn ubf{ cfhsf] HjnGt k|Zg
5. rnv]nsf] e"ldsf 5}g < -cyf{t\ / pQ/bfloTj d/]tN' o, d"sbz{s, oxL xf] . o;}leq pko'St lgsf;sf
nflu;d]t lxts/ x'g]5 . cGoyf b]z / hgtfsf] !_ s] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{dfly j]kjf{x ut !% dª\l;/df g]kfn cfon u}/lhDd]jf/, bnfn / larf}lnof ;Defjgf 5g\ .
cl:tTjdfly ;+s6 yf]kg]{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL
bn / g]tfx?lj?4 b]zsf tdfd qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, ljB't aSof}tf gltg]{ sfnf];"rLdf Û g]kfn Ol~hlgol/ª sn]hsf] @# s/f]8 lxgfldgf Û
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f s/f]8 () nfv aSof}tf c;'n u/L sf7df8f}F . ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f cg';Gwfg jlsn sfof{nonfO{ cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg
nf]stGqjfbL bn / g]tfnufot cfdhgtf ;8sdf pqg] e}/xjf ljt/0f s]Gb|n] k6s–k6s tLg ;o %& u|fxssf] ljB't k'gM h8fg ljefun] u/]sf] cg';Gwfgcg';f/ g]kfn a'emfPsf] lyof] . t/, jlsn sfof{non]
lglZrt 5 . hgtf ;8sdf pq] s] x'G5, cfk"mnfO{ tfs]tf ubf{;d]t aSof}tf glt/]sf] eGb} u/]sf] e}/xjf ljt/0f s]Gb|sf n]vf k|dv
' Ol~hlgol/ª sn]hsf k"jc{ WoIf nDaf]b/ k6s–k6s yk cg';Gwfg ug{ eGb}
@%! u|fxssf] gfdfjnL sfnf];r " Ldf cf]daxfb'/ bnf{dLn] hfgsf/L lbP . of] Gof}kfg];lxt & hgf ;~rfnsn] sn]hsf] k|ltj]bg ljefud} lkmtf{ k7fPsf] lyof] .
nf]stGqsf] 7]s]bf/ ;Demg], ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfnfO{ /fv]sf] 5 . pQm ljt/0f s]Gb|df rfn" cjlwdf dfq} rf/ ;o !) u|fxssf] @# s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sd lxgfldgf cGttM jlsn sfof{non] ;f] k|ltj]bg
jif{df dfq} Ps xhf/ gf} ;o !@ u|fxs ljB't sfl6Psf] 5, pgLx¿af6} tLg u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljefusf cg';f/ ;b/ ul/;s]sf] 5 .
;DemfO/xg' gknf{, r]tgf eof . ylkP;Fu} u|fxs ;+Vof a9]/ &( xhf/ s/f]8 %) nfv aSof}tf c;'n ug{k' g]{ Gof}kfg]n] !@ s/f]8, nj/fh e§/fO{, pk]Gb| ;fj{hlgs sDkgLsf ?kdf @)%@
rf/ ;o $^ k'us ] f] /emG8} *@ s/f]8 5 . cem} %# hgfn] nfOg sfl6Psf] uf}td, ;"oa{ xfb'/ s];L / xl/ kf08]n] @–@ b]lv ;~rflnt sn]hnfO{ Gof}kfg]
cgnfOgaf6} C0f lng ;lsg] Û
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fi6« a}s
+ n] a}s
+ Pksf] dfWodaf6 ;d]t o:tf] shf{
ljB't\ aSof}tf p7fpg afFsL 5 . ljB't
pkef]u ug]{ t/ nfdf] ;dob]lv dx;'n
5 . e}/xjf ljt/0f s]Gb|sf cg';f/ k';
d;fGt;Dd *! s/f]8 *$ nfv %(
s/f]8, /fd/Tg pkfWofon] ! s/f]8 @% cWoIf ePkl5 lghL sDkgLsf ¿kdf
ga'emfPsf u|fxs;Fu z'Ns p7fpg xhf/ b'O{ ;o %@ aSof}tf /sd p7\g
tyf ljQLo ;+ : yfx?df ca cfj]bg k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . cfj]bg afFsL /x]sf] s]Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 . of] afFsL /x]sf] n]vf k|dv
' bnf{dLn] atfP .
cgnfOgaf6} C0f cfj]bg lbg ;lsg] k|fKt ePkZrft a}+s tyf ljQLo z'Ns hl/jfgfafx]ssf] xf] . aSof}tf aSof}tf dWo] 3/fozL ;ft s/f]8 @*
/ cgnfOgaf6} C0f lng ;lsg] u|fxs;Fu ;DalGwt ;"rgf tyf tYof+s z'Ns k|flws/0fn] c;'n ubf{ % k|ltzt nfv, Jofj;los xf]6n tyf :s'nsf]
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ ljB'tLo ljleGg >f]taf6 ljB'tLo dfWoddfkm{t\ b]lv @% k|ltzt;Dd hl/jfgf lng] Ps s/f]8 &* nfv, ;+:yf tyf
dfWodaf6 k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] dfu{bz{g k|fKt ug{k' g]5
{ . shf{sf] cfj]bg lbg] u/]sf] 5 . dx;'n ;dodf gltg]{ u}/gfkmfd"ns ;+:yfsf] #% nfv, l;g]df
hf/L ub}{ /fi6« a}+sn] kfFr nfv u|fxs shf{ k|fKt ug{ of]Uo eP gePsf] w] / } h ;f] pBf] u L, ;/sf/L tyf xnsf] ($ xhf/, ;8s aQLsf] Ps
?k}ofF;Dd o:tf] shf{ lng ;lsg] kof{Kt ljZn]if0f u/L of]Uo cfj]bsnfO{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfo 5g\ . To:t} 3/fo;L, s/f]8 (^ nfv, l;FrfOsf] Ps s/f]8
atfPsf] 5 . dfu{ b z{ g cg' ; f/ ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 shf{ :jLs[t ePsf] ;8s aQL, xf]6n, ljBfno, ;+:yf, *! nfv aSof}tf 5 . vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgsf]
;DalGwt a}s + df tnj vftf ePsf hfgsf/L u/fpg'kg]5 { . :jLs[t shf{ l;FrfO / vfg]kfgLnufotn] klg s/f]8f}F kfFr nfv !! ?k}ofF, oftfoft rflh{ª
JolQmn] kfFr nfv ?k}ofF ljB'tLo /sd k|jfx ubf{ ;DalGwt u|fxssf] dx;'n ltg{ afFsL 5 . 8]l8s]68] 6«s + :6];g, a;kfs{sf] #% xhf/, dlGb/sf]
dfWodaf6} o:tf] shf{ ;' l jwf vftfdf hDdf u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L nfOgdf hf]l8Psf pBf]usf] dfq} ;ft nfv &) xhf/, c:yfoL aQL ^
kfpg]5g\ . tnj vftf gePsfx?sf] u|fxsnfO{ lbg'kg]{5 . shf{;DaGwL aSof}tf sl/a ^^ s/f]8 5 . 8]l8s]66] nfv ^* xhf/, sfof{nosf] cfGtl/s
xsdf eg] @ nfv ?k}ofF;Dd k|jfx sfuhftx? ljB'tLo dfWoddf ;'/lIft lkm8/sf] nfOg cfk"mx¿n] dfu gu/]sf] vkt !@ nfv ^) xhf/, sfnf];r " Ldf
ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn ?kdf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]5 { . eGb} pBf]un] dx;'n ltg{ dfg]sf 5}g\ . k/]sf u|fxsaf6 Ps s/f]8 &! nfv
/fi6« a}s
+ sf] dfu{bz{gcg';f/ a}s + tyf shf{ k|jfx k|lqmof, u|fxs, a}s+ tyf of] ljifo clxn] ;jf]R{ rdf k'u/] k];L aSof}tf c;'n ug{k' g]{ 5 . g]kfn ljB't nfv / bLks e§/fO{n] sl/a #% nfv kl/jt{g ug{ rnv]n u/]sf lyP .
ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxs;Fu shf{sf] ljQLo ;+ : yfsf] st{ J o tyf rln/x]sf] 5 . e}/xjfcGtu{t 6+s « k|flws/0fn] l/l8ª ePsf] ^) lbg kl5 ¿k}ofF a/fa/ ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f u/]sf] Gof}kfg];lxt ;ft} hgf ;~rfnsdfly
cfj]bg lnFbf a}s+ tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pQ/bfloTj, u| f xs ;+ / If0f;F u nfOgdf kg]{ pBf]u Pe/]:6 /f]lnª ldn, lagf ;"rgf ljB't dx;'n ga'emfPsf ljefun] km]nf kf/]sf] 5 . ;~rfnsx?n] s]Gb|Lo cg';Gwfg Ao'/f] -;LcfO{aL_ n]
ljB'tLo shf{ k|jfx;DaGwL Ps 5'§} ;DalGwt ljifox?, shf{;DaGwL u'gf;f] ;f]gf kf]lnd;{, km]/f] l:6n, hubDaf u|fxsx¿sf] nfOg h'g;'s} ;dodf sn]hs} ;f] /sd lxgfldgf u/]/ klg cg';Gwfg u/]sf] lyof] . ;LcfO{aLn]
kf]6n
{ sf] Joj:yf u/L cfj]bg u/L ;'gjfO{sf] Joj:yf ;DaGwdf ljB'tLo l;Gy]l6s, P;cf/ k"m8, l;4fy{ k]6 sf6\g ;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 . s]Gb|n] aSof}tf JolQmut vftfdf /fv]sf] ljefusf] Ol~hlgol/ª sn]hsf ;ft hgf
cfj]bg lng] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]5 { . dfWodaf6 kof{Kt hfgsf/L lbg] knf:6 / ;f]gf Kofs]lhª /x]sf] 5 . /sd / ;dosf] cfwf/df u|fxsx¿sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 k'li6 ePsf] 5 . ljefun] ;~rfnsn] %@ s/f]8 7u]sf] lgisif{
a}s
+ tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] df]afOn Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]5 { . rfn" jif{sf] ^ dlxgfdf dfq} b'O{ nfOg sf6\b} cfPsf] 5 . ut c;f/ clGtd ;ftf ljz]if ;/sf/L lgsfn]sf] lyof] .
 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/ 3

gAo'“lemPsf] sf“u|]; / ljKnjsf] l6Kk0fL

g]kfnL sfFu|];sf Pshgf g]tf,
s}nfnL lhNnfsf k"j{kf6L{ ;efklt
u/]sf sltko lhDd]jf/ JolQmx?n]
g} ca of] b]zdf sf]–sf] ljb]zLsf
p7fpg ug{ vf]Hg'ePsf ljifox? lgs}
dxTjsf 5g\ . o;;L;L / sf+u|];sf]
s[i0fk|;fb e6«fO{ g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/
ePs} a]nf ef/t;Fusf] js{kld{6
km]l/Psf d'2fx? / hfu[t gofF k':tfsf]
vfFrf]nfO{ k'/f ug{ p;sf] pkof]lutf
kf; ug{] s'/f hxfF;Dd 5, o;af/]
s] eGg ;lsG5 eg] ;+ ; b\ /
uf]ljGb/fh hf];L;Fu cfheGbf sl/a bnfn x'g\ eg]/ vf]Hg]eGbf sf]–sf] dxfe'n zLif{ssf] cfn]vsf] z'?d} vf/]h ul/of] . g]kfnL sfFu|];sf x|f; x'Fb} uPsf] xf] ls < /fli6«o /fhgLlts bnnufot ;dfhsf
b'O{ jif{ cl3 tTsflng ;/sf/n] bnfn xf]OgGf\ eg]/ vf]Hg ;xh ePsf] g]kfnL sFfu|];n] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf g]tT[ jdf :jflwGtf, e| i 6rf/ lgjf/0f, ljleGg ;fdflhs ;+:yfx? 5Gf\ tL
dxfsfnL ;lGwkl5 zf/bf Jof/]h hfthfltsf] d"nk|jfxLs/0f / d'ns ' sf] ;a} ;do qmddf hlGdg] / ;lsg]
z]/axfb'/ ljZjsdf{ 6gsk'/ / k~r]Zj/;lxt PsLs[t cf}wf]uLs/0f;DaGwL s}of}F ;d:of / ljifo x'Gf\ . @))$ ;fn cl3 b]zdf
dxfsfnL ;lGw ePsf] lyof] . lzIff, d'2fx? 5Gf\ . oL ljifodf ;fdfGo s'g} kf6L{ / ;+;b\ Pj+ lnlvt sfg'g
olta]nf Pd;L;L?kL cd]l/sL :jfYo h:tf cfwf/e"t clwsf/ / ;dy{s x'g' Pp6f s'/f xf] t/ To;}sf] g} lyPGf t/ klg b]z lyof], hgtf /
/fHosf] bfloTj x'g' kg{] If]qdf sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfkm}FnfO{ tof/ /fHosf] ;fj{ e f} l dstf lyof] .
;fd|fHojfbsf] gjpklgj]lzs bfpk]rsf] lghLs/0f / Jofkf/Ls/0f x'bF } cfPsf] tyf tL Ph]08fsf nflu g]t[TjbfoL xfd|f]eGbf km/s k|0ffnLx? klg
kIf jf ljkIfdf w|j|' Ls[t eO/x]sf] a]nf 5 . d'n'snfO{ cf}wf]uLs/0f u/L e"ldsf k'/f ug{ ;jn csf{] / leGg cl:tTjdf 5Gf\ . b] z sf tdfd
b]zsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, :jtGqtf / /f]huf/L l;h{gf / ul/aL Go'gLs/0f ljifo x'g\ . b]zeQ gful/sb]lv cfdd]x]gtj;
ug{k' g{d] f ePsf ;/sf/L pBf]ux? klg Oltxf;df h'g kf6L{ / g]t[Tjn] hgtf Pd;L;Lsf] lj?¢ cfGbf]lnt
:jfwLGftfsf] s;/L /Iff ug{] eGg] lghLs/0f ug{] gfddf Wj:t ul/of] . cfkm}FnfO{ hgtfsf] rfxgf / b]zsf] 5Gf\ t/ klg pgLx? xfd|f] k};f lng}
P]ltxfl;s df]8df 5f}F . g]kfnL sfFu;]| / g]kfndf ;Gf\ !*!^ sf] ;'uf}nL dfulj?¢ pEofo pgLx?sf] ktg / k5{ eg]/ bafa l;h{gf ul//x]sf
b]jfsf] g]tT[ jdf /x]sf] ;/sf/ h;/L klg ;lGw, ;Gf\ !($( sf] g]kfn ef/t lj36g clgjfo{ 5 . o;af/] 5Gf\, / oxfFsf zf;sx? cfkm\gf
d}qL ;lGw, uf]vf{ etL{ s]Gb|sf] vf/]hL, dxf;lrj ljKnj eGg' x ' G 5— dflnsx? cufl8 gtd:ts 5Gf\ .
od;L;L kf; ug{] WofpGgdf Jo:t v'Nnf l;dfgfsf] lgodg, gful/stf …ljutb]lv h'g /fhgLlts kf6L{ / lgZro g} oL tdfd lj/f]wsf afah'b
b]lvG5 . Pdfn] kf6L{n] cfˆgf] kf6L{ut P]gnufotsf /fli6«otf;Fu ;DalGwt g] t [ T jn] b] z sf] g] t [ T jdf k' u ] / klg Pd;L;L kf; ug{ anhˆtL ug{k} g{]
ljifodf k6s–k6s ;+ 3 if{ x' F b } hgtfk|lt wf]sf u/]sf 5Gf\, ltgn] pgLx?sf cfkm\gf cfjZostfx? xf]nfg\
:jfy{ / Ph]06fdf uf]ndf eb|uf]n ug{,] cfO{/x]sf] kl/j]zdf u0ftGq :yfkgf plrt ;dodf hgtfaf6 s7f]/ ;hfo t/ s'g} zlQm/fi6«sf] cfjZostf
kfFr blno u7aGwg k'm6fpg] / km]l/ kl5 ;d]t ck/s0ff{nL, c?0f t];|f] kfpFb} cfPsf 5Gf . s}of}Fsf] cl:tTj cfwf/df xfdLn] xfd|f] :jfwLgtfnfO{
;Qf;Lg x'g] r]i6f ul//x]sf] 5 . k|r08 ;Demf} t f nufotsf x/] s h;f] g} ;dfKt x'g] u/]sf] 5 . h:tf] ls gh/cGbfh ug{ ;lsFbg} / ldNb}g
;Demf}tfx?df of] jf Tof] ?kdf g]kfnL rLgsf] sf]ldGtfª kf6L{n] cfˆgf] klg . lrlgofFx? kl5Nnf] ;dodf
dfwj g]kfnx? g o;nfO{ /f]Sg ;Ifd b]lvG5Gf\ g t v'nc ] fd ;dy{s aGg ;ls/x]sf 5Gf\ . of] sfFu|]; r'Sb} cfPsf] 5 . b]zn] / cl:tTj g} u'dfpg' k¥of] . ef/tdf ljZj/fhgLlt / cy{ / fhgLlts
pgLx?sf] dWodjuL{o ;fdflhs ju{wf/ / cj;/jfbL ;f]rsf] pkr klg xf] . cGo s}of}F b]zeQm xfd|f] efjL k':' tfn] ;d]t d"No r'sfpg' k'/fgf elgg] sf+u|]; cfO{, efskf lx;fan] plbodfg, k|efjzfnL /
kg{] o; k|sf/sf ;Demf}tfx? s]xL dfS;{jfbLn] 7"n7"nf ;+s6 ef]Ug' k/]sf] lg0ff{ o s aGg ;Sg] ;Defljt
kf6L{, g]tfx?, a'l¢hLlj, gful/s ;dfh, ljBfyL{ / dhb'/ ls;fgx? Pd;L;Llj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf kf6L{ jf JolQmsf] cGt/lglxt :jfy{n] 5 . g]kfn d} klg @)!% ;fndf bf];f| ] kl/l:yltnfO{ /f]Sg, rLgnfO{ ljZjd}
5Gf\ . 7Ls oxL kl/l:yltdf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj sd/]8 ljKnjn] @# df3 @)&* df jf Pshgfsf] :jfy{n] x'g] jf tL x}l;ot ePsf] k|hfkl/ifb\sf] cfh PSNofpg] / 3]/f xfNg tyf rLgsf]
/ftf] va/df k|sflzt cfˆgf] cfn]våf/f g]kfnL sfFu;]| sf] bnfn cfTd;dk{0fjfbL / /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tfx?sf] b':rqaf6 plDsg s}of}F gfdlg;fgf g} 5}g . @)$^ kl5 km} l nF b f] k| e fjnfO{ ;+ s ' r g ug{
alnbfg / ;+3if{ ubf{ ;d]t g;lsPsf] t/fO{df rrf{ sdfPsf] ;b\efjgf kf6L{ cd]l/sLx?nfO{ O08f]Kofl;lks /
/a}ofk|lt ltvf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\ . Psflt/ /fli6«otf, hgtGq / hghLljsfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lbuf] ts{ ;d]t ub{} dxf;lrj ljKnjn] cfh 5}Gf . jf:tjdf g]kfnL sfFu;]| n] Pd;L;L rflxPsf] xf] . k~r ljiftf,
;dfwfg lbg j}1flgs ;dfhjfb / o;sf nflu hgdt;+ux| sf] kIfdf kf6L{n] lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ ul//x]sf] n]vs ] f 5g\ …kfFr jif{sf nflu r'lgPsf] kl5Nnf] k6s kfPsf] Go"g hgdt klg c;+ n Ugtf, u' 6 lg/k] I ftf, ;a}
;+;bn] nx8, Tf'R5 :jfy{, ljb]zL nfe p;n] ljutdf u/]sf sdL sdhf]/Lsf] b]zx?;Fu ;fldKotf, ;fd|fHojfb /
5 eg] csf]l{ t/ Pd;L;Llj?¢sf] ;+3if{df b]zeQm g]kfnLx?sf] n8fOFsf] g]tT[ j ;d]t ul//x]sf] g]skf sf/0fn] xf] / p;nfO{ ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
/ bafjsf sf/0f b]zsf lj?¢sf] gjpklgj]zjfbsf] lj/f]wh:tf ljb]zL
/ o;sf dxf;lrj ljKnjsf] cfˆgf] cfn]vdf p7fpg ug{ vf]Hg'ePsf ljifox? lgs} dxTjsf sfg'g kf; ul/lbof] eg] cfpFbf] k':tfn] lgodcg';f/ klg b]zsf] g]tT[ j ug{] gLltsf] l;¢fGt c+lusf/ ul//x]sf]
5g\ . o;;L;L / sf+u;]| sf] dxfe'n zLif{ssf] cfn]vsf] z'?d} g]kfnL sFfu|;] n] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf k'us
] f] ;d]t n8]/ kmfnL g;Sg] af]em clwsf/ hgtfn] lbPsf 5}gGf\ . sfFu;] | sf g]kfnn] s]xL k};f, :jfy{ / bafa cufl8
af]Sg'kg{] l:ylt aGb} cfPsf] 5 . h:t} g]tf /fdrGb| kf}8n] sf] zAbdf klg tfn'df o; k|sf/sf /0fg}lts u'6df ;fd]n
a]nf hlxNo} PsPsj6f b]zlj/f]wL sfd ub{} cfPsf] / clxn] od;L;LnfO{ ;+;b\åf/f kf; u/fpg vf]Hg' sf]zL ;Demf}tf Pp6f sfFu; ]| sf] :jfy{n] cfn' kmn]sf] dfq xf] .Æ x'g' xfd|f] lb3{sfnLg cl:tTjsf nflu
sfFu;]| sf] dxfe'n x'g] / of] dxfe'nn] g]kfnL hgtf / b]zn] t gf]S;fg v]Kg}k5{ t/, :jo+d sfFu;]| sf] eof] t/ b]zn] n8]/ klg ;lhn} Pd;L;LnfO{ ;+;b\af6 hah{:t ;d]t k|ltpTkfbs ;fljt x'g5 ] .
