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;DaGwdf dlGbkl/ifb\sf] a}7saf6 k| s [ o fdf ;xefuL ;a} n fO{ kf6L{ /f]Sg g;Sg] pb\3f]if u/] . pgn] eg]– …a? kf6L{n] lnPsf] nfOgnfO{ eQmk'/ lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;fljqf b'/f -cfzf_,
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lglZrt 5 . ;/sf/sf] pQm lg0f{o
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cf]nL ;/sf/n] g]kfn sDo'lgi6
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h'g b]z / hgtfsf] nflu Hofb} v'zLsf] ljifo xf] . ;/sf/sf] nufPsf d'4f vf/]hug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]
klg em08} tLgaif{ k'Ugnfu]sf] 5 .
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laut c9fO{ aif{bl] v lg/Gt/ 5nkmn
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b]zsf] /fhg}lts ;d:ofx? jftf{ tyf ;+jfbaf6 ;dfwfg ug{, s]xL l/xf x'g afFsL /x]sf 5g\ . xfnsf]
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zflGtk"0f{?kdf ;+rfng ug{ / g]kfn ;/sf/, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 ;fy cuf8L a9fpg] / d'4f vf/]hLsf
;DaGwdf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7saf6
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oyfzL3| km5of]6{ ug{] tyf sfg"g;Fu
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pQm ;xdlt sfof{Gjog x'g glbg b]zL– lab]zL bnfn tTjx? Joj:yf jf sfg"g ;+zf]wgu/L d'4f
vf/]hug]{ eg]sf sf/0f pQm lg0f{osf]
sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf lyP . To;}qmddf ut ;fpg !^ ut] nlntk'/ sfof{Gjog cfufdL lgjf{rgsf nflu
lhNnf cbfntn] g] s kfsf dxf;lrj ljKnj, pDd]bjf/L lbg'cl3g} x'g;Sg] ;+efjgf
k|sf08nufotsf g]tflj?4 kqmfp k'h F L{ hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . t/, klg /x]sf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifb\n] u/]sf]
pQm lg0f{ o n] tLga' F b ] ;xdlt
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] oL / o:tf ;a} ca/f]wx? l5rf]Nb} sfof{GjognfO{ yk an k|bfg u/]sf]
lg/Gt/ jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt k"0f{ ?kdf sfof{Gjog b]lvG5 . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ / s]kL
cf]nL g]tT[ jsf] tTsfnLg ;/sf/ aLr
u/fpg nflu k/]sf] lyof] . To;}sf] kmn:j¿k clxn] ;/sf/ @)&& kmfu'g @! ut] tLga'bF ] ;xdlt
tLg a'bF ] ;xdltadf]lhd g]skfsf g]tf – sfo{stf{dfly nufOPsf] ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 ;/sf/df
/x]sf] tTsfnLg g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
d'2f vf/]h ug{ afWo ePsf] k|i6 x'G5 . g]skfsf] b]z / -g]skf_ df kmfu'g @# ut]sf] ;af{R] r
hgtfk|ltsf] of] w}ot{ f, ;'ema'emk"0f{ sfo{ k|z;+ gLo 5 . cfufdL cbfntsf] Ps km};nfnfO{ lnP/
ljefhg ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 s]kL
lbgdf klg g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ b]z / hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL x'Fb} cf]nL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ sl/j kfFr
zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf nflu kf6L{n] cfˆgf] dlxgfdfq ;Qfdf /Xof] . To;kl5
)&* c;f/sf] clGtdaf6 of] ;/sf/
dfu{ cFufNg] 5 eGg]df cfd:jledfgL hgtf ljZj:t 5g\\ . cfPsf] xf] . of] ;/sf/ ;Qfdf
hgtfsf] of] ljZjf; / e/f]iffnfO{ cËLsf/ ub}{ cl3 a9] g]kfn cfPkl5 klg g]skfsf g]tfx¿n] k6s,
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] nIonfO{ ;+;b\jfbL bn, g]tfnufot s'g} k6s k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf /
u[xdGqL afns[i0f vfF0f;Fu jftf{
zlQmn] /f]Sg ;Sg] 5}gg\, r]tgf eof . ug' { e Psf] lyof] . ut ;fpgdf
cs:dft g]skfsf g]tfx¿sf gfddf
6«8] o'lgog ;fwf/0f zfvfsf] bf];f| ] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg kqmfp k"hL{ hf/L ul/Pkl5 of] a9L
k]lrnf] ag]sf] lyof] . z'?b]lvg}
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6 bfjL u/]sf lyP . k|wfgdGqL b]pjf / u[xdGqL vfF0f
kf6L{lgs6 6«]8 o'lgog ;fwf/0f pQm sfo{qmddf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 g] s kf;F u sf] tLga' F b ] ;xdlt
zfvfsf] bf]>f] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf hj;sf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xdt ePklg ;f]
5 . pQm ;Dd]ngn] Zofdsf] g]tT[ jdf k|mØfSzg OGrfh{ ldngn] juL{o ;xdlt sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] lyPg .
To;}n] ;f] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog gx'gs ' f
k5fl8 cGo s'g} /fhgLlts zlQmn]
v]ln/x]sf] cf+sng klg ul/Psf]
lyof] . at{dfg ;/sf/dfly cGo
/fhgLlts ;d"xx¿n] klg ljleGg
;dodf kqmfp k/]/ y'gfdf /x]sf cf–
cfˆgf kf6L{ s f g] t f tyf
sfo{stf{x¿sf] l/xfO / sltko g]tf
tyf sfo{stf{x¿dfly nufOPsf
em'67\ f d'4f lkmtf{nufotsf ljifodf
bafj a9fpFb} nu]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] .
x'g t xfn ;Qf / zlQmdf /x]sf
sltko g] t fx¿ dfly;d] t
#! ;b:oLo sldl6 lgjf{lrt u/]sf] cfGbf]ngdf dhb'/x?sf] dxTjk"0f{ ;doqmddf nfu]sf d'4fx¿ lkmtf{ x'g
5 . pb\ 3 f6g sfo{ q md g] k fn of]ubfg / e"ldsf /xg] ePsf]n] cjjf To;sf] sf/jfxL lsgf/f nfUg
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o >dhLljx? ;zQm, ;+ul7t eP/ afFsLg} /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . laut nfdf]
clgn zdf{sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf nfUg lgb]{zg lbFb} g]kfndf z'?jft /fhgLlts ;+3if{af6 ;Qfdf cfPsf]
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf ul/Psf] PsLs[t hgqmflGtn] ljZj g]kfnL sf+u|];s} sltko g]tf tyf
k|d'v clylt clgnn] dhb'/x? ;j{xf/f >dhLlj ju{sf] cfzfsf] sfo{stf{x¿dfly P]gdf}sfdf o:tf
cfˆgf clwsf/ k| l Ktsf nflu jf6f] aGg] ljZjf; JoQm u/]sf lyP . d' 4 fx¿ nfu] s f lyP . h;nfO{
Pstfj4 x'gk' g]d
{ f hf]8 lbP . pgn] sfo{qmddf /Tg du/, b]a, nlnt, /fhgLlts cfwf/df ljleGg
hj;Dd dhb'/ Ps6f x'g ;lsb}g ljb' i fL, /fhs' d f/Lnufotsf] ;xdltdfkm{t\ ;N6fpg] sfd ePsf]
tj;Dd x]lkg' kg]{ / bdgdf j:g'kg]{ cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . Zofdsf] lyof] . To;}n] g]skfn] /fv]sf dfu /
ePsf]n] PsLs[t hgqmflGtdf uf]na4 cWoIftf, l8NnLsf] :jfut dgtJo tTsfnLg cf]nL ;/sf/;Fu ePsf]
x'g' kg]{ jtfpb} bnfn k'h F Ljfbsf] / cg'ksf] ;~rfngdf sfo{qmd tLga'Fb] ;xdltsf] sfof{Gjog vf;}
cGt gu/L dhb'/x?n] d'Qm x'g' g;Sg] ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . cK7] / f] laifo xf] O g . ;/sf/df
/x]sfx¿df OR5f zlQm x'g] xf]eg] ;f] lkmtf{ ln+b}ubf{ klg x'G5 . jt{dfg ;'gj' fO gu/] klg To;sf] k|efj cs}{
;xdltsf] sfof{Gjog cfhsf] ef]nLg}
klg x'g;S5 . at{dfg ;/sf/n] ut
;/sf/n] u/]sf] pk/f]Qm lg0f{on]
cfufdL lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{?kdf
9+un] k/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . To;}n]
;8sb]lv ;bg;Ddg} b]z / hgtfsf
ebf} @& ut] u/]sf] lg0f{osf cg]s ;DkGgug{sf nflu 7"nf] d4t k'Ug] cfjfhx¿ 3Gsfpgsf nflu cfufdL
cfofdx¿ /x] s f 5g\ . k| y dt b]lvPsf] 5 . g]skfn] ut :yfgLo lgjf{rgnfO{ cf+lzs?kdf ePklg
;/sf/n] pQm lg0f{onfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ lgjf{ r g cl3b] l vg} lgjf{ r gdf k|of]u u/]/ cfkm\gf k|ltlglwnfO{
cfufdL s] x L dlxgf km] / L klg :jtGq?kdf ;xefuL x'g] h'g gLlt k|ltlglw;ef / k|bz] ;efdf k'¥ofpg]
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f
xfnsf] ;+ ; b\ d f klg s] x L kf6L{ s f
k| l tlglwx¿n] b] z hgtfsf] kIfdf lg/Gt/
cfjfh p7fpFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf]
;+Vof sd ePsf sf/0f ;/sf/n] pgLx¿sf
dfu / egfO{sf] ;'g'jfO gu/] klg To;sf]
k|efj cs}{ 9+un] k/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . To;}n]
;8sb] l v ;bg;Ddg} b] z / hgtfsf
cfjfhx¿ 3Gsfpgsf nflu cfufdL
lgjf{rgnfO{ cf+lzs?kdf ePklg k|of]u u/]/
cfkm\ g f k| l tlglwnfO{ k| l tlglw;ef / k| b ] z
;efdf k'¥ofpg] k|of; x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf
ePsf] 5 . lgjf{rg Ps k|sf/sf] sfo{gLlts
;jfn ePsfn] o;nfO{ pkof]u ug]{ / gug]{
ljifodf lg/k]If gLlt ckgfpg' 7Ls x'Fb}g .
lgjf{rgnfO{ ;fk]If 9+un] pkof]u ul/g' kb{5 .
;Qf / zlQmdf k'u]/ cfˆgf] :jfy{ k"lt{ ug]{–u/fpg]x¿n] ;f]xLcg';f/ lgjf{rgnfO{ pkof]u
u/] s f x' G 5g\ e g] b] z / hgtfsf] /fhgLlt ug] { x ¿n] klg ;f] d~rnfO{ cfkm\ g } 9+ u n]
pkof]uug]{ k|of; ug'{kb{5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf sltkon] ;+;bdf k'Ugf;fy cfkm\gf g]tf tyf
sfo{stf{x¿ ;Qf :jfy{df nfUg] h'g rrf{ ug]{u/]sf 5g\, To;df ztk|ltzt ;Totf 5}g .
hf] ;Qfsf nflu lgjf{ r g n8] s f x' G 5g\ pgLx¿dfdfq pk/f] Q m s' / f nfu" x ' G 5 . hf]
hgkIfLo /fhgLltdf nfu]sf x'G5g\ pgLx¿df pk/f]Qm s'/f nfu" x'Fb}g . To;}n] ;Qf /
zlQmdf k' U g] x ¿n] ;s] ; Dd hgkIfLo zlQmnfO{ lsgf/f nufpg] / lgjf{ r gdf ;xefuL
x'gglbg] k|of; ug]{u/]sf x'g\ . ;/sf/n] ebf} @& ut] u/]sf] lg0f{o tTsfn} ;sf/fTds
9+ u n] sfof{ G jog x' g ;s] s f] v08df o;n] g] k fnsf] /fli6« o /fhgLltdf klg ;sf/fTds
b" / ufdL k| e fj / dxTj /fVg] 5 . olb km] / Lklg cfn6fns} gLlt lnOof] e g] To;n]
bnx¿k| l t hgdfg;df gsf/fTds k| e fj klg kg{ ; Sb5 . b] z df nf] s tGqsf] :yfkgf
ePsf] elgPsf] xfnsf] cj:yfdf klg h]ndf /fhgLlts aGbLx¿ x'g' cfkm}df /fd|f] s'/f
xf]Og . To;}n] ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] lg0f{onfO{ lz3| sfof{Gjogdf nu]/ hgdfg;df ;sf/fTds
k|efj kfg]{ k|of; ug'{ h?/L 5 .
v]Ng;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . lsgsL clVtof/ u/]sf] lyof], To;n] g]kfnL k|of; x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf]
cfufdL d+l;/ rf/sf nflu ;+;b\sf] ;dfhdf /fd|f] k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . 5 . lgjf{rg Ps k|sf/sf] sfo{gLlts
lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff eO;s]sf sf/0f To;} q mddf sltko :jtGq ;jfn ePsfn] o;nfO{ pkof]u ug]{
of] ;+;b\ / ;/sf/ sfd rnfp pDd]bjf/x¿n] :yfgLo txdf laho / gug] { ljifodf lg/k] I f gLlt
eO;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . To;}n] km]/L xfFlzn;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . xfn cfP/ ckgfpg' 7Ls x'bF g} . lgjf{rgnfO{
ebf} @& sf] lg0f{onfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ cfufdL ;+ ; b / k| b ] z sf] ;fk]If 9+un] pkof]u ul/g' kb{5 .
;+;b\sf] Dofb nDAofpg] / r'gfjsf] lgjf{rgdf;d]t :jtGq pDd]bjf/L ;Qf / zlQmdf k'u]/ cfˆgf] :jfy{
ldlt k/ ;fg{ ;Sg] ;+efjgf klg lbg] Ps k|sf/sf] xf]8 g} rn]sf] 5 . k"lt{ ug]{–u/fpg]x¿n] ;f]xLcg';f/
/xG5 . ljleGg kf6L{sf g]tf tyf sltkon] t :jtGq pDd]bjf/x¿nfO{ lgjf{rgnfO{ pkof]u u/]sf x'G5g\eg]
sfo{stf{x¿sf] l/xfO eO;s]kl5
pgLx¿sf nflu cfufdL lgjf{rgdf
;+ul7tug]{ k|of; klg u/]sf 5g\ .
;/sf/sf] ut ebf} @& sf] lg0f{on]
b]z / hgtfsf] /fhgLlt ug]{x¿n]
klg ;f] d~rnfO{ cfkm\g} 9+un]
efu lng] cj;/ lbg'klg ;/sf/sf] g]skf nufotsf ljleGg kf6L{x¿nfO{ pkof]uug]{ k|of; ug'{kb{5 . kl5Nnf]
st{Jo x'G5 . Tolta]nf k|ltkIfL :jtGq?kdf cfufdL lgjf{rgdf ;dodf sltkon] ;+;bdf k'Ugf;fy
bnx¿n] lj/f]w u/]/ of] ljifo u+le/ ;xefuL x'g k|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . h;n] cfkm\gf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿ ;Qf
lajfbdf hfg ;Sg] ;+efjgf klg 5 . sltko ;d"xnfO{ gfkmf / sltkonfO{ :jfy{df nfUg] h'g rrf{ ug]u{ /]sf 5g\,
x'g t ut a}zfv #) sf] lgjf{rg 3f6f xf]nf t/ /fhgLltdf gfkmf To;df ztk|ltzt ;Totf 5}g .
cl3 klg ;/sf/n] g]skfnfO{ ;f] 3f6fsf]dfq lx;fj x'Fb}g . cfufdL hf] ;Qfsf nflu lgjf{rg n8]sf x'G5g\
lgjf{rgdf efu lng lbg] axfgfdf k| l tlglw;ef / k| b ] z ;efsf] pgLx¿dfdfq pk/f] Q m s ' / f
lgjf{rg ;fg]{ k|of; u/]sf] lyof] . t/ lgjf{rgdfkm{t g]skfsf k|ltlglwx¿ nfu"x'G5 . hf] hgkIfLo /fhgLltdf
g]skfn] bn btf{sf nflu vf;} rf;f] klg ;+;bdf pkl:yt ePsf] v08df nfu]sf x'G5g\ pgLx¿df pk/f]Qm
gb]vfPkl5 / g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n] lgjf{rg b]z / hgtfsf kIfdf b/f] 9+un] s'/f nfu" x'Fb}g . To;}n] ;Qf /
;fg{ grfx]kl5 tf]lsPs} ldltdf cfjfh p7\g] b]lvPsf] 5 . xfn zlQmdf k' U g] x ¿n] ;s] ; Dd
lgjf{rg ePsf] lyof] . xfn;Dd klg b]zdf ljBdfg u0ftGq k"FhLjfb / hgkIfLo zlQmnfO{ lsgf/f nufpg]
kfFrbnLo u7aGwgdf /x]sf s]xL gSsnL xf] . o;n] b]z / hgtfsf / lgjf{ r gdf ;xefuL x' g glbg]
bnx¿ lgjf{rg k/;fg]{ / jt{dfg s'g}klg ;d:ofsf] ;xh} ;dfwfg k|of; ug]{u/]sf x'g\ . ;/sf/n] ebf}
;/sf/nfO{ cfufdL r}t;Dd ;fg]{ ug{;Sg] b]lvFb}g . To;}n] jt{dfg @& ut] u/] s f] lg0f{ o tTsfn}
k|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts Joj:yfd} cfd"n kl/jt{g ;sf/fTds 9+ u n] sfof{ G jog
u/]sf] ebf} @& sf] lg0f{o lt bnx¿sf ug'{kg]{ 68\sf/f] cfjZostf klg x'g;s]sf] v08df o;n] g]kfnsf]
nflu ;Qf nDAofpg] xltof/ aGg;Sg] b]lvPsf] 5 . /fli6«o /fhgLltdf klg ;sf/fTds
cj:yf klg /xG5 . h;n] ubf{ d'Vo tTsfnLg cj:yfdf vf;u/L b"/ufdL k|efj / dxTj /fVg] 5 .
t k|wfgdGqL b]pjf / u[xdGqL vfF0fn] )$* ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf ljleGg olb km] / Lklg cfn6fns} gLlt
o;k|lt laz]if rf;f] /fv]/ ;lqmotf kf6L{n] s]xL hgkIfLo pDd]bjf/x¿ lnOof] e g] To;n] bnx¿k| l t
b]vfpg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] v8fubf{ w]/} k|efjsf/L sfd ePsf] hgdfg;df gsf/fTds k|efj klg
rfx]sf] v08df ljleGg d'2fx¿sf] kl5 lyof] . vf;df To;}n] )$& ;fnsf] kg{ ; Sb5 . b] z df nf] s tGqsf]
l5gf]kmfgf] ug]u{ /L xfnsf nflu y'gfdf cfGbf]ngsf nflu ;sf/fTds e"ldsf :yfkgf ePsf] elgPsf] xfnsf]
/x]sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ v]ns ] g} .
