sDo'lgi6 jfdkGyLx¿sf] u7aGwg x'g' ;s/fTds / k|ultzLn

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 / h'Dnfdf :ofpsf la?jf /f]Kg hfg]

kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] qmddf a'waf/ ;fFem ;'v]{t k'u]sf
sDo'lgi6 afdkGyLx¿sf] u7aGwg dxf;lrj ljKnj ;LnfO{ g]skf

jif{ !&, c+s !(, @)*) ;fn kmfu'g @& ut] cfOtaf/ (March 10, 2024) d"No ?= !).– x'g' ;fk]lIfs ¿kdf ;s/fTds / ;'v]{tn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] :jfut
k|ultzLn ePsf] atfP . sflnsf]6 -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

‘b]zdf cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf nflu g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb clgafo{’

sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] b]zdf
cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf nflu g]kfnL
ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbsf] ljsNk
gePsf] 7f]s'jf u/]sf 5g\ . z'qmaf/
h'Dnfsf] xf8'Nn]df cfof]lht :ofp
cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqsf] gLlt cfufl8
a9fPsf] 5 .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] casf]
/fhgLlt rGbf p7fpg] / efif0f dfq
ug]{ eP/ gk'Ug] eGb} b]z / hgtfsf]
cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqdf ljsf; ug{
rfxfgfnfO{ ?kfGt/0f ug]{ of]hgf
/fHo;+u gePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb}
Pg;]n sf08, cGo ljleGg sf08,
;/sf/sf] cl:y/tf h:tf ljifox?
5g\, o;n] b]znfO{ k/lge{/ agfPsf]
atfP . pgn] Pd;L;Lsf dfWodaf6
s'/f p7fpg' ;s/fTds ePsf] eGb}
of] g]skfsf] of]hgf dfq geP/ xfdL
;a}sf] of]hgf ePsf] atfP . cWoIf
lwtfnn] g] s kfsf] of] of] h gfn]
cfk"mnfO{ uf}/jflGjt agfPsf] atfP .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] rGbggfy
gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @
e08f/Laf8fdf …/fh]z kmnk"mn g;{/L
P08 :ofp k|zf]wg pBf]uÚ ;+rfng
u/]sf bDktL x/Ljxfb'/ sfdL /
d+unf ljssf] xftaf6 !%$ j6f
;xof]u :j?k pknAw u/]sf :ofpsf
lj?jf u|x0f ub}{ / /f]Kb} :ofp /f]k0f
cleofgsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP .
pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf g]skfsf :yfoL
;ldlt ;b:o e/t ;L, kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o
cfbz{ ;L, c;n ;L, g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:ox? lj/f6, lja]s, anjfg, ch{g' ,
cl8s, lbg]z, k|eflht, ;dfh s[i0f
;L, kqsf/, hgk|ltlglwnufotsf]
pNn]vgLo ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] .
pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf k|eflht
;Ln] u/]sf lyP eg] ;+rfng ;dfh
;Ln] u/]sf lyP .

hgo'4nfO{ gsfg]{ k|jl[ Qlj?4 ;+3if{ h?/L

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnj
;Ln] hgo'4nfO{ gsfg]{ k|j[lQlj?4 ;‹if{ h?/L /x]sf] atfPsf
5g\ . ;lxb k|lti7fg g]kfnåf/f ;f]daf/ cfof]lht …zflGt
k|lqmof, u0ftGq / cfhsf] /fhgLltÚ ljifos cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pgn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] hgo'4 hgcfGbf]ngsf] hudf
;‹Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq :yfkgf ePsf] tYo k]z ub}{
hgo'4nfO{ gsfg]{ k|j[lQlj?4 ;‹if{ h?/L /x]sf] atfP .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] hgo'4 g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] ;a}eGbf
>]i7 cfGbf]ng ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ hgo'4sf] k|ltkmn g} ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGq :yfkgf ePsf] xf] .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] cfhsf] lbg uf]nLsf] xf/]sf] lbg
ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ ;fdflGt ;Qfn] ;'vfgL h+undf o'jfx¿af6
8/fP/ uf]nL rnfPsf] / ToxL uf]nLn] g]kfnsf] ;fdlGt ;Qf
9n]sf] atfP . pgn] eg]– …cfhsf] lbg ;'vfgLsf] h+undf %
hgf o'jfx¿n] hgjfb / j}1flgs ;dfhjfb, ;fDojfbsf] ;kgf
b]Vb} ;xif{ jlnbfg u/]sf] lbg xf] . ljrf/n] lhT5 sL uf]nLn]
lhT5 eg]/ g]kfndf eLif0f n8fOF rn]sf] lyof] . k~rfotsf
lg/+sz' ;fdfGtx¿n] uf]nLåf/f Gofosf cfjfh / ;kgfnfO{ Wj:t
kfg{ rflx/x]sf lyP . t/ kfFrhgf o'jfx¿n] uf]nLn] k/f:t ul/lbP .Ú

/f]k0f sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ pgn]
;f] 7f]s'jf u/]sf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] jt{dfg
/fhgLlts ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf] nflu
afd sDo' l g:6 qmflGtsf/Lx?