cj:yf / eljio stf k'Ug] xf] Tof] eGg lgs} hl6n 5Æ eg]/ pNn]v ug{e' Psf] 5 . sfFu;]| / of] kf6L{sf k"mlTsg kfPsf] 5}Gf . u08sL /
dxfsfnL klg To:t} ePsf] 5 . b] p jf===== a'Fbfx¿n] k|:6 u5{g\ . ;Demf}tfdf
cl3Nnf k':tfsf s}of}F g]tfx? nfdf] ;do h]n–lx/f;tb]lv lgjf{;g a;]sf] Oltxf; 5 . tLg–tLg k6s dflyNnf] s0ff{nL / c?0f ltgsf] pNn]v ePsf k|fjwfgx¿, To;kl5
cj:yfdf pQm ;Demf}tf ;Dk"0f{ ¿kn] Pd;LPn] dGqfnox¿nfO{ u/]sf
;z:q ;+3if{ ;d]t p;}sf] g]tT[ jdf ePsf] 5 . t/, la8Dagf s] eGf] b]zsf] :jflwgtfsf] /Iffsf] cj:yf klg To:t} 5 . Pd;L;L vf/] h ug{ ' s f] ;§f pN6} g] k fnL lgb]{zg / cd]l/sL clwsf/Lx¿n]
dfdnfdf sfFu;]| n] k6s k6s d'ns ' nfO{ wf]sf lbPsf] 5eGbf cTo'lQm gxf]nf . nflbof] eg] Tof]eGbf klg hAa/ x'gd] f hgtfnfO{ ljb] z Lsf] lxtdf pgLx¿dfly lbPsf cltl/Qm
s'g} z+sf gu/] x'G5 .Æ nnfOkmsfO -(convince) ug{, bafasf] Jojxf/af6 :jod\
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{nfO{ k|ltaGw eGg] u/]sf] ts{x? ;d]t xfdLn] s}of}F k' u ] s f] a] n f hlxNo} PsPsj6f xfd|f] b]z e"uf]n / hg;fª\lVos ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f ldnfpg ;dosf] ;/sf/;Lgx¿ of] /fi6«3ftL xf] eGg]df
nufPsf] a]nf wgu9Ll:yt pgsf] k6s ;'gs ] f xfFn
} f. b]zlj/f]wL sfd ub{} cfPsf] / clxn] b[ l i6n] ;fgf] 5, t/ k| f s[ l ts dfu ug{ ' nHhf:kb s' / f xf] . c;xdt 5}gg\ . of] cj:yfdf pQm
lgjf;df d'ns ' sf] ljBdfg /fhgLlts olta]nf Pd;L;L?kL cd]l/sL od;L;LnfO{ ;+;b\åf/f kf; u/fpg ;fwg>f]t / ;Dkbfsf b[li6n] ljzfn o;k|sf/sf xs{tx¿n] pgLx¿sf] ;Demf}tf ;Dk"0f{ ¿kn] vf/]h ug{'sf]
kl/l:ylt, aLkLsf ljrf/x?sf] ;fd| f Hojfbsf] gjpklgj] l zs vf]Hg' sfFu|];sf] dxfe'n x'g] / of] 5 . ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ljljwtfx? g]t[Tjdf /fi6«sf] eljio clglZrt / ;§f pN6} g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ljb]zLsf]
pkb]otf, g]kfndfly e}/x]sf] ljb]zL bfpk]rsf] kIf jf ljkIfdf w|j|' Ls[t dxfe'nn] g]kfnL hgtf / b]zn] t 5g\, t/fO{, kxf8 / lxdfn dfq} xf]Og cGwsf/sf] af6f]df lxFl8/x]sf] 5 eq] lxtdf nnfOkmsfO (convince)
x:tIf]kaf/] 5f]6f] ;+jfb u/]sf lyof}F . eO/x]sf] a]nf b]zsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, gf]S;fg v]Kg}k5{ t/, :jo+d sfFu; ]| sf] ;Ktsf] z L, ;Ktu08sL / tYo k'g{k'li6 ePsf] 5 .Ú ug{, ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f ldnfpg
s'/fsfgLsf] qmddf hf];Ln] cfˆgf] :jtGqtf / :jfwLGftfsf] s;/L /Iff cj:yf / eljio stf k'Ug] xf] Tof] ;Kts0ff{nLn] el/e/fpF hn;Dkbfsf] g]tf s~rgn] lj1lKtdf eg]sf ;dosf] dfu ug{' nHhf:kb s'/f xf] .
/fhgLlts Oltxf;sf] Pp6f k|;u+ nfO{ ug{] eGg] P]ltxfl;s df]8df 5f}F . eGg lgs} hl6n 5Æ eg]/ pNn]v wgL 5 g]kfn . s'g} b]zsf] ljsf; / 5g\, …clxn] klg ;/sf/df ePsf o;k|sf/sf xs{tx¿n] pgLx¿sf]
o;/L sf]6o\ fPsf lyP– …Ps k6s g]kfnL sfFu; ]| / b]jfsf] g]tT[ jdf /x]sf] ug{'ePsf] 5 . sfFu|]; / of] kf6L{sf ;d[l¢sf] ult l56f] jf l9nf] x'g'df kf6L{x¿n] slyt s"6gLltsf gfddf g]t[Tjdf /fi6«sf] eljio clglZrt /
:ki6 b[li6sf]0f k]; ug{ ;s]sf cGwsf/sf] af6f]df lxFl8/x]sf] 5 eGg]
ls;'ghLn] cfk"mn] kf6L{ rnfpg] ;/sf/ h;/L klg od;L;L kf; ug{] cl3Nnf k':tfsf s}of}F g]tfx? nfdf] k|fs[lts ;|ft] / ;Dkbfsf] pknAwtf 5}gg\¨ . Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfdf ;'wf/
qmddf @) k|ltzt OlG8og Ph]06x? WofpGgdf Jo:t b]lvG5 . Pdfn] ;do h]n–lx/f;tb]lv lgjf{;g a;]sf] lgs} dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 / o;}sf] hudf tYo k'gk'l{ i6 ePsf] 5 .
ul/Pdf nfu" ug]{ k|lta4tf hfx]/ clxn] klg ;/sf/df ePsf
sfo{;ldltdf g/fv];Dd kf6L{ rNg kf6L{n] cfˆgf] kf6L{ut :jfy{ / Oltxf; 5 . tLg–tLg k6s ;z:q ljsf;sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? /rgf ul//x]sf 5g\ ha ls g]kfn;Fu kf6L{x¿n] slyt s"6gLltsf gfddf
lbPgg\, kmnfgf]—kmnfgf] dfG5]x? Ph]06fdf uf]ndf eb|uf]n ug{], kfFr ;+3if{ ;d]t p;}sf] g]tT[ jdf ePsf] ug{ ;lsG5 / ;dfhnfO{ phf{ / ult ul/Psf] ;Demf}tfdf s]xL a'Fbfdf :ki6 b[li6sf]0f k]; ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
tFkfO{sf] lhNnfdf klg OlG8ofsf] blno u7aGwg k'm6fpg] / km]l/ 5 . t/, la8Dagf s] eGf] b]zsf] lbg ;+ej x'G5 t/ xfd|f clwsf+z tndfly ul/P klg cfO{ k LP; Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfdf ;'wf/ ul/Pdf
Ph]06x? x'Gf\, ltgLx?nfO{ lhNnf ;Qf;Lg x'g] r]i6f ul//x]sf] 5 . :jflwgtfsf] /Iffsf] dfdnfdf sfFu; ]| n] gbLx? ljb]zL ax'/fli6«o sDkgLsf] ;+nUgtf s'g} klg xfntdf kl/jt{g nfu" ug]{ k|lta4tf hfx]/ ul//x]sf
sfo{;ldltdf g/fv];Dd tkfO{+nfO{ k|r08 dfwj g]kfnx? g o;nfO{ /f]Sg k6s k6s d'ns ' nfO{ wf]sf lbPsf] lgoGq0fdf uO;s]sf 5g\ . Oltxf; x' g ] 5 } g h' g s' / f g] k fnsf] 5g\ ha ls g] k fn;F u ul/Psf]
klg oxfF sfd ug{ ufx|f] k5{ eGg' ;Ifd b]lvG5Gf\ g t v'nc ] fd ;dy{s 5eGbf cTo'lQm gxf]nf . @))) / ;dfhsf x/]s j:t', ;]jf, ljrf/ clxn];Ddsf] k//fi6« gLltsf lj?4 ;Demf}tfdf s]xL a'bF fdf tndfly ul/P
ePsf] lyof] . Ph]06fx?n] g} ;a} aGg ;ls/x]sf 5Gf\ . of] pgLx?sf] ;fndf /fhf, /f0ff / sfFu; ]| ;lDdlnt / kf6fx?sf] vf; pkof]lutf x'bF f]/x]5 v8f x' G 5 . To;dfly cd] l /sL klg cfO{kLP; ;+nUgtf s'g} klg
kf6L{x? el/Psf 5Gf, sfFu|];df cln dWodjuL{o ;fdflhs ju{wf/ / lqkIfLo ;fem]bf/L eof] / o;sf nflu cyf{t\ Pp6} s'/fsf] ;jf{k]{ l/ k|of]hg clwsf/Lx¿n] af/Daf/ pQm xfntdf kl/jt{g x'g]5}g h'g s'/f
a];L xf]nfg\ cGo jfdkGyL kf6L{x?df cj;/jfbL ;f]rsf] pkr klg xf] . lbNnL ;Demf}tf ul/of] . ;Gf\ !($( gx' F b f] / x] 5 . ljrf/, l;¢fGt / ;Demf}tfdf s'g} km]/abn x'g g;Sg] g]kfnsf] clxn];Ddsf] k//fi6« gLltsf
klg Ph]08fx?sf] sld 5}g eGg' cGo s}of}F b]zeQm kf6L{, g]tfx?, sf] c;dfg ;lGw eof] . k|wfgdGqL gfosx? klg lglZrt lbs, sfn / atfO/x]sf] cj:yfdf jQmJoafhL ub}{ lj?4 v8f x'G5 . To;dfly cd]l/sL
km]/abnsf nflu Pd;L;Ln] k|lta4tf clwsf/Lx¿n] af/Daf/ pQm
ePsf] lyof] .Æ ljb]zLx?n] oxfF s;/L a'l¢hLlj, gful/s ;dfh, ljBfyL{ / dflqsfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] kfnfdf kl/j]z ;fk]If x'Fbf]/x]5 . s'g} a]nf hgfPsf] eq] cleJolQm lbg' g]kfnL
v]ln/x]sf 5Gf / pgLx?sf] :jfy{ /Iff dhb'/ ls;fgx? Pd;L;Llj?4sf] @)!! ;fndf sf]zL ;Demf}tf / dfgj ;EotfnfO{ /fhf, dxf/fhf / ;Demf}tfdf s'g} km]/abn x'g g;Sg]
hgtfnfO{ u'd/fx ug{' / s'g} klg atfO/x]sf] cj:yfdf jQmJoafhL ub}{
ug{] s'/fdf Ph]08fx? s;/L Ps cfGbf] n gdf 5Gf\ . 7Ls oxL k|wfgdGqL ljlksf] kfnfdf @)!^ ;d|f6x? klg vfFrf] k/]sf] lyof] xf]nf . a]nf hgtfsf] cfFvf 5n]/ ;+;b\af6 km]/abnsf nflu Pd;L;Ln]
x'G5Gf eGg]af/] cfˆgf] wf/0ff /fVg] kl/l:yltdf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf ;fndf u08sL ;Demf}tf eof] / o;}sf] s} o f} F v/fa kfq / JolQm jf kf; u/fpg] if8\oGq x'g ;S5 .Ú k| l ta4tf hgfPsf] eGg]
qmddf hf]zLn] km]l/ o;f] eg]sf lyP– dxf;lrj sd/]8 ljKnjn] @# df3 hudf g]kfnL sfFu; ]| nfO{ c/f{li6«otTj ljrf/x?sf ;sf/fTds of]ubfgx? o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ cleJolQm lbg' g]kfnL hgtfnfO{
…ljb]zLx?sf] rfxgf k"/f ug{] s'/fdf @)&* df /ftf] va/df k|sflzt 3f]if0ff ub{} tTsflng /fhf dx]Gb|n] klg st} km]nf kg{ ;Sb5g, tL cGt/f{li6«o ljefusf OGrfh{ wd]{Gb| u'd/fx ug{' / s'g} klg a]nf hgtfsf]
s]kL cf]nLhL / b]jfx? t Ps} 7fpFdf cfˆgf] cfn]våf/f g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] lgb{lno k~roftsf] k|f/De u/] . of] cfhsf] dfu / o'u;fk]If 5Gf\ jf 5}gg\ af:tf]nf …s~rgÚ n]hf/L u/]sf] cfFvf 5n]/ ;+;b\af6 kf; u/fpg]
b]lvP lg Û sxfFg]/ km/s eof] / Û bnfn cfTd;dk{0fjfbL / /fi6«3ftL kl/l:yltsf] ljrf/0fLo kIf t s] 5 tL a9L dxTjsf ljifo x' G f\ . la1lKt o; k| s f/ /x] s f] 5– if8\oGq x'g ;S5 .
g]tfx? ;a} sxLF g sxLF km;]sf 5g\ .Æ /a}ofk|lt ltvf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\ . eg] hgtfn] n8]/ NofPsf] ;ft ;fnsf] k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] g]tT[ jdf g]kfnsf] ældn]lgod Rofn]Gh skf]{/];gnfO{ o;k|sf/sf] hglj/f]wL, /fi6«sf
of] k+lQmsf/;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf hf]zLn] Psflt/ /fli6« o tf, hgtGq / k|hftGq l:y/tf k|fKt gul/sg} !) ef}uf]lns PsLs/0f ePsf] lyof] / uf]Ko ¿kdf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ lj?4 9fF65n ug]{ / cfTd;dk{0fjfbL
o;/L xfd|f] /fhgLlt, cy{tGq, k|zf;g hghLljsfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lbuf] jif{ kl5 cyf{t\ @)!& ;fndf ;dfKt pgL ;fdGt / /fhf lyP t/ pgsf] b]pjf / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf k|jl[ Qsf] xfd|f] kf6L{ tLj| lj/f]w ub{5 .
/ ;du| ;dfhsf cjojx? ljb]zL ;dfwfg lbg j}1flgs ;dfhjfb / eof] t/ /fhfåf/f ;}lgs andf of]ubfgsf] :d/0f / rrf{ t ug{ k| r 08n] n] v ] s f] ;dk{ 0 f–kq pQm /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tfsf lj?4
aflxl/Pkl5 pgLx¿n] ljb]zL;fd' b] z sf /fhgLlts kf6L{ x ¿,
:jfy{ / rfxgfn] t/ª\lut / k|efljt o;sf nflu hgdt;+u|xsf] kIfdf nflbPsf] k~roft em08} #) jif{ ;lsG5 t/ /fhtGqnfO{ k'g:yf{kgf u/] s f] bnfnL, /fli6« o tflj?4
ePsf 5Gf\, o;af/] u/]sf] l6Kk0fLsf] kf6L{n] lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ ul//x]sf] 5 l6Sof] . lbNnL ;Demf}tf kl5 g} g]kfn ug{ ;Dej 5}g . sfFu|];n] g]kfndf /fhgLlts JolQmTjx¿, hgjfbL
cb"/blz{tf / s"6gLltsf gfddf zlQmx¿, a'l4hLlj, ls;fg, dhb'/,
of] Pp6f k|ltlglwd"ns pbfx/0f dfq eg] csf]l{ t/ Pd;L;Llj?¢sf] ;+3if{df ;/sf/sf] dlGqkl/ifbsf] a}7sdf lg/+sz ' tf lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngsf] cu'jfO{ aRsgfkg kbf{ k mf; ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{nufot ljleGg ;d'bfoaf6
xf] . o:tf y'k|} / cgluGtL pbfx/0f b]zeQm g]kfnLx?sf] n8fOFsf] g]tT[ j ef/tLo b"tsf] pkl:ylt clgjfo{ x'g u/]sf] lyof] . /fhf–/hf}6f pGd"ng / Pd;L;L g]kfnsf nflu /fi6«3ftL ePsf] ;‹if{kl| t k"0f{ P]Soa4tf hfx]/
k]; ug{ ;lsG5 . slxn]sfxLF d'ns ' sf ;d]t ul//x]sf] g]skf / o;sf uof] . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng e"ld;'wf/sf] gf/fnfO{ d'vl/t lyof] . ;Demf}tf lyof] / xf] eGg] oyfy{ ub}{ o;sf] k"0f{ vf/]hL;Dd cfGbf]ng
uGo–dfGo / dflyNnf] txdf sfd dxf;lrj ljKnjsf] cfˆgf] cfn]vdf kl5 cGtl/d ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL t/, km]l/Psf] ;dfhsf] cfjZostf, ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf w]/}–w]/} ljsf; ug{ xflb{s clkn ub{5 .Æ
 4 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/
‘ljBfyL{nfO{ wDsfpg] d]l8sn sn]hsf] ;DjGwg vf/]h u/’
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{lgs6 clvn qmflGtsf/L;lxt
cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cfGbf]ng/t
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ wDsfpg] d]l8sn
sn]hx¿sf] ;DaGwg vf/]h ug{ dfu
u/]sf 5g\ . cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn]
df3 @# ut] ;+oQ ' m k|;
] lj1lKt hf/L
ub}{ ;f] dfu u/]sf x'g\ . tL ;+u7gn]
cfGbf]ng/t ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ d]l8sn
sn]hx¿ ljleGg axfgfdf wDsfpg]
/ kl/Iffdf km]n ul/lbg] h:tf s'/fx?
u/]sfn] To:tf sn]hx¿sf] ;DaGwg
vf/]hLsf] k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg /
cfGbf] n g/t ljBfyL{ x ¿nfO{
:yfgfGt/0fsf] k| l qmofaf6 cGo
sn]hdf k9\g] jftfj/0f agfpg dfu
ub}{ cGoyf ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng
cfˆgf ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{
afWo x'g] r]tfjgL ;d]t lbPsf 5g\ .
o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ l gs6 clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf
cWoIf k|sfz zfxL, g]lj;+3sf cWoIf
Jofkf/ 3f6f $^=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 Û
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fi6« a}s
+ n] rfn'
cfly{s jif{sf] 5 dlxgfdf s"n Jofkf/
3f6f ?= cf7 va{ *) ca{ $( s/f]8
sfod ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . cfoftdf
pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf sf/0f Jofkf/
3f6fdf j[ l 4 ePsf] xf] . a} + s n]
;fj{hlgs u/]sf] rfn" cfjsf] 5
dlxgfsf] ljj/0fcg';f/ s"n j:t'
Jofkf/ 3f6f $^=^ k|ltztn] j[l4
ePsf] xf] . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf o:tf] 3f6f %=* k|ltztn]
36]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf lgof{t–
cfoft cg'kft !!=( k|ltzt k'us
5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
] f]
o:tf] cg'kft (=@ k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf ef/taf6
kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f e'QmfgL u/L ?