] f] lyof] eg]klg cTo'lQm x'g5 cj:yfdf klg h]ndf /fhgLlts
l/xfug{ klg ;Sb5 . cfufdL xfnsf] ;+;b\df klg s]xL kf6L{sf aGbLx¿ x'g' cfkm}df /fd|f] s'/f
lgjf{rgnufotsf ljleGg /fhgLlts k|ltlglwx¿n] b]z hgtfsf] kIfdf xf] O g . To;} n ] ;/sf/n] cfˆgf]
;Gbe{sf] rfkn]ubf{ y'gfdf /x]sf g]tf lg/Gt/ cfjfh p7fpFb} cfpg' ePsf] lg0f{onfO{ lz3| sfof{Gjogdf nu]/
tyf sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ tTsfn l/xf 5 . pgLx¿sf] ;+Vof sd ePsf sf/0f hgdfg;df ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{
u/]/ pgLx¿dfly nufOPsf] d'4f ;/sf/n] pgLx¿sf dfu / egfO{sf] k|of; ug'{ h?/L 5 .
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t j}rfl/s lx;fan] g} k'li6 ub{5 . tL
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ul/g]5 .
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:ki6 kfb}{ elgPsf] 5, …;'bz{gn] lbPsf]
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pleg], sfo{stf{ / hgtfnfO{ e|ldt /
lg/f; kfg]{ ;fy} b'ZdgnfO{ xltof/ ydfO
lbg] cGt/3ftL sfo{x¿ u/] .Æ !@cf}+
a} 7 s / !#cf} + a} 7 ssf] aLrdf
;lrjfnosf] a}7s a;]/ kf6L{nfO{
k4tLut ¿kn] ;~rfng ug]{ ty kf6L{
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a}7saf6 aflx/ lg:s]/ nuftf/ k'm6jfbL
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ckgfpFbf klg Pstf sfod ug{ ;Dej
ePg . lsgsL pgLx¿ kf6L{ ljefhg
ug]{ lg0f{odf k'lu;s]sf lyP . kfl/t
k|:tfj ;f] ;DaGwdf eG5, …t/ ;'bz{g
/ sGrgdf To;sf] Ps/lQ ulDe/tf /
;da]bgf b]vfk/]g . pgLx¿n] lgisif{af6
ljZn]if0f ug]{ ljlw k|of]u u/] cyf{t\
kf6L{af6 h;/L klg cnu x'g] lgisif{
lgsfn]/ ts{x¿ vf]Hg] km'6jfbL tl/sfnfO{
nfu" u/] . To;sf nflu e|d 5g]{ / qmflGt,
kf6L{ / g]qT[ jdfly cfqmd0f ug]{ tl/sf
k|of]u u/] . ha lgot g} k'm6fpg]
eO;s]kl5 ToxfF ljrf/, l;4fGt, gLlt,
;+odtfsf] s'g} dxTj /xFbg} Yof] .Æ kf6L{df
Ps dlxgf klg ax; gu/L, km/s dt
btf{ gu/L, sfo{gLltsf] ljifodf ;~rf/df
s'07f adg u/]/ k'm6;Dd k'Ub}
c/fhgLlts 36gf ljZjdf la/n}
kfOG5 . pgLx¿n] !@cf}+ a}7sdf g}
dxf;lrjsf] k|z;+ f u/]sf lyP . kf6L{
:yflkt ePsf] JofVof ub}{ lyP .
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k|:tfj eG5, …/fhg}lts ¿kn] Tof] xb
bhf{sf] ca;/jfb xf] . o;/L x]bf{
sfo{gLltsf ljifodf ;‹if{ b]lvPh:tf]
eP klg of] dfn]dfjfbnfO{ a'‰g], ljZj
qmflGt / g]kfnL qmflGtsf] ljz]iftfnfO{
a'‰g]df /x]sf] b[li6sf]0f / k|jl[ Qs} n8fO{+
xf] .Æ === ====…r'gfj s]jn lgldQ sf/0f
jf b]vfj6L sf/0f dfq xf] . cyf{t\ tL
;To s'/f xf]Ogg\ . lelq sf/0f eg]sf]
;'bz{g–s~rgdf ju{–;‹if{, qmflGt
sfo{lbzf / o;sf] /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltnfO{
a'‰g] / k|of]u ug]{ ljifodf /x]sf] vf]6
;fy} To;af6 k}bf ePsf] cfly{s Pj+
;Ë7gfTds ljrng xf] . r'gfjL
sfo{gLlts} s'/f ubf{ ;'bz{gn] ut jif{sf]
lrtjgdf ePsf] k|lzIf0fkl5 r'gfjnfO{
pkof]u ug{ klg ;lsG5, ;a} ljsNksf]
nflu tof/ x'g; ' \ eg]/ sfo{stf{nfO{
k|lzIf0f u/]sf] k|i6} 5 . s~rgn] t
:yfgLo r'gfjeGbf klg k/sf] cy{ /fVg]
/fi6«klt k|0ffnLnfO{ k|:tfj agfpg'k5{
eGb} lx8]sf] tfh} 5 .Æ To;f] eP 5'rG' b|fsf
tfFtLx¿sf] jf:tljstf s] xf] t < s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] !# cf}+ a}7ssf] k|:tfjdf
elgPsf] 5, …olt ljifo k|i6 x'bF fx'bF } klg
xfd|f] sfo{gLltnfO{ ;+;bjfb;Fu hf]8g\ '
eg]sf] cfˆgf] ljrng / ljifofGt/0f ug]{
cj;/jfbL v]n dfq xf] .Æ lgjf{rgsf]
ljifodf cf–cfˆgf] wf/0ff x'G5g\ g} . t/,
g]qT[ j, kf6L{ Pstf / u'6 lgdf{0f u/]/
hfg] k"m6jfb cs}{ ljifo xf] . sfo{stf{
ax;, Pstf / ¿kfGt/0f rfxg], g]tfx¿
cyf{t\ ;'bz{g / s~rg k'm6fpg rfxg]
cj:yf eof] . km'6jfb / b'Zdgsf
Ph]06nfO{ ldq b]Vg] k|jl[ Q b[li6–e|d lyof] .
k|:tfjdf k"m6jfbL tTjx¿sf] ;DaGwdf
elgPsf] 5, …lj8Dagf lrtjg
k|lzIf0fkl5 sfo{stf{n] ;+odtfsf] ;fy
sfdx¿ cufl8 a9fpg vf]Hg] t/
;lrjfnodf a;]sf g]tfn] kf6L{ lg0f{o /
g]qT[ jsf lj?4 aflx/sf ;~rf/dfWoddf
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5f]8/] cnu x'gk' 5{ eGb} lxF8g\ ' eg]sf]
tNnf]:t/sf] cj;/jfb xf] . sfo{stf{n]
kf6L{ k'm6fpg' x'bF g} , ax; ug{k' 5{ eGg]
t/ g]tfx¿n] cfh} lx8\gk' 5{, ef]ln g}
lx8\gk' 5{ eGb} b'ik|rf/ ug{' eg]sf] xb
bhf{sf] c/fhstfjfb, u'6jfb / k'm6jfb
xf] .Æ kfl/t k|:tfjdf ;fGble{s dfcf]sf]
dxfjf0fL pb[t ul/Psf] 5 . dfcf]
eGg'xG' 5, …dfG5]x¿nfO{ k'hF LjfbL klg x'g
lbg';\ . pgLx¿nfO{ xfdLdfly ax'n¶L
kf/fn] cfqmd0f ug{, ;8sdf k|bz{g ug{,
xfdLdfly xft p7fpg lbg';\ . d lo
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;f]re] Gbf hl6n 5 . ToxfF Pp6f dq
sDo'g, Pp6f dfq l;ofg, s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
u|fld0f ljsf; ljefu To:tf] 5}g, h;nfO{
Pssf] b'Od{ f ljefhg ug{ ;ls+bg} .Æ
dfcf]n] eGg'ePem}+ cfhsf] hl6n ljZj
kl/l:yltnfO{ a'‰g g;Sg] dg'jfx¿sf]
asaf; xf] . h;nfO{ u?0f–k'/f0f jfrg
ug{ cfpF5 t/ cy{ yfx} x'Gg . tL
u'?x¿sf /rgfsf] cy{af]w ug{ g;Sg]
t/ jfrg dfq ug]{ kl08t x'g\ . kfl/t
k| : tfj eG5, …cfTd;dk{ 0 fjfbL,
cfTd;'/IffjfbL, k5f}6,] sfo/x¿n] k|bz{g
u/]sf] gfnfolskg dfq xf] . hf] h]naf6
t'?Gtfsf t'?Gt} jftf{ ug{k' 5{ eGb}
56\k6fPsf] lyof] . hf] h]nd'Qm x'g
gkfPsf]df bzy/L dfG5]x¿;Fu u'xf/
dfUb} lx8]sf] lyof] . hf] cfˆg} 5fofaf6
cftlÍt eP/ tl;{g] cj:yf lyof] . h;n]
Ps dlxgf cufl8;Dd g]qT[ j lgisn+s
/ ;j{l:jsfo{ ts{ ub{Yof] . ltg}n]
cg]sy/L zAb k|of]u ug{' eg]sf] /hg}lts,
dfgl;s ljlIfKttf t xf]Og < cfz+sf
pTkGg u/]sf] 5 . pgLx¿n] cfk"mnfO{
jfdk+yL b]vfpg] hlt;'s} 9f]ª\ u/] klg
pgLx¿sf] g;f–g;fdf blIf0fk+yL
c/fhstfjfbsf] ljif au]sf] 5 .Æ !!cf}+
/ !@cf}+ a}7s;Dd sfo{lbzf ;xL /
j}1flgs /x]sf] eGb} cfPsf ;'bz{g–
s~rg gfdw/L 5'rG' b|fsf tfFtLx¿
crfgs sfo{lbzfsf] lj?4 plqPsf
5g\ . kf6L{ / g]qT[ jsf] lj/f]w u/]kl5
sfo{lbzfsf] klg lj/f]wdf plqg'kg]{ afWotf
pgLx¿df 5 . csf]l{ t/ ls/0fsf] b}nf]df
nDk;f/ kg{ klg Tolt u'g nufpg
pgLx¿ afWo 5g\ .
;'bz{g / s~rg u'6sf] tf}tkmL{
c;+ult / lj/f]wfef; 5 . cf7f}+ s]Gb|Lo
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;[ h gfTdstfsf g;f ;' s ] s f
h8;"qjfbLx¿n] slt l56f] :d/0f–zlQm
u'dfpF5g\ eg] Pd;L;L lj?4sf] ;‹if{
x'bF f;Dd klg sfo{lbzf Psbd} ;xL /
j}1flgs ePsfn] xfd|f] kf6L{ b]zsf]
j}slNks zlQm aGg ;kmn ePsf],
hgtfn] e/f];f ug]{ kf6L{ ag]sf], g]qT[ j
nf]sk|Lo / :yflkt ePsf] eGb} /fi6«kltsf]
r'gfj n8\gk' g];{ Ddsf wf/0ff /fVg] uy]{ .Æ
olb sfo{lbzf l7s nfu]sf] lyPg eg]
logLx¿ kf6L{df lsg cfPsf lyP t <
xfdLn] ls/0f;Fu nfdf] ;‹if{ ub}{ lzju9L
e]nf eO/xFbf s~rg e]nf 5f]8/] ls/0fsf]
lkjL a}7sdf lj/fhdfg lyP . ;'bz{g
t k|r08n] sf/jfxL u/]kl5 ef}t+ fl/b}
w]/k} l5 cfPsf x'g\ . lzju9L e]nf;Dd
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lyof] . lzju9L e]nfsf] dd{af]w gug]{
t/ 5nkmnkl5 sfo{lbzf l:jsf/ ug]{
ul/Psf] ;Gbe{ uf}8+ f] 9's/] cfqmd0f ug]
xf] /x]5 .
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g]q[Tjdfly cy{jfbL ePsf] cf/f]k
nufPsf 5g\ . dhb'/ cfGbf]ngnfO{
/fhgLlts cfGbf]ngaf6 k[ys /fVg
vf]Hg] ?;L ;+zf]wgjfbnfO{ n]lggn]
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;Gbe{df Tof] ax;sf] uf]? a]rs ] f] ;fOgf]
klg 5}g . pgLx¿sf] aa'/f] r]tgfsf]
ljifodf kfl/t k|:tfj eG5, …oL
c/fhsnfO{ zAb rf]g{ / e6\ofpg dfq
cfpF5 . t/ of] zAbsf] cy{ s] xf] /
s;sf nflu k|of]u x'G5 eGg] x]Ssf
/fVg klg la;{G5g\ . === jf:tjdf of]
dgf]cft+s klg xf] . lsgls jf:tljs
h'emf? cy{jfbeGbf lg tn e|i6
cy{jfbL t pgLx¿nfO{ ldNg] zAb xf] .
kf6L{df r/d cy{jfb of cy{df
ckf/blz{tf Pj+ ljrng 5 eg] Tof]
;' b z{ g –s~rgsf] u' 6 leq 5 .
pgLx¿;Fu ;‹if{sf] ;'? g} oxL sf/0fn]
ePsf] xf] .Æ ;f+;b x'g gkfPsf]df
/f]Os/fO ub}{ lx8]sf ;/d5f8f ;'bz{gn]
xfdLnfO{ Pdfn] k/:t cf/f]k nufPsf
5g\ . Tof] cf/f]k pgLx¿nfO{ g} dxËf]
kg]5 { . ;f] ;DaGwdf k|:tfjdf elgPsf]
5, æk|ltlglw ;efdf ;dfg'kfltssf]
;f+;b x'g gkfPsf]df Clif wdnfsf]
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6fpsf] 3';fg{ tof/ cj;/jfbLnfO{
xfd|fa] f/]df olt;Ddsf] lgr / 3[l0ft
e|d k|rf/ ug{ nfh nfUg'kg]{ xf] .Æ
pgLx¿n] sfo{lbzf klg xf:ofkb 5 .
kf6L{sf] sfo{lbzfsf] Pp6f zAb yk]/,
Pp6f kmfn]/ gofF sfo{lbzf x'G5 <
s~rg–;'bz{gsf] lrtjg e]nfaf6
kfl/t k|:tfj …h};Lsf] kfqf]Ú hlt klg
dxTjxLg, lbzfxLg 5 . 5'rG' b|fsf
tfFtLsf] ljZn]if0f ub}{ lgisif{df elgPsf]
5, x" fd|f] kf6L{ / sfo{lbzfsf] pGgtL,
k|ult, nf]slk|otf / lj:jf;af6
lrl9Psf, x}/fg ePsf, d'/d'l/Psf,
ljlR5Kt ePsf, lbdfu, vnalnPsf
;f/f ;fd|fHofjfbL, k'h F LjfbL tTjx¿
Ps eP/ k|xf/ ug{ cfPsf 5g\ . ¿kdf
k"m6jfb lelq ;d:ofh:tf] b]lvP klg
o;df ;f/f df}sf s'//] df/ xfGg a;]sf
a}/Lx¿sf] pQ]hgfTds xdnfsf] e"ldsf
5 .Æ g]kfnL qmflGtsf] unf /]6g\ ;'bz{g–
s~rgsf] a'O{ r9]/ Og;fO8 g]kfn
(Inside Nepal) sf] gofF cfofd
k|s6 ePsf] 5 .
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km:g] b]lv+b5 } . :yfoL ;ldltdf PSn}
k/]sf ls/0f ;'bz{g–s~rgnfO{ NofP/
;xf/f vf]Hb} 5g\ . /fdl;+x–uf}/jx¿n]
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w/ftnsf] k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ . ;'bz{g–
s~rgn] eg] …dxflwj]zgkl5 uf}/j /
ls/0fnfO{ Joj:yfkg u/]/ g]q[Tj
cfk"mx¿n] lng]Ú lbjf–:jKg afF8]/
sfo{stf{ y]Ug vf]Hb}5g\ . cflv/
5'rG' b|fsf tfFtLsf] uGtJo h'7N] gf;Dd
t xf] Û
3
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf g]tf g]skfdf k|jz]
sf7df8f}F . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf b'O{ hgf lhNnf:t/Lo g]tf ;f] kf6L{ kl/Tofu
ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{df k|jz ] u/]sf 5g\ . alb{ofsf] ;b/d'sfd u'nl/ofdf
cfO{tjf/ ePsf] Ps sfof{qmdsf aLr g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ kl/Tofu ul/
gf/b Kofs'/n] / lbk]Gb| Kofs'/n] g]skfdf k|jz ] u/]sf x'g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ g]skf
alb{ofsf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L u0f]z rf}w/L]n] clj/ cfj/0f u/L g]skfdf k|jfz
u/fPsf x'g\ . gjk|jz
] L gf/b / lbk]Gb|n] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ ca dfcf]jfbL
ljrf/ / l;4fGtdf gePsf] / l;4fGtlxg kf6L{ ePsf] atfP .
pgLx¿n] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| gftfjfb s[kfjfb ;Fu} e|i6frf/, bnfn sldzg
3';vf]/x¿sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ kf6L{df kl/0ft ePsf] bfjL ub}{ qmflGtsf/L
ljrf/ / gLlt af]s]sf] kf6L{ g]skf dfq b]v]sfn] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| kl/Tof
u/]/ g]skfdf k|j]z u/]sf] atfP . :jfut;Fu} lhNnf ;]qm]6/L rf}w/Ln]
a}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf Nofpg o'jfx¿sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg] /
e|ddf k/]/ c? kf6L{df nfu]sf o'jfx¿ l9nf] rfF8f] cfˆgf] kf6L{df kmls{g]
bfjL ub}{ bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf eg]sf] v;Lsf] 6fpsf] b]vfP/ s's'/sf]
df;' a]Rg] ynf] ePsf] / ;+;bLo Joj:yf g]kfndf c;kmn ePsfn] To;sf]
7fpFdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf cfjZos ePsf] atfP .
pgn] /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L / P;=lk=lk sf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ /fi6«jfbL, b]zeQm
/ qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿ n8\gs ' f] ljsNk gePsf] klg atfP . ;f] qmddf e]/L
s0ff{nL ;fwf/0f zfvf ;]qm]6/L wd{/fh ;'gf/ -lw/]Gb|n_] klg gjk|az ] Lx¿nfO{
:jfut u/]sf lyP eg] pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng clvn -qmflGtsf/L_
alb{of lhNnfsf cWoIf xl/ Kofs'/]nn] u/]sf lyP .
sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/leq ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg ug{ lgif]w
sf7df8f}F . sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsfn] ;fj{hlgs If]qleq c;f]h !
ut]b]lv w'dkfg lgif]w u/]sf] 5 . dxfgu/kflnsfn] laxLaf/ Ps ;"rgf
lgsfn]/ c;f]h ! ut]b]lv ;fj{hlgs :yndf r'/f]6, la8L, l;uf/, tdfv',
;'Nkmf, sSs8, sRrf ;'tL{, v}gL u'6v \ f jf To:t} k|sf/sf cGo kbfy{ ;]jg
ug{ k|ltaGw nufOPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs :ynnfO{ w'dkfg / ;'tL{hGo
kbfy{dQ ' m If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ k|of;nfO{ ;xof]u ul/lbg klg dxfgu/kflnsfn]
;a};Fu cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . sfg'g, ;bfrf/ / ;fj{hlgs lxt tyf enfOsf
lx;fan] sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ w'dkfg tyf ;'tL{hGo kbfy{dQ ' m If]q
agfpgsf] nflu hf/L ePsf] ;"rgf c6]/L ug]{nfO{ sf/afxL / hl/jfgf
lt/fOg] ;d]t ;"rgfdf pNn]v 5 . nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfn] o;cl3g}
;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{sf] ;]jgdf k|ltjGw nufO;s]sf] 5 .