w|j' Ls/0f x'g cfjZos ePsf] atfpFb}
cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf nflu g]kfndf
g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbeGbf csf]{
ljsNk gePsf] 7f]sj' f u/] .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] :ofp
/f]k0fsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ # aif{leq
kf6L{nfO{ cfTdlge{/ / rGbfd'Qm kf6L{
agfpg] k|lta4tf JoQm ub}{ eg]–
…qmflGt ug{' dfq 7"nf] s'/f xf]Og, xfdLn]
qmflGtnfO{ pTkfbg / cy{tGq;+u
hf]8g\ ;s]gf},F cfh qmflGtk|lt ljt[i0f
5, ljrngtf b]lvPsf] 5, o;nfO{{
lrg{ g]skfn] gjf}+ dxflwj]zgaf6
x/]s g]tf / /fhgLlt kf6L{ >d tyf
pTkfbgdf hf]l8g' kg]{ atfpFb} eg]–
…t/fO{df wfg, tf]/L t/sf/L, kxf8df
kmnk"mn, / lxdfndf kmnk"mn tyf
hl8j'6L ptkfbgsf] cleofgdf 5f}F .
xfdL s[lifkl5 ;fgf pBf]udf hfFb5} f},F
kmlg{r/ tyf cGo ;fgf pBf]udf
hfFb}5f}F, cfˆg} IfdtfnfO{ hf]8]/
cufl8 hfg] k|of;df 5f}F, /fHon]
hgtflt/ ;xof]u ug]{ gLlt agfpg
;s]g, xhf/f}+ :ofpsf lj?jf /fHo;+u
5, t/ xfdLnfO{ sfg'gsf] s'/f u/]/
;xof]u ug{ ;s]g . of] k|rf/sf] nflu
dfq xf]Og, pTkfbg u/]/ hgtfnfO{
/ kf6L{nfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] xfd|f]
rfxfgf 5, pTkfbgnfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL
agfpg] rfxfgf 5 .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] qmflGtsf]
;fd|fHojfb cfpg vf]hs ] f] / o"/f]kdf
åGå rls{/x]sf] ljifon] ljZjo'4sf]
;s]t u/]sf] atfP .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] Joj:yfsf]
c;kmntf / /fi6«sf] cl:y/tfsf]
cGTosf] nflu ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ ag]sf]
/ o;n] cfˆgf] nIocg';f/ cufl8
hfg] atfP . pgn] :yfgLo kf6L{ g]tf,
sfo{ s tf, hgk| l tlglw, kqsf/,
nufot ;a}nfO{ ljz]if wGojfb lbFb}
h'Dnfdf o'4sfndf ;d]t a;]sf]n] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf ePsf] atfP . pgn] eg], dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] ToxL uf]nLn] jlnbfg lbPsf kfFr
h'DnL hgtf;+u ulx/f] ;DjGw u/]xsf] …;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq eg]sf] hgo'4, hgcfGbf]ng, hgf ;lxbsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] k~rfot 9n]sf] atfpFb} eg]–
atfP . g]kfnsf ;Dk"0f{ ljb|f]xsf] ;Gtfgsf] ¿kdf hlGdPsf] ;Gtfg …cGtt kfFr hgf o'jfx¿sf] jlnbfgLaf6 p7]sf] k~rfot lj/f]lw
pb\ 3 f6g sfo{ q mddf l;+ h f xf] of] . clxn] dfG5]x¿n] s] eG5g\ eg] hgo'4nfO{ t cfGbf]ngn] g]kfnsf] k~rfotnfO{ w/fzoL agfP/, w'nf]lk7f]
ufpF k flnsfsf cWoIf k" 0 f{ k | ; fb cf}lrToxLg eGg yfn] . hgo'4 t s]xL klg xf]Og, p:t} k/] kf/]/ k5fl/lbof] / k~rfotnfO{ ;bfsf nflu k'l/lbof] . To;sf/0f
lwtfnn] ;Djf]wg ub}{ dxf;lrj ck/fw eGg yfn] . Tof] b]Vbfv]/L Oltxf;sf] dhfs h:tf] cfhsf] lbg uf]nLn] xf/]sf], ljrf/n] lht]sf], ;kgfn] lht]sf]
ljKnj ;Ln] h'Dnfdf :ofp nufpg] nfU5 dnfO{ . hgo'4 g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] ;a}eGbf >]i7 / g]kfnsf lk|o 5f]/f5f]/Ln] lht]sf] lbg xf] .Ú
of]hgf agfP/ cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqsf] cfGbf]ng xf] / To;sf] k|ltkmnsf] ¿kdf g} g]kfndf ;+3Lo -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

‘;dfhjfbsf] ofqfdf dlxnfx¿ nfdj4 x'g'sf] lasNk 5}g’

* dfr{ / dlxnf cfGbf]ng
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] g]tf tyf
dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ;d]t g]tf Snf/f
h]6lsg -!*%&–!(## hd{g_ n] ;g\
!(!) df 8]gdfs{sf] sf]kgx]ugdf
ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf
;Dd]ngdf >lds dlxnf lbj;
dgfpg] k|:tfj u/]sL lyOg\ . ;f]
cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngdf !& j6f b]zsf
Ps ;o k|ltlglwx? ;+nUg lyP .