Ps va{ !) ca{ (! s/f]8 a/fa/sf]
j:t' cfoft ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] cfoft ? *#
ca{ Ps s/f]8 a/fa/sf] ePsf]
lyof] . rfn" cfjsf] 5 dlxgfdf s"n
j:t' lgof{t (%=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
? Ps va{ !* ca{ *% s/f]8 k'u]sf]
5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
o:tf] lgof{t ^=! k|ltztn] j[l4
ePsf] lyof] . uGtJosf cfwf/df
ef/t tyf cGo d'n'stkm{ ePsf]
lgof{t qmdzM !@!=* k|ltzt /
#)=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg]
rLgtkm{sf] lgof{t !)=@ k|ltztn]
36]sf] 5 . j:t'ut cfwf/df kfd
t]n, ;f]ofljg t]n, lkgf, h';, pmgL
un} F r fnufotsf j:t' s f] lgof{ t
a9]sf] 5 eg] cn}r F L, lrof, h8La'6L,
h:tfkftf, tf/nufotsf j:t'sf]
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
/flhj 9'+ufgf, clvn qmflGtsf/LsL
cWoIf k~rf l;+x, cg]/f:jljo'sf
cWoIf ;'b]z k/fh'nL, ;dfhjfbL
ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf cWoIf ?kgf/fo0f
>]i7, clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf cWoIf
xl/s[i0f uh'/]nn] hf/L u/]sf] ;+o'Qm
lj1lKt o; k| s f/ /x] s f] 5–
…/fli6«otf, hghLljsf / g]kfnL
ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;femf d'2fdf lqmofzLn
;o'Qm ljBfyL{ ;+u7g, cfh nfvf}F
o'jf ljBfyL{x¿sf] z}lIfs ;jfndf
cfGbf]lnt 5 . d'n'ssf] d]l8sn
sn]hx¿n] laut nfdf] ;dob]lv
lrlsT;f lzIffIf]qsf ljBfyL{x¿ dfly
ljleGg zLif{sdf cltl/Qm z'Ns
lnPsf] / ljBfyL{x¿ cfGbf]lnt ePsf]
oxfFx¿ ;a}nfO{ cjut g} 5 . lrlsT;f
lzIff cfof]un] tf]s]sf] dfkj08
ljk/Lt sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnosf
;DaGwg k|fKt d]l8sn sn]hx¿
sf7df8f}F d]l8sn sn]h l;gfdËn
/ gf]a]n d]l8sn sn]h df]/ªn]
lgof{t 36]sf] 5 .
o:t} s"n j:t' cfoft %!=!
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ? gf} va{ (((
ca{ #$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf]
jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] cfoft
$=* k|ltztn] 36]sf] lyof] . j:t'
cfoft ul/g] d'ns ' sf cfwf/df ef/t,
rLg tyf cGo d'n'saf6 ePsf]
cfoft qmdzM #&=% k|ltzt, %!=%
k|ltzt / (*=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]
s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . j:t'ut
cfwf/df k]6«f]lnod kbfy{, cf}iflw,
sRrf kfd t]n, oftfoftsf ;fwg
tyf kf6{ k " h f{ , sRrf ;f] o fljg
t]nnufotsf j:t'sf] cfoft a9]sf]
5 eg] PdP; ljn]6, l;d]G6, bfn,
df]nfl;; ;'u/, sL6gfzsnufotsf
j:t'sf] cfoft 36]sf] 5 . lgof{ttkm{
s~rgk'/, d]rL / g]kfnu~h eG;f/
sfof{noafx]ssf gfsfaf6 ul/Psf]
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
@)&* sf] egf{ d f !!##% sf
ljBfyL{x¿af6 cltl/Qm z'Nsafkt
sl/a % nfveGbf a9L lnPsf]
kfOPsf] / P]lR5s x'g'kg]{ 5fqfjf;
clgjfo{ u/L rsf]{ z'Ns lnP/ egf{
x' g bafa lbg] ljifosf sf/0f
sf7df8f}F d]l8sn sn]h, gf]a]n
d]l8sn sn]h df]/ªsf ljBfyL{x¿sf]
cfGbf]ngdf P]Soa4tf hgfpb} b]zsf]
k| d ' v ljBfyL{ ;+ u 7gx¿n]
k|ltljBfyL{sf] hfoh cfjfhnfO{
;zQm agfPkZrft lzIff dGqfno,
u[ x dGqfno / sf7df8f} F
ljZjljBfno;F u k6s–k6s
5nkmn / jQmfx¿ eP . t/,
5nkmn jftf{ x ¿af6 ePsf]
;xdltx¿sf] sfof{Gjog gePsf]n]
xfd|f] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 .
o;n] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ yk
cfqmf]lzt agfPsf] 5 .
dfggLo lzIff dGqLHo" s f]
pkl:yltdf ePsf ;xdltx¿
lgof{t j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfoftttkm{
eg] ;Dk"0f{ k|d'v gfsfaf6 ePsf]
cfoftdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ;dLIff
cjlwdf rfn' vftf ? tLg va{ %$
ca{ ;ft s/f]8n] 3f6fdf /x]sf] 5 .
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf rfn"
vftf ? %! ca{ ^* s/f]8n] 3f6fdf
/x]sf] lyof] .
;dLIff cjlwdf k'h F Lut 6«fG;km/
@) k|ltztn] sdL cfO{ ? kfFr ca{
$* s/f]8 sfod ePsf] 5 eg] v'b
k| T oIf j} b ] l zs nufgL $*=!
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ? !! ca{ #$
s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwdf k'h F Lut 6«fG;km/ ? 5
ca{ *% s/f]8 / v'b k|ToIf j}b]lzs
nufgL ? ;ft ca{ ^^ s/f]8 /x]sf]
lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf zf]wgfGt/
l:ylt ? b'O{ va{ $! ca{ @# s/f]8n]
3f6fdf /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
ttfpg], ljZjljBfnosf] lgb]z { gsf]
cj1f ug]{ nufotsf] r/d g}ltsxLg,
u}/sfg'gL sbdnfO{ d]l8sn dflkmof
/ sn]hx¿n] hf/L g} /fv]sf] kfOPsf]n]
d'n'sdf b08xLgtfn] k|>o kfPsf]
dfq} xf]Og sfg'gL /fHosf] ;d]t wHhL
p8fOPsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] lgb]{zg
;d]t 7f8f] pNn+3g ug]{ 7fpFdf k'Ug'
eg]sf] clt g} uDeL/ / nHhfsf]
ljifo ePsf] 5 . of] c/fhstfsf]
k/fsfi7fnfO{ tTsfn lgoGq0f gug]{
xf] eg] /fHosf] pkl:ylt cy{lxg
x'g]5,To;}n] xfdL uDeL/tfk"j{s
;/sf/ / ;Dalwt lgsfonfO{ cfu|x
ug{ rfxG5f},F ;/sf/, lrlsT;f lzIff
cfof]u / ljZjljBfnon] cfˆgf]
lhDd] j f/L k| f Kt u/f] ; \ . ;a}
d] l 8snsf ljBfyL{ x ¿n] ;xh
jftfj/0fdf k9\ g kfpg' kb{ 5 .
cfGbf]ng/t ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ d]l8sn
sn]hx¿ ljleGg axfgfdf wDsfpg]
/ k/LIffdf km] n ul/lbg] h :tf
sfdx¿ u/]sfn] To:tf sn]hx¿sf]
;DaGwg vf/]hLsf] k|lqmof cl3
a9fOof] ; \ / cfGbf] n g/t
ljBfyL{ x ¿nfO{ :yfgfGt/0fsf]
k| l qmofaf6 cGo sn] h df k9\ g ]
jftfj/0f agfpg hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f},F
cGoyf ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng
cfˆgf ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{
afWo x'g] klg o;} lj1lKtdfkm{t\
hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}F .Æ
;f]xL cjlwdf zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt ?
Ps va{ @$ ca{ (@ s/f]8n] artdf
/x]sf] lyof] . s"n ljb]zL ljlgdo
;l~rlt @)&* c;f/ d;fGtdf ?
!# va{ (( ca{ tLg s/f]8 a/fa/
/x]sfdf !^=& k|ltztn] sdL cfO{
@)&* k'; d;fGtdf ? !! va{ ^%
ca{ *) s/f]8 sfod ePsf] 5 .
cd]l/sL 8n/df o:tf] ;l~rlt
@)&* c;f/ d;fGtdf ? !! ca{
&% s/f] 8 /x] s fdf @)&* k' ;
d;fGtdf !%=( k|ltztn] sdL cfO{
? gf} ca{ *( s/f]8 sfod ePsf]
5 . s"n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltdWo]
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] ;l~rlt
@)&* c;f/ d;fGtdf ? !@ va{
$$ ca{ ^# s/f]8 /x]sfdf @)&*
k'; d;fGtdf !*=$ k|ltztn] sdL
cfO{ ? !) va{ !% ca{ %( s/f]8
sfod ePsf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf -g]kfn /fi6« a}+safx]s_ ;Fu
/x]sf] ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt @)&*
c;f/ d;fGtdf ? Ps va{ %$ ca{
#( s/f] 8 /x] s fdf @)&* k' ;
d;fGtdf @=& k|ltztn] sdL cfO{
? Ps va{ %) ca{ @! s/f]8 sfod
ePsf] 5 .
ut k'; d;fGtsf] s"n ljb]zL
ljlgdo ;l~rltdf ef/tLo d'b|fsf]
c+z @$=% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cfj
@)&*÷&( sf] 5 dlxgfsf]
cfoftnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf a} + l sª
If]q;Fu /x]sf] ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt
&=@ dlxgfsf] j:t' cfoft / ^=^
dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg
kof{Kt /xg] b]lvG5 .
‘jt{dfg ;+;bLo Joj:yf
/x“bf;Dd d"Noj[l4 /f]ls“bg} ’
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ c3f{vfFrLsf ;]qm]6/L v]d 3tL{ du/n]
jt{dfg Joj:yf b]zdf /x];Dd g]kfnL hgtfn] lgsf; kfpg g;Sg] atfpFb}
k|ultzLn ;/sf/ agfP/ hgdt ;+ux| u/L j}1flgs ;dfhjfb Nofpg'
cfjZos /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . g]skf lgs6sf hgjuL{o ;+u7gn] ;lGwvs{df
cfof]hgf u/]sf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ul/Psf] d"Noj[l4lj?4 cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf 3tL{ o:tf] atfPsf x'g\ . g]tf 3tL{n] jt{dfg
;/sf/n] b]zdf hgtfsf kIfdf s'g} sfd ug{ g;s]sf] atfpFb} jt{dfg
;/sf/ ag]kl5 ^ k6s;Dd k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df ul/Psf]] d"Noj[l4n] hgtf
cf3ft ag]sf] atfpFb} jt{dfg ;/sf/ hgtfsf] kIfdf g/x]sf] atfP . g]tf
3tL{n] /fli6«otf, hgtGq / hghLljsf kIfdf /fhgLlts bnn] sf]7] of]hgf
agfpg'eGbf hgtfn] b]Vg] of]hgf agfP/ lhNnfaf6 ;'?jft u/]/ Pd;L;Laf/]
s7f]/ sbd rfNg'kg]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf pk;lrj
zDe'k; | fb kf]vn]| n] jt{dfg ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] kIfdf s'g} sfd ug{ g;s]sf]
atfpFb} ;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ b'Mv dfq lbPsf] atfpFb} /fli6«otf hgtGq /
hghLljsf kIfdf cfk"mx? g]skf;Fu Psdt /x]sf] atfpFb} jt{dfg ;/sf/n]
u/]sf] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ lng'kg],{ Pd;L;Laf/] ;/sf/n]
:ki6 wf/0ff agfPdf Pdfn]n] 7f]; of]hgf agfpg] atfP . sfo{qmddf
g]kfnL sfFu; ]| sf lhNnf ;lrj s[i0fk|;fb vgfnn] ;/sf/n] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{af/]
7f]; gLlt agfP/ hfg'kg]{ atfpFb} cfon lguddf gLltut e|i6frf/ ePsf]
atfpFb} 5fgljg u/]/ sfo{afxL ug'{kg]{ atfP . g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf
g]tf b]jaxfb'/ v8\sfn] ;/sf/n] cGofo, cTofrf/, e|i6frf/sf 36gf
b]zdf a9]sf]n] To;sf] Go"gLs/0f ug{sf] nflu 7f]; sbd rfNg'kg]{ atfpFb}
k]6f« l] nod kbfy{af/] 7f]; gLlt agfP/ hfg'kg]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf g]skf
PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsf lhNnf cWoIf /fdaxfb'/ rf}xfg, k'is/ cfrfo{,
/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf k"js { l] Gb|o ;b:o b]aLaxfb'/ v8\sf, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf
g]tf eLdnfn cfrfo{, kl/jf/ bnsf lhNnf cWoIf l8NnL/fh e';fn, pBf]u
jfl0fHo ;+3sf pkfWoIf hLjnfn aGhf8], r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf lhNnf
cWoIf czf]ss'df/ >]i7, gful/s ;dfhsf cWoIf gGbnfn kf]v|]n, OG;]s
k|ltgLlw s'naxfb'/ g]kfnLnufotsf jQmfn] sfo{qmddf dGtJo /fVb} jt{dfg
;/sf/n] u/]sf] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ lnP hgtfsf] kIfdf
/fli6«o :jfwLgtf hghLljsf kIfdf hgtGqsf] kIfdf sfd ug'k{ g]{ atfP .
sfo{qmd clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gjLg v8\sfsf] cWoIftf
hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf k|bz ] ;lrj clgn g]kfnLsf]
;~rfng, du/ d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;fu/ k'gsf] :jfut dGtAodf
;DkGg sfo{qmddf hgjuL{o ;u7gsf k|dv ' k|ltgLlw z'eR] 5's j[l4hLlj
;~rf/sdL{nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]] lyof] . – clgn g]kfnL
‘sf/jfxLdf k/]sfx?sf] dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|df k|jz
] n] kf6L{nfO{ s'g} c;/ ub}g{ ’
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ h'Dnfn] lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ lhNnf
;ldlt g} dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|df k|jz ] u/]sf] eGg] ;dfrf/sf] v08g ub}{ ;dfrf/
e|dk"0f{ / ldYof ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{n] d+unaf/ dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|df
uPsf elgPsfx? cfˆgf] kf6L{df ljleGg d'2fdf sf/jfxLdf k/]sfx? ePsf]
eGb} pgLx?sf] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|df k|jz ] n] cfˆgf] kf6L{nfO{ s'g} c;/ gug]{
atfPsf] 5 .
lj1lKtdf @)&^ ;fn c;f]h @* ut]sf] k"0f{ a}7saf6 /ljls/0f elgg]
rGb|lj/ lt?jf, lty{ j8, /tg j8, hof kl/jf/nufotsf s]xL JolQmx?nfO{
?kfGt/0fsf] nflu lgnDag ul/Psf] pNn]v 5 .
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …lgh JolQmx?n] yk kf6L{ gLlt ljkl/t ultljlw
ub}{ lx+8g\ ] /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s, ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;fF:s[lts ?kdf :vlnt
ePsf] k'i6\ofO{af6 dfly pNn]lvt JolQmx?nfO{ kf6L{ s]Gb|sf] lgb]z{ g d'tfljs
ldlt @)&^ k'; !% ut]af6 kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:o g/xg] u/L lgisfzg -
vf/]h_ ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{df hfgsf/L ul/G5 .Æ p;n] o:tf ;dfrf/af6
cGo sfo{stf{ k+lQmnfO{ s'g} e|ddf gkg{ klg clkn u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf
OGrfh{ lj/f6 / ;]qm]6/L k|eflhtåf/f d+unaf/ hf/L lj1lKtdf o:tf] clkn
ul/Psf] xf] .
g]skf h'Dnfn] ldlt @)&* df3 @% ut]sf lbg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_
sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn -k|r08_ sf] ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a's -cfO8L_
dfkm{t\ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ h'Dnfsf] ljifodf e|d kg]{ u/L s]xL JolQmsf]
gfd ;fj{hlgs ePsf]df g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt h'Dnf
v]b k|s6 ub{5 elgPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;~hfndf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
h'Dnfsf] OGrfh{ rGb|lj/ lt?jf -/ljls/0f_, ;]qm]6/L lty{ j8 -lj1fg_,
;x;]qm]6/L cln zfxL -s}nfz_ egL ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf] gfd /
lhDd]jf/L tf]sL ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] JolQmx?sf] gfdfjnL e|dk"0f{, ldYof /
skf]slNkt xf] hf/L lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5 . g]skf h'Dnfn] g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{, kf6L{ ;b:o / cfdqmflGtsf/L hg;d'bfox?df
e|ddf gkg{ cfu|x ub}{ kf6L{ ;'b9[ Ls/0f / ?kfGt/0fn] PsLs[t hgqmflGtnfO{
Iflt xf]Og yk dha't / phf{ k|bfg ug]{ bfjL u/]sf] 5 .
af6f] sf6\bf h]a|f qml;ªaf6
dfq af6f] sf6f} + .
 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/
Pd;L;L vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ b]ze/ lj/f]w k|bz{g / ;ef
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{;lxt 5 /fhgLlts kf6L{ / @
df]rf{n] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf g]t[Tjsf]
u7aGwg ;/sf/n] /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf
;+;baf6 cg'df]bg ug]{ k|oTg u/]sf]
/of] g]kfnsf] /fli6«o :jfwLgtf
dflysf] lgd{d k|xf/ / b':;fx; ePsf]
7x/ ub} { a' w af/ Pd;L;Llj?4
sf7df8f}n F ufot b]ze/ lj/f]w k|bz{g
/ ;efu/]sf 5g\ .
o;} qmddf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{,
g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_, g]skf
-dfn]_, g]skf -d;fn_, /fhdf]n]
slknj:t'sf] rGb|f}6fdf /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tflj?4 lj/f]w k|bz{g
cfof]hgf u/] – ;z:q r]s kf]i6af6
;'? ePsf] pQm lj/f]w ¥ofnL rGb|f6} f
rf]sdf k'u]/ sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft
ePsf] lyof] . Pd;L;L /
cd]l/sflj?4 gf/f h'n; ' ;lxt ¥ofnL
sf]0f;ef kl/0ft lyof] . sfo{qmdsf]
;+rfng g]skf slknj:t'sf ;lrj
sdn s];Ln] u/]sf lyP .
o;} u /L, a' 6 jndf Pd;L;L
/fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf ePsf] eGb} To;sf
lj?4 sf]0f;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
sf]0f;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{} g]skf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ ?kGb]xL OGrfh{
s[ltn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf g]kfnsf]
lxtljkl/t ePsf] eGb} o;nfO{ l;w}
vf/] h ug{ ' k g] { atfP . pgn]
Pd;L;Ldfkm{t\ g]kfnL hgtfdfly
cd]l/sL aGb's nflbg vf]h]sf] eGb}
cfjZos k/] o;sf lj?4 alnbfg
lbg tof/ x'g'kg]{ atfP . pgn]
sf+u|];, Pdfn], dfs]leqsf bnfn /
afa'/fdh:tf bnfnx?nfO{ Pd;L;L
rflxPsf] eP b]z 5f]8L cd]l/sf
uP/ a:g r]tfjgL lbFb} kfFrtf/]
xf]6ndf a;]/ Pd;L;L kf; ug]{
if8\oGq ul/Psf] Tof] pgLx?sf nflu
dxFuf] x'g] atfP . pgn] b]zsf] ;Ldf
cltqmd0f / dxFuLsf] ;d:of ;+;bLo
k'FhLjfbL /fHo;Qfsf] ;d:of ePsf]
eGb} of] Joj:yf /xFbf;Dd slxNo}
;dfwfg gx'g] atfP . pgn] j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL Joj:yfdf dfq /fli6«otf,
hgtGq / hghLljsfsf] ;d:of
;dfwfg x'g] atfP .
sf]0f;efdf g]skf -qmflGtsf/L
dfcf]jfbL_ sf n'lDagL k|b]z OGrfh{
k|]d ;'j]bLn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfnfO{
;dy{g ug]x{ ? b]zeQm g]kfnL gePsf]
eGb} of] ;Demf}tfsf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{
b]zeQm g]kfnLx? Ps x'gk' g]{ atfP .
/fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ab|]
cfndn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf b]zsf]
;fj{ef}d;Qf lj?4 ePsf] eGb} o;sf]
vf/]hLsf nflu ;+3if{sf] ljsNk
gePsf] atfP . g]skf dfn]sf :yfoL
;ldlt ;b:o uf]kfndl0f 1jfnLn]
g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ u7aGwgl;t s'g}
;/f]sf/ gePsf] eGb} Pd;L;L vf/]h
u/] / b] z hf] u fpg' k g] { atfP .
sfo{ q mddf hgsnfsf/ ;f} u ft
;fo/n] Pd;L;L vf/]hL;DaGwL uLt
ufP . Pd;L;Llj?4 cf7 bnLo
df] r f{ n ] b] z JofkL s] G b| L o
sfo{qmdcGtu{t a'6jndf sf]0f;ef
u/]sf] xf] .
o;}aLr g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
l;Gw'kfNrf]sn] /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf / k]6f« l] nod kbfy{ d"Noj[låsf]
lj/f]wdf d]nDrL ahf/ / ef]6]sf]zL
ufpF k flnsfcGtu{ t tftf] k fgLdf
lj/f]w k|bz{g sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf]
5 . d]nDrLsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ lhNnf ;lrj o'lugn] Pd;L;L
b]zsf] lxtdf gePsf], /fli6«otfdf
cfFr cfpg], ;fj{ef}d / /fli6«o
:jfwLgtfdfly vt/f a9\g] ePsf]n]
;a} b]zeQm g]kfnL Ps h'6 eP/
lj/f]w;lxt /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf vf/]h
ug{'kg]{ atfP . g]kfnL hgtfnfO{
df/df kfg]{ ul/ u/]sf] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{
ePsf] d"Noj[l4 klg lkmtf{ ug{' kg]{
atfP . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ljz]if
sld6L ;b:o ls/0f l3ld/]n] klg
;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf
hgkqsf/ ;+of]hs /]g' a:g]t / o'jf
l/bd tfdfªn] /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf]
/Iff / Pd;L;L vf/]h;DaGwL sljtf
jfrg u/] s f lyP . sfo{ q mddf
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h
u/ Û, Go back Pd;L;L, /fli6«o
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iff u/f} Û, k]6«f]lnod
kbfy{df ePsf] d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ u/ Û
h:tf gf/f nufO{ / Kn] sf8{;lxt
ahf/ kl/qmd u/L sf]0f;ef ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng o'jf
;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'dg
>]i7n] u/]sf lyP .
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tflj?4 g]kfn
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ s f] cfof] h gfdf
tftf]kfgL eG;f/ sfof{no cufl8
hgk|bz{g;lxt ;ef ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . sfo{ q mdnfO{ g] s kf
l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf ljz]if sld6L ;b:o
d's'Gbn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP .
o:t}, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
ndh'ªn] klg /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf
Pd;L;Lsf lj?4 k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 .
g] s kf ndh' ª n] lhNnfsf]
a] ; Lzx/sf] z] / f rf] s df
Pd;L;Llj?4 gf/fafhL;lxt
sf]0f;ef u/]sf] xf] . sf]0f;efnfO{
;Daf]wg ub}{ kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o
tyf ndh'ª lhNnf OGrfh{ s[i0f
jfUn] …?k] z Ún] Pd;L;L g] k fnL
hgtfsf] lxtdf g/x]sf] / of] s'g}
klg xfntdf kf; ug{ gx'g] atfP .
o;} u /L bfªsf] 3f] / fxLdf
Pd;L;Llj?4 ;+oQ ' m lj/f]w k|bz{g
ePsf] 5 . lj/f]w ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o Pjd bfªsf OGrfh{ lztnn]
blIf0f Pl;ofdf a9\bf] sDo'lg:6
k|efjsf lj?4 Pd;L;L kl/of]hgf
/x] s f] atfP . Pd;L;L
kl/of] h gfdfkm{ t \ cd] l /sL
;fd| f Hojfbn] blIf0f Pl;ofdf
sDo'lg:6 k|efjnfO{ lg:t]h kfg]{,
g]kfnL e"uf]n k|of]u u/L ljZjsf]
dxfzlQm /fi6«sf] ?kdf pbfpFb} u/]sf]
rLgnfO{ 3]g{] / g]kfndf /x]sf ax'dN" o
vlgh kbfy{x?sf] sAhf ug]{ d"ne"t
/0fgLltsf ;fy hah{:t Pd;L;L
nfb\g vf]h]sf] pgn]] atfP . g]tf
lztnn] g] k fnsf] /fli6« o tf,
:jfwLgtfdflysf] s'g} klg x:tIf]k
g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ :jLsfo{ gx'g] atfP .
o:t} sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ d;fn bfªsf k|jQmf
e/t e08f/Ln] lxhf]sf qmflGtsf
gfos k|r08 ;fd|fHojfbsf] akmfbf/
gf]s/ ag]sf]k|lt cfZro{ JoQm u/] .
g]tf e08f/Ln] Pd;L;L hah{:t kf;
ug{ vf]h] ;a} g]kfnLx? ca Psk6s
d'lQm o'4 n8\g ;d]t tof/ /xg'kg]{
wf/0ff JoQm u/] .
sfo{qmdnfO ;Daf]wg ub}{ csf{
jQmf g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lx/fdl0f b'MvL -
lrGtg_ n] Pd;L;L kl/of]hgfdf
;dfj]z /fi6«3ftL a'Fbfx?sf] af/]df
k|i6 kfb}{ s'g} klg xfntdf Pd;L;L
kf; x' g glbg] r] t fjgL lbP .
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]skf
dfn]sf lhNnf ;lrj g]q kf08]n]
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf tTsfn vf/]hLsf]
dfu u/] . pgn] b]z a]Rg cft'/
bnfnx? a]n}df g;lRrP g]kfnL
hgtfsf] zlQmzfnL cfGbf]ngn] kfvf
nufpg] r]tfjgL ;d]t lbP .
To:t} cd]l/sL ;xof]u kl/of]hgf
d]lnlgog Rofn]Gh skf]/{ z] g -Pd;L;L_
lj?4 afudtL k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL
x]6f}8F fdf ¥ofnL;lxtsf] lj/f]w k|bz{g
ePsf] 5 . ljKnj g]t[Tjsf] g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dsjfgk'/, g]skf -
qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ dsjfgk'/,
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
g]kfn, g]skf -dfn]_ dsjfgk'/, hgtf
;dfhjfbL kf6L{ dsjfgk'/;lxt cGo
;+3;+:yf tyf df]rf{x?sf] ;+o'Qm
cfof]hgfdf ¥ofnL ;lxt lj/f]w k|bz{g
ul/Psf] xf] . a'waf/ ePsf] ¥ofnLdf
ljleGg kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{sf ;fy}
cfd;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] k|ToIf
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ¥ofnL kZrft
a' 4 rf] s df ePsf] sf] 0 f;ef
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]skfsf s]lGb|o
;b:o tyf dsjfgk'/sf lhNnf
OGrfh{ gogn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf
g]kfnL hgtf / /fi6«sf] clxtdf /x]sf]
s'/f :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ . To:t} pgn]
:jfwLg b]zsf] :jtGq gful/s eO{
afFRgsf nflu hlGh/¿kL Pd;L;L
;Demf} t f / kfl/t ug{ vf] H g]
bnfnx?sf] lj?4 ;8s ;+3if{df
cfpg cfdg]kfnL hgtfnfO{ cfu|x
u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} cfdg]kfnL hgtfn]
grfxFbf–grfxFb} hah{:tL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf kfl/t ul/G5 eg] hgtfn]
To;sf] ;zQm k|lt/f]w u/]/} 5f8\g]
pb\3f]if klg pgn] u/]sf 5g\ .
sfo{qmddf pGd'Qm k':tf dsjfgk'/sf
n]vs k'?iff]Qd cfrfo{, j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g]kfn
dsjfgk'/sf ;lrj ob' s'df/, g]skf
-qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ dsjfgk'/
OGrfh{ ;fu/ pk|t] L nufotn] dGtJo
/fv]sf lyP .
o:t} /fi6« 3 ftL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tfsf] lj?4 cfh Ko"7fgdf
;+o'Qm lj/f]w;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldlt Ko"7fgåf/f cfh
;b/d'sfd vn+ufdf lj/f]w ;ef
;DkGg ePsf] xf] . ;+o'Qm lj/f]w
sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n] /fi6«3ftL
;Demf}tf Pd;L;L ;+;baf6 cg'df]bg
u/] g]kfnL hgtf / l;+uf] b]zsf] nflu
clxn];Ddsf] xb};Ddsf] /fi6«3ft x'g]
atfPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
Ko"7fgsf OGrfh{ bn axfb'/ s]= ;L=
hfu[ltn] ;fd|fHojfbL bnfnx?n]
/fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf ;+;baf6 kf;
u/fpg sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf] atfPsf
5g\ . pgn] eg]– æolb /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ u/L
kf; u/]df ;a}nfO{ 5fgL5fgL tx
nufpg] 5f}+ .Æ To;}u/L g]skf -
qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6 Jo"/f]
;b:o wg]Zj/ kf]v|]nn] olta]nf b]z
arfpg] a]nf cfPsf]n] ;a} g]kfnL
gful/sx? /fli6« o :jfwLgtfsf]
n8fOFdf h'6g\ k' g]{ atfPsf 5g\ . ca
/fli6«otfsf] ;jfn kf6L{ut gePsf]n]
x/] s g] k fnL gful/s bnut
dfgl;stfaf6 dfly p7\gk' g]{ g]tf
kf]v|]nn] atfP . To:t} sfo{qmddf
/fli6«o hgdf]rf{ Ko"7fgsf cWoIf
s[i0faxfb'/ v8\sf / g]skf dfn]
Ko'7fgsf ;lrj ltnlaqmd s]=;L=
n] klg jt{dfg ;/sf/ /fli6«o lxt
ljkl/t Pd;L;L kf; ug{ nflu
k/]sfn] ca /fli6«o d'lQmo'4sf] 3f]if0ff
ul/ /fi6«3ftLx?nfO{ b]z lgsfnf
ug{'kg]{ ;do cfPsf] atfP . b]zdf
lbgfg'lbg bnfn g]tfx?åf/f gfËf]
/fi6«3ft, e|i6frf/, sfnf] ahf/L
b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'dflysf] rsf{]
d" N oj[ l 2 / k] 6 « f ] l nod kbfy{ d f
clgolGqt d"Noj[2L ub}{ ;j{;fwf/0f
gful/ssf] 9f8 ;]Sg] sfd ul//x]sf]n]
/fli6« o :jfwLgtf / ;a} vfn]
clgoldttfsf] lj?4df hgtf hfUg''
kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .
o:t} /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf Pd;L;Llj?4
l;Gw'nLdf klg g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
/g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ sf] ;+oQ' m
cfof]hgfdf lj/f]w k|bz{g ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . pQm lj/f]w ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
g]skfsf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L uf]kfn Anf]gn]
g]kfnL :jfledfgLdfly cfFr cfpg],
h'g;'s} ;Demf}tf eP klg ;Dk"0f{
b]zeQm / o'jfx?nfO{ vf/]hLsf] dfu
ug{ clkn u/] .
o:t} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
/ /fli6« o hgdf] r f{ g] k fnsf]
cfof]hgdf lbkfon lkkNnf ahf/
8f]6Ldf Pd;L;L sf] lj?4df lj/f]w
k|bz{g ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lkkNnf
ahf/sf] l/e/ ;fO8 xf] 6 nsf]
k|fË0faf6 gf/f–h'n; ' ;lxt z'? ePsf]
lj/f]w k|bz{g 6«flkms rf]sdf uP/
sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] .
sf]0f;efdf ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf lhNnf ;lrjfno
;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ af]x/fn] g]kfnsf]
bnfn ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{sf]
nflu /fHo a]Rg tof/ ePsf] x'bf
To;sf] ;zQm k|lt/f]w ug]{ atfP .
o;}aLr gjnk'/sf /fhgLlts
bnx?n] Pd;L;Lsf] la/f] w ub} {
sfjf;f]tLdf lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ .
a'waf/ lbpF;f] sfjf;f]tLsf] e]nf eP/
ljleGg /fhgLlts bnn] ;+oQ' m ?kdf
Pd;L;Lsf] lj/f]w u/]sf x'g\ . lj/f]w
sfo{ q mdnfO{ pkl:yt ljleGg
/fhgLlts bnsf k| l tgLlwx?n]
;Daf]wg ub}{ Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf
vf/]hLsf nflu kf6L{ut :jfy{eGbf
dfly p7]/ cl3 a9\g ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm,
kl/jt{gsf/L zlQmx? Psh'6 x'g
cfXjfg u/]sf lyP . cd]l/sL ;xof]u
kl/of]hgf d]lnlgog Rofn]Gh skf]/{ z ] g
-Pd;L;L_ ;Demf} t f kf; u/]
hgsf/afxL ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .
o:t} gjnk/f;Lsf] e' d xLdf
g]skf;lxt ^ /fhgLlts bnsf] ;+oQ' m
cfof]hgfdf Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf lj?4
sfo{qmd u/]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf
;'gjn–!@ ;xsf/L rf]sb]lv ¥ofnL
;'? eO e'dxL rf]s k'u/] sf]0f ;efdf
kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . lj/f] w
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]skf ljz]if lhNnf
;b:o ;' d g 1jfnLn] Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf g]kfnL hgtf / /fi6«sf]
clxtdf /x]sf] s'/f :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ .
o:t} g] k fn sDo' l g:6 kf6L{
bf]nvfn] l;Ë6L ahf/df /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L / k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] rsf]{
d"Noj[l4 lj?4df lj/f]w sfo{qmd
;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . pQm lj/f]w k|bz{g
sfo{qmdsf] ¥ofnL l;+u6L ahf/
kl/qmdf u/L sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft
ePsf] lyof] . l;+ u 6L ahf/sf]
sfo{qmddf k|d'v jQmf Pjd\ bf]nvf
lhNnf ;] q m] 6 /L cfsfz zdf{ n ]
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L vf/]h gul/P
g]kfnL hgtfn] lab|f]x ug]{ / To;sf]
g]tT[ j g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ug]{
atfP . pgn] Pd;L;Lsf /fi6«3ftL
a'Fbfx?sf] JofVof ub}{ Pd;L;L kf;
eP bnfnx?nfO ;x/, ufpF ;a}lt/
k|jz] lgif]w ug]{ ;d]t atfP . cfˆgf]
egfO{sf] qmddf pgn] k]6«f]lnod
kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 ;/sf/n] t'?Gt}
g36fP ;a} k]6f« n ] kDk tfnfaGbL
ug]{ atfP . pgn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
r'gfj xf]Og, hgdt;+ux| sf] r'gfjdf
hfgsf] nflu clkn ;d]t u/] .
otf,g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ emfkfn]
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf / d"Noj[l4sf] lj?4
lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]sf 5 . z]/axfb'/
b]pjf g]t[Tjsf] u7aGwg ;/sf/n]
k6s–k6s d" N oj[ l 4 u/] s f] /
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6
cg'df]bg ug{ u/]sf] k|oTg g]kfnsf]
/fli6«o :jfwLgtf dflysf] lgd{d k|xf/
/ b':;fx; ePsf] 7x/ ub}{ Pd;L;L
/ d"Noj[l4sf] lj?4 k|bz{g u/]sf]
xf] . emfkfsf] ljtf{df]8l:yt Onfd
:6];gaf6 h'n';;lxt ;'? ePsf]
lj/f]w k|bz{g d'lQm rf}s x'bF } k'gM
Onfd :6];gdf cfP/ sf]0f;efdf
kl/0ft ePsf] lyof]] . lj/f]w ;efsf]
;~rfng kf6L{sf lhNnf sfof{no
;lrj ;~ho /fO{n] u/]sf lyP eg]
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf emfkf lhNnf
;lrj k|zfGt yfkf k|dv ' jQmf /x]sf
lyP . ;efnfO{ a'l4hLlj ;+u7gsf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'/G] b| sfsL{, kf6L{sf
lhNnf ;b:o lht' tfdfªnufotn]
;Daf]wg ub}{ ;Qfwf/L bnx¿nfO{
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf cg'df]bg
gug{ r]tfjgL lbP . b]zsf] ;Ldf
cltqmd0f / dxFuLsf] ;d:of ;+;bLo
k'FhLjfbL /fHo;Qfsf] ;d:of ePsf]
eGb} of] Joj:yf /xFbf;Dd slxNo}
;dfwfg gx'g] bfaL ub}{ j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL Joj:yfdf dfq /fli6«otf,
hgtGq / hghLljsfsf] ;d:of
;dfwfg x'g] pgLx¿n] atfP .
Pd;L;L lj?4sf] cfGbf] n g
g]kfnsf] :jfwLgtf /Iffsf nflu
ePsf] atfpFb} lhNnf ;lrj yfkfn]
s'g} klg xfntdf Pd;L;L nfu" ug{
glbg] pb\3f]if u/]sf lyP . lj/f]w
;efdf af]Nb} pgn] ;Dk"0f{ hgtf
Pd;L;Lsf] lj?4df /x] s fn]
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h
ug{ dfu u/] .
To:t} ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
a'l4hLlj ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'/G] b|
sfsL{n] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf g]kfnsf]
lxtljkl/t ePsf] eGb} o;nfO{ l;w}
vf/] h ug{ ' k g] { atfP . pgn]
Pd;L;Ldfkm{t\ g]kfnL hgtfdfly
cd]l/sL aGb's nflbg vf]hs ] f] eGb}
cfjZos k/] o;sf lj?4 alnbfg
lbg tof/ x'gk' g]{ atfP .
To:t} ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
lhNnf ;b:o lht' tfdfªn] sf+u|];,
Pdfn], dfs]leqsf bnfnx?nfO{
Pd;L;L rflxPsf] eP b]z 5f]8L
cd]l/sf uP/ a:g r]tfjgL lbFb}
kfFrtf/] xf]6ndf a;]/ Pd;L;L kf;
ug]{ if8\oGq ul/Psf] Tof] pgLx?sf
nflu dxFuf] x'g] atfP .
sfo{qmddf /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf vf/]h u/ Û, /fi6«3flt
bnfnx¿ xf] l ;of/, /fli6« o
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iff u/f} Û, k]6«f]lnod
kbfy{df ePsf] d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ u/ Û
h:tf gf/f nufO{Psf] lyof]] .
o;}u/L, Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf /
k] 6 « f ] l nod kbfy{ n ufot b} l gs
pkef]Uo j:t'df ePsf] d"Noj[l4lj?4
g] s kf;lxt ljleGg ltg bnn]
c5fdsf] sdn ahf/df la/f] w
k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{, df]xg j}B g]tT[ jsf] g]skf -
qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ / cfx'lt
g] t [ T jsf] j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;Do'Qm la/f]w ;ef
;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt ;lrj
tk]Gb| ltldlN;gfn] Pd;L;L kl/of]hgf
g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] lxtdf g/x]sf]
atfP . pgn] cd]l/ls ;fd|fHojfbn]
g]kfndfly a]nfa]nf x:tIf]k ul//x]sf]
eGb} pgn] Pd;L;L kl/of] h gf
g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf, /fli6«o :jflwgtf
/ ;fj{ef}ldstfdfly uDeL/ vt/f
lgDTofpg] :ki6 /x]sf] atfpFb} . o:tf]
/fi6«3ftL kl/of]hgfnfO{ b]zeQm
hgtfn] s'g} xfntdf g:jLsfg]{ atfP .
pgn] Pd;L;Lsf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm
gful/s Psh'6 eP/ n8g cfu|x
;d] t u/] . /fHosf bnfnx?n]
/fi6« 3 ftL Pd;L;L kl/of] h gf
5
hgtfnfO{ e'nfP/ nfu" ug{ vf]h]sf]
eGb} kf; ug]{ b':;fx; gug{ r]tfjgL
;d]t lbP . ;fy} k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df
ePsf] d"Noj[l4sf sf/0f cfdb}lgs
pkef]Uo j:t'sf] d"No a9L /x]sf] x'bF f
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ hLjgofkgdf
;d:of kfl//x]sf] / To;nfO{ tTsfn
lkmtf{ lng / dxËL lgoGq0f ug{
;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x u/] .