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bkmf % df ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ w'dk| fg tyf ;"lt{ ;]jg lgif]lwt If]q
tf]Sg'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 .
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/fHo tyf ;/sf/L lgsfo, ;+:yf jf sfof{no, lzIf0f ;+:yf, k':tsfno,
tflnd jf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;+:yf, ljdfg:yn, jfo';j] f tyf ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Lsf ;fwg, afnsNof0f u[x, lzz' :ofxf/ s]Gb|, j[4f>d, cgfyfno,
afn pBfg tyf Sna, ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno, pBf]u tyf snsf/vfgfsf
sfo{:ynnfO{ ;fj{hlgs :yn dflgPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L rnlrq 3/, ;fF:s[lts s]Gb| tyf gf6\ozfnf, xf]6n, df]6n, l/;f]6,{
/]i6'/G] 6, af/, ef]hgfno, rd]gfu[x, nh, 5fq jf 5fqfjf; tyf cltly u[x,
/+uzfnf, se8{xn, zf/Ll/s ;'u7g, Jofofd s]Gb|, kf}8L kf]v/L tyf k'n xfp;,
l8kf6{dG] 6n :6f]/ tyf ldgL dfs]6{ , wd{zfnf tyf wfld{s :yn / ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Lsf k|ltIffno tyf l6s6 sfpG6/ klg ;fj{hlgs :yn x'g\ .
oL afx]s cGo s'g} 7fpFsf] dxTj / ;Dj]bgzLntfnfO{ ljrf/ u/L g]kfn
;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo :ynnfO{
klg ;fj{hlgs :yn dflgg] P]gdf pNn]v 5 .
;fj{hlgs :ynsf Joj:yfksn] cfk"m;Fu ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs :ynsf]
cfjZostf cg';f/ ljleGg 7fpFdf w"dkfg tyf ;"lt{ ;]jg ug{ gkfpg] Joxf]/fsf]
;"rgf ;a}n] b]Vg] / k9\g ;Sg] u/L 6fF; ug{' kg]5{ . olb To;f] gug]{ Joj:yfksnfO{
kfFr xhf/ ¿k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'G5 . olb s;}n] ;fj{hlgs :yndf w"dkfg jf
;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg u/]df Joj:yfksn] tL JolQmnfO{ ;fj{hlgs :ynaf6
aflx/ lgsfNg] jf Ps ;o ¿k}ofF hl/jfgf ug]{ jf b'a} ;hfoF ug{ ;Sg] sfg'gL
Joj:yf 5 . olb ;fj{hlgs :yns} JolQm jf sd{rf/Ln] w"dkfg jf ;'tL{ ;]jg
u/]df cg'zf;gdf g/x]sf] ;/x dfgL ;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g adf]lhd ;r]t
u/fpg] jf cGo ljefuLo sf/afxL ug]{ Joj:yf P]gdf 5 .
n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
…If]Kof:qÚ ;fKtflxs / …hgva/Ú
cgnfOgdf k|sfzgfy{ /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o
dxTjsf n]v, /rgf / tl:j/x¿ pknAw
u/fO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g OR5's ;a}df
cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|
yfkfufp“, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com
janakhabar@gmail.com
 4 @)&( ;fn c;f]h @ cfOtaf/
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ k;f{sf] ;]qm6] /Ldf lkm/f]h cfnd g]skf h'Dnfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf /f]sfo
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ k;f{sf] bf]>f] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] lkm/f]h
cfnd ;]qm]6/L /x]sf] !% ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . pQm
;Dd]ngdf xhf/f}+ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf h'n; ' k|bz{g;lxt ePsf] ;Dd]ngdf
;lxb kl/jf/, h]ndf]rf{ kf/ u/]/ cfPsf of]4fx¿nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf ;fdgf kl/jf/sf] ljz]if k|:t'lt ;d]t ePsf] lyof] .
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L lagf]b sfˆn]sf] cWoIftf ePsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf]
k|dv
' cltly lrtjg, dsjfgk'/, af/f, k;f{ OGrfh{ tyf kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ;Gb]z kf}8]n /x]sf lyP .
cGo cltlyx¿df kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf /f}tx6 ;nf{xL OGrfh{
;d/, dsjfgk'/ k"j{ ;]qm]6/L jf6/, /fli6«o jfdkGyL d+rsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
kjg, af/f lhNnf k"j{ ;]qm]6/L laqmd /x]sf lyP .
g]skf :ofª\hfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf ;fu/ g]skf wgs'6fsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf w|a' yfkf
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :ofª\hfsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ;fu/
;]qm]6/L /xg] u/L !% ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngsf]
pb\3f6g ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf :ofª\hf, kj{t
lhNnf O{Grfh{ lals/0fn] bnfn k'FhLklt ju{sf] Joj:yf ePsf]n] ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] Joj:yf Nofpg'kg]{ / Tof] Joj:yf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb ePsf] atfP .
g]kfnsf ul/j hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df tTsfn kl/jt{g Nofpg'kg]{ vfFrf] ePsf]
/ ;f]lx cg';f/ kf6L{ cufl8 a9]sf] pNn]v ub}{ Psflt/ k'm6jfbL / csf]{lt/
;+;bjfbL bnx¿n] k|ToIf ck|ToIf bnfn k'FhLklt / ljb]zL x:tIf]knfO{
kmfO{bf x'g] sfd u/]sf]n] ;Rrf b]zelQm / /fi6«jfbL zlQmx¿ Ps eP/
Pd;L;L, P;kLkL, dxFuL, e|i6frf/L / sfnfjhf/Lx¿sf] cGTosf] nfuL Ps
eP/ cuf8L a9\g]j]nf ePsf] atfP .
To;}u/L hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfnsf lgjt{dfg s]Gb|Lo cWoIf tyf k|sfzg
ljefusf ;b:o k|sfz 8'd|]n] hgclwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ j[xt\ afd tyf
k|ultzLn zlQmsf] Pstf cfjZos /x]sf] atfP . 8'd|]n] ;+;bLo bnx¿n]
b]zsf] /fhgLlts lgsf; lbg g;s]sf] eGb} j}slNks zlQm cfjZostf
ePsf] / Tof] zlQm j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nfuL nfu]sf] kf6L{ g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g} x'g] hLsL/ u/]sf lyP .
sfo{qmddf ;lxb tyf j]ktf kl/jf/sf lhNnf ;+of]hs gf/fo0f k/fh'nLn]
;lxbx¿sf ;kgfdf v]njf8 ug{ gx'g] s'/fdf hf]8 lbP . sfo{qmddf kqsf/ lzj
8'dn
]| ] qmflGtsf/L zlQm Psh'6 x'g clgjfo{ /x]sf] atfP ;lxb cf]dk|sfz e'iffnsf
a'jf zflns/fd e'iffn nufotsf ;lxb kl/jf/sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ;fu/sf] cWoIftf / Zofd cof{nsf] :jfut dGtJo ;+u}
z'? ePsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ;fu/ ;]qm]6/L /xg] ul/ Zofd cof{n, w|j' uf}8n
sdn cfn] nufPtsf] !% hgfsf] lhNnf sld6L lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . v'nf
] ,
;qsf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng w|'j uf}8]nn] u/]sf lyP .
g] k fn sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ ?s' d g]skf g'jfsf]6sf] ;]qm]6/Ldf a;Gt
klZrdsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf rGb|axfb'/ a'9f
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ?s'd klZrdsf] 5}7f}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngaf6
;]qm]6/Ldf rGb|axfb'/ a'9f lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g . g]skf ?s'd klZrdsf]
5}7f}+ ;Dd]ngn] o'jf g]tf rGb|axfb'/ a'9fnfO ;]qm]6/Ldf rog ub}{ @& ;b:oLo
lhNnf ;ldtL lgjf{lrt u/]sf] g]skf ?s'd klZrdn] hgfPsf] 5 . a'9f
clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf …lgnlDatÚ k|d'v nf]sdfg l;+x
sfsL{dfly ;jf]{Rr cbfntleq} sfnf]df];f] bn]/ hgsf/afxL ug]{ dWosf Ps
o'jf g]tf x'g . clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ tTsfnLg s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] x}l;otdf
/xbf pgL;Fu} csf{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|sfz zfxL nufPtn] clVtof/ b'¿kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]usf …lgnlDatÚ k|d'v nf]sdfg l;+x sfsL{dfly ;jf]{Rr
cbfntleq} sfnf]df];f] bn]/ hgsf/afxL u/]sf lyP . pQm sfnf]df];f] 36gfn]
a'9f / zfxLnfO{ kf6L{k+lQmdf kl/lrt agfPsf] lyof] . k|d'vdfly sfnf]df];f]
k|xf/ ePkl5 k|x/Ln] b'a} hgfnfO{ lu/ˆtf/ u/]sf] lyof] . g]tf zfxL / a'9f
em08} ! dlxgfkl5 lx/f;taf6 l/xfO ePsf lyP .
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ h'Dnfsf] t];|f] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] zQm
/f]sfosf] g]t[Tjdf !% ;b:;Lo lhNnf ;ldlt lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 .
pQm ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lj/f6n] qmflGtsf/L
cfGbf]ng ;kmntf k'¥ofpg ;+u7g ;'b[9 tyf qmflGtsf/L x'g'kg]{df hf]8
lbP . pgn] kf6L{sf] ( cf} dxflwj]zgsf] tof/L :j¿k b]ze/sf lhNnfx¿df
kf6L{sf lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;kmn ub}{ gofF g]tT[ j lgjf{lrt eO/xsf] atfP . g]tf
lj/f6n] o;} lznlznfdf h'Dnf lhNnfdf klg gofF g]tT[ j lgjf{lrt ePsf]df
kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 jwfO{ ;lxt sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .
sfo{qmddf k"j{ lhNnf ;lrj k|eflhtsf] klg ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ wgs'6fsf] t];|f] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] w|'a
yfkf ;]qm]6/L;lxt !#;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;'g;/L, wgs'6f lhNnf O{Grfh{ lbk]zsf] k|dv '
cltlydf sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] lyof] .
pQm sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pgn] g]kfnsf ;+;bjfbL bnx¿n] /fi6«3f6L
Pd=;L=;L=, P;=kL=kL= ;Demf}tf tyf sfo{qmd hah{:t sfo{Gjog ug{ nfu]sf]n]
o;sf] lj?4df g]skfn] hgtf ;fydf lnP/ ;8s cfGbf]ngaf6 g} o:tf]
/fi6«3flt kl/of]hgf s'g} klg xfntdf nfu' ug{ glbg] atfP .
g]skfn] ;/sf/;Fu u/]sf] # a'Fb] ;xdtLnfO{ O{dfGbf/Ltfsf] ;fy kfngf
u/]tf klg ;/sf/ u}/lhDj]jf/ /x]/ ;xdtL sfof{Gjog ug{'sf] ;f6f] pN6}
nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntaf6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj nufPtsf g]tf sfo{stf{x¿
dfyL kqmfp k'hL{ hf/L ug{' eg]sf] b]z / hgtfsf] rfxgf ljkl/t hjh{:t
40b lgDTofpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k klg nufP .
pgn] ;/sf/n] hah{l:t g]skfnfO{ zflGt k'g{ 9+un] cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] sfo{
lbzfnfO{ hgtf ;fd" lnP/ hfFbf /fHon] uNt 9+un] x]g{' Tof] /fHosf] u}x|o
lhDd]jf/Lkg ePsf] atfpb} pgn] cfjZos k/]df hgtf;Fu Ps eP/ To;sf]
hjfkm lbg] r]tfjgL ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf] 5 .
pgn] galgaf{lrt ;b:ox¿nfO{ awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf lbFb} gofF g]tT[ jn]
wgs'6f lhNnfdf ePsf] / b]zdf ePsf] uNt /a}ofsf] lj?4 hlxn] klg cfjfh
p7fpg ;sf]; / cGo cTofrf/sf] lj?4df e08fkmf]/ ug{ ;sf]; eGb} ;Dk"0f{
lgaf{lrt ;b:ox¿nfO{ kf6L{sf] gLlt cg';f/ ;ky u|x0f u/fPsf lyP .
g]skf wgs'6f lhNnfsf] t];|f] ;Dd]ng cfof]hs sld6Lsf ;+of]hs w'a{
yfkfsf] cWoIftf / sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng g]skf wgs'6f lhNnf t];|f] ;Dd]ng
cfof]hs sld6Lsf ;b:o /0fs'df/n] u/]sf lyP .
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g'jfsf]6sf] rf}yf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn]
a;Gtsf] g]t[Tjdf @! ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . efb| @%
ut] a§f/ ahf/df ePsf] ;Dd]ngn] lbks tfdfª -a;Gt_ lhNnf ;]qm]6/Ldf
;j{;Ddt rog u/]sf] xf] . ;Dd]ngn] @! ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt rog
u/]sf] xf] .
jt{dfg ;]qm]6/L a;Gtsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] ;Dd]ngsf] k|d'v cltly
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=clgn zdf{ -lj/lx_ /x]sf]] lyP . To:t} pQm lhNnf
;Dd]ngdf kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lr/g k'g-ldng_, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
g'jfsf]6–/;'jf lhNnf OGrfh{ ljGb', ljz]if ;ldlt ;b:o b]jfs/, g]jf d'lQm
df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lx/fnfn, ;lxb kl/jf/, clvn qmflGtsf/L g'jfsf]6
lhNnf ;+of]hs /f]lhgf nufotsf] cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . k|d'v cltly
clgn zdf{ -lj/lx_ pgn] sfo{stf{nfO{ k|lzlIft ub}{ hgtfsf] cfzf /
ljZjf; ;lxtsf] xfd|f] kf6L{ hgtfsf] d'lQmsf lglDt clGtd;Dd ;+3;{ ug]{ /
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf :yfkgf ug]{ clGtd nIodf k'Ug] atfP . b]zsf]
jt{dfg kl/j]znfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ xfd|f] kf6L{n] ;Zn]l;t u/]sf] PsLs[t
hgqmflGt df hgtfx¿ uf]na4 x'g ;a}n] cf–cfˆgf] 7fpFaf6 gofF hf]; /
hfFu/sf ;fy nfUg sfo{stf{nfO{ pgn] lgb]l{ zt u/]sf lyP . pgn] eg], …bnfn
k'h
F Ljfbsf] cGTo gx'bF f;Dd hgtfsf d'2f sbflk k"/f x'g] 5}gg\ To;sf/0f
cfhsf] lbgdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb clgjfo{ / ckl/xfo{ ePsf] 5 .Æ
o;/L eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] P]ltxfl;s rf}yf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng
sfo{qmdsf] :jfut dGtJo afbnn] /fv]sf] lyP eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng
d]3G] b|n] u/]sf lyP . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf ;lxb kl/jf/hgnfO{ sfo{qmdsf k|dv'
cltly =lj/lxn] bf];Nnf / ;Ddfg kq ljt/0f u/L ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] eg]
qmflGt / kf6L{sf] kIfdf lg/Gt/tf lbg' x'g] z'e nfn, /f]l;t, clegf; /
@)&* ;fn df pTs[i6 of]ubfg lbg'x'g] d]3]Gb|nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
g]skf ;'g;/Lsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf lajz
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ;'g;/Lsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] lajzsf]
g]tT[ jdf !& ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L rog u/]sf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmddf cltlyx¿
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;'g;/L, wgs'6f lhNnf O{Grfh{ lbk]z /fO{ df]/Ë,
emfkf lhNnf O{Grfh{ ;'dg lnDa', >lds ;d"bfo g]kfsf dxf;lrj lqnf]rg,
cg]d;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf sdnf lnDa", lnDa'jfg d'lQm df]rf{sf]
s]Gb|Lo ;+of]hs uh]Gb| kfn'ª\jf, laz]if sld6L ;b:o b]a s'df/ u'?ª, xs{
lnDa" /x]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmdsf] cltly lbk]z /fO{n] kf6L{sf] sfo{lbzf,
jt{dfg /fli6«o /fhgLlt, cGt/f{li6o kl/l:ylt, gLlt ljlw nufot dxTjk"0f{
ljifodf k|ltlglw tyf kl/a]IfsnfO{ k|lzIf0f dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . pgn]
;/sf/n] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;Fu u/]sf] tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt k"/f ug{'sf] ;f6f]
pN6} kf6L{sf] dxf;lrj laKnj nufotsf g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ of] bnfn ;/sf/n]
kqmfp k'hL{ hf/L u/]sf]df cfklt hgfPsf] 5 . pgn] g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{;Fu u/]sf] tLg a'Fb] ;xdltnfO{ ;/sf/n] a]jf:yf u/]/ xfd|f] ;xdltnfO{
bafpg] s'r:] 6 gug{ ;/sf/nfO{ r]tfjgL lbFb} pgn] O{6sf] hjfkm kTy/n]
lbg /fHonfO{ xfd|f] kf6L{ hlt;'s} a]nf klg tof/ /x]sf] r]tfjgL lbP .