o;sf] k| f /De eg] cd] l /sfsf]
Go'of]s{af6 ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !()*
df Go'of]s{df cf7 306f sfd, k'?if
;/x kfl/>lds / dtbfgsf]
clwsf/nufotsf dfu ub}{ la/f]w
k|bz{g eof] . h;df kGw| xhf/eGbf
w]/} dlxnf ;xefuL ePsf lyP .
o;sf] Ps aif{kl5 ;fdflhs hgjfbL
kf6L{ cd]l/sfn] gf/L lbj; dgfpg]
lg0f{o uof]{ . To;/L gf/L lbj;
;a} e Gbf klxn] cd] l /sL
sDo'lg:6x?n] dgfpg k|f/De u/]sf
x'g\ . To;kl5 ;g\ !(!! df 8]gdfs{,
cl:6«of, hd{gL / l:jh/Nof08df
cGt/f{li6«o gf/L lbj; dgfOof] .
;g\ !(!& df ?;df n]lggsf]
g]tT[ jdf hf/ ;/sf/sf] la?4 …zflGt
/ /f]6LÚ dfu ub}{ ;‹if{ ;'? eof] .
To;sf] ;dy{g ub}{ dlxnfx? x8\tfn
/ k|bz{gdf plqP . To;qmddf ?;L
dlxnfn] 7"nf] alnbfg u/] . hf/sf]
clgn lj/xL ;L
;Qf 9n]kl5 tL axfb'/ dlxnfn]
alnbfgL u/]sf] lbgsf] :d/0fdf *
dfr{df g} >lds dlxnf lbj;
dgfpg yflnof] . oBlk ?;df !(!$
/ !(!% df >lds dlxnf lbj;
dgfpg] ul/Psf] lyof] . ;g\ !(&$
df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] cGt/f{li6«o
dlxnf lbj;nfO{ dfGoftf lbof] . t/,
…>ldsÚ kbfjnL /flvPg . To;nfO{
sltkon] >lds dlxnf lbj;sf]
;f/tTj dfg]{ / rf8kj{df emfg]{
rfnjfhLsf] ?kdf klg JofVof u/]sf
5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] ;g\ !(&%
df klxnf] k6s of] lbj;sf] gf/f
…ljutnfO{ pT;jsf] ?kdf / eljiosf]
of]hgf lgdf{0f u/f} ÛÚ /fv]sf] lyof] .
g]kfndf eg] b/jfl/of tyf s'nLg
ju{sf dlxnfn] lj;+ @)## ;fnaf6
dlxnf lbj; dgfpg yfn]sf lyP .
lj;+ @)#$ ;fnaf6 ;flxTosf/ tyf
dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf cu'jf kfl/hftsf]
cu'jfO{df e"ldut?kdf cGt/f{li6«o
>lds dlxnf lbj; dgfpg yflnPsf]
xf] . g]kfnsf] ;+lawfg @)&@ sf] >d
tyf sfg'g bkmf -$! _df cGt/f{li6«o
>lds dlxnf lbj; ls6fg ul/Pkl5
o;n] j}wflgs x}l;ot k|fKt u/]sf]
5 . of] jif{ ljZjn] !!$ cf}+ * dfr{
lbj; cyf{t\ cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf
lbj; dgfpFb}5 . t/ dlxnf lx+;f /
lje]bsf kvf{nx? 9n]sf 5}gg\ .
dlxnfx?n] :jtGqtfsf] cg'el" t ug{
;s]sf 5}gg\ . To;}k|sf/sf] cg'e"lt
5 ef/tLo d"nsL cd]l/sL n]vs
tyf gflosf kßf nIdLsf] . pgn]
;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf dlxnf lx+;f
ef/ts} h:tf] /x]sf] atfPsL 5g\ .