To:t} csf{ jQmf g]skf -qmflGtsf/L
dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf sld6L ;lrj lzj/fh
ahufO{ -l;tn_ n] /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf cg'df]bg ug]{ bnfnx?n] cfˆgf]
eljiosf] x]Ssf /fVg r]tfjgL lbP .
To:t} csf{ jQmf j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g]kfn ;'b/" klZrd
k|bz
] sf ;+of]hs k'ik e08f/Ln] g]kfnL
hgtfnfO{ k'/fgf] tl/sfn] em'Sofpg
g;lsg] atfpFb} g]kfnL hgtfn]
bnfnx?nfO{ k/f:t ul/5f8\g] atfP .
sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;b:o
tyf sfof{no ;lrj nf]sG] b|axfb'/
zfxLn] u/]sf lyP .
otf, alb{ o fsf] ;b/d' s fd
u'nl/ofsf] /fwfs[i0f rf]sdf /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfsf lj?4df ;+oQ ' m
la/f]w k|bz{g sfo{qmd ePsf] 5 . ;f]
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf laz]if sld6L ;b:o
lxd lzv/n] g]kfnsf] bnfn ;/sf/n]
cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{sf] nflu /fHo a]Rg
tof/ ePsf] x'bF f To;sf] ;zQm k|lt/f]w
ug]{ hxfF ls /ut aUg' g} lsg gk/f];\
csf]{ ;Gbe{df # a'Fb] ;xdltnfO{
nTofpFb} r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ;/sf/n]
3f]if0ff u/]sf] x'bF f o;sf] d"No ;f]
;/sf/n] g} r'sfpg] atfP .
-qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{sf
lkjLPd tyf n'lDagL k|bz ] ;lrj
Pj+ sfo{qmdsf k|dv ' jQmf e'kG] b|
Gof}kfg]n] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf u/L
g]kfnnfO{ k/lge{/ agfO{ b]znfO{ o'4
e"ldsf] s]Gb| agfpg vf]lhPsf] x'Fbf
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL /fli6«otfsf] nflu hfUg'
kg]{ 86]/ ;fdgf ug{'kg]{ atfP .
To;}u/L b]zeQm hgu0ftflGqs df]rf{
g] k fnsf lhNnf cWoIf ljqmd
e08f/L, g]skf dfn]sf lhNnf cWoIf
/d]zs'df/ zdf{n] ;do dGtJo
/fv]sf lyP . pQm sf]0f ;efsf]
;+rfng zlQmn] u/]sf lyP .
otf, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ /
/fli6« o hgdf] r f{ n ] sflnsf] 6 df
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;Llj?4 lj/f]w k|bz{g
/ ;efu/] s f 5g . sflnsf] 6 sf]
/f:sf]6 gu/kflnsfdf cfof]lht pQm
lj/f]w k|bz{gdf Pd;L;L rflxFbg} , /fi6«
j]Rg kfOFbg} , bnfn ;/sf/ xf]l;of/,
b]pjf / k|r08 xf]l;of/h:tf gf/f
nufOPsf] lyof] . lj/f]w k|bz{g kl5sf]
sf]0f ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]skf
sflnsf]6sf ;b:o tyf gu/ OGrfh{
ls/0fn] /fi6« 3 ftL g] k fnsf
bnfnx¿n] /fi6« 3 ftL Pd;L;L
;+;baf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg] if8\oGq
u/]sf] atfpFb} o:tf] if8\oGqsf lj?4
b]zeQm qmflGtsf/L /fi6«jfbL ;a}
g]kfnL hgtf Ps x'gk' g]{ eGb} hah{:t
cg'df]bg ul/P ;+;b ejg hgtfsf]
lgzfgfdf kg]{ r]tfjgL lbP .
pQm sfo{ q mddf cg] d ;+
qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
s0ff{nL k|bz ] OGrf sn;f ljZjsdf{
-zflGt_, g] s kf lhNnf sld6L
;lrkfno ;b:o tyf /f:sf]6 gu/
sld6L ;lrj lgb] { z g ;' g f/,
zflGglqa]0fL ufpFkflnsf kf6L{ ;lrj
bfgaxfb'/ af]xf]/f, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf
k|bz] sld6L ;b:o tyf sflnsf]6
lhNnf sld6L kf6L{ ;lrj /0faxfb'/
zfxLnufotsf g]tfx¿sf] ;d]t
;xeflutf/x]sf] lyof] .
 6 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/
hgkqsf/ ;+u7gåf/f kqsf/ dxf;+3 pkTosf k|b]z, ‘3/hUuf / ;]o/ h:tf ;§]afhLsf nufgLn] t/ntf cefj’
sf7df8f}“, sfe|] / dsjfgk'/ zfvfnfO{ 1fkgkq
sf7df8f}F . hgkqsf/ ;+u7g
g]kfnn] kqsf/ dxf;+3 pkTosf
k|b]z, sf7df8f}F, sfe|] / dsjfgk'/
zfvfnfO{ 1fkgkqnfO{ 1fkgkq
a'emfPsf] 5 . ;+u7gsf] s]Gb|Lo
gLltcg' ; f/ pkTosf k| b ] z n]
1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] . ;+u7gsf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf pkTosf k|bz ] dxf;+3n] kl/rfng ug]{ k|ToIf ljb]zL
;+of]hs zf]e/fh a/fnsf] g]t[Tjdf
uPsf] 6f]nLn] dxf;+3sf pkTosf
k|bz
] cWoIf >Lhg emfnfO{ 1fkgkq
a'emfOPsf lyP . g]kfnsf] kqsfl/tf
If]q / ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf
g] k fn kqsf/ dxf;+ 3 nfO{ yk
dof{lbt, cg'zfl;t / lhDd]jf/
agfpg eGb} hgkqsf/ ;+u7gn]
1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] . 1fkgkqdf
>dhLlj kqsf/x?sf] Go" g td
kfl/>lds, k] z fut ;' / Iff /
:yfloTjnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu
7f]; kxn ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}
sf]le8sf sf/0f /f]huf/ u'dfPsf
;+rf/sdL{sf] k'g:yf{kg, /fxt /
:jf:Yo pkrf/sf nflu kxn ug{
cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
;+u7gn] ;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0f u/L
dxf;+3nfO{ dof{lbt / lhDd]jf/L
agfpg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . …kqsfl/tf
ul//x]sf kqsf/nfO{ ;xh / lgikIf
?kdf ;b:otf k|fKt x'g] ;'lglZrt
ul/of]; .Ú dxf;+3nfO{ a'emfPsf]
1fkgkqdf elgPsf] 5, …g]kfn kqsf/
dxf;+3n] kl/rfng ug]{ k|ToIf ljb]zL
;xfotfnfO{ /f]lsof];\ . dxf;+3nfO{
cfTdflge{/ / :jb]zL ;xfotfaf6
;+rfng ug{ kxn ul/of];\ .Ú
;+u7gn] ;dfg'kflts lj1fkg
k|f0ffnLnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;+:yfut
kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . ;fy},
kqsf/x?sf] j[lQ ljsf; ug{ tflnd
/ k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ dfu u/]sf]
5 . cgnfOg ;+rf/ dfWod tyf
lel8of] d fkm{ t \ kqsfl/tf ug] {
kqsf/x?sf] ;'/Iff Uof/]G6L ug{
kxnsb\dL lng ;+u7gn] dfu u/]sf]
5 . kqsf/x?sf] :jf:Yo aLdf, hLjg
aLdf / ;+rf/ ;fdu|Lsf] aLdf ug]{
Joj:yf ug{ klg dfu u/]sf] 5 .
1fkgkq a'‰b} cWoIf emfn] hgkqsf/n]
p7fPsf d'2fx? dxf;+3sf ;femf d'2f
ePsfn] o;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{
k| l ta4tf JoQm u/] . …>dhLlj
kqsf/x?sf d'2fx?df dxf;+3 lhDd]jf/
5 . dxf;+3sf] d'Vo d'2f klg oxL xf] .Ú
1fkgkq a'‰b} pgn] eg], …;b:ox?sf]
z'l4s/0fsf nflu klg xfdL sfof{Gjogs}
txdf hfFb5 } f}F . oL dfux? dxf;+3s}
klg Ph]08f ePsfn] sfof{Gjog ug]{
k|lta4tf JoQm ub{5' .Ú
o;}u/L hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfn
sf7df8f}F lhNnf ;ldltn] kqsf/
dxf;+3 sf7df8f}F zfvfnfO{ 1fkgkq
a'emfPsf] 5 . ;+u7gsf cWoIf lht]Gb|
dxh{gsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] 6f]nLn]
zfvfsf cWoIf ;"o{ ;'jb] LnfO{ 1fkgkq
a'emfPsf] xf] . g]kfnsf] kqsfl/tf If]q
/ ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf
g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ yk dof{lbt,
cg'zfl;t / lhDd]jf/ agfpg eGb}
hgkqsf/ ;+u7gn] 1fkgkq a'emfPsf]
xf] . 1fkgkqdf >dhLlj kqsf/x?sf]
Go"gtd kfl/>lds, k]zfut ;'/Iff /
:yfloTjnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu 7f];
kxn ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}
sf]le8sf sf/0f /f]huf/ u'dfPsf
;+rf/sdL{sf] k'g:yf{kg, /fxt / :jf:Yo
pkrf/sf nflu kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf]
5 . ;+u7gn] ;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0f
u/L dxf;+3nfO{ dof{lbt / lhDd]jf/L
agfpg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . …kqsfl/tf
ul//x]sf kqsf/nfO{ ;xh / lgikIf
?kdf ;b:otf k|fKt x'g] ;'lglZrt
ul/of];\ .Ú dxf;+3nfO{ a'emfPsf]
1fkgkqdf elgPsf] 5, …g]kfn kqsf/
;xfotfnfO{ /f]lsof];\ . dxf;+3nfO{
cfTdflge{/ / :jb]zL ;xfotfaf6
;+rfng ug{ kxn ul/of];\ .Ú
;+u7gn] ;dfg'kflts lj1fkg
k|f0ffnLnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;+:yfut
kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . ;fy},
kqsf/x?sf] j[l4 ljsf; ug{ tflnd
/ k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ dfu u/]sf]
5 . cgnfOg ;+rf/ dfWood tyf
lel8of] d fkm{ t \ kqsfl/tf ug] {
kqsf/x?sf] ;'/Iff Uof/]G6L ug{
kxnsb\dL lng ;+u7gn] dfu u/]sf]
5 . kqsf/x?sf] :jf:Yo aLdf, hLjg
aLdf / ;+rf/ ;fdu|Lsf] aLdf ug]{
Joj:yf ug{ klg dfu u/]sf] 5 .
1fkgkq a' ‰ b} cWoIf ;' j ] b Ln]
hgkqsf/n] p7fPsf d' 2 fx?
dxf;+3sf ;femf d'2f ePsfn] o;nfO{
sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm u/] .
…>dhLlj kqsf/x?sf d'2fx?df
dxf;+3 lhDd]jf/ 5 . dxf;+3sf] d'Vo
d'2f klg oxL xf] .Ú 1fkgkq a'‰b} pgn]
eg], …;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0fsf nflu
klg xfdL sfof{Gjogs} txdf hfFb5 } f}F .
oL dfux? dxf;+3s} Ph]08f x'g\ .
sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ub{5' .Ú
o;}u/L hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfn
sfe|n ] ] kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|n ] fO{ & a'bF ]
1fkgkq a'emfPsf] 5 . hgkqsf/
;+u7g g]kfnsf sfe|] lhNnf cWoIf
gs'n rf}nfufO{s + f] g]tT[ jdf uPsf]
6f]nLn] zfvfsf sfo{afxs cWoIf
lagf] b Gof} k fg] / ;lra slkn
sf]O/fnfnfO{ e]6/] pgs} sfo{sIfdf
k'uL 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] . g]kfnsf]
kqsfl/tf If]q / ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?sf]
;femf ;+:yf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{
yk dof{lbt, cg'zfl;t / lhDd]jf/
agfpg eGb} hgkqsf/ ;+u7gn]
1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] . 1fkgkqdf
>dhLlj kqsf/x?sf] Go" g td
kfl/>lds, k]zfut ;'/Iff / :yfloTjnfO{
;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu 7f]; kxn ug{
dfu ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} sf]le8sf sf/0f
/f]huf/ u'dfPsf ;+rf/sdL{sf] k'g:yf{kg,
/fxt / :jf:Yo pkrf/sf nflu kxn
ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
;+u7gn] ;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0f u/L
dxf;+3nfO{ dof{lbt / lhDd]jf/L agfpg
cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . …kqsfl/tf ul//x]sf
kqsf/nfO{ ;xh / lgikIf ?kdf ;b:otf
k|fKt x'g] ;'lglZrt ul/of];\ .Ú dxf;+3nfO{
a'emfPsf] 1fkgkqdf elgPsf] 5, …g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+3n] kl/rfng ug]{ k|ToIf
ljb]zL ;xfotfnfO{ /f]lsof];\ . dxf;+3nfO{
cfTdflge{/ / :jb]zL ;xfotfaf6 ;+rfng
ug{ kxn ul/of];\ .Ú
;+u7gn] ;dfg'kflts lj1fkg
k|f0ffnLnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;+:yfut
kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . ;fy},
kqsf/x?sf] j[lQljsf; ug{ tflnd /
k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ dfu u/]sf]
5 . cgnfOg ;+rf/ dfWood tyf
lel8of] d fkm{ t \ kqsfl/tf ug] {
kqsf/x?sf] ;'/Iff Uof/]G6L ug{
kxnsb\dL lng ;+u7gn] dfu u/]sf]
5 . kqsf/x?sf] :jf:Yo aLdf, hLjg
aLdf / ;+rf/ ;fdu|Lsf] aLdf ug]{
Joj:yf ug{ klg dfu u/]sf] 5 .
1fkgkq a'‰b} sfo{afxs cWoIf
lagf]b Gof}kfg] ;lrj slkn sf]O/fnf
hgkqsf/n] p7fPsf d' 2 fx?
dxf;+3sf ;femf d'2f ePsfn] o;nfO{
sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm u/] .
…>dhLlj kqsf/x?sf d'2fx?df
dxf;+3 lhDd]jf/ 5 . dxf;+3sf] d'Vo
d'2f klg oxL xf] .Ú 1fkgkq a'‰b} pgn]
eg], …;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0fsf nflu
klg xfdL sfof{Gjogs} txdf hfFb5 } f}F .
oL dfux? dxf;+3s} Ph]08f x'g\ .
sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ub{5' .Ú
otf, hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfn
dsjfgk'/n] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3
dsjfgk'/nfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] 5 .
>dhLlj kqsf/x?sf] xslxt /
clwsf/sf ljljw ljifox¿ ;dflxt
ul/Psf] * a'Fb] 1fkgkq ;f]daf/
a' e mfPsf] xf] . pQm 1fkgkq
hgkqsf/ ;+ u 7g g] k fn
dsjfgk'/sf ;+of]hs ;"o{axfb'/
uf] n ] s f] g] t [ T jdf ;b:o k| N xfb
uf}td;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] g]kfn kqsf/
dxf;+3 dsjfgk'/sf cWoIf dl0f/fh
uf}tdnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] xf] .
;+of]hs ;"oa{ xfb'/ uf]ns ] f] x:tfIfl/t
1fkgkqdf b] x foadf] l hdsf
ljifoj:t'x¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
!_ >dhLlj kqsf/x?sf] Go"gtd
kfl/>lds, k]zfut ;'/Iff /
:yfloTjnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ 7f];
sbd rfnL sf]le8sf sf/0f
/f]huf/ u'dfPsf ;+rf/sdL{sf]
k' g :yf{ k gf, /fxt / :jf:Yo
pkrf/sf nflu kxn ul/g'kg]{ .
@_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ljdfª\s /sd
xfNg] u/L >dhLlj kqsf/x?sf]
lgMz' N s % nfv a/fa/sf]
:jf:Yo ljdf ug{ ;DalGwt
7fpFdf kxn ul/of];\ / To:tf]
ljdf ubf{ ;xh / ;lhnf]
k| l qmofaf6 x' g ] u /L ;a}
kqsf/x?df k" 0 f{ ¿kdf
sfof{Gjog ul/g'kg]{ .
#_ d x f ; + 3 s f ] ; b : o x ¿ s f ]
z' l 4s/0f ub} { ;a} kqsf/
;+u7g / kqsf/x?sf]
dxf;+3df ;xeflutfsf nflu
yk dof{lbt / lhDd]jf/ x'Fb}
kqsfl/tf ul//x]sf
kqsf/x?nfO{ ;xh / lgikIf
?kdf ;b:otf k| f Kt x' g ]
jftfj/0f ;'lglZrt ul/g'kg]{ .
$_ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] kl/rfng
ug]{ cfly{s sf/f]jf/ kf/bzL{
ul/g'kg]{ .
%_ s]Gb|, k|bz ] / :yfgLo ;/sf/af6
k|fKt x'g] lj1fkgx¿ dxf;+3dfkm{t\
;dfg'kflts k|0ffnLaf6 ;a}
ldl8ofx?n] kfpg] jftfj/0f
ul/g'kg]{ .
^_ kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtf j[lQ ljsf;
ug{ ljleGg tflnd / k|lzIf0fsf]
Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{ .
&_ kqsf/x?dfly x' g ] ljleGg
lsl;dsf b'Jo{jxf/ cGTo ug{
plrt kxn ul/g'kg]{ .
*_ kl/rokq ePsf lqmofzLn
kqsf/x? ;femf oftfoftdf
lgMz'Ns ofqf ug{ kfpg] jftfj/0f
agfpg kxn ul/g'kg]{ .
1fkgkq a'‰b} cWoIf dl0f/fh
uf}tdn] >dhLlj kqsf/x?sf] lxtdf
lnlvt pko{'Qm ljifox¿ g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+ 3 åf/f sfof{ G jog
u/fpgsf nflu cfjZos ;a} sbd
rfNg] atfPsf 5g\ .
sf7df8f}F . a}s
+ tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
kl/;+3 g]kfn -;LaLkmLg_ n] 3/hUuf
sf/f]af/, ;]o/ h:tf ;§]afhL h:tf
If]qdf ul/g] shf{ nufgLn] cfly{s If]qnfO{
rnfodfg agfpg / t/n ;DklQ lgdf{0f
ug{ ;xof]u gk'¥ofpg] ljZn]if0f ub}{ a}l+ sª
If]qdf b]lvPsf] t/ntfsf] sf/0f /
;dfwfgsf] pkfox? ;DaGwdf k|ltjbg
tof/ u/]/ g]kfn /fi6«as +} sf ueg{/
dxfk|;fb clwsf/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 .
;LaLkmLgn] tof/ u/]sf] k|ltj]bgn] a}l+ sª
If]qdf t/ntf cefj x'gd ' f a}l+ sª
Joj:yfkg s} d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] ljifonfO{
cf}N+ ofPsf] 5 . a}s + x?n] cg'Tkfbs jf
sd pTkfbsTj If]qdf pRr shf{ k|jfx
u/]sf] / lgIf]ksf] n'5fr'8F Ln] t/ntf cefj
ePsf] s'/f k|ltj]bgdf cf}N+ ofOPsf] 5 .
;LaLkmLgn] cWoogcg';f/ @)&*
cfiff9df $& k|ltzt /x]sf] d'2tL lgIf]ksf]
c+z @)&* d+l;/ d;fGtdf %$=# k|ltzt
k'us ] f] / artsf] c+z %$=# k|ltztaf6
#!=% k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . a}s + x?sf]
lgIf]kdf rNtL / artsf] c+z 36\b}
uO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . d'2tLsf] c+z eg] PSsf;L
a9\g uO{ t/ntf Joj:yfkgdf bafj k'us ] f]
cf}+NofPsf] 5 . To:t}u/L ;+3n]
pkef]UocGtu{tsf] cGo / cGo zLif{sdf
!) va{ %% ca{ nufgL ePsf], h'g hDdf
shf{sf] @# k|ltzt /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
o:tf cg'Tkfbs If]qdf shf{ a9]kl5
t/ntf Joj:yfkgdf ;d:of b]lvg'
:jefljs ePsf] ;+3n] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v
u/]sf] 5 . k|ltj]bgdf ut cf= j= df !)
k|ltztn] 36]sf] cfoft o; cjlwdf ^!=^
k|ltztn] a9]sf], h;sf/0f cfoftdf a9L
vr{ x'bF f k'hF L lgdf{0f x'g g;ls/x]sfn]
t/ntfdf rfk kg]{ u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .
;+3sf] k|ltj]bg cg';f/ g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y
pTkfbgdf e08} @% k|ltzt of]ubfg
ljk|i] f0f cfk|jfxsf] /xg] u/]sf]df kl5Nnf]
;dodf cfk|jfxdf b]lvPsf] sdLn]
a}s+ x?aLr lgIf]ksf] Aofhb/ a9fpg] ;xdlt
sf7df8f}F . jfl0fHo a}s
+ sf k|dv
' tTsfn :yug ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
sfo{sf/L clws[tx?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g
g]kfn a}s + ;{ ;+3n] z'qmaf/ kmfu'g
dlxgfsf nflu Aofhb/ a9fpg] ;xdlt
u/]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do a}s + x?df
nufgL of]Uo /sd -t/ntf_ cefj
rsf]{ qmddf 5 . shf{sf] dfu lg/Gt/
al9/x]sf] t/ lgIf]k eg] cfpg g;s]sf]
eGb} a}s
+ x?aLr Aofhb/ a9fpg] eb|
;xdlt ul/Psf] ;+3sf Ps ;b:on]
hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg' ; f/
JolQmuttkm{ d'2tLdf jflif{s !!=)#
k|ltzt Aofhb/ k'¥ofpg] ;xdlt
ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 df3 dlxgfsf
nflu a} + s x?n] !)=)& k| l tzt
Aofhb/ lbg] ;xdlt u/]sf lyP .
k' ; df a9fOPsf] Aofhb/ df3
dlxgfdf eg] a9fOPg . t/, kmfu'gdf
eg] Ps}k6s sl/a ! k|ltzt Aofhb/
a9fpg] lg0f{ o ePsf] xf] .
;xdltcg';f/ ca jfl0fHo a}s + x/n]
;+:yfutdf lgIf]kdf !)=# k|ltzt
Aofhb/ lbg]5g\ . o;}u/L art
vfftfdf % k|ltzt / sndf #=)!%
k|ltzt Jofhb/ lbg] eb| ;xdlt
ePsf] tL ;b:on] hfgsf/L lbP .
o;}aLr, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo
dxf;‹n] lgIf]kdf Aofh j[l4sf] lg0f{o
Pd;L;Llj?4=====
hgcfGbf] n gsf] tof/L u/f} + –
ca ;+;bleq / aflx/ ;a}lt/ gofF
w'j|Ls/0f tof/L u/f}+ . s] ;+;bleq
k|r08, dfwj g]kfn, lrqaxfb'/ s];L,
gf/fo0fdfg ljh'R5] / eLd /fjnx?sf]
;+oQ' m df]rf{ aGg ;S5 < s] ;+;b
aflx/ ljKnj, ls/0f, l;kL
d}gfnLnufot /fi6«jfbL zlQmx?sf]
;+ o ' Q m df] r f{ aGg ;S5 < s]
k" j { / fhfjfbLx?, /fi6« j fbLx? /
gful/s ;dfhx? of] df]rf{df cfpg
;S5g\ < lrqaxfb'/ s];Lsf] Pp6f
;+Zn]if0f ;xL 5 M Pd;L;L t of]
;+;baf6 kfl/t ul/xfNg ;S5g\ t/,
To;kl5 /fli6«o cfGbf]ngsf] p7fg
ug{ h?/L 5 . olb ljZjfl;nf] /
e/kbf]{ u7aGwg agfpg ;s]df
hgtfn] :jt:k"mt{ ?kdf cg'df]bg
ug]{ ;+;bnfO{ nv]6\g ;'? ug]{5g\ .
s] o;sf nflu bnx? tof/ 5g\ <
s] ;+;bleqsf bnx?n] of] lxDdt
a}s
+ x?sf] t/n ;DklQ 36\g k'usf] xf] .
To:t} shf{If]qsf] ;DaGwdf @ aif{ jf
Tof]eGbf a9Lsf] d'2tL lgIf]kdf sl/a !)
k|ltzt /x]sf]df bL3{sfnLg shf{ #)
k|ltzteGbf klg a9L /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
g]kfn /fi6« a}s
+ sf] tYof+scg';f/ %(*
ca{ ?k}o+ fF bL3{sflng shf{ ! aif{ jf
;f]eGbf sd calwsf] lgIf]k jf art–
rNtL lgIf]kaf6 nufgL ePsf] b]lvPsf
5 . o:tf] dxfdf/Lsf] cj:yfaf6 b]z
u'lh|/xFbf klg hDdf shf{df lgl:qmo shf{sf]
c+z hDdf !=#& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
sf]le8\sf] c;/sf] sf/0f k'gtf{lnsLs/0f
– k'g/;+/rgf ug{' k/]sf] jf Dofb yk
ul/Psf sf/0f ls:tf /sd ;dodf cfpg
g;s]sf] . t/, d'2tL lgIf]k gjLs/0f ug{k' g]{
bafjsf sf/0f lgIf]k tfgftfg ug{k' g]{
cj:yf l;h{gf eO{ t/ntfdf rfk k/]sf]
k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;+3n]
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'h F Lut vr{ ug]{ k|0ffnLsf]
bogLo atfpFb} e'QmfgL k|0ffnL klg
k|lqmofd'vL ePsf] cf}+NofPsf] 5 .
h;sf/0fn] klg t/ntf cefj b]lvPsf]
;+3n] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 .
;+ 3 n] ueg{ / nfO{ a' e mfPsf]
k|ltj]bgdf t/ntf cefjsf] sf/0fnfO{
b]vfpFb} ;dfwfgsf pkfo klg cf}N+ ofPsf]
5 . a}l+ sª If]qdf t/ntf cefjsf]
;dfwfgsf] pkfosf] ;Gbe{df ;+3n] a}l+ sª
Joj:yfkg kIfb]lv ;/sf/;DdnfO{
;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . k|ltj]bgn] casf
lbgdf t/ntf cefjsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg
ug{ /fi6« a}s + n] ;LaLkmLg, g]kfn a}s + ;{
;+3, 8]enkd]G6 a}s + ;{ P;f]l;Pg g]kfn
/ g]kfn ljQLo ;+:yf P;f]l;P;g;Fu
3lge"t 5nkmn u/L ;dGjofTds?kdf
cl3 a9\gk' g]{ ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . o:tf]
;dGjosf] kxn ueg{/n] g} lng'kg]{ s'/f
pQm k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
;fy} ;+3n] Aofhb/df l:y/tf sfod
ub}{ lgIf]ksf] ld>0f ;'wf/ ug]{ gLlt
g]kfn a}s + ;{ ;‹ lgIf]ksf] Aofhb/df
j[l4 ug]{ lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs eP nuQ}
dxf;‹n] s8f cfklQ hgfpFb} tTsfn
pQm lg0f{o :yug ug{ cfu|x u/]sf]
xf] . sf]le8sf sf/0f ;fgf 7"nf ;a}
k|sf/sf pBf]u Joj;fo oltv]/ cToGt
sl7g cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf k"jj{ t\
cj:yfdf ;~rfng x'g g;s]sf] tYo
k]z ub}{ dxf;‹n] a}l+ sª If]qaf6 pBf]u
Joj;fonfO{ k"0f{¿kdf ;~rfng ug]{
sfo{df ;xof]usf] ck]Iff eO/x]sf]
cj:yfdf lgIf]ksf] Jofh a9fpg] ljifo
ldNbf] gePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . a}lsª
If]qaf6 ljutdf ePsf ;sf/fTds
kxnsf] lghL If]qn] ;b}j :jfut u/]sf]
pNn]v ub}{ dxf;‹n] c;xh cj:yfaf6
u'lh|/x]sf] pBf]u Joj;fo If]q tyf
pBf]uL Joj;foLn] lnPsf] C0fsf] Aofh
b/ k'gM a9]df of] If]q yk w/fzoL x'g]
/ pBf]uL Joj;foL ;8sdf cfpg]
kl/l:ylt ;[hgf x'g] xf] ls eGg]df lghL
If]qn] lrGtf JoQm u/]sf] 5 . x/]s
q}dfl;sdf lgIf]kdf Jofh b/ j[l4 x'bF }
hfg] k|yf sfod x'g] xf] eg] d'ns ' leq
pBf]u Joj;fo ug{ ;Dej gePsf]
dxf;‹n] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . Jofh b/df
cl:y/tf sfod /x+ F b f d' n ' s df
ug{ ;S5g\ < s] k|r08 / dwj g]kfnn]
of] lxDdt ug{ ;S5g\ t < ;a}nfO{
yfxf 5, k|r08sf] bf]xf]/f] rl/q /
e" l dsfsf] Oltxf; k6s–k6s
pbf+luPsf] 5 . ca cfkm\gf] :ki6 /
;a}n] b]Vg] jf:tljs e"ldsfsf]
cfjZostf 5 . ljKnj / ls/0fx?
t ;8sdf tof/ g} 5g\ t/ pgLx?n]
;+sL0f{tfx? Tofu]/ ;a} /fi6«jfbL zlQm
/ ;d"xx? Nofpg' k5{ / ;+oQ ' m df]rf{
agfpg' k5{ . ;+sL0f{tfx? dfq af]Sg]
xf] eg] cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf; x'bF g} , ljgfz
dfq} x'G5 . Oltxf;df cj;/x? ;w}eF l/
cfpFbg} g\ . klxnf b]znfO{ arfcf}+ clg
c? cEof; u/f}n + f . b]z arfP/ clg
ax;x? u/f}n + f.
%= Oltxf;s} ;a} e Gbf 7" n f]
ljefhg – hgdt olt 7" n f]
ljefhg Oltxf;df slxNo} ePsf]
lyPg . sf+u|];sf ;b:ox? klg
Pd;L;L lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf cfpg]
5g\ . pgLx?n] cleofg rnfO/x]sf
Nofpg'kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . casf
lbgdf ljkGg au{df ePsf] shf{sf]
;xL?kdf ;b'kof]u u/L ljleGg ju{sf]
hLjg:t/ psf:g / cfoft k|lt:yfkg
ug]{ sfo{df 6]jf k'¥ofpg Ps 5'§} cWoog
x'gk' g]{ s'/fnfO{ ;+3n] cf}N+ ofPsf] 5 .
;/sf/L ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] d'2tL
lgIf]kx? Go"gtd # jif{ cjlw;Dd /fVg'kg],{
art / d'2tLsf] Aofhb/ 36fpg'kg]{
;'emfj k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
pTkfbgd"ns / cg'Tkfbs If]qdf ul/g]
nufgLsf] Aofhb/ km/s x'gk' g],{ cfoftdf
yk s8fO{ u/L ;Dk"0f{ k|lttkqaf6
cfofltt j:t'df !)) k|ltzt gub
dflh{g /fVg'kg]{ h;n] ubf{ :jb]zL j:t'sf]
k|of]unfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug]{ 5 . cfoftdf
cfTdlge{/ ePsf j:t'df cfoft
k|lt:yfkg s/ nufpg] / cfjZostf
x]/L cf+lzs jf k"0f{ aGb]h nufpg] s'/f
;+3n] t/ntf Joj:yfkg ug]{ ;'emfjsf]
?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . To:t} ;+3n]
/f]huf/sf] lgldQ ljb]z hfg] gful/snfO{
clgjfo{ a}s + vftf vf]Ng nufpg],
/]ld6\ofG;sf] cfk|jfxdf yk ! k|ltzt
Aofh lbg] / ljb]z hfg] hgzlQmnfO{ klg
;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]ifdf ;xefuL u/fpg]
Joj:yf ug{k' g]{ ;'emfjnfO{ cf}N+ ofOPsf] 5 .
a}s+ tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] klg
sf]le8\n] kf/]sf] c;/sf] j:t'lgi7
d"Nof+sg u/L ;f] c;/nfO{ sd ug{ shf{
lj:tf/df lgoGq0f ug{' pko'Qm x'g] ;'emfj
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} ;'emfjsf]
?kdf lgb]l{ zt nufgLcGtu{t NofOPsf]
shf{ gLlt k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g' pko'Qm
x'g] s'/fnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . k'h F Lut
vr{ / e'QmfgLsf] k/Dk/fut k|0ffnLdf
Jofks ;'wf/sf nflu g]kfn /fi6«
a}s+ dfkm{t\ ;xhLs/0f x'g' cfjZos
b]lvPsf] s'/fnfO{ t/ntf cefj
;dfwfgsf nflu a} + s ;{ x ?n]
k|ltj]bgdfkm{t ;'emfj cf}N+ ofPsf 5g\ .
Jofj;flos nfut k|If]k0f ug{ ;Sg]
cj:yf;d]t gx'g] dxf;‹sf] a'emfO 5 .
Aofhb/ j[l4af6 t/ntf ;d:of ;dfwfg
gx'g]df cfk"m ljZj:t /x]sf] eGb}
dxf;‹n] oLnufotsf sf/0faf6 pBf]u
Joj;fo If]q rf}tkmL{ bafadf kbf{ o;sf]
k|ToIf c;/ d'n'ssf] pTkfbg /
cy{tGqdf kg]{ :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 .
Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] bfo/f lgs} a9L
/x]sf] cj:yfdf, kl5Nnf] k6s lgIf]kdf
Aofhb/ j[l4sf] lg0f{oaf6 shf{sf] Jofh
b/ j[l4 x'g uO{ pBf]u Joj;fo yk
lzlyn x'g] tyf cfGtl/s pTkfbg g}
7Kk x'g hfg] cj:yf cfpg]tkm{
dxf;‹n] ;/sf/ / g]kfn /fi6« a}s + sf]
Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] 5 . cgk]lIft?kdf
ul/Psf] lgIf]kdf Jofhb/ j[l4sf]
lg0f{on] cfwf/ b/ j[l4 x'g uO{ C0fsf]
Aofh b/;d]tdf j[l4 x'g] cfz+sf ug]{
7fpF kof{Kt b]lvPsfn] tTsfn pQm
lg0f{o :yug ug{ dxf;‹n] /fi6« a}s +
;dIf uDeL/ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
ylnPsf pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ ;';' ~rfng
ug]{ jftfj/0f agfpg ;/sf/, /fi6«
a}s
+ / a}lsª If]q;Fu cfu|x ub}{ o;sf
nflu lg/Gt/ ;+jfb / ;xsfo{df /xg
g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;‹ ;b}j
tof/ /x]sf] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 .
5g\ . Pdfn] hgdts} sf/0f 8/fP/
;+;bdf df}g a;]sf] xf] . Pd;L;Ldf
dtbfg gug{ 7"nf] bafa 5 . hgtfn]
g]t[Tj vf]hL /x]sf 5g\ / ;+o'Qm
hgcfGbf]ngsf] cfjZostfsf] dx;';
u/]sf 5g\ . To;sf/0f olb gofF
hgcfGbf]ngsf] tof/Ldf hfg] xf] eg]
b]zdf 7"nf] pynk'yn x'g] ;Defjgf
5 . gful/s ;d" x / /fi6« j fbL
gful/s ldn] / a[ x t\ ;+ o ' Q m
hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff jf tof/L ug'{
cfhsf] j:t'ut cfjZostf xf] . /fi6«
a]Rg] ck/fw IfDo x'bF g} , of] k'li6
ug'k{ b{5 . /fi6«3ftLx?nfO{ k'/:s[t
u/fpg], r'gfjdf lhtfpg] / ;Qfdf
/fvL /fVg] e"n gu/f}+ . ca of] ;xL
;do cfPsf] 5 . ;xL ;dodf ;xL
lg0f{o u/f}+ . ljKnjn] eg]h:t} ;w}+
qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, /fi6«jfbL /
;Rrf nf]stGqjfbL zlQmx? ldn]/
a[xt hgcfGbf]ngsf] tof/L u/f}+ .
/fi6«3ftLx?sf] efufefu ;'? eOxfN5 .
 @)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/
Pd;L;Lsf] g]kfn ds;b
ljB' t \ / ;8s g} lsg <
sltko dfG5]sf] ts{ s] 5 eg]
g]kfndf cTolws ul/jLsf] ;d:of
x'gs
' f] d'Vo sf/0f x'g\ ckof{Kt ljB't\
/ ;8s . oxL sf/0fn] g} Pd;L;Ln]
vu]Gb| 5GTofn
g]kfnsf cyfx k|fs[lts >f]t
;fwg dfly sAhf hdfpg'
Pd;L;Lsf] csf]{ g]kfn ds;b
xf] . g]kfn ;/sf/n] k7fPsf]
kqsf] hjfkm lbg] qmddf
Pd;L;Ln] n]vs ] f] kqsf] a'bF f g+=
!! -`_ df :k:6 n]lvPsf] 5
…cg'bfgsf] k|efjsfl/tf, n]vfk/LIf0f, / p2]Zo k|flKtsf] d"NofÍg
h:tf If]q;Fu ;DalGwt s]xL Joj:yfx? kfFr jif{sf] sDKofS6sf]
cjlwkl5 klg sfod /xG5g\ .Æ o;/L ;Demf}tfdf % aif{df
kl/of]hgf ;Sg] eg] tfklg Pd;L;Ln] slxn] g]kfn 5f]8g\ ] eGg] s'/f
lgotjz v'nfOPsf] 5}g . lgld{t kl/of]hgfsf] ;+/If0f, /]vb]v /
;'/Iffsf] gfddf of cGo ljljw axfgfdf hlt jif{ klg g]kfndf
Pd;L;L a:g ;Sg] l:ylt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . %) jif{ kl5 dfq
pTkfbg x'g;Sg] ljB't\ 6«fG;ldzg k|zf/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] of]hgf
x]bf{ Pd;L;L sd;]sd !)) aif{ a:g] p2]Zon] g]kfn l5/]sf]
b]lvG5 . of] cjlwdf g]kfnsf k|fs[lts ;|ft] ;fwgx? dfly sAhf
hdfP/ o'/l] god, ;'g / cGo dxTjk"0f{ hl8a'l6 h:tf ax'dN" o
k|fs[lts ;DklQx? cd]l/sf k'lu;s]sf x'g5] g\ .
g]kfnsf] ljB't\ k|zf/0f nfOg la:tf/
/ ;8s la:tf/df ;xof] u ug{
nfu]sf] xf] . g]kfndf ul/jLsf] ;d:of
x'g'sf lalaw sf/0fx?dWo] Tof] klg
Pp6f sf/0f cj:o xf] . t/, ToxL
sf/0fn] g} Pd;L;Ln] g]kfnsf ljB't\
/ ;8s la:tf/;DaGwL sfo{qmd
NofPsf] eGg] s'/fdf s'g} bd 5}g .
a? Pd;L;Ln] lsg ljB't\ / ;8s
g} /f]Hof] < nufgL ug{sf lglDt :jf:Yo,
lzIff, ko{6g, pBf]u, >d, ;+rf/,
l;+rfOnufot s}of} ljifo x'to:Fbfx'bF }
Pd;L;Lsf] Wofg ljB't\ / ;8s d}
lsg uof] < of] rf;f]sf] laifo xf] .
lj1x? eG5g\– æxfn g]kfndf ljB't\
6«fG;ldzg nfOgsf] Ifdtf !#@ s]eL
sf] 5 / oxfF nueu ljB't\ pTkfbg
df]6fdf]6L !@)) d]ufjf6 x'G5 . $
xhf/ d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg ePdf
Pd;L;Ln] agfpg] elgPsf] $))
s]eL Ifdtfsf] 6«fG;ldzg nfOgdf
kf; ug{ l7Ss x'G5 . xfn g]kfndf
pTkflbt !@)) d]ufjf6 ljB't\
g]kfnsf] lglDt kof{Kt 5}g To;}n]
ef/taf6 ljB' t \ vl/b ul/G5 .
tTsfn kof{ K t ljB' t \ s f] lglDt
g]kfnnfO{ yk !))) d]ufjf6 eP
k'U5 . g]kfnnfO{ k"0f{?kn] ljB'tLos/0f
ug]{ xf] eg] bz xhf/ d]ufjf6 ljB't\
rflxG5 . ha ls g]kfndf bz xhf/
d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkflbt x'g sl/j
krf; jif{sf] ;do nfU5 . æca xfdL
a'emf}F xfdLn] cfkm}F kof{Kt k|of]u ug]{
ljB't\ pTkfbg x'gsf lglDt krf;
aif{ s'g'{ kg]{ x'G5 eg] laqmL ug]{ ljB't\
slxn] pTkfbg x'g] < lsgls s'g} klg
lrh laqmL ug]{ eg]sf] cfk"mnfO{ a9L
eP/ g} t xf] . To;sf/0f tTsfn
cfjZostfsf] b[l:6af6 x]bf{ g]kfnnfO{
$)) s]eL Ifdtfsf] 6«fG;ldzg nfOg
cfjZos 5}g . ;flRrg} ljB't\ laqmL
g} ug]{ xf] eg] To;n] k'Ub}g . Tof]eGbf
a9L Ifdtfsf] cyf{t bz xhf/
s]eLeGbf a9L Ifdtfsf] rflxG5 . /
;dosf] b[li6n] x]bf{ krf; aif{ cl3
Tof] ;Dej b]lvFb}g .
csf]{ s'/f s]?ªb]lv sf7df8f}F x'bF }
kf]v/fb]lv n'lDagL;Ddsf] rLgn]
agfpg] eg]sf] /]n dfu{sf] ?6 /
sf7df8f} F s f] nlK;km] b Laf6
/ftfdf6];Dd, /ftfdf6]b]lv x]6f}+8f /
bdf}nL x'Fb} a'6jn;Ddsf] Pd;L;Ln]
agfpg] eg]sf] ljB't\ 6«fG;ldzg
nfOgsf] ?6 Ppt} k¥of] . ca k|Zg
p7\5 rLgåf/f k"j3{ f]lift /]n dfu{nfO{
g} Pd;L;Ln] cfˆgf] ljB't\ 6«fG;ldzg
nfOgsf] ?6 lsg agfof] < To:t} k"j,{
dWo / dWoklZrdsf ;8s dd{t /
la:tf/ ug]{ of]hgfcGtu{t d]rLb]lv
u08sL;Ddsf d' V o ;8sx?