pgn] g]tfsfo{stf{nfO{ k|lzIf0f ub}{ b]zdf ePsf] cGo cTofrf/, e|i6frf/,
dx+uL, anfTsf/, Pd =l; =l; =P; = lk =lk nufPtsf] /fi6«3ft lj?4sf]
cfGbf]ngdf Pstf a4 eP/ cufl8 a9\g / kf6L{sf] ( cf}+ dxflwj]zg ;kmn
kfg{ ;a} g]tfsfo{stf{nfO{ cf–cfˆgf] 7fpFaf6 ;xof]u ug{ lgb]{zg lbFb} ga
lgaf{lrt l6dnfO{ sfo{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .
cGo cltly sd/]8x¿n] sfo{qmd ;kmn kfg{ / ga lgaf{lrt sd/]8x¿nfO{
sfo{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf dGtJo ;'dg lnDa", lqnf]rg, b]j u'?ª, sdnf
lnDa'n] lbPsf lyP . aGbzqdf cltyL kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf df]/Ë,
emfkf lhNnf O{Grfh{ ;'dg lnDa'n] k|lzIf0f dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . pgn]
;'g;/L lhNnfnfO{ Pp6f prfO{df p7fpgsf] nflu ga lgaf{lrt l6dnfO{
;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbFb} ;/sf/n] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;Fu u/]sf] ltga'Fb]
;xdlt sfof{Gjog gu/] g]tfsfo{stf{x¿nfO{ hfl/ ul/Psf] kqmfp k'hL{ vf/]h
gu/] alGb sd/]8x¿nfO{ l/xfO{ gu/] b]zdf 7"nf] ;+s6 lglDtg] /fHonfO{
r]tfjgL lbPsf] lyP .
aGbzqsf] cWoIf d08nsf] cWoIftf uh]Gb| kfn'ª\jfn] u/]sf lyP eg]
;+rfng k|lts /fO{n] u/]sf lyP . h]:7 ;b:o ;f]d kf}8]ofnsf] cWoIftfdf
klxnf] a}7s a;L ;lrjdf ;j{;xdt 6'Ëf] nufO{ a}7sdf lajznfO{ ;'g;/L
lhNnf kf6L{sf] ;lradf lgjf{lrt ul/Psf] lyof] . lg/af{lrt l6dnfO{
cltlyx¿af6 cla/ nufP/ aGb;qsf] cWoIf d08nsf] cWoIf uh]Gb|n]
sfo{qmd ;dfkg u/]sf lyP .
g]skf vf]6fªsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf ;~hLj n'ª3\ n] L
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ vf]6fªsf] t>f] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ;~hLj
n'‹]nL du/sf] g]t[Tjdf !% ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf lhNnf O{~rfh{ z}n;
cflyTotfdf ;f] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] xf] .
] sf] k|dv
'
pQm ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf z}n];n] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] dfq g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] lxtsf] nfuL pleg] kf6L{ ePsf]n]
;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm k|ultlzn gful/sx¿ g]skfdf cfj4 x'g cfu|x u/] . pgn]
g]kfnsf ;+;bjfbL bnx¿n] /fi6«3f6L Pd=;L=;L=, P;=kL=kL= ;Demf}tf tyf
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug{ nfu]sf]n] o;sf] lj?4df g]skfn] hgtf ;fydf lnP/
of] s'g} klg xfntdf lkmtf{ jGb ug]{ atfP . g]skfn] # a'Fb] ;xdtLnfO{
O{dfGbf/Ltfsf] ;fy kfngf u/] klg ;/sf/ u}/lhDj]jf/ /x]/ ;xdtL sfof{Gjog
ug{s' f] pN6f] nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntaf6 kf6L{sf] d'Vo g]tT[ j nufPtsf g]tf
sfo{stf{x¿dfyL kqmfp k'hL{ hf/L ug{' eg]sf] b]z / hgtfsf] rfxgf ljkl/t
hj/h:t åGb lgDTofpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufP . ;/sf/n] k]n]/ g]skfnfO{
cfTd;dk{0f u/fpg vf]h]sf]n] o;sf] cfjZos k/]df hgtf;Fu Ps eP/
hjfkm lbg] r'gf}tL lbPsf lyP .
 @)&( ;fn c;f]h @ ut] cfOtaf/
ax'wj' | Lo ljZj / ;dfhjfb Û
cfly{s, k|fljlws / ;fdl/s b[li6n]
cfhsf] ljZj zlQm ;Gt'ngnfO{ jx'wj" | Lo
ljZjsf] ¿Kdf a'‰g ;lsG5 . vf;u/L
lzto'4sf] cGTo, zf]leot ;+3sf] lj36g
/ k'jL{ o'/f]kdf ;dfhjfbL /fHo;QfX¿df
ePsf] k|ltqmflGt;Fu} () sf] bzskl5sf]
;donfO{ Psw|j" Lo jf cd]l/sLw|j" Lo
z]/axfb'/ ljZjsdf{
kl5Nnf] s]xL ;do otf clGtd
dfG5] dflgPsf] gjpbf/jfbL
k'h
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u/L ;+s6sf sf]lknfx¿ x'ls{b} 5g
eg] of] ;du| Joj:yfsf] ljsNkdf
;dfhjfbdfq} clGtd / dfgj Pad\
k|sl[ t s]lGb|t Joj:yf x'g;S5 eGg]
s'/f :yflkt x'bF 5} . gjpbf/jfbL
Joj:yfsf ;dy{s lrGtsx¿b]lv
k'h
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;RrfOnfO{ :jLsf/ ul//x]sf] b]lvG5
/ ljBdfg pTkfbg ;DaGw cGtu{t
o;sf] lbuf] ;dfwfg e]§fpg;d]t
c;+ej 5 . cfhsf] of] afXo kl/l:yltsf] ;Dos ljZn]if0f;lxt g]kfndf ;dfhjfbL cfGbf]ngsf
nflu cfTdut tof/Lsf] lbzfdf 7f]; kxn ug{' g} clxn]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;fy{stf l;4 x'g5] .
To;}n] xfdLn] Pp6} jfSodf eGg ;S5f} Jofs 6' g]r/ Û Jofs 6' dfs{l;{ Hd ÛÛ
ljZjsf] ¿Kdf lnOGYof] . o;sf] cy{
ljZjzlQmsf] d'Voefu / s]Gb|df cd]l/sf
5 / c? d'ns ' x¿ pgLX¿sf] k]l/km]/L
cGtu{t kb{5g / cd]l/sf;Fu jf p;sf]
gLlt;Fu c;xdt x'g] r]:6f /fVg' s'gk} lg
d'ns ' sf nflu vt/fsf] ;+st] xf] eGg]
efio :yflkt ePsf] lyof] .
dfgj ;EotfX¿sf] Oltxf;df
k|flrgsfnb]lv g} ljleq ;EotfX¿aLr
cfk;L cGt/lqmof, k| l t:kwf{ /
;xcl:tTjsf] ;DaGw /xb} cfPsf] 5 .
o;qmddf sltko ;EotfX¿ dfl;Psf
5\g, sltko lasl;t x'g k'us ] f 5g
eg] sltko ;EotfX¿ cfˆgf ;dsfnLg
;EotfX¿sf] t'ngfdf k|efjL e"ldsfdf
/xFb} cfPsf 5g\ .
k'h
F L / k'h
F Ljfbsf] af/]df ;a}eGbf
uxg / ldxLg9Ën] cg';Gwfg u/]sf
sfn{dfS;{sf cg';f/ k'h F LjfbL o'usf]
k|f/De !$ cf}+ ztfAbLaf6 ePsf]
dflgG5 . ha k'FhLjfbL pTkfbg
;DaGwsf] lasf; eof] / jfkmaf6 rNg]
OlGhgsf] cfljisf/ ePkl5 o'/f]kdf
laz]ift j]nfotdf cf}Bf]lus qmflGtsf]
ljhf/f]k0f x'g k'Uof] . x:trflnt cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbgsf] :yfg d]lzgn] lng k'Uof] .
ha xftn] ug]{ sfd d]lzgåf/f x'g yfNof]
:jeflas¿Kdf pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf
ef/L j[l4 x'g k'Uof] . l;ldt pTkfbgsf]
7fpFdf 7"nf] kl/0ffddf x'g] pTkfbgn] lnof]
/ ca k'h F Lafbsf nflu ;:tf] >dsf]
vf]hL ug{k' g]{ eof] . gfkmfsf nflu
ljZjahf/sf] vf]hL ug{'kg]{ eof] .
o;qmddf g} j]nfot, :k]g, c:6«Lof, xË]/L,
O6fnL, k|mfG;, hd{g / hfkfgh:tf
;fd|fHojfbL b]zX¿sf] pbo eof] /
pgLX¿aLr gfkmfsf nflu x'g] k|lt:kwf{df
o'2, lx+;f, zf]if0f, dGbL h:tf dfgjtf
lj/f]wL s'sd{X¿ cGtlg{lxt x'g k'u] /
To;sf] Pp6f pTsif{ lyof] k|yd / låtLo
ljZjo'4 . ljZjo'4sf] qmddf s}of] 7'nf]
kl/df0fdf wghgsf] IftL x'g k'Uof] .
nfvf} dflg;x¿ c+ueË x'g k'u] . o;/L
k'h
F LjfbL pTkfbg k|f0ffnL cGtu{t x'g]
o'4sf ljlel;sfX¿n] k'¥ofpg] gf]S;fgL;Fu}
ljZjsf zlQmzfnL sxlnPsf b]zX¿sf]
zlQm ;dLs/0f / zlQm ;Gt'ngdf klg
x]/km]/ x'bf]/x]5 . To;}sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f
xf], bf];f| ] ljZjo'4sf] ;dflKtkl5 x'g
uPsf] cd]l/sfsf] pbo .
bf];f| ] ljZjo'4 ;g !(#(–!($% kl5
o'2df ;fd]n cGo zlQmX¿ k5f8L
ws]lng k'u] t/ cd]l/sf gofF zlQmsf]
¿Kdf cufl8 cfof] . ljrf/, /fhgLlt
/ cy{ Joj:yfsf b[l:6n] k'h F LjfbL
k|f0fflnsf] s]Gb|df Psflt/ cd]l/sfn]
g]tT[ j u¥of] eg] csf{lt/ ;dfhjfbL
ljrf/, /fhgLlt / cy{Joj:yfsf lx;fan]
To;sf] s]Gb|Lo efudf ;f]leot ;+3 ?;
cufl8 cfof] . bf];|f] laZjo'2sf]
;dflKtkl5 pbo ePsf k'h F LjfbL v]df
/ ;dfhjfbL v]dfaLr em08} $% jif{
nfdf] lzto'4 rNof] . lzto'4sf] a]nf
s}of}+ b]zX¿ ls t cd]l/sL w|j' df ls t
?l; w|j' df w|j' Ls/0f x'g k'u] . sltko
o:tf b]zx¿ klg 5g, hf] oL b'Oj{ 6}
u'6af6 lg/k]If /xg vf]h] h;nfO{ kl5
c;+nUg /f:6«X¿sf] ;d"x elgof] /
cfhko{Gt To;sf] cl:tTj 5b}5 .
ldvfOn uf]jf{rf]eåf/f k'g;{/+ rgf -
k]/:] qf]Osf_ / v'nfkg -Unf;gf]:t_h:tf
dfGotfX¿ cl3 ;fb}{ ;dfhjfbsf] af6f]
5f]8k] l5 ;f]leot ;+3sf] ktg eof] .
k'h
F LjfbL k|0fflnsf] g]tT[ j ul//x]sf]
cd]l/sL w'j{ Pp6f dxfzlQmsf] ¿Kdf
/xg k'Uof] / o;}nfO{ tTsfnLg cy{zf:qL,
;dfhzf:qL / /fhlglts lj1fgsf
cWotfX¿n] Ps w|j' Lo ljZjsf] ;+1f
lbP . cd]l/sfsf] ljZjdf Ps w'js { f]
¿Kdf pbo ePkl5 p;Fu /fhgLlts,
cfly{s / kmf}hL lx;fan] k|lt:kwf{ ug]{
;fdYo{ sf]xL gePsf] h:tf] b]lvof] .
kl5Nnf] ljsl;t k|ljlw, dfgj clwsf/sf]
kl/efiff / /Iff, u} / ;/sf/L
;+:yfX¿dfkm{t\ t];f| ] ljZjsf b]zx¿sf]
;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / cfly{s
;+/rgfX¿sf] ;dfof]hg, ljZj a}s + ,
cGt/f{li6«o d'bf| sf]if, ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g
h:tf ;+:yfX¿df cd]l/sL k|efj / k|To]If
g]tT[ j :yflkt x'g k'Uof] . cGt/fl:6«o
e'Qmfgsf] dfWod 8n/ x'g uof] . ljZjsf
xhf/f}+ :yfgX¿df g]6f] ;]gfnfO{ t}gfy
ul/b} nluof] . k|fs[lts >f]t / ;Dkbf
Pad\ bIf dfgjLo ;|ft] dfyL cd]l/ls
lgoGq0f sfod x'bF } uof] . dfgj clwsf/
/ k|fhftGqsf] dl;xf g} cd]l/sf xf], c+uh ]| L
efiff g} c?eGbf >]i7 / ljZjefiff xf]
eGg] ljDaX¿ lgdf{0f x'g yfn] . ;+;f/e/
rln/x]sf hftLo / juL{o d'QmL
cfGbf]ngX¿nfO{ bdg ug{ tL cfGbf]ngnfO{
cft+safbsf] kl/efiff cGtu{t /flvof] .
cd] l /sL ;Eotf / tyfslyt
uf]/fX¿afx]s c? ;a} d"v,{ c1fg /
c;Eo x'g] ePsf]n] c?nfO{ klg ;Eo /
ljsl;t agfpg cd]l/sL 9frfjdf]lhd
k'g;{/+ rgf ug{k' g]{ eof] . dfgf} lasf; x'g'
eg]s} cd]l/lss/0f x'g' xf], ljZjsf]
lasf;, /Iff / enfO{ ug]{ clGtd lhDdf
g} k|sl[ tn] pgLX¿nfO{ g} lbPsf] 5 Û
;f]leot ;+3sf] lj36g / cd]l/sL
ljZj Joj:yfsf] pbonfO{ k'h F LjfbL
lrGtsX¿ d'VotM k|mflG;; km'so' fdfX¿n]
Oltxf;sf] cGTo / clGtd dfG5]sf] ¿Kdf
dlxdfdl08t u/] . ;dfhjfbL ;Qfsf]
c:yfoL¿Kdf ePsf] xf/nfO{ pgLX¿n]
Oltxf;sf] cGTo, ljrf/wf/fsf] cGTo,
lglj{rf/wf/fs/0f jf k'glj{rf/wf/fs/0f
eGb} k'hF Ljfbsf] cGToxLg ljhosf] ¿Kdf
ljho pT;j dgfP . pgLX¿sf cg';f/
clGtd dfG5] eGgfn] *) sf] bzskl5
;fd|fhjfbLX¿n] cuf8L lnP/ cfPsf]
gjpbf/jfbL k'h F Ljfb xf] eGg] cy{ nufP .
of] g} clGtd / lglj{sNk Joj:yf xf] / of]
slxNo} dg]{ 5}g . of] qmd ha cufl8
a8\b} uof] ta ;+;f/e/L ;dfhjfbL /
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 elgPsf kf6L{ /
g]tfX¿n] ;d]t Psw|"jLo ljZjdf
;dfhjfbL qmflGt ug}{ g;lsg] jf z;:q
qmflGt t emg c;+ej ePsf] eGb} ;+;bLo
k|0ffnLdf zflGtk"0f{ k|lt:kwf{sf] nfOg
;dfTg k'u] / To;sf] g]kfnL cfofd eg]sf]
hah / dbg e08f/L lyP . pgn]
hjh¿kL k'h F LjfbL k|hftGqsf] lzif{s g}
df;{jfbsf] l;h{gfTds lasf; u/f},
h8z'qjfbsf] lj/f]w u/f} eGb} l;h{gfTds
ljsf; eg]sf] k'h F LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yf
/ h8z'qjfbsf] lj/f]w eg]sf] ju{;3+ if{,
ank|of]u / ;j{xf/f /fHo;Qfsf]
kl/Tofusf] af6f] lng k'u] .
@! cf} ztfAbLsf] klxnf] bzs;Dd
cfO{kU' bf cd]l/sfn] cfˆgf] k|0ffnL;Fu
c;xdt ljrf/, b]z / zlQmsf lj?4
ls æxfd|f] kIfdf ls t xfd|f lj?4Æ eGb}
lgs} 7"n7"nf bdg / kmfl;jfbL cleofg
rnfof] . O/fs, O/fg, l;l/of,
ckmuflg:tfgnufotsf b]zX¿df p;n]
u/]sf cfttfoL cfqmd0fX¿ of]
cleofgsf 7f]; pbfx/0fX¿ x'g . t/
bf];f| ] bzs;Fu} l:ytL km]l/b} uPsf] 5 .