kL8fsf] ljifo t s] eg] kßfsf]
kl/jf/ ef/tdf eO/x]sf] dlxnf
lxF;fjf6 ql;t eP/ cd]l/sf knfog
ePsf] lyof] .
o' 4 , ef] s d/L / dxfdf/Lsf]
;a}eGbf w]/} b'ik|efj dlxnf /
afnaflnsfdfly g} kb{5 . sf]le8–
!( dxfdf/Lsf] b'ik|efj klg dlxnfdf
g} w]/} k/]sf] 5 . ljZjdf sf]le8–
!( dxfdf/L k|f/De ePkl5 dlxnf
lx+;f @) k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] .
g]kfn k|x/Lsf] lj;+ @)&* sf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ sf]le8
–!( dxfdf/Lkl5 ;/b/ % hgf
dlxnf b}lgs anfTsf/ ePsf lyP .
gLlt lgdf{0fsf] x/]s txdf dlxnf
clwsf/ sdhf] / 5 . of]
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
sf7df8f}F . sf7df8f}F . g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
cg]d;+3 qmflGtsf/LsL pkfWoIf
e[s'6L ;Ln] ;dfhjfbL df]rf{nfO{
;zQm agfpFb} ;dfhjfbsf] ofqfdf
dlxnfx¿ nfdj4 x'g'sf] lasNk
gePsf] atfPsL 5g\ . ;dfhjfbL
df]rf{ ;Da4 dlxnf ;+u7gx¿åf/f
laxLaf/ uf]vf{df cfof]lht cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pgn] ;f]
s'/f atfPsL x'g\ .
g] t f e[ s ' 6 L ;Ln] g] k fndf
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf :yfkgf geP;Dd
dlxnfx¿sf] d'lQm ;Dej gePsf] eGb}
;dfhjfbLsf nflu dlxnfn] 7"nf] ;+3if{
ug{'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] atfOg\ .
pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
g]skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsL ;lrj
/fds' d f/L emfF q mLn] ;dfhjfbL
df]rf{nfO{ km/flsnf] agfpFb} n}hfg'kg]{
atfOg\ . pgn] uf] v f{ lhNnf
qmflGtsf/L lhNnf ePsfn] ;dfhjfbL
df]rf{nfO{ ;zQm agfpg of] lhNnfsf
dlxnfsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ x'g] wf/0ff
/flvg\ .
pQm cGt/lqmofdf ;dfhjfbL
df] r f{ ;Da4 dlxnf ;+ u 7gsf
g]t[x¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
cGt/lqmofdf g] s kf PsLs[ t
;dfhjfbLsL ;lrj /fds'df/L emfFqmL,
g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf cg]d;+3
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
 2 @)*) ;fn kmfu'g @& ut] cfOtaf/

* dfr{ / xfd|f] bfloTj

ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
✍ ;DkfbsLo
ljZjsf >dLs dlxnfx¿n]
tLg a'b“ ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjogdf l9nfO{ gu/ d'lQmsf nflu ;+3if{ u/]/ ljho k|fKt
u/]sf] lbg xf] * dfr{ . To;}n] k|To]s
;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{aLr tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt ePsf] tLg aif{ jif{ * dfr{sf] lbgnfO{ ljZje/sf
gf3]sf] 5 . @)&& kmfu'g @! ut] lbgsf] @ ah] ljz]if ;df/f]x u/L >dLs dlxnfx¿n] xiff]N{ nf;sf ;fy
;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] pQm tLg a'bF ] ;xdltdf ;/sf/n] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 v'l;ofnL afF8kmfF8 / gofF clwsf/sf
nflu yk ;+3if{ ug]{ k|ltj4tf ug]{
kf6L{dflysf] k|ltaGw x6fpg], ;Dk"0f{ aGbL l/xfO / d'2f vf/]h ug]{ / lbgsf] ¿kdf lnFb} cfPsf 5g\ . *
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cfˆgf ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts ljifox?sf] ;dfwfg dfr{sf] lbgnfO{ g]kfndf klg >dLs
;Djfbsf dfWodaf6 ug],{ cfˆgf ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts lqmofsnfkx? dlxnfx¿n] ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿sf]
cfof]hgf u/]/ eJotfk"js { dgfpFb}
zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . of] ;xdlt g]kfn cfO{/xsf] ;Gbe{ 5 . To;}n] cfhsf]
sDo'lg:6 kf6Ln] cIf/zM kfngf ul//fv]sf] 5 eg] ;/sf/n] g]skfdfly lbgdf ;a}n] :yflkt clwsf/x¿sf]
nufPsf] k|ltaGwafx]s cGo a'bF fx? xfn;Dd sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5}g . /Iff ub} { , yk ;+ 3 if{ / gofF
h;sf sf/0f clxn] klg g]skfsf emG8} b'O{ bh{g g]tf, sfo{stf{x? clwsf/x¿sf nflu ;+ 3 if{ ug] {
k|ltj4tfsf] vfFrf] 5 . of] ;Gbe{df
h]ndf 5g\ eg] s}of}F g]tf, sfo{stf{ em'¶f d'2f em]ln/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] xfdL !!$ cf} cGt/f{li6«o >dLs
o:tf] xs{t ubf{;d]t g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ w}oj{ fg\ x'bF } tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt dlxnf lbj; dgfpg uO/x]sf 5f}F .
sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ k6s k6s cfu|x ul//x]sf] 5 eg] ;g\ !*%& dfr{ * df ;+oQ' m /fHo
cd]l/sfsf] Go"of]s{ ;x/ cGt/u{t
;/sf/n] laleGg axfgfafhL ub}{ ;xdlt sfof{Gjog ug{ l9nfO{ ul//x]sf]
5 . of] ;/sf/sf] xb bhf{sf] /fhgLlts a]OdfgL, zflGt / /fhgLlts
Pp6f sk8f ldnsf dlxnfx¿n] k'?if
;/x g} sfdsf] Hofnf kfpg' kb{5
l:y/tf lj/f]wL tyf b]znfO{ åGålt/ ws]Ng] if8\oGq xf] . h'g b]z / eGb} klxnf] k6s ;+ul7t eP/
hgftfsf] nflu Hofb} b'vb / lgGbgLo sfo{;d]t xf] . ;/sf/sf] o:tf] cfGbf]ng u/]sf lyP . ;g\ !*^) dfr{
* df oLg} dlxnfx¿n] /fli6«o:t/sf]
xs{tn] g]skfsf] w}ot{ fsf] afFw km'6g\ ;S5 . klxnf] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u/] . k]l/;df
t;y{, ;/sf/n] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] w}ot{ f / k6s k6ssf] ;g\ !**( dfr{ * df klxnf]
cfu|xnfO{ gh/cGbfh ug{' x'bF g} . g]skfnfO{ ;xdltsf] gfddf l;Wofpg] cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf
eof] . cd]l/sfsf] l;sfuf] ;x/df ;g\
b]zL–ljb]zL if8\oGqsf/L / bnfnsf] rË'ndf ;/sf/ km:g' x'bF g} . olb !*(& dfr{ * df dlxnf clwsf/sf
;/sf/ b]zL – ljb]zL bnfn / k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] uf]6L ag]/ g]skfnfO{ nlu ljzfn h'nz ' , cfd;ef / x8tfn
l;Wofpg vf]H5 eg] To;sf] dxFuf] d"No r'sfpg' kg]{ b]lv5 . t;y{, z'? u/]sf lyP . h'g cfGbf]ngdf *
tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt tTsfn k"0f{?kdf sfof{Gjog ug's { f] ljsNk 5}g . 306f sfd, k'?if ;/x sfdsf] Hofnf,
dft[lzz'sf] clwsf/, dhb'/ o'lgogdf
olta]nf ;+;b\jfbL bnx? ;Qf / ;/sf/sf] n'5fr'8F Ldf tlNng dlxnfx¿n] klg dtflwsf/sf] Joj:yf
5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cfˆgf] e"ldsf a9fpFb} cflb d'Vo dfux¿ lyof] .
;+;b\jfbL bnleq ePsf qmflGtsf/L / /fi6«jfbL g]tf, sfo{stf{ / Go"of]sd{ f g} tTsflng ;dfhjfbL
cfGbf]ngsf] ;g\ !()( km]jc | f]/L @* /
tdfd qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, nf]stGqjfbL bn, g]tf / zlQmx?nfO{ ;g\ !(!) df ;DkGg cGt/f5{li6«o
;d]6b\ } Pp6f ;zQm cfGbf]ngsf] cfFwLa]x/L l;h{gf ug{' cfjZos 5 . ;dfhjfbL dlxnf ;Dd]ngn] dlxnfnfO{
h;sf] anaf6 ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] h/f] pv]Nb} b]zdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb k'?if ;/x clwsf/ x'gk' g],{ cGt/f{li6«o
:yfkgf ug{ ;lsof];\ . ;d[4 /fi6« / ;'vL g]kfnLsf] gf/f k"/f ug]{ Ps ¿kdf dlxnfx¿n] p7fpg] u/]sf
cfGbf]ngx¿df ;g\ !(!) df 8]gdfs{sf]
dfq pkfo j}1flgs ;dfhjfb g} xf], h'g g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;uF
;xsfo{ u/]/ k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf] lglDt ;Dk"0f{ ;r]t gful/sn]
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ ;fy / ;xof]u ug{s ' f] ljsNk 5}g . cGoyf
oL ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfx?n] b]z / hgtfsf] cl:tTj g} gfd]6 agfOlbg]
o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn klZrd bfªsf] cWoIfdf ch{'g zfxL
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l gi6
lglZrt 5, r]tgf eof . kf6L{lgs6 o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn klZrd
bfªsf] & cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ch{g'
g]skf ¿kGb]xLåf/f ;lxb tyf a]kQf zfxLsf] g]tT[ jdf @@ ;b:oLo lhNnf
sld6L lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . h;sf]
sf]kgx]ug] df cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] dlxnf
lbj; dgfpg] k|:tfj ;dfhjfbL dlxnf
g]t[ Snf/fh]l6\sgn] k|:tfj ug{e' of] .