Pd;L;Lsf sfo{If]q leq k/]sf 5g\ .
o; leq Psflt/ ef/t / csf]{lt/
ltAatsf] k|j]zåf/ kb{5g\ . oL b'O{
kl/of]hgfcGtu{t *%^ ljB't\ k|;f/0f
6fj/, #!@ lsnf] ld6/ k|zf/0f
nfOg/ s'n (( lsld ;8s $^
ld6/ rf}8f /fO{6 ckm j] lgdf{0f
x'g]5g\ . To;sf] lglDt #) j6f
gu/÷ ufpm kflnsf, To;cGtu{tsf
%! j6f ef}lts ;+/rgf / & j6f
gbL k|efljt x'g5] g\ . Wofg lbg'kg]{
s'/f s] 5 eg] ;Demf}tfsf] wf/f *
sf] bkmf *=! cg';f/ kl/of]hgf nfu"
ePsf :yfgsf] hn, hldg, h+un
h]–h] k5{g\ tL ;a} g]kfnsf] ;DalGwt
dGqfnon] Pd;L;Lsf] gfddf kf;
ul/lbg'kg]{ dfq xf]Og wf/f & sf] bkmf
&=! n] tL If]qx?df cd]/LsL sfg"g
nfu" x'g] s'/f klg lglZrt ul/Psf]
5 . oL tYox?n] s] s'/f k|:6 ub{5g\
eg] rLgsf] la?4 cd]l/sfn] ;fdl/s
o'4sf] tof/L ub}5 { . o;sf] lglDt
cd]l/sfn] g]kfnsf] ;8s / ljB't\
k|of]u ug{ rfxG5 hf] xfn To; k|sf/sf]
o'4sf] lglDt k|of]u of]Uo 5}gg\ .
Pd;L;Ln] g]kfndf ljB't\ / ;8s g}
/f]Hg' k5fl8sf] /fu oxL xf] .
;+ ; b\ a f6 kfl/t ug{ ' g} lsg
k¥of] <
cfh;Dd g]kfnn] cGo /fi6«x?
tyf ;+ : yfx? h:t} ljZj a} + s ,
PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s, hfkfgsf]
hfO{sf, a]nfotsf] DFID cd]l/sfs}
USAID cflb;F u cfly{ s
sfo{qmd;DaGwL s}of}F ;Demf}tfx?
u/]sf] 5 . tLdWo] s'g} klg ;+;b\af6
kfl/t ul/Psf 5}gg\ lsgls ;a}nfO{
To;sf] cfjZos lyPg . t/,
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf g]kfnsf] ;+;baf6
kfl/t ul/g' k b{ 5 eGg] :jo+
Pd;L;Lsf] zt{ ePsf] sf/0f To;sf]
lglDt k|oTg ul/Fb}5 . To;f] t
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf ;+;baf6 kfl/t
ul/g'kb{5 eGg] eP tfklg o;sf
s}of} -sfof{no vf]Ng], sd{rf/L /fVg],
hUuf clwu|x0f ug]{ cflb, OToflb_
sfdx? of] ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 kfl/t
x'g' cl3 g} e};s]sf b]lvG5g\ .
hfgsf/x?sf cg' ; f/ g] k fnn]
Pd;L;Ldf vr{ ug]{ eg]sf] nueu
!# s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ t o; cl3
g} vr{ e};Sof] . tyflk Pd;L;Ln]
cfk"m alnof] x'gsf] lglDt e/kbf]{
cfwf/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;+;bsf] cg'df]bg
dfu u/]sf]5 . ;+;b\af6 kfl/t u/]sf]
s'g} klg dxTjk"0f{ k|:tfj ;DalGwt
b]zsf] P]g;/x x'g] / To;nfO{ xQkQ
5'g gkfOg] x'G5 . lgMzGb]x oxL
sf/0fn] g} Pd;L;Ln] ;f] ;Demf}tf
;+;b\af6 kfl/t ul/g'kg]{ zt{ /fv]sf]
xf] . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg wf/f @&( df
…zflGt / d}qL ;lGwÚ tyf …k|fs[lts
;| f ] t tyf To;sf] pkof] u sf]
afF8kmfF8Úsf] ljifo ;+;bsf] b'Ol{ txfO{
ax'dtn] kfl/t ug{' kg]{ eGg] k|fjwfg
x'FbfxF'b} ;/sf/n] ab\lgotk"0f{ 9+un]
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfnfO{ ;+;bsf] ;fdfGo
ax'dtn] kfl/t ug]{ Aoa:yf u/]sf]5 .
of] v]bhgs sfo{ t xf] g} ;fy}
;+;b\jfbsf] pkxf; klg .
Pd;L;Lsf] g] k fn ds;b
;+ ; f/sf clwsf+ z d' n ' s df
cd]l/sfsf] Pd;L;L dS;b rLgsf]
cfly{s sfo{qmddf efhf] xfNg] / ;w}F
cfˆg} babaf sfod /flv/xg]
b]lvG5 . t/, g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{ s]xL
km/s 5 . rLg;Fu l;dfgf hf]l8Psf]
/ ;fdl/s b[li6sf]0fn] pkof]uL d'ns '
ePsf] sf/0f cd] l /sfsf]
O{ G 8f] K ofl;lkms /0fgLltcGtu{ t
g]kfnnfO{ pkof]u u/]/ rLgnfO{ kmf}hL
9+un] l;Wofpg' Pd;L;Lsf] Pp6f
g]kfn dS;b xf] . lj=;+= @)&$ ;fn
a}zfv @( ut] lrlgofF kl/of]hgf
lacf/cfO{ d f g] k fnn] x:tfIf/
u/]kZrft To;sf] l7s $ dlxgf kl5
@)&$ ;fn ebf} @( ut] g]kfnnfO{
Pd;L;Ldf x:tfIf/ u/fpg' ,
c:jefljs $)) s]eLsf] laB't
k|;f/0f 6«fG;ldzg nfOg :yfkgfsf]
of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{,' rLgn] tof/ u/]sf]
/]n nfOgsf] ?6 d} ljB't\ 6«fG;ldzg
k|zf/0f nfOgsf] ?6 to ul/g', tL
7fpF hf] Pd;L;Lsf] ljB't\ k|zf/0f
?6 dfq xf]Og rLgsf] /]nsf] ?6 klg
xf] sf] :jfldTj cd]l/sfsf] gfddf
kf; ul/lbg'kg]{ zt{ /flvg', tL 7fpFdf
g]kfnsf] k|rlnt sfg'g nfu" gx'g]
cd]l/sL sfg'g nfu" x'g] zt{ /flvg',
c:jefljs $^ ld6/ rf}8f ;8s
lgdf{0fsf] of]hgf to ug{', ;fdl/s
9+un] pko'Qm 7fpF x]/]/ ;8s dd{t
/ la:tf/sf] of]hgf agfpg', tL
7fpFsf klg sfg'gL?kn] g} :jfldTj
Pd;L;L cd]l/sfsf] gfddf kf;
vf]Hg', tL 7fpFdf g]kfnsf] k|rlnt
sfg'g nfu" gx'g] cd]l/sL sfg'g nfu"
x'g] zt{ /flvg', lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf]
gfddf cd]l/sfn] g]kfndf h] -o'4
;fdu|L_ Nofo klg ;f]Wg a'‰g gkfpg]
zt{ /flvg' , g] k fn ;/sf/n]
kl/of]hgfsf] af/]df hfgfsf/L lngsf]
lglDt lnlvt cg'dlt lng'kg]{ Aoa:yf
ul/g', sd{rf/L of sfdbf/ ;j}
Pd;L;Ln] dfq /fVg] gfddf sd{rf/L
/ sfdbf/sf] axfgfdf c3f]lift ?kdf
;j} cd]l/sL ;]gf < /fVg klg ;lsg]
k|fjwfg /flvg', lgdf{0f ;fdu|L /
;+/rgf ;'/Iffsf] axfgfdf cd]l/sL
;]gf 3f]lift?kdf /fVg ;lsg] zt{
;lxt s}of} ;fdl/s / /0fg}lts
k|sf/sf] zt{x? /flvg' g} g]kfndf
:yfoL ;}Go SofDk v8f ug]{ / rLgnfO{
3]/f xfn]/ l;Wofpg] Pd;L;Lsf] g]kfn
ds;bsf k|df0f x'g\ Û
To:t} g]kfnsf cyfx k|fs[lts
>f]t ;fwg dfly sAhf hdfpg'
Pd;L;Lsf] csf]{ g]kfn ds;b xf] .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] k7fPsf] kqsf] hjfkm
lbg] qmddf Pd;L;Ln] n]v]sf] kqsf]
a'bF f g+= !! -`_ df :k:6 n]lvPsf]
5 …cg' b fgsf] k| e fjsfl/tf,
n]vfk/LIf0f, / p2]Zo k|flKtsf] d"NofÍg
h:tf If] q ;F u ;DalGwt s] x L
Joj:yfx? kfFr jif{sf] sDKofS6sf]
n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
…If]Kof:qÚ ;fKtflxs / …hgva/Ú
cgnfOgdf k|sfzgfy{
/fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf n]v,
/rgf / tl:j/x¿ pknAw u/fO{
;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g OR5's ;a}df
cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|
yfkfufp“, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com
janakhabar@gmail.com
7
cjlwkl5 klg sfod /xG5g\ .Æ o;/L
;Demf}tfdf % aif{df kl/of]hgf ;Sg]
eg] tfklg Pd;L;Ln] slxn] g]kfn
5f]8g\ ] eGg] s'/f lgotjz v'nfOPsf]
5}g . lgld{t kl/of]hgfsf] ;+/If0f,
/]vb]v / ;'/Iffsf] gfddf of cGo
ljljw axfgfdf hlt jif{ klg g]kfndf
Pd;L;L a:g ;Sg] l:ylt sfod
ul/Psf] 5 . %) jif{ kl5 dfq
pTkfbg x'g;Sg] ljB't\ 6«fG;ldzg
k|zf/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] of]hgf x]bf{
Pd;L;L sd;]sd !)) aif{ a:g]
p2]Zon] g]kfn l5/]sf] b]lvG5 . of]
cjlwdf g]kfnsf k|fs[lts ;|f]t
;fwgx? dfly sAhf hdfP/ o'/l] god,
;'g / cGo dxTjk"0f{ hl8a'l6 h:tf
ax'dN" o k|fs[lts ;DklQx? cd]l/sf
k'lu;s]sf x'g5 ] g\ .
nf]skf6LGo'hdf lbg]z lnDa' n]Vg'
x' G 5 æPd;L;Lsf] k| : tfjgfdf
…;Demf}tfcGtu{t Pd;L;Lsf] ;xfotfn]
g]kfnsf] ;'zf;g, cfly{s :jtGqtf tyf
hgtfdf ul/g] nufgL ;'b[9 ug]{
k|ltjåtf ul/Psf] 5 . of] eg]sf]
g]kfnsf] ;dfhjfb, hgjfbsf cfly{s
cfwf/x¿ hnljB't, hn;|ft] , h+un,
hldg / ;8sx¿ /fHoaf6 vf];/]
bnfn k' F h Lklt tyf ax' / fli6« o
lgudx¿sf] xftdf lbg] / pgLx¿dfkm{t\
xfd|f] o'/l] god phf{, sRrf kbfy{, ef}lts
tyf af}l4s ;DklQx¿ cd]l/sfdf
;~ro ug]{ e"–cy{/fhgLlt / ;}Go
/0fgLlt xf] Pd;L;L . k'h F LjfbL b]z /
pgLx¿n] sAhf u/]sf vf8L b]zx¿sf]
casf] ;o jif{leqdf ;Dk"0f{ k|fs[lts
;|ft] ;fwg ;lsG5 . To;sf/0f ca
lxGb dxf;fu/ / k|zfGt dxf;fu/
If]qsf cyfx k|fs[lts ;|ft] ;fwgx¿
vf];/] ;fd|fHojfbLx¿ xhf/ jif{;Dd
afFRg rfxG5g\ . oxL xf] Pd;L;L cyf{t\
ldn]lgod Rofn]~h skf]/{ z ] g .Ú
g]kfnsf s}of} gbLgfnf, ax'dN" o
wft', hl8a'6Lx?df cd]l/sfsf] Wofg
lautb]lv uPs} lyof] t/ kl5Nnf]
;do d':tfª\df e]l6Psf] ax'd"No
o'/l] godsf] e08f/n] p;nfO{ nf]EofPsf]
b]lvG5 . OG8f]Kofl;lkms ;]gf / g]kfnL
;]gfaLrsf] ;+oQ ' m ;}Go cEof;sf]
gfddf g]kfnnfO{ OG8f]Kofl;lkms
/0fgLltdf ;fd]n ug]{ ljlQs} cd]l/sfn]
o;af/] ;"Id cWog ul/;s]sf] 5 .
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
k]6«f]lnod=====
knfog, lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/ tyf
;fdflhs ;'/Iff emg} si6k"0f{ /
bogLo aGb} uPsf] 5 .Ú
g]tf ldngn] kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfn
cfon lgud ln= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no,
6] s ' , sf7df08f} n ] clGtd ldlt
@)&* df3 !* ut] lgudsf
;xk|jQmf k'is/ sfsL{sf] x:tfIf/df
k|;
] lj1lKt g} hf/L u/]/ clGtdk6s
k]6f« l] nod kbfy{df lgw{Ss d"Noj[l4
u¥of] / dËnaf/ /ftL !@ ah]b]lv
nfu" x'g] u/L ;fljssf] laqmLd"Nodf
k]6f« n] / l8hn k|ltln6/ ?= # a9fP/
ca k]6«f]nsf] k|ltln6/ ?= !$@ /
d§Lt]nsf] k|ltln6/ ?= !@% sfod
u/]sf] 5 eg] cfGtl/s xjfO{OGwgdf
k|ltln6/ ?= !) a9fPsf] 5 o;n]
g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;a}If]qdf c;/
kf/]sf] atfP .
g]tf ldngn] k|Zg ub}{ eg]– …s]
o; k|sf/sf] d"Noj[l4df vl/b d"No,
s/;lxtsf] s'n nfut, laqmL d"No
/ gfkmf–3f6fsf] c;dfg cj:yfsf]
ljj/0f x]bf{ ToxfF s'g} rnv]nsf]
e" l dsf 5} g < –cyf{ t \ ut !%
dlª\;/df g]kfn cfon lgudn] tof/
kf/]sf] ljj/0fcg';f/ ?= &^=## df
lsg]sf] ! ln6/ k]6«f]nnfO{ ?= !#^
df laqmL ubf{, jf ?= &^=%% df
lsg]sf] ! ln6/ l8hnnfO{ ?= !!(
df laqmL ubf{;d]t /fi6« / cfon
lgudnfO{ 3f6f / hgtfnfO{ ;f:tL
x'g'sf] sf/s / 5'k]?:td tTj s'g
/ s] xf] < . sfo{;DkGg ug]n { fO{ eGbf
b]Vg]nfO{ nfh eg]h:t} of] jif{ @)&*
df dfq} ! ln6/ k]6«f]nnfO{ j}zfv $
df ?= !@!, h]7 @ ut] ?= !@#, h]7
@@ ut] ?= !@%, c;f/ ( ut] ?=
!@&, c;f/ @@ ut] ?= !@(, ebf} &
ut] ?= !#), sflQs !@ ut] ?=
!##, sflQs @% ut] !#^ / df3
!* ut] ?= !$@ df / ! ln6/
d§LtnnfO{ To;}u/L j}zfv $ ut]
?= !)$, h]7 @ ut] ?= !)^, h]7
@@ ut] ?= !)*, c;f/ ( ut] !!),
c;f/ @@ ut] ?= !!@, ebf} & ut]
?= !!#, sflQs !@ ut] ?= !!^,
sflQs @% ut] ?= !!( / df3 !*
ut] !@% x'g]u/L / To;} cg'kftdf
cGo k]6«f]lnod kbfy{x¿nfO{ laqmL
ug] { ;/sf/ / cfon lgudsf]
u}/lhDd]jf/ tl/sf / b'lgofFnfO{
rlst kfg]{ sfo{zn } L s] :jfefljs /
j:t'k/s 5 jf b]lvG5 <Ú
o;} u /L, pQm cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmddf k"jd { V' o ;lrj lnnfd0fL
kf}8]nn] o;/L lbgfg'lbg d"Noj[l4
x' g ' d f ;a} e Gbf bf] ; L g] k fnsf]
/fHo;Qf / ;/sf/ ;~rfng ug]{x?
ePsf] atfP . pgn] ha;Dd
k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ef/tLo cfon
lgudsf] Psflwsf/ /xG5 ta;Dd
of] ;d:of /lx/xg] 7f]sj' f u/] . pgn]
k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] j}slNks ahf/sf]
vf]hL / rLgtkm{af6 klg vl/b u/]df
dfq g]kfnL hgtfn] of] ;f:tL ef]Ug
gkg]{ eGb} lrgLof;Fu /]n / t]nsf]
af/]df clgjfo{ kxn ug{k' g]{ s'/f /fVb}
cfk"m To;a]nfsf] lhDd]jf/ lgsfodf
ePsf] a] n fklg of] kxn u/] s f]
atfP . cfon lgud klg b'wn]
g'jfPsf] 5, eg]/ d}n] eGb}g lsgsL
ToxfF w]/} r'xfj6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 ;]jf
;'ljwf klg rfgr'g] 5}g . o;/L
d"Noj[l4 x'g'df sd{rf/L, ;/sf/ /
Aofkf/L ltg}kIfsf] ldn]dtf] x'G5 of]
eGg ;lsG5 eGb} cfon lgudn] k};f
sdfpg] wGbf ub{5 / Tof] k};f ;/sf/
/ ;/sf/ ;~rfng ug]{ bnnfO{ ;d]t
efuj08f hfg] pgsf] bfjL lyof] .
csf{ jQf cy{ /fhgLlts
ljZn]ifs xl/ /f]sfn] Aoj:yfkg kIf
;a}eGbf lhDd]jf/ x'gk' g]{ s'/f atfpb}
o;/L d" N oj[ l 4 x' g ' d f ;/sf/g}
lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] atfP . pgn] eg]–
…cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf o'4 gxf];, /
ljsNkdf lge{/ g/x]sf] v08df
cfufdL lbgx? emg} si7s/ /xg]
atfpb} ha;:tf]df t]n x'G5 Tof]
ef/tLo ahf/tkm{ g} u}xfN5 To;}n]
ef/t;Fusf] v'Nnf l;dfnfO{ ;d]t
lgodg / s8fO{ ug{ cfjZos 5 .
clxn] k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] Pp6fdfq
zfx' ef/t xf] of] k|s[of /lx/x]
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
k] 6 « f ] l nod kbfy{ d f d" N oj[ l 4 /
;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg xFb' g} .Ú
o;}u/L, jl/i7 clejQmf tyf
hgclwsf/ cleofg, g]kfnsf cWoIf
Ps/fh e08f/Ln] bnfn /fHoJoj:yf
/x];Dd o;k|sf/sf] ;d:ofx? /lx
/xg] 7f]sj' f u/] . pgn] cfon lgudn]
d"Noj[l4 ug{' l7s xf]Og / To;sf]
c;/ gful/snfO{ ;a}If]qdf kg]{
ePsfn] xfdLn] cfGbf]ng ug{ tof/
/xg'kg]{ atfpb} of] /fHo;Qf abNg'
kb{5, sfg'gsf ljBfyL{ ePsf gftfn]
sfg"gL If]qklg bogLo ePsf] atfP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn cfon lgudsf
pk sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs gfu]Gb| zfxn]
ljleGg ;d:ofsf sf/0fn] ubf{ d"No
a9fpg' k/]sf atfpFb} o;df ;/sf/n]
;f] R g' k g] { a tfP . pgn] ef/tLo
ahf/df eGbf clxn] klg g]kfndf
k]6f« l] nod kbfy{ ;:tf] ePsf]n] cem}
cGt{ / fli6« o ahf/ cg' z f/ d" N o
;dfof]hg gePsf] / cem} d"No
a9\g;Sg] ;Í]t u/] . pgn] lguddf
hDdf *&@ sd{rf/L 5g\ /fHonfO{
Psaif{df em08} ! va{ /fh:j ltg]{
u/]sf] eGb} cem}klg k]6f« n] df dlxgfsf]
$ ca{ 3f6f nfU5 / ut ;fpg
dlxgfdf dfq @@ ca{ cfon lgudnfO{
3f6f nfu]sf] s'/f atfpFb} d'Vo e"ldsf
;/sf/ / /fHosf] ePsf] atfP .