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbla?4 c? k'h F LjfbL
zlQmzfnLX¿b]lv s]xL ;dfhjfbL
zlQmX¿;d]t cfly{s, k|fljlws / ;}Go
lx;fan] ;d]t 6Ss/ lng;Sg] 7fpFdf
cfOk'u]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL 8n/sf]
ljsNkdf cGo d'bf| sf] lasNk cufl8
cfpg', ljZj j}Í, cfOodPkm / ljZj
Jofkf/sf] lasNkX¿ cufl8 cfpg',
/l;og / sf]l/ogX¿X¿ ;}Go / k|fljlws
b[li6n] k|lt:kwL{ x'g', cy{tGqsf
;dl:6ut ;"rsdf lrlgofFX¿ plbodfg
ljZjzlQmsf] ¿Kdf cfpg vf]Hg',
ljZjzlQmsf] s]Gb| ca o'/f]k cd]l/sfaf6
Plzoflt/ :yfgfGt/0f x'g] ;+efjgf a9\b}
hfg' / cd]l/sL ;dhJoj:yfdf gofF –
gofF ;+s6X¿ d8fl/b} hfg' nufotsf
laz]iftfX¿n] ca ljZj Psw|j" Lo xf]Og
ls ax'wj" | Lo ljZj / gofF zlQm ;Gt'ngsf]
lbzflt/ 9lNsb} uPsf] s'/f k|:6} 5 /
of] ;+s6nfO{ e/y]u ug{ / rLgnufot
cGo plbodfg zlQmX¿sf] pbonfO{
/f]Sgsf nflu g} cd]l/sfn] Pdl;;L, lxb
k|zfGt /0fgLlt / P;kLkLh:tf ;}Go
;fem]bf/Ldf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd NofO/x]sf]
5 . of] g} p;sf] r/d ;+s6sf] ;+st]
klg xf] .
o;/L ljZj Psw| " j Lo zlQm
;Gt'ngsf] 7fFpdf ax'wj" | Lo x'bF } hfg' eg]sf]
Psflt/ k'h F LjfbLX¿aLr x'g] cfk;L
cGt/lj/f]w / l5gfemK6L k|ToIf ;txdf
b]lvb} hfg' xf] eg] csf]l{ t/ ljZj
zlQm;Gt'ngsf] qmddf bnfn k'h F LjfbL–
gj pklgzjfbL pTkL8gaf6 kLl8t
b]zX¿df /fli6«od'QmL cfGbf]ngX¿
cufl8 cfpg] k|an ;+efjgf klg plQs}
x'G5 .
gfkmf, ;:tf] >d / ahf/sf nflu
;fd|fHojfbL zlQmX¿aLr x'g] cfk;L
k|ltåGåLtfsf sf/0f pTkLl8t b]zX¿
d'Qm x'g] Psflt/ ;+efjgf t 5b}5 .
kl5Nnf] s]xL ;do otf clGtd dfG5]
dflgPsf] gjpbf/jfbL k'h F Ljfbdf ;d]t
;DxfNg g;lsg] u/L ;+s6sf sf]lknfX¿
x'ls{b} 5g eg] of] ;du| Joj:yfsf]
ljsNkdf ;dfhjfbdfq} clGtd / dfgj
Pad\ k|sl[ t s]lGb|t Joj:yf x'g;S5
eGg] s'/f :yflkt x'bF 5 } . gjpbf/jfbL
Joj:yfsf ;dy{s lrGtsX¿b]lv
k'h
F LjfbL k|0ffnLsf ;dy{s j'l2lhjL,
Psy/L ;dfhzf:qLX¿ /
cy{zf:qLX¿n] ;d]t of] ;RrfOnfO{
:jLsf/ ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 / ljBdfg
pTkfbg ;DaGw cGtu{t o;sf] lbuf]
;dfwfg e]§fpg;d]t c;+ej 5 . cfhsf]
of] afXo kl/l:yltsf] ;Dos
ljZn]if0f;lxt g]kfndf ;dfhjfbL
cfGbf]ngsf nflu cfTdut tof/Lsf]
lbzfdf 7f]; kxn ug{' g} clxn]sf]
cfGbf]ngsf] ;fy{stf l;4 x'g5] . To;}n]
xfdLn] Pp6} jfSodf eGg ;S5f} Jofs 6'
g]r/ Û Jofs 6' dfsl{;Hd Û Û
5
g]skf bf]nvfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf ch{g' of]uL
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, bf]nvfsf] 5}6f}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ;]qm]6/Ldf
ch{g' of]uL lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . …bnfn k'h F LjfbL /fHo;Qf, ;+;bLo Joj:yf /
/fi6«3ft cGTosf] lglDt lg0ff{os cfGbf]ng Û j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nflu
PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] lbzfdf P]ltxfl;s 5}6f}+ bf]nvf lhNnf ;Dd]ng ÛÛÚ eGg] d'n
gf/fsf ;fydf ebf} @$ ut] bf]nvf lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd rl/sf]6df ;DkGg
ePsf] xf] . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]x k"j{ ;of}+ hg;d'bfox¿sf] ¥ofnL k|bz{g
ul/Psf] lyof] . kGr]afhf / emfFsL;lxt ePsf] pQm k|bz{g bf]nvf lhNnfsf]
;b/d'sfd rl/sf]6sf] rl/£ofËaf6 z'? eO{ ;ftbf]af6f] rf]s x'bF } ;8s ljefu
u]6 k'u/] k'gM ;ftbf]af6f] rf]s x'bF } rl/£ofË;Dd k'us ] f] lyof] .
k|dv' clylt kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ bf]nvf lhNnf OGrfh{ k|d] bgf{n
-ljsNk_ af6 ^ j6f bLk k|Hjng u/L pb\3f6g ePsf] ;Dd]ngsf] cWoIftf
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ch{g' of]uLn] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmd ;+rfng lhNnf ;lrjfno
;b:o /fhs'df/ nfld5fg]n] / :jfut dGtJo lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o /fhg
wg'sn ] ] u/]sf lyP . To:t} cltlyx¿df kf6L{sf ljz]if ;ldlt ;b:ox¿ ofbj
bfxfn, ;+hLk g]kfnL, cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ sf g]t[ k|lhgf bgf{n / ;lxb
kl/jf/x¿sf] pkl:ylt lyof] . lhNnfsf ljleGg If]qaf6 hgtfsf] pT;fxhgs
Pj+ eJo ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVb} k|dv ' cltly k|d]
bgf{n -ljsNk_ n] of] ;Dd]ng bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;Qf / ;+;bLo Joj:yf 9fNgsf]
lgldQ lg0ff{os ;+3if{sf] pb\3f6g ePsf] atfP . cfˆgf] dxTjk"0f{ egfO{sf
qmddf pgn] dfn]dfjfbL larf/sf] /Iff, ljsf; / k|of]u ub}c { fPsf] / kf6L{sf]
:yfkgfsfnb]lv g} PsLs[t hgqmflGtnfO{ b[9tfk"js { g]kfnL wtL{df ;+rfng
ul//x]sf]n] clxn]sf] hglj/f]wL ;Qf lj36gsf] l8ndf k'us ] f] atfP . pgn] eg]
ca hgtfsf] zlQmzfnL cfGbf]ngsf] cfFwLa]/L of] ;QfnfO{ cGTo ug{k' 5{ /
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug{k' 5{ .Æ b]z / hgtfsf] rlDsnf] efUo / eljiosf]
Joj:yf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ul/g] atfP . pgn] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
/ dxf;lrj ljKnjsf] g]tT[ jdf PsLs[t hgqmflGtaf6 g} g]kfndf j}1flgs
;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] atfpFb} j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfdf hgtfn]
k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/x¿sf af/]df :ki6 JofVof u/]sf lyP . cfˆgf] dGtJosf
qmddf pgn] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / g]kfn ;/sf/sf aLrdf ePsf] tLga'bF ]
;xdlt k"0f{¿kdf sfof{Goog ug{k' g],{ slyt kqmfp k'hL{ t'?Gt vf/]h ug{k' g],{
e'm§f d'2fx¿ t'?Gt vf/]h ug{k' g],{ /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L, P;kLkL ;Demf}tf t'?Gt
vf/]h ug{k' g],{ rsf]{ dx+uL / d"No j'l4 t'?Gt vf/]h ug'kg],{ bnfn k'h F LjfbL
;Qf / bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] r/d\ e|i6rf/, clgoldttf, a]?h'sf] t'?Gt
5fglag u/L e|i6rf/Lx¿nfO{ s8f sfjf{xL ug{k' g],{ /fi6«3ftL, hg3ftL,
e|i6rf/Lx¿nfO{ s8f eGbf s8f sfjf{xL ug{k' g]{ atfP . olb of] /fHosf] ;DalGwt
lgsfox¿af6 sfjf{xL gePdf cfˆgf] kf6L{n] g]tT[ j ug]{ ;+3if{sf] tfutn] ;a}vfn]
cGofo, cTofrf/, e|i6rf/, clgoldttfnfO{ v/fgL agfOlbg] ;d]t pgn]
atfP . cfˆgf] dxTjk"0f{ egfO{sf qmddf pgn] clxn]sf] ljZj kl/l:ylt, /fli6«o
kl/l:ylt, bf]nvfsf] kf6L{n] ug{k' g]{ sfdx¿sf af/]df :ki6 JofVof u/]sf lyP
eg] bnfn k'h F LjfbL Joj:yf, bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf, o;sf bnfn ;+rfnsx¿,
oyfl:yltjfb, ;+;bjfb, blIf0fkGyL ;+;f]wgjfb, h8;'qLo ;+zf]wgjfb, km'6jfbsf
lj?4df lgd{dtfk"js { ;+3if{ ug{sf lgldQ cfd Gofok|d] L b]zeQm bf]nvfnL
hg;d'bfox¿nfO{ clkn ;d]t u/]sf lyP . pgn] eg], …d bf]nvfaf;L hgtfnfO{
;+;bjfbL kf6L{ / g]tfx¿sf] e|ddf gkg{ / PsLs[t hgqmflGtdf nfda4 eP/
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] lglDt uf]naGb x'g ;a}nfO{ clkn ub{5' .Æ ;a}
kf6L{ leqsf b]zeQm k|ultzLn qmflGtsf/L ;fyLx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] kf6L{ ;b}j
:jfut ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfP . of] ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf eg] ;+hLk
g]kfnLn] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP .
;Dd]ngsf] aGb ;q ;df/f]xdf $&$ hgf k|ltlglw, ko{jI] fssf] pkl:ylt
/x]sf] lyof] . pQm aGb ;q ;df/f]xdf /fhg wg's,] /fhs'df/ nfld5fg], a;'g
yfdL /x]sf] tLg ;b:oLo cWoIf d08n ag]sf] lyof] . pQm cWoIf d08nsf]
tkm{af6 /fhg wg'sn ] ] aGb ;q ;df/f]xsf] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP . pQm aGb ;qdf
ch{g' of]uLn] …bnfn k'h F LjfbL /fHo;Qf, ;+;bLo Joj:yf / /fi6«3ft cGTosf]
lglDt lg0ff{os cfGbf]ng Û j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nflu PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf]
lbzfdf P]ltxfl;s 5}6f}+ bf]nvf lhNnf ;Dd]ng ÛÛÚ eGg] zLif{ssf] /fhgLlts
k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf lyP eg] pQm k|ltj]bg Psdtn] kfl/t ePsf] lyof] .
tTkZrft aGb ;q ;df/f]xdf k|dv ' cltly k|d] bgf{n -ljsNk_ n] ch{g'
of]uLsf] g]tT[ j -;]qm]6/L_ df #! ;b:oLo bf]nvf lhNnf ;ldltsf] k|:tfj k]z
u/]sf lyP, pQm k|:tfj Ps dtn] kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . tTkZrft lgjf{lrt
;ldltnfO{ ofbj bfxfnn] awfO{ dGtJo lbPsf lyP . pQm ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g
;df/f]x / aGb ;qdf hgjfbL snfsf/x¿n] cfwf bh{g k|:t'lt k|bz{g u/]sf
lyP . o;/L g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, bf]nvfsf] P]ltxfl;s 5}6f}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ng
;fgbf/ / eJo ¿kdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
 6 @)&( ;fn c;f]h @ cfOtaf/
ljZjsf] ;j{>]i7 k|]/0ffbfoL lrGtg
cfh d]/f] xftdf a|fog 6]«;Lsf]
ljZj k|l;4 s[ltæ;f]r abnf},F lhGbuL
abnf} F Æ /x] s f] 5 . /fO{ 6 y6
klAns]zg4f/f k|sflzt of] k':ts
leqsf dxTjk"0f{ lrGtgx¿nfO{ ;/n
/ ;+lIfKt ¿kdf tkfO{+x¿sf] ;fd'
dGyg ub} { 5 ' . o;af6 tkfO{ +
r]tgzLn dxfg'efjx¿n] oy]i6
dfqfdf nfe p7fpg' x'g]5 eg]/ d
ljZj:t 5' . of] lstfasf] d'Vo p2]Zo
tkfO{s + f] ;f]r abn]/ tkfO{n + fO{ o:tf]
agfpg' xf] ls km]l/ s;}n] tkfO{+nfO{
s'g} klg nIo k|fKt ug{af6 /f]SGf
g;sf]; . tkfO{n + ] cfˆgf] dgf]j1} flgs
:t/nfO{ slt w]/} lasl;t ug{' kg{]
5 eg] tkfO{+ k|sl[ tsf] ck/fho zlQm
em} aGg' x'g]5 . tkfO{+ p7\g] vfnsf]
s'g} Hjf/ of k'/f wlt{nfO{ xNnfpg]
hf]8bf/ t'kmfg em} x'g'x'g]5
;kmntfsf] nflu Ps vf; aflg M
;kmntf kfpgsf] nflu Ps vf;
afgL 5, l56} u7\g' . ;kmn dflg;
s]xL l56} p7\5g, k9]/ cfk"mnfO{
tof/ u5{g, of]hgf agfp5g\ /
sfuhdf btf{{ u/fP/ cfk"mnfO{ cfpg]
lbgsf] nflu tof/ u5{g\ . xf], cfd
dflg; eGbf klxnf g} sfd z'?
ul/lbG5g\ . yf]d; h]km/;gn] eGg]
uy{,] æ;'on { ] slxNo} dnfO{ cf]5ofgdf
;dfpg ;s]g .Æ s]xL jif{ klxnf d]/f]
Ps ;]ldgf/df Ps dlxnfn] dnfO{
l56} p7\bf x'g] rdTsf/sf] af/]df
atfPsL lyO{g . pgn] atfO{g, pgL
l56} ;'t/] ljxfg rf/ah] g} p7\lyg\ .
To;kl5 ljxfg ;ft cf7 ah];Dd
cfwf lbgsf] sfd a/fa/ sfd ug{]
uly{g, cfd dflg;sf] sfd z'?jft
x'g' cufa} . w]/} ;do lat]sf] 5}g
pgL cfˆgf] ;xsdL{n] eGbf b'O{u'0ff
sfd u/]/ b'Ou{ 0' ff tna lng yflng\ .
pgnfO{ nuftf/ pGglt ldNb} uof] /
c?n] eGbf w]/} sfd u/]sf] sf/0fn]
w]/} kfl/>lds klg lbO{of] .
;kmn dflg; l56} p7\g] afgL
a;fpF5g\ ;+Dejtof 5 of ;f9] 5
ah];Dd, sof} k6s of] eGbf klg
klxnf, km] / L tTsfn sfd z' ?
ul/lbG5g\ . o;n] pgLx¿sf]
lbge/sf] sfdnfO{ hf]8\bf/ ;xof]u
ldN5 . csf{]lt/ Ps cf};t AolQm
laxfg p7]/ sfd z'? ug{dfg} Psfw
306f nufO{ lbG5 . To;kl5 p sfd
ug{df klg OR5f JoQm ub{g} , n+rsf]
af/]df ;f]r]/ of ;fFemdf clkm;af6
kms{]/ s] ug{] eGb} ;f]r]/ a:5 . ha
tkfO{+sf] cnfd{ aH5, ta tTsfn
p7\g; ' / ;Lwf sfddf nfUg'; . sfd
z'? ug{; ' . l56} p7\g] afgL a;fpg';\
/ ;a}eGbf klxnf dxTjk"0f{ sfd
;sfpg';\ . of] afgL tkfO{n + fO{ ;kmntf
lbnfpg] vfnsf] ;a} afgLeGbf
dxTjk"0f{ ;flat x'g]5 .
cfk" m nfO{ ct' n lgo agfpg' ; \
af]sf /]6g, ˆnf]l/8fdf sfd ug{]
Ps ;]q]m6/Ln] d]/f] Ps ;]ldgf/sf]
;dodf Ps /f]rs 36gf atfP .
pgn] JolQmut pknlAwdf d]/f] Ps
cl8of] k|f]u|fd ;'g]sf lyP . kl/0ffd
:j¿k, pgn] cfˆgf] tfhf sdfO{,
kGw| ;o 8n/ x/ dlxgf, Ps jif{
leq b'O{ u'0ff ug{] km};nf u/] . pgn]
dnfO{ eg] pgnfO{ of] ljZjf; klg
lyPg, of] ;+ e j 5 lsgsL p
;]qm] 6/Lsf] Ps o:tf] ;d'xdf lyP
hxfF tna lglZrt lyof] . x/ sf]xLn]
oxL tna kfpFy] . t/ klg pgn]
cfˆgf] af];sf] nflu w]/} pkof]uL af6f]
vf]Hg z'? u/] . pgn] kfP cfˆgf]
;dfGo lr7\7L ;'Nemfpgdf g} pgL
w]/} ;do lbGy] . Pslbg pgn] pgsf]
k'/f lr7\7L hDdf u/]/ ;a}sf] hjfkm
n]v] . To;kl5 pgn] lt kq hfFRg /
;'wf/ ug{sf] nflu af];sf]df lnP/
uP . pgsf] sfd b]v/ af]; k|;Gg
eP / pgn] pgnfO{ oxL sfd c?
w]/} ug{ k|f]T;flxt u/] . l56} pgL
cfˆgf] af];sf] gAAf] k|ltzt lr7\7L
;DxfNg yfn] . af];n] Ps lbg of]
s'/f dx;'; klg u/] .
dflg;nfO{ /fd| f ] ;] j f lbg' ; \
x/ sfd ;d:of ;'Nemfpg] / c?sf]
cfjZostf k'/f ug{] Ps df}sf xf] .
lsgsL dflg;sf] ;d:of / h?/t
cl;ldt 5, o;}n] tkfO{+n] of]Uotf
;flat ug{] d}Ffsf klg v'a kfO/xg'
x'G5 . efUosf] x/ 9f]sf, dflg;nfO{
s'g} g s'g} k|sf/n] /fd|f] ;]jf lbg]
;f]rsf ;fy v'N5 . nueu ;a}
Jofkf/L, hf] s'g} ;kmn sDkgL
agfpF5g\, ltgLx¿n] klxnf klg c?
s'g} sDklgdf sfd ul/;s]sf x'G5g\,
hxfF pgLx¿n] x/ ;do cfk"mnfO{
sDkgLsf] nflu w]/} pkof]uL ;flat
ug{] t/Lsf lg/Gt/ vf]h] xf]nfg\ .
wg hDDff ug{sf] nflu, h?/L
cfwf/e"t s'/f x'g\, ;do / 1fg .
tkfO{+n] cfˆgf] hfgsf/L / 1fgnfO{
lg/Gt/ a9fO{ /xg' k5{, tfls tkfO{+
h'g sfd ul//xg' ePsf] 5 Tof] c?