kmn:j¿k ;g\ !(!! dfr{ !( df k|yd
k6s ci6«]lnof, 8]gdfs{, hd{gL,
:jLh/Nof08 h:tf b]zx¿df nfvfF}
dlxnfx¿sf] ;xefuLtfdf k|yd
cGt/f{li6«o >dLs dlxnf lbj;
;ljtf ;L
eJotfsf ;fy dgfO{of] . pQm lbj;df
dlxnfnfO{ dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/,
Joj;foLs tflnd, dlxnfdflysf]
lje]bsf] cGTo h:tf dfux¿ ;dfj]z
ul/Psf] lyof] .
dlxnf clwsf/ k|flKtsf nflu
ul/Psf] cfGbf]ngsf] lg/Gt/tfdf ;g\
!(!#, !(!$, / ;g\ !(!& df
tTsflng zf]leot ;+3df k|yd
ljZjo'4sf] lj/f]w :j¿k /f]6L /
zflGtsf] gf/f ;lxt cGt/f{li6«o >dLs
dlxnf lbj; eJotfsf ;fy dgfP .
Snf/fh]6lsg, /f]hf nShDju{, 6]/z ] f
df]lNsPnsf] g]tT[ jdf dlxnf d'lQmsf]
cfGbf]ngn] lg/Gt/tf kfof] . h;n] ubf{
xfn ;+;f/e/ * dfr{nfO{ >dLs dlxnf
d'lQmsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ lbgsf] ¿kdf
dflgG5 . ;g\ !(&% df ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3n] * dfr{nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o
dlxnf lbj;sf] ¿kdf 3f]if0ff u¥of] /
To;df ;+;f/sf !*( /fi6«x¿n]
x:tfIf/ u/] . ;g\ !((% sf] a]lhª
b'Jo{;gLaf6 d'Qm ug{ /fHo tof/
alg/x]sf] 5}g . of] /fHodf o'jfx¿nfO{
oxL b]zdf /f]Sg] of]hgf g} 5}g To;}n]
o'jfx¿sf] elj:osf] lgwf{/0f x'g] Joj:yf
;dfhjfb xf] . ca qmflGtsf/L o'jfx¿n]
3f]if0ff kqn] k|To]s dlxnfn] /fhgLltdf
efu lng kfpg], lzIff cfh{g ug{
kfpg], s'g} n}ËLs lje]b / lxª\zfsf]
lzsf/ ge} ;dfhdf :jtGq¿kdf
afF R g kfpg] clwsf/ ;lxtsf]
P]ltxfl;s lg0f{o u¥of] .
To:t} ;g\ @))@ df a;]sf
/fi6«;3+ sf] dxf;efn] nlIft u/]sf ;x>4L
ljsfz nIo nufot, ;a}vfnsf
;Dd]ng tyf ;GwLn] klg ;g\ @)!%
;Dddf n}ËLs cfwf/df lj4dfg ;a}vfn]
c;dfgtfx¿ x6fpg ;/sf/sf]
;+oGqx¿, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿, gful/s
;dfh, lghL If]q, cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yf
/ bft[kIfn] ;d]t cf–cfˆgf] If]qaf6
PSn} jf ;dGjofTds?df sfo{ ug]{ nIo
/fv]sf] lyof] . t/, ;+;f/df n}ËLs
;dfgtfsf] s'/f gf/fdf dfq l;ldt x'g
k'Uof] . ljleGg bft[lgsfox¿af6 xn/
leqofpg] dfWoddfq aGof] . cfh
cfGt/f{li6«o >dLs dlxnf lbj; * dfr{
juL{o kIfw/tfdf ;d]t ljefhg x'g
k'Uof] . Psflt/ k'h
F Lklt ju{ / dlxnfx¿
klg o;nfO{ km];gsf] ¿kdf gfddfqsf]
¿kdf gf/L lbj;sf] gfddf dgfpg k'u]
eg], csf]l{ t/ ljuts} lg/Gt/tfdf
>dhLjL dlxnfx¿ cfˆgf] dlxnf clwsf/
/ d'lQmsf] nflu gofF–gofF dfux¿ /
;dfgtfsf] clwsf/ :yflkt ug]{
cfGbf]ngsf ¿kdf dgfpg k'u] .