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf csf{ jQmf
pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f d~rsf ;lrj >Lw/
vgfnn] gful/ssf] xs / clwsf/sf]
j]jf:yf u/]sf]df cfon lgud /
;/sf/sf] cfnf]rgf u/] . pgn]
Eof6ljndf 7uL 5, x/]s uf}8f
uf}8fdf 7uL 5 / klg k]6«f]lnod
kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4df ;/sf/sf] s'g}
rf;f] gePsf]df u'gf;f] u/] .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o tyf ;+o'Qm ha; s]Gb|Lo
;+of]hg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ldngsf]
cWoIftfdf ePsf] pQm cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng jGw' rGbn]
u/]sL lyOg\ .
Pd;L;L=====
ljkIfdf plqFb}gy] .Ú o:t} cd]l/sfn]
cfˆgf] :jfy{k"lt{sf nflu Pd;L;L
kl/of]hgf g]kfnnfO{ le/fPsf] g]tf
s];Lsf] cf/f]k lyof] . k"j{k|wfgdGqL
tyf g]skf Pdfn]sf cWoIf s]kL zdf{
cf]nLn] cfˆgf] sfo{sfndf leqleq}
Pd;L;L kf; u/fpg vf]hs ] f] klg
pgsf] cf/f]k 5 . cWoIf s];Ln]
ljb]zL zlQmx¿n] kf6L{sf k|d'v
JolQmx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] :jfy{l;l4sf nflu
lsGg] u/]sf] klg atfPsf lyP .
cWoIf s];Ln] eg], …u7aGwg Pd;L;L
kfl/t ug{ , b] z sf] /fli6« o tf,
;fj{ef}ldstf / cv08tfsf] laqmL
ug{ , clg ;Qfdf /hfOF ug{
e|i6frf/Lx¿;Fu ldt nufPsf] xf]Og .
of] k|ltudgnfO{ k/flht ug{sf] nflu
dfq} xf] . clxn] w]/}n] dnfO{ ;f]Wg]
k|Zg s] xf] eg], Pd;L;Lsf sf/0f
u7aGwg hfG5 ls s] xf] < u7aGwg
9N5 ls s] xf] < lk/nf] t u7aGwgsf]
kf] 5 t n Û u7aGwgdf ToxfF ePsf
sltkon] t g]kfnL sf+u; ]| afx]s c?n]
sd;]sd ;+zf]wg x'gk' 5{, Pd;L;L
h:tfsf] To:t} :jLsf/ x'Fb}g eg]sf
5g\, Tof] klg Pp6f /fd|} kIf xf] .Ú
o:t} /fli6«o hgdf]rf{n] s'g} klg
xfntdf Pd;L;L kf; ug{ gx'g] wf/0ff
/fv]sf] g]tf s];Ln] atfPsf 5g\ .
>Ln+sfsf] k|;u+ k|:t't ug}{ g]kfnn]
klg Pd;L;L cg'df]bg ug{ gx'g]
s] ; Lsf] egfO{ l yof] . >Ln+ s fdf
rflxPsf] lyPg cd]l/sfsf] 8n/ <
d]8fjf:s/, tflGhlgof, sf]iff]af]n] lsg
:jLsf/ u/]g < oxfF Pd;L;Lsf
kIfw/x¿ d+uf]lnofn] kf; u/]sf] 5
eG5g\ . g]kfnL hgtf s] e]8f x'g\ <
a]js'km x'g\ < Tof] k};f cfP/ oxfF
ljsf; x'g] eP, ljB'tsf] ljsf; x'g,]
af6f]sf] ljsf; x'g] eP, g]kfnL hgtfn]
o:tf] h'n; ' ug{k' Yof{] < xf]Og lg Û
b] v fpg] v;L, Vjfpg] km;L{ xf]
cd] l /sfsf] . oxfF Pd;L;Lsf]
dfWodaf6 cd]l/sfn] g]kfnnfO{ cfˆgf]
/0fgLlts of]hgfleq /fVg rfxG5,Ú
s];Ln] eg]sf 5g\ . Pd;L;L cg'df]bg
ePdf cd]l/sfsf] sfg'g / kl5 aGg]
sfg'g;d]t g]kfnL hgtfn] dfGg'kg]{
afWotf x'g] g]tf s];Lsf] ts{ 5 .
pgn] eg]sf 5g\, …dnfO{ t yfxf eof]
lg . tLgk6s ;bgdf uP/ x]/+] lg
d}n] . ( dlxgf ;/sf/df a;]/ klg
x]/]+ . ljb]zLn] oxfFsf /fhgLlts
kf6L{nfO{ ;a}nfO{ xf]Og, vf;vf;
dfG5]nfO{ lslg/x]sf] 5, kfln/x]sf]
5 . k|zf;gdf a:g] sltko k|zf;g
k| d ' v , b] z a] r ' j fx¿nfO{ klg
lslg/x] s f] x' G 5 . sltko
a'l4hLljx¿nfO{ klg lsg]sf] x'G5 .Ú
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;lxt ^
/fhgLlts kf6L{ / @ df] r f{ n ]
sf7df8f}Fdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] lj/f]w
k| b z{ g dfOlt3/af6 ;' ? eP/
;+;b\ejg cufl8 gofF afg]Zj/df
k'u]/ lj/f]w ;efdf kl/0ft ePsf]
lyof] ] . lj/f] w ;efdf b] z eQm
u0ftflGqs df]rf{sf ;lrj k/L yfkf,
g]skf -d;fn_ sf g]tf ;dL/ l;+x,
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf cWoIf Clif
s§]n, g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
sf kf]ln6 Ao'/f] ;b:o lbg]z zdf{,
g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| ;dfhjfbLsf
cWoIf s0f{ a'9fyf]sL nufotn]
;Daf]wg ub}{ ;Qfwf/L bnx¿nfO{
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf cg'df]bg
gug{rt] fjgL lbPsf lyP .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]lGb|o
;b:o /fdnfn ljsn] ;~rfng u/]sf]
pQm lj/f]w;efsfjQmfx?n] Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf /fi6«3ftL /x]sf]n] ;+;baf6
h;/L eP klg kf; ug{ gx'g] /
cd]l/sfnfO{ g} lkmtf{ k7fOlbg'kg]{
wf/0ff /fVb}cfufdL lbgdf Pd;L;Lsf]
lj?4df cem ;zQm ?kdf ;+3if{ p7fg
ug]{ pb\3f]if ;d]t u/]sf lyP .
j8fWoIf=====
;+u7gs~rgk'/sf cWoIf ljsNkn]
hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKt o;k|sf/ /x]sf]
5– æxfd|f] dxfg tyf uf}/jzfnL
;+u7g o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn :yfkgf
sfnb]lv g} x/]s vfn] ;dflhs
lj;+ult/ e|i6frf/sf lj?4 lg/Gt/
;+3if{ ub}{ s'/f cfd hg;d'bfox?df
cjut g} 5 . o;} l;nl;nfdf
a]N8fl8 ufpFkflnsf j8f g= @ sf
cWoIf k|d] vfltnfO{ sfnf] df];f] nufO{
hgsf/afxL u/]sf] 5 .
k|]d vftLnfO{ hgsf/jfxL lsg <
!= j8f sfo{ n o ejgsf] ef8f
Ps7fpF lbg] clg sfof{no eg]
ufpFkflnsf leq /x]sfn] .
@= ;Demf}tf a9hb]bdLo o / ;fgf
ls;fg n3'ljlQonfO{ hldg;lxt
!% nfv lbg] u/]sf] .
#= dgf] d fgL tl/sfn] sd{ r f/L
u/]sfn]
$= dgf]dfgL tl/sfn] u|fO{ljnkmfn]sf]
x'gfn]
%= pkef]Qmf ;ldlt klg dgf]dfgL
tl/sfn] cfˆgf] cg'sn
u/]sfn]
^= ufpF k flnsfsf]
' tfdf sfd
k5fl8
Psndlxnfsf nflu @* nfvdf
agfPsf]$sf]7] ejgdf ;d]t
clgoldttf u/]sf] x'gfn]
&= a;kfs{sf nflu egL NofPsf]
lu§L afn'jf @& l6Kk/ a]rs ] fn]
*= j8f sfo{nodf pkl:yt geO{
;]jf u|flxx?nfO{ cg]s afxgfdf
b'Mv lbPsfn]
(= sflnlsr pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]
sfo{no b]lv SofDk;Ddsf] ;8s
lgdf{ 0 fdf klg cfly{ s
clgldottf ePsfn]/ .Ú
qmflGtnfO{=====
;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nIoaf6 6;sf]d;
ePg . p;n] ;+;b\jfbLsf] /fi6«3ftL /
hg3ftL sfo{ hgtfdfem k'¥ofOlbof] . pQm
kf6L{sf] /fi6« / hgtfk|ltsf] ;dk{0f b]v/]
cfdhgtfsf] ;fy / ;xfg'el" t kfpg] qmd
XjfQ} a9\of] . pQm kf6L{s] nf]slk|otf a9\b}
uPkl5 cfˆgf] cl:tTj /Iffsf] lglDt
;/sf/ jftf{ ug{ ljjz eof] / pQm kf6L{;uF
tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt ug{ afWo eof] . t/,
;/sf/n] clxn];Dd tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5}g eg] g]skfn] ;f] tLg
a'bF ] ;xdlt cIf/zM kfngf u/L cfˆgf]
nIo k|flKtsf] nflu zflGtk"0f{ 9Ën]
cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf] 5 . g]skf / To;
kf6L{sf g]tfsf] oxL ;'ema'emsf sf/0f
;d|fHojfbL, bnfn / ;+;b\jfbL bnx?
ctflng k'u]sf 5g\ . To;}n] pgLx?
g]skfnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ cg]sf}F xTs07f
ckgfO/x]sf 5g\ . h;sf] kl5Nnf]
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
] , b]jLgu/, kmf]gM %!&@^%%
s8Lsf] ?kdf ul/Psf] b'ik|rf/nfO{ lng
;lsG5 .
kl5Nnf] ;do g]skfsf dxf;lra
laKnj / k|jQmf k|sf08 nufot zLif{:y
g]tfx?aLr cGt/åGå rls{Psf] / g]tfx?
nfvfkfvf nfUg yfn]sf] eGb} h'g b'ik|rf/
ul/Psf] 5, Tof] qmflGtnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg
vf] H g] ;fd| f HojfbL, bnfn /
;+;b\jfbLx?sf] lbjf:jKgf dfq ePsf]
g]skfsf Ps g]tfn] atfP . pgsf
cg';f/ kf6L{leq g]tfsf] gfd ehfP/
cfˆgf] b'gf] ;f]‰ofpg kNs]sf s]xL
cj;/jfbLnfO{ kf6L{n] sf/jfxL u/]kl5
3/ g 3f6sf ePsf lt cj;/jfbL
clxn] kf6L{ / g]tflj?4 ljif jdg ub}{
lxF l 8/x] s f 5g\ . of] pgLx?sf]
ax'n¶Lkgaf6 sf]xL klg cflQg' kb}{g .
hxfF;Dd k|jQmf k|sf08sf] ljifo 5 .
kf6L{sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ pxfFs} g]tT[ jdf jftf{
6f]nL agL ;/sf/;Fu ltg a'Fb] ;xdlt
eof] / kf6L{ k'gM ultzLn eP/ cfˆgf]
nIodf cufl8 a9\of], of] kf6L{lj?4
;'/fsL ug]{, kf6L{dfly k|ltaGw nflbPsf]
;dodf u[x k|zf;g;Fu ;fF7ufF7 u/L h]n
/ k|x/L lx/f;taf6 d'Qm ePsf, h]naf6
5'6\g ;+;b\jfbL;Fu cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf /
qmflGtaf6 efUg] efuf}8fx?nfO{ dg kg]{
ljifo lyPg . To;}n] pgLx?n] k|jQmf
k|sf08dfly Pp6f ;~hfn g} agfP/ e|d
5g]{ sf]l;; ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . kf6L{sf]
gLltcg';f/ ;/sf/;Fu aftf{ ug{ vl6Psf
k|jQmf k|sf08sf] kxnsbdL, laa]s /
rft'o{tfsf sf/0f g]skf / ;/sf/aLr
tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt eof] / ;/sf/ g]skfdfly
nufPsf]] k|ltaGw x6fpg afWo eof] eg]
kf6L{ s} gLlt adf]lhd k|ltaGwkZrft\
k|jQmf k|sf08s} kxndf ;+oQ' m /0fg}lts
df]rf{ aGof] / clxn] g]kfnsf qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lg:6x?aLr w|'jLs/0f x'g] qmd
rn]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, kf6L{s} gLlt /
lgb]{zgdf k|jQmf k|sf08s} ;+of]hg /
kxndf Pd;L;Lj?4 df]rf{ ag]sf] 5 .
b]ze/ Pd;L;L vf/]hLsf] nflu ;+3if{
rls{ P sf] 5 . k| j Qmf k| s f08
Pd;L;Lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL
eP/ 3fOt];d]t eP . o;/L b]z /
hgtfsf] nflu cxf]/fq v6\g] g]tfdfly
cfˆgf] s'lT;t dg;fo k"/f gx'g] ePkl5
cflQPsf ;fd| f HojfbL bnfn /
;+;b\jfbL;Fu 3fF6L hf]8]/ qmflGtsf] unf
/]6\g] em'08 ?i6 x'g' s'g} gf}nf] ljifo ePg
eGb} tL g]tfn] eg] –…k|jQmf k|sf08sf
ljifodf h'g e|d km}nfOPsf] 5, Tof] e|d
km}nfpg] tTjx?sf] xfdL ;"Id 9Ën]
cg';Gwfg ub}{5f}F . ;a}eGbf klxn]
k|sf08 Pdfn]df k|j]z ug]{ eg]/ /f]zg
v8\sfn] l6\j6 u/]sf] b]lvG5, To;kl5
kfyLe/fnufot cgnfOgn] ;dfrf/
k|sfzg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . oL ljifodf xfd|f]
cg' ; Gwfg hf/L 5 . b] z sf
sf]le8 ;+qmd0f eO{ 3/d} a:bf Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx?
Ø kof{Kt xfjf cf]xf]/bf]xf]/ ug]{ cnUu} sf]7fsf] k|of]u u/f}+ .
Ø c? JolQm;Fu e]63f6 gu/f}, e]63f6 ug}{ k/]df slDtdf @ ld6/sf] b"/L /fvf} /
df:ssf] clgjfo{ k|of]u u/f}+ .
Ø 3/sf cGo ;b:ox?n] ;Dej eP;Dd cnUu} zf}rfno tyf afy?dsf] k|of]u u/f}+ .
Ø Sjf/]G6fO{gdf a;]sf] JolQmn] k|of]u u/]sf] df:s tyf kGhf hyfefjL gkmfnf} /
;'/lIft :yfgdf gi6 u/f}+ .
Ø cnu ef8fs'8F f k|of]u u/f}+ .
Ø ;do ;dodf ;fa'g kfgLn] slDtdf @) ;]s0] 8 ldlrldlr xft w'g] cyjf
;]g6] fO{h/ k|of]u u/f}+ .
Ø k|of]u ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx? ;fa'g kfgLn] wf]O{ ;Dej eP;Dd 3fddf ;'sfcf}+ .
Ø vf]Sbf jf xflR5pF ubf{ d'v / gfs ?dfn jf s'lxgfn] 5f]kf}+ .
Ø Hj/f], vf]sL, :jf;k|:jf;df ;d:of, 3fF6L b'Vg]h:tf ;d:of b]vf k/]df glhssf]
:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ u/f}+ .
lj1fkg af]8{
@)&* ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] cfOtaf/
‘cfunfuL kLl8tnfO{ plrt /fxt / Ifltk"lt{ b]p’
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ bfªn] t'n;Lk'/df eLif0f cfunfuLaf6 ePsf]
dfgjLo / ef}lts Ifltk|lt b'Mv JoQm ub}{ kLl8tnfO{ plrt /fxt / Ifltk"lt{ lbg
dfu u/]sf] 5 . g]skf bfªsf ;]qm]6/L k|lbkn] jQmJo hf/L ub}{ ;f] dfu u/]sf x'g\ .
;]qm]6/L k|lbkåf/f x:tfIfl/t lj1lKtdf z'qmaf/ /flt sl/j @ ah]b]lv
laxfg;Dd cfunfuL x'Fbf ePsf] dfgjLo Ifltk|lt kf6L{ b'lvt Pjd\ uDeL/
Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;fy} cfunfuLaf6 d[To'j/0f ug{'ePsf
d[tsx?k|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL JoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
zf]s jQmJodf elgPsf] 5, æcfunfuL /fltb]lv ;'? eP/ csf]{ lbg
laxfg;Dd klg lgoGq0fdf Nofpg g;Sg', bdsnnufot cfunfuL lgoGq0fsf
;|ft] ;fwgx?sf] pknAwtf gx'g' / dfgjLo / ef}lts Iflt;Dd Joxf]gk'{ g]{ pQm
36gf of] bnfn /fHoJoj:yfsf] pkh ePsf] :ki6 kfg{ rfxG5f}F . ;fy} /fHo
lgsfoaf6 kLl8tnfO{ plrt /fxt / Ifltk"lt{ lbg dfu klg ub{5f}+ .Æ
g]skf l;Gw'nLåf/f lgisflztsf] ckmjfxaf6 e|ldt gx'g cfu|x
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ l;Gw'nLn] klxn] g} lhDd]jf/Laf6 lgisfzg
ul/Psf] JolQmsf] ljifodf e|ldt gx'g ;Dk"0f{ g]tf, sfo{stf{, z'elrGts,
;dy{sx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L uf]kfn Anf]g / ljz]if sld6L ;b:o
zlz /fO{n] Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;+of]hs
xf]d a:ofn cfly{s clgoldt, ;f+:s[lts ljrng / t:s/L h:tf cj}wflgs
wGbfdf ;+nUg /x]sf] eGb} kf6L{sf] !# cf}F k"0f{ a}7sn] pgnfO{ ;+of]hsaf6
lgisfzg u/]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . xfn pgL g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
df k|jz ] u/]sf] x'bF f kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{, z'elrGts, ;dy{sx?nfO{ sf/afxL
u/]sf] JolQmsf] ljifodf e|ldt gx'g lj1lKtdf cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 .
cfdqmflGtsf/L / kf6L{sf sfo{stf{n] ;dfhjfbsf] sfo{qmd / hgdt ;+ux| sf]
;d]t o; b'ik|rf/ ug]{dfly cg';Gwfg gLlt g]kfnL hgtfdf nf]slk|o x'bF } uPsf]
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