/fd|f] xf];\ . nueu rf/;o jif{eGbf
klg klxnf, k|mfFl;; a]sgn] eg]sf
lyP 1fg g} zlQm xf] . t/ of]
c+ztM;xL 5 ha 1fg nfO{ s'g} /fd|f]
sfddf nufO{G5 eg] ta Tof] zlQm
sxlnG5 . tkfO{+sf] sfd o:tf] 1fg
k|fKt ug{' xf], h;n] tkfO{s+ f] sfdnfO{
w]/} t]h / /fd|f] atfpg ;sf];\ .
6]S:ff;df Pp6f egfO{ k|Voft 5,
æPs n8fO{df s's'/sf] cfsf/n] s'g}
km/s kfb{}g, km/s of] s'/fn] kfb{5
sL s's'/ slt 7'nf] n8fO{df km;]sf]
5, ædxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] x}g eg] tkfO{n+ ]
slt 306f sfd ug{'eof], dxTjsf]
s'/f xf], tkfO{+n] tL 306fdf sfd
/fd|f] agfpgsf] nflu slt ;do
lbg' eof] . tkfO{+sf] ;kmntf of]
s'/fdf lge{/ 5, Ps sd{rf/L of
Ps dflnssf] x}l;otn] sDkgLsf]
dhb' / of sDkgLsf] dflnssf]
x}l;otn] tkfO{+ cfˆgf] jt{dfgsf]
sfdnfO{ sDkgLsf] nflu slt /fd|f]
tl/sfn] ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 . o;}n]
tkfO{+sf] sdfO{ / tkfO{+sf] cfly{s
eljionfO{ lgwf{l/t u5{ .
sfdnfO{ d' N ojfg agfpg' ; \
cfd efiffdf eGg] xf] eg] ;kmn
dflg;sf] pTkfbg Ifdtf c;kmn
dflg;sf] eGbf w]/} x'G5 . ;kmn
dflg;sf] afgL /fd|f] x'G5 . pgLx¿
7"nf] ;kgf b]V5g\ . pgLx¿ lnlvt
nIosf ;fy sfd u5{g . pgLx¿
ToxL sfd u5{g h'g pgLx¿nfO{
dg k5{ / /fd|f] eGbf /fd|f] x'gsf]
nflu ;t\ t k| o f; ul//xG5g .
pgLx¿ cfˆgf] g};uL{s Ifdtfsf]
k' / f k| o f] u u5{ g . pgLx¿
sDkgLsf] nIo k|fKt ug{ sf] nflu
/ ;d:of ;'Nemfpg] tf}/ tl/sfdf
lg/Gt/ larf/ dGyg ul//xG5g\ .
cfˆgf] ;dosf] Ps ldg6sf] k|of]u
w] / } kl/0ffdsf] nflu ug{ d f
pgLx¿sf] k'/f Wofg s]lGb|t x'G5 .
of] ;a}eGbf w]/}, pgLx¿ cfˆgf]
sfdnfO{ rfx] Tof] h'g;'s} xf];, /fd|f]
agfpg] df}sf cfˆgf] rf/}lt/ vf]lh
/xG5g\ . pgLx¿df k'j{;f]rsf ;fy
x/ sfd l56f] ;Ssfpg] efj x'G5 .
pgLx¿ sfdsf] k'/f ;do a; sfdg}
u5{g . pgLx¿ pGgtL ug{] ;f]rnfO{
lasl;t agfP/ klg /fV5g\ .
kl/0ffd s] x'G5 eg] l56} pgLx¿
s:tf] aG5g\ eg] pgLx¿nfO{ /f]Sg
;Sg' s;}sf] a;sf] s'/f x}g .
Tof] dxfg\ jf:tljstf
æcfk"m4f/f lgwf{l/t s'g} nIo
k|fKt ug{sf] nflu tkfO{+ x/ Tof] s'/f
æ;f]r abnf},“ lhGbuL abnf}Æ“
l;Sg ;Sg'xG' 5, h'g tkfO{n + ] l;Sg'
kg{] xf] .Æ of] l;4fGtn] tkfO{n
+ fO{ Ps
o:tf] af6f] b]vfpg] 5 hxfF tkfO{+
cfˆgf] eljiodf k'/f ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 .
ldng cfkmGt
ha d o'jf lyPF / ;+3if{df h'6]sf]
lyPF, xf/ / xtfzfsf] ;dosf of]
l;4fGtn] d]/f] lhGbuL ablnlbof] .
cfd efiffdf s'/f ug{] xf] eg] tkfO{+
eGbf w]/} a'l4dfg sf]xL 5}g /
tkfO{+eGbf pTs[i6 klg sf]xL 5}g .
sf]xL tkfO{+ eGbf /fd|f] l:yltdf 5
o;sf] dtna s] x}g eg] p tkfO{+
eGbf pTs[i6 5 . o;sf] dtna
s]an olt g} xf], tkfO{s + f] If]qdf ;kmn
x'gsf] nflu h?/L s'/f p;n] tkfO{n
eGbf klxnf hfg]sf] 5 . h'g c?n]
u/]sf] 5, Tof] tkfO{+ ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 .
o;sf] s'g} ;Ldf 5}g .
of] lgod ;lhnf] 5}g, xf] lglZrt
;fbuLk"0f{ 5 . tkfO{+ klg cfk"m4f/f,
cfˆgf] nflu lgwf{l/t nIo k|fKt ug{sf
nflu h?/L s'g} s'/f l;SGf ;Sg' x'G5 .
of] ;f]rnfO{ Ps ks l;s]kl5, dnfO{
gf]s/L / sxfF;DDf eg] sfo{If]q g}
abNgdf s'g} 8/ ePg . d}n] l;s]
lj1fkg, nufgL, c6f]df]afOn /
clkm;sf] ;fdfu|L s;/L a]lrG5 . d}n]
l/on O:6]6 ;]N; / nLlh+u / l/on
O:6] 6 8] e nkd] G 6sf] sfd u/] .
To;kl5 d}n] cfoft, lat/0f a}+lsË,
lk|G6LË ;+efif0f, n]vg, /]sl8+u /
sfkf]{/]6 6]«lg+usf] sfd ckgfPF .
h] h?/L 5, Tof] l;Sg';\
x/]s k6s, ha d s'g} gofF
sfddf nfUy] ta d}n] Tof] sfd;Fu
;DAflGwt x/ s'/f l;s]/ l56f] eGbf
l56f] nfu' ug{] sf]l;; u/] . klxnf,
d :yfgLo nfOa|]/Laf6 To; af/]sf]
lstfa Nofpg] uy{] . km]/L d}n] lstfa
lsg]/ cfˆgf] nfOa|]/L agfPF . Tof]
ljifo;FUf ;DAflGwt x/;+ej cl8of]
Sof;]6 lsg]/ ;'g] / x/ l;d]gf/df
pkl:yt ePF .
ha d]/f] pd]/ #! Jfif{sf] eof]
ta d}n] k9fO{ ;Fu} cfk"mnfO{ tof/
u/]/ Pp6f 7'nf] o'gLel;{6Lsf] k|jz
kl/Iff lbPF . Ps ljhg]; l8u|L k|fKt
ug{sf] nflu d}n] k9fO{df xhf/f}+ 306f
nufgL u/]+ . d}n] dfOqmf] / d]qmf]Osf]
gf]ldS;, :6]l6l:6S;, Tof]/L ckm
k| f ] J ofjln6L k| j Gwg, lj1fg /
PsfplG6+usf] cWoog Wofg k"j{s
u/]F . d}n] dfs{]l6Ë, Dofg]hd]G6,
P8ldlg:6«z ] g / :6«6] l] hs Knflgu+sf]
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
cWoog u/] . d}n] l;Sg] snf ckgfPF .
Tof] 7"nf] /x:o
dnfO{ nfUof], d tL dflg; dWo]
Ps lyPF h;nfO{ s] s'/f w]/} l9nf]
yfxf ePsf] lyof] eg] eljio ;dw'/
agfpgsf] jnflu l;Sg h?/L 5 .
of] s'/f yfxf kfP/ / b]v]/ dnfO{ w]/}
crDDf nfUof] , d] / f] j/Lk/Lsf
dfgL;df, w]/} sd dflg;n] Tof]
elg/x]sf] lyP, h'g d ul//x]sf] lyPF .
pgLx¿ dWo] w]/}h;f] dflg; of]
:jLsf/ uy{] ls yf]/f]sf] zAbdf,
æpgLx¿ w]/} xtfzfdf el/Psf] hLjg
afFlr/x]sf lyP .Æ pgLx¿ o:tf] sfd
ul//x]sf lyP h'g pgLx¿nfO{ dg
kb{}gYof], cfˆgf] of]Uotf eGbf sd
tna kfO/x]sf lyP, o:tf] gftfdf
cNem]sf lyP h'g pgLx¿nfO{ dg
kl//x]sf] lyPg / o:tf] lhGbuL
afFlr/x]sf lyP hxfF pgLx¿nfO{
clnslt klg ;Gtf]if lyPg . d}n]
x/ ;a}nfO{ atfpg] sf];L; u/], aflx/
lg:sgsf] nflu pgLx¿n] p7\g] k' g{]
5 . d}n] x¿ Tof] dflg;nfO{, h'g
;'Gg rfxfGy], atfPF, pgLx¿ cfk"m4f/f
lglZRfTf ul//x]sf] s'g} klg NfIo k|fKt
ug{sf] nflu h?/L s'g} klg sfd
l;Sg ;S5g\ . o;sf] s'g} ;do ;Ldf
+ ] lyPg . t/ ;fob w]/} sd dflg;n]
d]/f] s'/f ;'g] .
tkfO{+ lhDd]bf/ x'g' x'G5
d] / f] lhGbuLdf klxnf] 7' n f]
abnfa ta cfof], ha dnfO{ s]
s'/fsf] cg'e'lt eof] eg] d cfˆgf]
nflu lgwf{l/t s'g} klg nIo k|fKt
ug{sf]nflu h?/L s'g} klg s'/f l;Sg
;S5' . bf];f| ] 7'nf] ;kmntf ta ldNof]
ha dnfO{ s] cg'ej eof] eg] cfˆgf]]
nflu c? s]xL gug{] jfnf . olb d
s'g} s'/f rfxG5' eg] of] ddf g} lge{/
5 ls d Tof] k|fKt ug{sf] nflu h]
h?/L x'G5 Tof] u?F . olb d]/f] s'g}
;d:of of jfWotf 5 eg] of] ddf g}
lge{/ 5, To;nfO{ ;dfwfg u/f}F . d
cfkm}df lge{/ 5' .
cfˆgf] lhGbuLsf] nflu lghL
lhDd]bf/L :jLsf/ ug{' g} jfNosfn
b]lv kl/kSjtfsf 7"nf] kfOnf /fVg'
xf] . of] km};nf4f/f klxnf, dflg;
cfˆgf] ;d:ofsf] nflu c?sf]
cfnf]rgf, u'gf;f] u/]/ pgLx¿nfO{
g} lhDDf]bf/ 7x¥ofpF5 . of] km};nf
kl5, pgLx¿ cfkm} n fO{ cfˆgf]
lhGbuLsf] nflu lhDd]bf/ ;a}eGbf
dxTjk"0f{ zlQmsf] ¿kdf x]g{ yfN5g\ .
cfˆgf] lhGbuLsf] k"0f{ lhDDf]jf/L
:jLsf/ ug{e' Gbf klxnf tkfO{+ cfk"mnfO{
kl/l:yltsf] lzsf/ dfGg' x'G5 . olb,
tkfO{+ cfk"mnfO{ Ps lah]tfsf] ¿kdf
] x]g{ YffNg' x'G5 .
;a} s f] sf/0f lbdfu g} xf]
Df]/f] lhGbuLsf] t];|f] 7"nf] df]8
Tof] ;dodf cfof] ha d}n] yfxf kfPF,
;a} s'/fsf] sf/0f lbdfu xf] . cfˆgf]
ef}lts hutdf tkfO{+ h] klg aGg
;Sg' x' G 5, o;sf] z' ? jft s' g }
larf/af6} x'G5 olb tkfO{+n] aflx/
s'g} kl/jt{g Nofpg' 5 eg] klxnf
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
tkfO{+n] cfk"mleq kl/jt{g Nofpg'
k5{ . of] d]/f] nflu ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
vf]h lyof] .
TfkfO{ larf/sf] cgj/t k|jfx /
cfˆgf] lbdfudf /x]sf] 5ljsf] dfWodn]
cfˆgf] b'lgofF lgdf{0f ug{' x'G5 . cfˆgf]
lbdfusf] jt{dfg larf/af6} tkfO{+
cfˆgf] eljio lgwf{/0f ug{' x'G5 .
tkfO{s + f] jl/kl/sf] s'/fsf], Tof] afx]s
c? s'g} klg cy{ 5}g, h'g tkfO{s + f]
of] ;Fu hf]l8Psf] efjgf / ;f]rsf]
sf/0f xf] . z]S;lko/n] x]dn]6df
eg]sf klg 5g\, æs'g} klg s'/f /fd|f]
of g/fd|f] x'bg} , t/ ljrf/n] To;nfo{
To:tf] agfO{ lbG5 .Æ
Wff/0ffsf] lgod
ofb /fVg';, tkfO{+sf] h] wf/0ff
x'G5, efjgf;Fu, tkfO{+sf] nflu
a:tljstf aG5 . hlt tkfO{+sf]
wf/0ff alnof] x'G5, Tolt g} tkfO{+sf]
efjgf hf]l8g] 5, To;sf] tkfO{+sf]
Jojxf/ / tkfO{+sf] hLjgdf 36\g]
x/ s'/fdf Tolt g} w]/} k|efj kg{]
5 . olb tkfO{+sf] oxL wf/0ff 5,
tkfO{+n] ;kmn x'g' g} 5] / rfx] h]
xf];\ tkfO{+ o;df c6n /xg' x'g]5
ta b'lgofFdf s'g} o:tf] s'/f 5}g,
h:n] tkfO{+nfO{ hf]8bf/ ;kmntf
k|fKt ug{af6 /f]SGf ;sf]; .
olb tkfO{n + fO{ ljZjf; 5 ls tkfO{+
w]/} of]Uotf ePsf] Ps /fd|f] dflg;
xf] / tkfO{+ lhGbuLdf s]xL vf; u/]/
hfg' x'g]5 . ta tkfO{+sf] x/ sfddf
o;sf] emns b]lvg]5 / cGttM oxL
tkfO{s + f] jf:tljstf aG5 . tkfO{s + f]
cfk"mk|lt ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lhDd]bf/L
oxL tkfO{+sf] af:tljstf aG5 .
tkfO{+sf] cfk"mk|lt ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
lhDd]bf/L oxL xf] ls tkfO{+ cfk"m
leqsf] wf/0ff abNg';\ tfsL o;n]
tkfO{+sf] cfzf / aflx/L b'lgoFFfsf]
cfsfFIff;Fu d]n vfcf];\ .
tkfO{+ cfˆgf] sfd b]v]/ yfxf
kfpg ;Sg'xG' 5 ls tkfOsf] w/0ff s]
xf] . tkfO{s + f] ;fFrf] hLjg d'Nosf] bz{g
tkfO{+sf] sfddf x'G5 . tkfO{+ aflx/L
b'lgofFdf o:t} Jojxf/ ug{' x'G5, h:tf]
tkfO{+ leq} b]lv x'Gf'x'G5 / h] tkfO{+
dg} b]lv :jLsf/ ug{' x'G5 . cfˆgf]
af:tljs wf/0ff yfxf kfpg] ;a}eGbf
/fd|f] t/Lsf xf], l/;, larlnt x'g] of
bjfjsf] If0fdf cfˆgf] Jojxf/ x]g; '{ .
oxL ;do x'G5 ha Tof] aflx/ cfpF5 .
6]/;]+ n]V5g\, æ kl/l:yltn] s'g} dflg;
agfpFbg} , To;n] dflg;nfO{ cfkm};uF
kl/lrt u/fpF5,Æ-c?nfO{ klg Û _
kl/jt{gsf] lgod ( Law of
change) sf] k|of]u u/]/, tkfO{+
cfk"mleq tL d'No, wf/0ff / u'0fsf]
ljsf; ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 h'g tkfO{+ w]/}
rfxg' x'G5 . tkfO{+ kl/l:yltsf]
cfjZostf cg';f/, o:tf] Jojxf/
ug{ z'? ug{; ' dfg+f} tkfO{;
klxnf b]lv g} 5 . ;fx; ljsl;t
+ uF of] ;a
ug{sf] nflu, ;fxfl;s sfd ug{ rfx]
tkfO{+nfO{ leq}b]lv 8/ nflu/x]sf]
xf];\ . ljZj;lgotf ljsl;t ug{sf]
nflu k'/f OdfGbf/Lsf ;fy af]Ng';\
/ sfd ug{ ' ; \ , rfx] tkfO{ + n fO{
nflu/x]sf] xf];,\ tkfO{+ ;fFrf] af]ln/xg'
ePsf] 5 of ;lhnf] af6f] ckgfO{/xg'
ePsf] 5 . l56} tkfO{+sf] wf/0ff,
tkfO{+sf] Jojxf/ b]lvg yfNg] 5 /
tkfO{+sf] Jojxf/af6 tkfO{+sf] wf/0ff
yfxf x'g5 ] .
cfkm} ; Fu ;sf/fTds cfzf
;kmn, v';L dflg; nuftf/
cfˆgf] af/]df ;sf/fTds cfzfsf]
Jojxf/ agfO{ /fV5g\ . pgLx¿ z'?
b]lv g} ;kmn x'g] ;f]r /fVb5g\ /
o;}n] slxn] sfxL lg/fz x'G5g\ .
pgLx¿ 3f6f eGbf w]/} ljqmLaf6
sdfpF5g\ . pgLx¿ x/ cg'ejaf6
s]lx g s]lx d'Nojfg l;S5g\ . pgLx¿
cflv/ cfˆgf] nIo k|fKt ug{] cfzf
/fV5g / pgLx¿ x/ k|sf/n] tL nIo
k| f Kt ug{ s f] nflu cfˆgf] lbnf]
lbdfusf] 9f] s f x/ ;do v' n f
/fVb5g\ .