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df cfh klg bfO{hf]
k|yf, 5fpk8L k|yf, dlxnf a]rljvg,
;fd'lxs anfTsf/, xTof, af]S;Lsf]
cf/f]kdf s'6lk6 xTof, >d ahf/df
pkef]Uo a:t'sf] ¿kdf dlxnfx¿
k|of]u, ;fdflhs cz'/Iff, cfly{s,
/fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts
clwsf/x¿af6 JlGrt, b]x Jofkf/sf]
jfWotf, kfZrfTo ;+:s[ltsf] k|rf/ k|;f/
/ k|j4{ gdf dlxnfx¿sf] k|of]u, s'l/tL,
s'–;+:sf/sf] lzsf/h:tf cgluGtL
;d:ofx¿ lsg 5 t cfhsf] o'udf
klg xfd|f] ;dfhdf Û lsgsL, ;+;f/df
;/sf/ km]/abn x'g] cl:y/ k|sf/sf]
;+;bLo ;Qf kmfNg xfdLn] PsLs[t
hgqmflGt ul//x]sf 5f}F .Ú
g]tf k|lbkn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;d[l4,
zflGt, :jfwLgtfsf nflu ;dfhjfbL
e"d08lns[t k'FhLjfb 5 . To;sf]
h'7f]k/' f]df x'ls{Psf] jf l6s]sf] bnfn
k'FhLjfb 5 . bnfn k'FhLjfbL cy{
k|0ffnL 5, bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;fdflhs
tyf /fhgLlts Joj:yf 5 . bnfn
k'hF LjfbL tyf ;fdGtL ;f+:s[lts tyf
wfld{s Joj:yf 5 . bnfn k'h F LjfbL
e]jbjfk"0f{ sfg'g 5 . To;}n] of] bnfn
k'h F LjfbL Joj:yfnfO{ h/}af6 pvn]/
kmfNg] dfu, Ph]08f / ljifox¿;Fu
;d]t * dfr{sf] ;Gbe{ hf]l8g cfpF5 .
xfdL >dhLjL dlxnfx¿n] ljZjsf
kl/jt{gzLn cfGbf]ngdf dlxnfx¿sf]
e"ldsf, of]ubfg, Tofu, alnbfg;Fu
;Fu} hf]8]/ lg/Gt/ dlxnf d'lQm,
clwsf/ / j}1flgs ;dfhjfb tyf
;fDojfbsf] Ph]08f;Fu hf]8]/ of]
lbj;nfO{ dgfpFb} cfPsf 5f} . cfh
;+;f/df e"d08lns[t k'FhLjfbn]
ljZjnfO{ g} 7"nf] c;/ k'¥ofO/x]sf] 5 .
d'l¶e/ dflg;x¿sf] xftdf ljZjsf
cy{tGq s]lGb|t ag]sf] 5 . ;}Go,
/fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts,
ef}uf]lns, lj1fg, k|ljlw / cf0fjLs
xf]8afhL rln/xsf] 5 / ;+;f/nfO{
cfˆgf] d'l¶df Nofpg x/bd sf]lz;
ul//x] s f] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf
pTkLl8t hgtf, /fi6«, >dLs dlxnf,
>dLs ju{x¿ gofF 9+un] ;+ul7t x'bF }
hfg'kg]{ / e"d08lns[t k'FhLjfbn]
;[hgfu/]sf cj/f]wx¿nfO{ rsgfr'/
kfg{k' g]{ cfjZostf 5 .
ha;Dd ;+;f/df e"d08lns[t
k'h
F Ljfb /xG5 ta;Dd >dLs hgtfsf]
clwsf/x¿ :yflkt x'g ;Sb}g . To;sf]
nflu j}1flgs ;dfhjfb / ;fDojfbsf]
:yfkgf clgjfo{ /xG5 . To;}n] cfhsf]
;Gbe{df * dfr{nfO{ dlxnfx¿sf]
clwsf/ / d'lQmsf] gf/fdf dfq} l;ldt
g/fv]/ /fHo, Joj:yf abNg] / ;+;f/df
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb tyf ;fDojfb :yfkgf
ug]{ dfu / ;Gbe{x¿;Fu clgjfo{ hf]8g\ '
kg]{ cfjZostf 5 / /xG5 .