Efljiosf] af/]df cg'dfg nufpg]
;a} eGbf /fd| f ] tl/sf To;sf]
lgdf{0fdf cfˆgf] ;sf/fTds of
gsf/fTds ;f]raf6} u5{g . olb
tkfO{+ x/ kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf, Tof]
af6 s]xL l;Sgsf] nflu ug{' x'G5 eg]
tkfO{+ pGgtL u/]/ cfˆgf] nIolt/
a9\g hf/L /fVg' x'G5 . tkfO{+ Ps
v';L, cfzfafbL dflg; aGg' x'g]5 .
o:tf] dflg;, h;nfO{ dflg; cfk"m;Fu
/fVg / p;sf] dbt ug{ rfxG5g\ .
cfsif{ s sf] lgod
cfsif{0fsf] lgod, sof}F dflg;sf]
larf/df ;kmntf / c;kmntf b'as } f]
¿kdf ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . of]
lgodn] eG5, tkfO{+ æPs hLjGt
r'Das xf]Æ/ tkfO{+ cflv/ sf/ dflg;
/ cfˆgf] lhGbuLsf] kl/l:yltnfO{
cfˆgf] a+zdf ug{' x'G5 . tkfO{+ To;sf]
;fydf cfˆgf] bdbf/ larf/sf]
dfWodn] tfnd] n a;fpg' x' G 5,
vf;u/L tL ljrf/;Fu h;df tkfO{+
efjgfTds ¿kdf hf]l8g' ePsf]
x'G5 . of] lgod of k|sl[ tsf] zlQmsf]
sf/0fn] xf], tkfO{+ dgdg} dgkg{]
s'/fsf] af/]df hlt w]/} ;f]Rg' x'G5,
Tolt Tof] k| f Kt ug{ ] ljifodf
pT;flxt /xg' x'G5 . tkfO{+{ w]/}
pT;flxt / b[9 x'g' x'g]5, tkfO{+
Tof] nIonfO{ cfˆgf] lhGbuL lt/
7Ls To;/L g} cfslif{t ug{' x'g]5,
h;/L s'g} r'DAfsn] kmnfdsf] j:t'
cfk"mlt/ tfG5 .
;fj{hlgs
:yfgdf
w"d|kfg u/]df
sfg'gL
sf/jfxLdf
kl/G5 .
 @)&( ;fn c;f]h @ ut] cfOtaf/
cf7f}+ dxflwj]zgsf ;+Zn]if0f / To;sf] k|of]u
e" l dsf
xd|f] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
oltv]/ gjf} dxflwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf
h'6L /x]sf]5 . cf7f}+ dxflwj]zg
;DkGg ePsf] ;f9] kfFr jif{x?
/fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltdf s]xL
dxTjk"0f{ kl/jt{gx? ePsf 5g\ .
kf6L{åf/f g]tT[ j ul/Psf] ju{;3+ if{ tyf
cGt/kf6L{ ;+3if{df klg s]xL gofF
qmdeFux? ePsf5g\ . oL /fli6«o /
cGt/f{ l i6« o kl/l:yltdf h]
kl/jt{gx? b]lvPsf5g\, To;n] xfd|f]
kf6L{sf] cf7f}+ dxflwj]zgsf cg'dfg
/ ;F Z n] i f0fx?nfO{ ;xL ;fljt
u/]sf]5 . of] ;fgf] cfn]vdf jt{dfg
kl/:yLlt, cf7f} + dxflwj] z gsf
;FZn]if0fx? ltgsf] sfof{Gjog /
;FZn]lift ljrf/sf] ljsf;sf jf/]df
;FlIfKt rrf{ ug]{ sf]lz; ul/Psf]5 .
!_ jt{ d fg kl/:yLlt jf/]
nfdf] ;dob]lv sfod /x]sf]
Psw| ' l jo ljZj Jofj:yf cfh
jx' w | ' j df ljsf; x' F b }
cGt/;fd|fHojfbL cGt/lj/f]wdf
r/d ?kdf JoQm ePsf]5 . Psflt/
cd]l/sf, j]nfot, k|mfG;, hd{gL,
Oh/fon h:tf d'n'sx? cfkmgf]
;fd|fHojfbL jr{:j sfod /fVg hf]/
h'n'dsf ;fy nflu /x]sf5g\ eg]
csf] { t km{ ?;, rLg, sf] l /of,
O/fgnufotsf zlQmzfnL d'n'sx?
ljkl/t w|j' sf] g]tT[ j ul//x]sf 5g\ .
/lzof–o'qm]g o'4 ?kdf b]lvP klg
;f/df Tof] gf6f], cd]l/sf, o'/f]k /
/lzof ljrsf] o'4xf] . lsgls gf6f],
cd] l /sf / o' / f] k ] n L d' n ' s x?n]
o'qm]gnfO{ cfw'lgs k|ljlw;lxtsf] ;}Go
;xof]u ul//x]sf5g\ . ptf rLg–
tfO{jfg cGt/lj/f]w klg r/d ljGb'df
k'us] f]5 . cd]l/sL pS;fx6sf sf/0f
Toxf klg o'4 glhs k'us ] f]5 . k"jL{
Plzofdf pt/ sf]l/of–blIf0f sf]l/of
/ hfkfgjLrsf] tgfj, tyf 6ls{–
lzl/of, Oh/fon–O/fg jLrsf
tgfjx? ljsl;t x'b} u}/x]sf 5g\ .
s]xL dlxgf cl3 O/fgsf /]e'n]Zg/L
uf8{sf sdf08/ ;'nd ] fgLsf] cd]l/sL
;]gfsf] 8«fg] xdnf k/L d[To' ePsf]5 .
oL ;j} cGt/;fd| f HojfbL
cGt/lj/f] w n] t] ; | f ] ljZjo' 4 sf]
;FefjgfnfO{ glhs tfgL /x]sf]5 .
k'h
F LjfbL ljZj Jofj:yfsf] clgjfo{
kl/0ffdsf jf/]df b]vf kg]{ wgL /
ul/jjLrsf] vf8n Jofks ?kdf j[l4
eO{/x]sf]5 . otf b]zdf klg bnfn
;F;lbo Jofj:yf / >lds hgtf
ljrsf] cGt{ l j/f] w ltj| jg] /
uO/x]sf]5 . /fli6«o C0f, Jofkf/ 3f6f
;jf{lws prfOdf k'us ] f]5 . e|i6frf/,
sfnfjhf/L, t:s/L, ;fdfhLs ljs[lt
/ lj;Fult clgoGqLt ?kdf ljsf;
e}/x]sf 5g\ . lzIff, :jf:Yosf] If]qdf
dflkmofs/0f, j]/f]huf/ >dzlQmsf]
j9f]t/L, j}b]lzs x:tIf]kcGt{ut
Pdl;;L, P;lkkL ;Femf}tf yf]kl/g'
cflb cfhsf] /fli6«o kl/l:yltsf
tYox? x'g . oL ;d:ofx? cfhdfq
ljsl;t ePsf xf]Ogg\ j? tL lgs}
klxnfb]lv ljwdfg ;d:ofx? x'g hf]
s]jn cfh;Dd cfpbf s]jn j[l4
dfq e}/x]sf 5g\ . xfd|f] kf6L{n]
jt{dfgdf ljsl;t eO{/x]sf oL tdfd
;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbL ;tfsf] :yfkgf jf6 dfq
x'g] lgisif{sf ;fy cfkmgf ljrf/,
sfo{lbzf, sfo{gLlt, sfo{qmdx?
ljsl;t ub}{ cufl8 jl9/x]sf]5 .
kf6L{åf/f cufl8 ;fl/Psf tL ljrf/,
sfo{lbzf, sfo{gLlt, sfo{qmdx?sf]
sfof{Gjogsf ;Gbe{df cf7f}+ dxflwj]zg
otf ;DkGg ul/Psf sfdx?nfO{
;FlIfKt ?kdf lgDgfg';f/ cWog ug{'
tYok/s / j:t'jfbL x'g5 ] .
@ _ dfn] d fjfbL ljrf/–
sfo{ l bzfsf] gof“ ;FZn] i f0f
xfd|f] kf6L{n] dfn]dfjfbL lj1fgsf]
ljsf;sf] cefjdf j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbL–;fDojfbL qmflGtsf] ljho
/ /Iff x'g g;Sg] lgisif{sf ;fy
kf6L{sf] k"0f{u7g otf 5nkmn ub}{
cf7f}+ dxflwj]zg jf6 gofF ljrf/x?
cufl8 ;f/]sf]5 . h:tf] ls M
bz{ g sf] If] q df
s_ ljsl;t j:t'sf] /Iff, k|of]u /
ljsf;,
v_ ;jlu{o ljrsf] Pstf / ;+3if{,
u_ k| s [ l t lj1fgdf ePsf
ljsf;x?sf] bfz{gLlss/0f .
cy{ z f:qsf] If] q df
s_ bnfn k'FhLjfb / g]kfnL hgtf
ljrsf] k|wfg cGt{lj/f]w,
v_ ;fd|fHojfbsf] pt/ ;fd|fHojfbdf
ljsf; ePsf] lgisif{,
u_ sDo'lgi6 cy{k|0fnL .
j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfb
s_ g] k fnL qmflGtsf] sfo{ l bzf
PsLs[t hgqmflGt,
v_ PsLs[t hgqmflGt dfkm{t :yfkgf
x'g] ;tf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb,
u_ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{jf/] .
s_ljrf/–sfo{lbzf
;FZn] i f0fsf] k[ i 7e" l d
k'h
F LjfbL ljsf;sf] e"d08nLs[t
:j?k, qmflGt / k| l tqmflGtsf
dxTjk"0f{ lzIffx?, e"d08nLs[t
k' F h Ljfbåf/f sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ /
;dfhjfbL ;tfsf lj?4 ljsf;
ul/Psf] ljrf/, sDo' l gi6
cy{/fhgLlt, tyf ;Fu7gsf] lgdf{0f
/ k|of]u, hgo'4sf g]t[Tjx?df b]vf
k/]sf] csNklgo wf]sf / u2f/L .
v_ l j r f / ÷ s f o { l b z f
;FZn] i f0fsf] p2] Z o
j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL qmflGt
;DkGg ug{, j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL
;tfsf] /Iff / ljsf; ub}{ l;Fuf] dfgj
hftLnfO{ j} 1 flgs ;fDojfbdf
k'¥ofpg, e"d08nLs[t k'FhLjfbsf]
lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ / ljho xf;Ln ug{,
;j} vfn] 5b\ d cj;/jfbL
sDo'lgi6sf lj?4 ;+3if{ ub}{ sDo'lgi6
ljrf/sf] >]i7tf sfod ug{,
u _ ljrf/÷sfolbzf sf
ljz] i ftfx?
gu/ ;dfhsf] ljsf;, gofF
>lds ju{sf] pbo, lj1fg–k|ljlwsf]
ljsf;, g]kfnL ;dfhsf] jgf]6,
b]zelQm zlQmsf] k|efj, e"kl/j]li7t
d'ns ' , bnfn k'h F Ljfb / g]kfnL hgtf
ljrsf] cGt/lj/f]w .
3_ l j r f / ÷ s f o { l b z f s f ]
ue{ w f/0f / hGd
lj;F @)^%–^^ b]lv kf6L{df b]vf
k/]sf tdfd ;D:ofx? lj?4sf]
;+3if{df ue{wf/0f, lj;F @)^(–&)
lt/ cfsf/ u|x0f, @)&! kf}ifdf
;DkGg k|yd /fli6«o ;Dd]ngåf/f
o;sf] hGd, lj;F @)&# sf] cf7f}+
/fli6«o dxflwj]zgjf6 ;'–:ki6 ofqf .
ª_ ljrf/÷sfo{lbzfsf] k|of]usf]
:j?k
ufFp / zx/nfO{ Plss[t ug]{,
>lds ju{– / /fli6«o k'FhLklt
ju{nfO{ Plss[t ug],{ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
/ /fi6«jfbL zlQmnfO{ Plss[t ug]{,
/fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o kl/:yLltnfO{
Plss[t ug],{ j}wflgs / cj}wflgs
sfdnfO{ Plss[t ug]{, Oltxf;sf
lzIff / jt{dfgsf oyfy{x?nfO{
Plss[t ug]{, kf6L{ / hgtfnfO{
Plss[t ug]{ .
r_ ljrf/÷sfo{lbzfsf] k|of]usf]
z[ ª vnf
j} b ] l zs x:tIf] k / ;F ; lbo
Jofj:yfsf] e08fkmf]/ / hg;+3if{–
lj;F @)&#—@)&%, j}bl] zs x:tIf]k,
;F;lbo Jofj:yfsf] e08fkmf]/ /
hgk| l t/f] w lj;F @)&%—@)&&,
j}bl] zs x:tIf]k, ;F;lbo Jofj:yfsf]
e08fkmf] / , hg;+ 3 if{ tyf
hgkl/rfng lj;F @)&& b] v L
xfn;Dd . o; ljrdf kf6L{åf/f
cfof]hLt /fhg}lts–j}rfl/s sfd,
;Fu7gfTds sfd, cfly{s–pTkfbgsf
sfd, /fli6«o :jflwgtf tyf e|i6frf/,
dxFuL, s/5nL, ;fdfhLs ljs[lt /
lj;Fultsf lj?4 ;+3if{, ;fF:s[lts
cleofg nufotsf ljleGg ljefuLo
sfdx? ;DkGg ul/Psf5g\ .
gofF ljrf/–sfo{lbzfsf] ;FZn]if0f
/ To;sf] k|of]u jf6 ctflnPsf
;fd|fHojfbL tyf bnfn ;F;lbo
Jofj:yfsf dltof/ x?df 7'nf] cftFs
l;h{gf dfq ePg j? o;n] j}1flgs
cd/ emf“qmL du/ ‘;~hLj’
;dfhjfbL–;fDojfbL qmflGtsf] dxfg
ljho cleofg nfO{ cufl8 j9fpg]
s'/f lgZrLt k|fo b]lvPkl5 xfdL
dfly slyt k|ltjGw ;lxt bdg
cleofg ;Frfng u/] h;nfO{ kf6L{sf]
g]t[Tj / cfd hgtfsf] ;xefuLtfdf
lgisfd t'NofO{of] .
#_ slyt k|ltjGw, k|lt/f]w / #
a' “ b ] ;xdlt
cf7f} + dxflwj] z gjf6 dfly
pNn]lvt ljrf/–sfo{lbzfsf] ;FZn]if0f
/ ltgsf] k| o f] u af6 ctflnPsf
;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] of]hgf / lgb]z { gdf
cfk"mnfO{ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ jtfpg]
;sdfhLs kmf;LjfbL s]kL cf]nL
g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] xfd|f] kf6L{sf lj?4
slyt k|ltjGwsf] 3f]if0ff u/of] . /fhf
1fg]Gb|sf] ;Fs6sfn lj;f{pg] slyt
k|ltjGw / bdg cleofg sf] xfd|f]
kf6L{n] 86]/ d'sfljnf u/of] . /fHosf
tLgj6} ;'/Iff ;FoGqsf] Plss[t
kl/rfn / /fHo cftFs, ljleGg P]g–
lgodx?sf] lgdf{ 0 f / tLgsf]
sfof{Gjog ;lxt o:tf] pbL{ hf/L
ul/of] ls g]skfnfO{ Ps dlxgfsf]
;dol;dfleq k"0f{t lgit]h ul/g]5 .
g]skf / o;sf g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{
;xof]u ug]{ JolQm tyf ;F:yfx?nfO{
k|x/Ln] ljgf k'hL{ 5 dlxgf;Dd
lx/fztdf /fv] / cg' ; Gwfg ug{
kfpg]5 cflb . o;aLrdf ;nf{xL
lhNnfsf ;]qm]6/L sd/]8 s'df/
kf}8]nnfO{ lu/kmtf/ ul/ slyt
OGsfpG6/sf] gfddf oftgf;lxt uf]nL
xfg] / xTof ul/of] . ef] h k' /
;b/d'sfddf ;f]n' lhNnfsf ;]qm]6/L
sd/]8 gL/s'df/ /fO{nfO{ uf]nL xfg]/
xTof ul/of] eg] ;f]xL lhNnfsf] o'jf
;Fu7g g]kfnsf lhNnf cWoIf lty{
/fO{nfO{ lu/k\mtf/ u/L oftgf ;lxt
xTof ul/of] . o; ljrdf s]lGb|o
txb]lv :yflgo tx;Dd u/L jfO{;
;oeGbf a9L g]tf–sfo{stf{x?nfO{
lu/k\ m tf/ ul/of] . Oltxf;b] l v
jt{dfg;Ddsf 36gfqmdx?n] ;fljt
u/]sf] 5 ls /fhg}lts lj1fgnfO{
bdgjf6 lgit]h kfg{ ;lsb}g . /fhfsf]
;Fs6sfnsf lj?4df cfuf] cf]s]Nb}
lgit]h kf/]sf xfd|f] cufl8 s]kL
g] t [ T jsf] ;fdflhs kmf;LjfbL
;/sf/sf] k|ltjGw s]xL ;do t /xnf
t/ of] nfdf] ;do hfb}g eg]/ xfd|f]
kf6L{n] u/]sf] cg'dfg ;xL ;fljt x'g
uof] . slyt k|ltjGwsf] kIf / ljkIf
u/L b]z b'O{ efudf ljeQm x'g k'Uof] .
gful/s ;dfh, jf}l4s ju{, Jofkf/L,
g]kfnL ;]gf tyf k|x?Lx?sf e"tk"j{
sdf08/x? x'bF } ljleGg /fhg}lts bn
cem To;df klg ;/sf/df ;xefuL
ePsf bnsf g]tf–sfo{stf{x?n] klg
slyt k|ltjGwsf] lj/f]w u/] . cGttM
k|ltjGwsf] b'O{ jif{ kl5 s]kL cf]nL
g]tT[ j ;/sf/sf] jfWotf / cfjZostf
tyf xfd| f ] kf6L{ s f] ;r] t tf /
cfjZostf sf] k[i7e"lddf tLgj'Fb]
;xdlt x'g k'Uof] . b]z leq ;+3if{/t
kIfx?sf] jLrdf s' g } j} b ] l zs
dWo:ytf ljgf g} 5nkmn / ;xdlt
x'g' Ps lsl;dn] ;sf/fTds kIf xf]
eg] ;xdltsf] x:tfIf/ ;/sf/ /
jt{dfg ;/sf/ tLgj'b] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjogsf] ;jfndf pbf;Lg dfq
xf]Og{ d'n g]tT[ j ;lxt y'k}| g]tf–
sfo{stf{sf] gfddf kqmfpk'FhL{ hf/L
ub}{ ;xdltsf] pNn+3g ug{ k'us ] f]5 .
o; ljifonfO{ ulDe/ rf;f]sf] ?kdf
lnb} cfufdL lbgdf ;+3if{sf] d}bfgjf6
o;sf] km};nf ug{ xfd|f] kf6L{ k|ltj4
/x]sf]5 .
$ _ kf6L{ s f] z' l 4s/0f,
cj;/jfbLx?sf] jlx{ u dg
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ To;df klg jn
k|of]uåf/f /fHo;tfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg
ug]{ dfS;{jfbL l;4fGt lgb]l{ zt xfd|f]
kf6L{ d f lg/Gt/ z' l 4s/0fsf]
cfjZostf kb{5 . cf7f}+ dxflwj]zg
otf sl/j tLg bh{g s]lGb|o txsf
g]tfx? kf6L{sf] qmflGtsf/L ljrf/jf6
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klg k|]/0ff x'g] wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP .
lzau9L ufpFdf bfp/fsf kf]n
uf8]/ pHofnf] Nofpg ;kmn JoflQm,
ufpF ufpFdf ;'4 kLpg] kfgLsf]
Jofj:yf ug]{ pg} hglk|o g]tf la/hª
lyP . cGofo / cTofrf/;Fu k|ltsf/
ug]{ l6dnfO g]tT[ j ug]{ jL/hª g}
lyP . pgsf ;Demg nfos sfdx¿
cglulGt 5g\ . aL/hª v]nf8L;d]t
lyP . hgtfsf] ;w} lrGtf ug]{ ePsf]n]
o; 7fpFsf o'jf, dlxnf, j'l4lhla,
lzIfs, ;a}n] aL/hªsf] ;Ddfgdf of]
Sna cfjZos 7fgL Snjsf] u7g
ul/Psf] gj ul7t Snjn] hgfPsf]
5 . pQm sfo{qmd dfgaxfb'/ b]pjfn]
;~rfng u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut
dGtJo /d]z rf}w/Ln] /fv]sf lyP .
g]kfn o'qm]g=====
rog ePsL l5g . ;Dd]ngn] @
hgfkl5 yKg] u/L %% hgfsf] lhNnf
;ldlt lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . h;df
cl;gf -;]qm]6/L_, lvd/fh, k[YjL,
;lGbk, ls/0f, s/0f, ;]js, x]dGt,
g[kG] b|, lemNsf], la/an, lbg]z -df8L_,
glb, clj/n, 6fOu/, e'kG] b|, eQm
l/hfn, 8fod08, cGhgf, d':sfg,
k|df]b, ;fu/, l8NnL/d0f jnL, snj,
kl/jt{ g , d+ u n, ho -lk:tf] n _,
uf]laGb, /ljnfn, lzl2dfg, ;Gtf]if
l8;L, b'uf{ -df8L_, sdnf -df8L_,
l;hg, l6sf/fd, xl/axfb'/ jnL
…lrGtgÚ, nfnaxfb'/ ;'gf/, /0f l;ª
k'gdu/, gf/fo0f v8\sf, Pgfg, k|lbk
s'j/, lau'n, 6]saxfb'/ dx/f, lak'n,
lxdfn, cfhb, ;l/tf, >j0f, b'uf{ -
gu/_, z+s/ -a]kQf kl/jf/_, lakgf,
zflGt s];L -;l/tf_ / h'/]nL ;b:o
/x]sf 5g\ .
h;sf] ;Nnfsf/df ;'dg, lbks,
kTy/, u0f]z, la/s'Gh -Hjfnf_,
lah'nL, uDeL/, /fdrGb, s0f{ h+u;]g,
lbgdl0f, u2fkmL, s[ltdfg, lbg]z -
lqa]0fL_, a]baxfb'/ v8\sf -xjNbf/_,
d'lQm, k|;fGt, tf/f /x]sf 5g\ . eg]
ljz]if sld6L ;b:ox¿df lbg]z,
k|of;, s'df/, ljZj /x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6=====
jftf{ 6f]nLjLr tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjog, d'2f vf/]hL / aGbL g]tf,
sfo{stf{ l/xf ug]{ ljifodf k6s–
k6s jftf{ / ;xdlt eO{
sfof{Gjogsf] k|so[ f cufl8 a9L g}
/fv]sf] lyof] . o;}aLrdf nlntk'/
lhNnf cbfntn] @)&( ;fpg ^ ut]
lg0f{o u/L !^ ut] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf]
g]skfsf dxf;lrj s= ljKnj, k|jQf
s= k| s f08nufotsf g] t f /
sfo{stf{nfO{ kqmfp k'h
F L{ hf/L u/]kl5
jftf{ / ;xdltaf6 xfl;n ePsf
pknlAwx? dfly t'iff/fkft eof] .
b]zsf] /fhgLlts kl/l:ylt jftf{ /
;xdltsf lj?4 aGg yfNof] . o;n]
g]skf, g]kfnL hgtf / jftf{åf/f tLg
a'bF ] ;xdlt oyfzL3| sfof{Gjog xf];\
afns[i0f vf0f, sfg'g dGqL uf]laGb
aGbL sf]O{/fnf / dxfGofowLjQmf
vDdaxfb' / vftLnufot jftf{
k| s [ o fdf ;xefuL ;a} n fO{ kf6L{
wGojfb 1fkg ub{5 .
&_ tLg a'Fb] ;xdltdf pNn]lvt
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] bfoLTjk|lt
kf6L{ OdfGbf/, k|lta4 /x]sf] /
;xdltsf] dd{nfO{ cIf/zM sfof{Gjog
ug{ b[ 9 ePsf] s' / f klg :ki6
ub{5f}F .Æ
:d/0fLo 5, @)&& kmfNu'g @!
ut] tTsflng s]kL cf]nL g]t[Tjsf]
;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{aLr
# a'Fb] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . h'g
;xdltdf b'j} kIf–g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf
g] k fn sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ , b] z sf]
/fhg}lts ;d:ofx? jftf{ tyf
;+ j fbaf6 ;dfwfg ug{ , g] k fn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ cfk\mgf ;a} /fhg}lts
lqmofsnfkx? zflGtk"0f{?kdf ;+rfng
ug{ / g]kfn ;/sf/, g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ d fly nufOPsf] k| l taGw,
sf/fuf/df /x]sf kf6L{sf g]tf tyf
sfo{stf{x?sf] l/xfO{ / ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx?
vf/]h ug]{ ;xdt ePsf] lyof] .
cfufdL=====
xFb' G} Yof] . sDtLdf Pp6f gofF cfzf /
pT;fx hufpg] sfd u/]sf 5g\\ . xf]
pgn] laxfg a]ns ' f >d u/]/ jf 7]nf
Jofkf/ u/]/ vfg]x?sf] laNnLaf7 klg
u/fPsf 5g\\ .
cfhsf ;+;bLo bndf Pp6f gzf
jf dft nfu]sf] 5, Tof] xf]M ;+;bdf
ax'dt k'u]kl5 h] u/] klg x'G5 /
hlt n'6] klg x'G5 . jf:tjdf of]
nt klg ufFhf, r/]; jf clkmdsf]
nteGbf sdL 5}g . of] pGdfb sfod
/xFbf;Dd b]zn] s]xL klg k|fKt ug{
;Sb}g . of] ;+;bLo b'Jo{;gLnfO{
lgoGq0f gu/] b]z /xFb}g . xfd|f]
/fhgLltn] ;dfhsf ;a} If]qnfO{
e|i6Ls/0f u/]sf] 5 . xfd|f efjL
k':tfx?nfO{ ;d]t o;n] e|i6Ls/0fsf]
;+:s[lt l;sfPsf] 5 .
To;sf/0f b]znfO{ s]Gb|df /fVg]
xf] eg] xfdLn] t'?Gt} s]xL ug}{k5{ .
klxnf] xf] /fhgLlts l:y/tfsf nflu
s]xL ;f]Rg} k5{ / To;sf nflu
sDtLdf ;+;bLo k|0ffnLsf] cGTo
ug'k{ 5{ . bf]>f] ;d:of xf] e|i6frf/sf]
cGTo ePg eg] xfd|f] efjL k':tf klg
Wj:t x'g5 ] / To;af6 arfpgsf
nflu e|i6frf/nfO{ uDeL/ /fli6«o
ck/fwsf ?kdf ljsf; ug'k{ 5{ . t]>f]
xf] b]znfO{ cfly{s ;+s6af6 6fg{sf
nflu pTkfbg / cfTdlge{ /
cy{ t Gqsf] ljsf; ug} { k 5{ .
a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg klg
oxLFaf6 lgl:sg ;S5 . rf}yf] xf] xfd|f]
k//fi6« gLltnfO{ yk ;zQm agfpg'
k5{ . xfdLn] xfd|f] /fli6«o :jfy{nfO{
s]Gb|df /fvL cGt/f{li6«o cGt/lj/f]w
/ zlQm ;+3if{df gd'gf s'6gLltsf]
5 . vf;u/L :jtGq pDd]bjf/tkm{
hgtfsf] Wofg s]lGb|t 5 . cfufdL
r'gfjL kl/0ffdn] b]znfO{ emg} 7"nf]
/fhgLlts cl:yt/tftkm{ ws]Ng]
lglZrt 5 . s'g} klg bnsf] ax'dt sf7df8f} F . ;jf/L rfns tof/ u/]sf] lgb]l{ zsfcg';f/ &) c+s df]6/;fOsnsf] k/LIffdf sxL+st} 5f]P
cg' d ltkq -nfO;] G ;_ k/LIff NofP pQL0f{ x'g] Joj:yfcg';f/sf] jf e'OF 6]sd] f cg'QL0f{ gx'g] Joj:yf
gk'Ug] / ;f+;b lsga]r clg bnLo
3ftk|lt3ft x'g] lglZrt 5 . r'gfjn] ;~rfng sfo{ljlw lgb]l{ zsf @)&& dfkb08 nfu" ug{ nfluPsf] jfUdtL 5 . gofF Joj:yfcg';f/ 3'dfp/f]
sfof{Gjgdf cfpg] ePsf] 5 . xfn} ef}lts k|bz ] sf] >d tyf oftfoft dGqfnosf cf7df Ps k6s;Dd /]vf 5f]Pdf
bnx?sf] jt{dfg cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ klg
xn unf{ eg]/ eGg] cj:yf 5}g . k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoftdGqL df]xDdb k|jQmf xl/x/ kf]vn ]| n] hfgsf/L lbP . cg'QL0f{ x'gk' g]{ 5}g . /]vf 5f]Pdf kfFr
Ol:tofs /fO{ ; lxt k| b ] z sf …cGo k|b]zn] gofF dfkb08 nfu" c+s 36\g]5 .
cf7f}+===== oftfoftdGqL tyf ;lrjx¿sf] a}7sn] ul/;s]sf 5g\ . Ps k6s v'§fn] e'Od F f 6]s] kfFr
ePsf] 5 . pxfFx?sf] ;FZn]z0fsf] lgb]l{ zsf sfof{Gjog Nofpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xfdL klg c;f] h ! af6 c+s 36\g5 ] . o'6g{df 6lg{ª OlG8s]6/
hudf 6]s]/ b'lgofFdf rdTsf/Ls xf] . o;cl3 k|bz ] !, u08sL, n'lDagL nfO;]G;sf] k/LIff x'g] kfFr} oftfoft nfO6 gafn] !) c+s / 6«flkms ;+st]
kl/jt{gx? ;Fej ePsf x'g . x'g t / ;'b/" klZrd k|bz ] df lgb]l{ zsf nfu" sfof{noaf6 gofF lgb]{lzsfcg';f/ kfngf gubf{ !% c+s 36\g]5 . c+s
;dfh lj1fgdf ePsf tL vf]hx? eO;s]sf] 5 . dw];, afudtL / s0ff{nL k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{5f}+,Ú pgn] eg] . 36\b} uP/ &) eGbf sd cfPdf
;dfhs} pkhx? x'g t/ tL s'/fx? k|bz] n] eg] of] Joj:yf sfof{Gjgdf k|bz ] sf] x]6f}8+ fdf Pp6f / sf7df8f}dF f dfq nfO;]G; kfpg of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
;j}n] b]Vg ;Sb}gg\ . To;sf nflu Nofpg ;s]sf lyPgg\ . rf/j6f :yfgaf6 nfO;]G;sf] k/LIff vfN6fv'N6Ldf Ps k6s;Dd e'OF
o;}qmddf jfUdtL k|bz] ;/sf/n] ;~rfng x'G5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{leq} 6]sd] f kfFr / Ps k6s ;jf/Lsf]
ju{ / qmflGt k|ltsf] lg/Gt/ nufj
/ jf}l4s 1fgsf] ldnfg ug{ ;Sg' ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq -nfO;]G;_ lrtjg / l;Gw'nLsf] v'sf]6{ af6 klg :6f6{ aGb eP kfF r c+ s 36\ g ]
kb{5 . dfgj ;dfhnfO{ o'ufg's'n sf] k/LIffdf gofF dfkb08 nfu" ug]{ nfO;]G; k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ tof/L Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;jf/L rnfpg'
ePsf] 5 . nfO;]G;sf] k|of]ufTds - eO/x]sf] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . cufl8 ;jf/Lsf] a|s ] , 6fo/ / P]gfsf]
jbNg] ;dfh lj1fgsf] ljsf; h;n]
6«fon_ k/LIffdf !)) c+sdWo] &) gofF lgb]{lzsfcg';f/ k/LIffdf ;fdfGo lg/LIf0f gu/] tLg c+s 36\g]
dfG5]sf cfwf/e"t cfjZostfx? k'/f c+ s k| f Kt u/] s f] v08df ;xh} df]6/;fOsn, :s'6/, df]k8] , sf/, lhk Joj:yf lgb] { l zsfdf /x] s f] 5 .
ug{ / cl;ldt cfjZostfx? k'/f nfO;]G; k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;+3Lo / 8] l ne/L Eofgsf] nfO;] G ;sf] x]nd]6sf] ns gnufO{ ;jf/L rnfPdf
ug{sf nflu vf]h, cWog–cg';Gwfg ;/sf/sf] oftfoft Joj:yf ljefun] 6« f onnfO{ ;xh agfOPsf] 5 . klg rf/ c+s 36\g5 ] .
ug{ lg/Gt/ lbzf lgb]{zg ul//x]sf]
x'G5 . k'FhLjfbL ljZj–Jofj:yfsf]
lj?4 ;g !(sf] bf]>f] bzsb]lv
;t/Lsf] bzs;Dd lbUjLhosf]
cleofgdf /x]sf] pTkLl8t ju{sf]
;+ljwfg lbj; eJo?kdf dgfcf}+
bz{g / /fhg}lts lj1fgsf] ljsf;df
cfPsf] uTofj/f]wsf sf/0f ;j{xf/f– g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] ;ft aif{ k"/f
>lds ju{ s f] cu' j fO{ d f x' g ]
;dfhjfbL–;fDojfbL qmflGt
;]nfPsf]5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ / o;sf] d"n
ePsf] 5 .
g]tT[ j sd/]8 ljKnjsf] cu'jfO{df
dfn]dfjfbL lj1fgsf] vf]h, cWog– Ø cfjlws tyf ldl>t lgjf{rg k|0ffnL, ;+3Lo
cg';Gwfg uPsf] cf7f}+ dxflwj]zgjf6
z'? ePsf]5 . jf:tjdf of] ;lx
ljrf/sf] cg';Gwfg / ljsf;;Fu
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds zf;g Joj:yf o;sf
;DjlGwt5 . of] /ftf/ft s'g} g]tfsf]
lbdfudf cfpg] xf]Og{ . sd/]8 dfcf]n]
eGg' ePsf]5– …;xL ljrf/ sxfFjf6
k|dv' ljz]iftf x'g\ .
cfp5 < s] tL dgdf ;xh}
pJhG5g\ < xf]O{g s] Tof] cfsf;jf6 Ø ;+ljwfg lbj; c;f]h @,# / $ ut] eJo ?kdf
em5{ < xf] O g, tL ;fdfhLs
Jofjxf/jf6, cyf{t tLg lsl;dssf
;fdflhs Jofjxf/jf6 cfp5g\–
dgfcf}+ .
pTkfbgsf] lglDt ;f3if{, ju{ ;+3if{ /
j}1flgs k|of]u .Æ -;xL ljrf/ sxfFjf6 Ø 3/3/df bLkfjnL u/f}+ .
cfp5 d] !(^#_ dfcf]sf] pk/f]Qm
egfO{n] ;fljt ub{5 ls ;xL ljrf/
sf] ljsf; ju{ / qmflGt k|ltsf] nufj,
jf}l4s vf]h hf] pTkfbg ;+3if{,
ju{;+3if{ / j}1flgs k|of]usf] nfdf]
>[ªvnfjf6 dfq ;Fej 5 hf] cfhsf]
cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf]
ljhosf nflu ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf
jg]sf] dfn]dfjfbL lj1fgsf] vf]h
cWog–cg';Gwfg / ljsf;df sd/]8
ljKnjsf] g]t[Tjdf xfd|f] kf6L{n]
cu'jfO{df cf7f}+ dxflwj]zg;Dd k'Ubf
Pp6f lgisif{df k'Ug]5 . g] k fn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{
eGg] efjgf / rfxgfdf uDeL/ ljsf; ug'{k5{ . ;QfnfO{ xf]Og,
cfz+sf, lrGtf / cljZjf; k}bf /fi6«nfO{ s]Gb|df /fVg] k//fi6« gLlt
u¥of] . cj:yf k"/} gs/fTds lbzflt/ rflxPsf] 5 . bnfnLs/0f / ckf/bzL{ 5f] / f;/x 5f] / LnfO{
hfg yfNof] . ;fF7ufF7af6 xf]Og, kf/bzL{, v'Nnf / :s'n k9\g k7fcf}+ .
%_ ljifo / kl/l:yltsf] oxL :ki6 k//fi6« gLlt rflxPsf] 5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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