;b:o ljZn]if0f ;L, g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo
;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf ;b:o ;'Gb/ ;L,
g]skf klZrd bfªsf ;]qm]6/L lgd{n
;L, g]skf k'jL{ bfªsf ;]qm]6/L hgs
;L, u0ftflGqs v]ns'b dxf;+3 n'lDagL

kl/jf/nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf clegGbg

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
¿kGb]xLn] Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L
hgo'4 tyf ljleGg cfGbf]ngsf qmddf
Hofg u'dfPsf ;lxb tyf a]kQf ePsf
kl/jf/nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf clegGbg u/]sf]
5 . ;f]daf/ a'6jndf cfof]lht
sfo{qmddf g]skfn] ;lxb tyf a]kQf
kl/jf/nfO{ clegGbg ;lxt vfbf, e'mn
/ hgxL ? !–! xhf/ ¿k}ofF ;xof]u
u/L ;lDemPsf] 5 .
sfo{ q mddf af] N b} g] s kfsf
kf] l n6\ J o' / f] ;b:o j;Gt ;Ln]
hgo'4sf] uf}/jk"0f{ ljut / Hofgsf]
cfx"tL lbg] dxfg ;lxb / a]kQf
of]4fsf] Tofun] cfhsf] /fhgLlts
kl/jt{g ;Dej ePsf] atfP . pgn]
hgo'4 / cfGbf]ngsf] andf k|fKt
ePsf] u0ftflGqs Joj:yfn] ;d]t
g]kfnL hgtfsf k"0f{ ;d:of ;dfwfg
lbg g;s]sf] pNn]v ub}{ o;nfO{ ;do
;fk]If kl/dfh{g ub}{ hfg'kg]{ atfP .
pQm sfo{qmddf g]skf dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k"j{ ;f+;b tyf
;lxb kl/jf/ ;b:o ;f]lgof ofbjn] ;a}
dfcf]jfbL Psh'6 x'gk' g]d{ f hf]8 lbOg\ .
sfo{qmddf g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
tyf ¿kGb]xL lhNnf O{Grfh{ ;/b
;L, dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf ¿kGb]xLsf
;+of]hs lgd{n lh;L, ;lxb a]kQf
kl/jf/ ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj hof
kf}8n
] , g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ lht
axfb'/ /;fOnL, ;lxb kl/jf/ ;dfh
¿kGb] x Lsf cWoIf lzj l3ld/]
nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP .
g]skf ¿kGb]xL blIf0f O{Grfh{
ljZjf;sf] cWoIftfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmdsf]
;~rfng ¿kGb]xL ;]qm]6/L lj/]Gb| ;L /
:jfut gjLg ;Ln] u/]sf lyP .
hgo'4df ¿kGb]xLaf6 em08} &%
hgfn] Hofg u'dfpg'sf ;fy} a]kQf
kfl/Psf] g]skf ¿kGb]xLn] atfPsf]
5 . –k|sfz 8'd|]
pkfWoIfdf j;Gt ;L, ;lrjdf u0f]z
rGb, ;x–;lrj p4j zfx /
sf]iffWoIfdf wd{/fh e08f/LnfO{
lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngaf6
lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿df qmdzM ;Gtf]if
xdfn, x]d/fh a:g]t, a;Gt jnL,
lbks rf}w/L, ljgf, a;Gt ;L, ;Gtf]if
ljs, ljsf; ljs, kjg jnL, :6f/
lhPd, efjgf ljs, lbk]z kl/of/,
hl:jg ljs, ofd axfb'/ s];L -
cfsfz_, ltns a:g]t, ch{g' 3tL{ /
z/b h};L /x]sf 5g\\ .
&cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd
klZrd bfªsf OGrfh{ tyf sfo{qmdsf
k|dv ' cltly k|lbk ;Ln] o'jfx¿nfO{
g]kfnL df6f]df /dfpg] Joj:yf :yfkgf
gx'bF f;Dd qmflGt rln/xg] atfP .
g]kfnL o'jfx¿nfO{ oxL b]zsf] df6f]df
/dfpg] Joj:yf :yfkgf gx'bF f;Dd qmflGt
rln/xG5, pgn] eg] …qmflGt s;}sf]
/x/sf] ljifo xf]Og . xfdLn] qmflGt ul//xg]
/x/n] xf]Og . ;dfhdf ju{, lje]b,
cTofrf/, lyrf]ldrf] x'bF f;Dd qmflGt
rln/xg] s'/f xf] . clxn]klg o'jfx¿n]
g]kfnL df6f]df /dfpg kfPsf 5}gg\ .
oxL b]zdf /f]huf/L kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;|ft]
;fwgn] ;DkGg b]zdf o'jfx¿ ljb]zdf
nfOg nfu]/ k|To]s lbg hfg'kg]{ Joj:yf
Wj:t gx'bF f;Dd qmflGtsf/L o'jfx¿n]
qmflGt /f]Sb}gg\ .Ú
ufpFufpFdf o'jfx¿ nfu"kbfy{
b'Jo{;gLdf r'nD'{ d 8'as ] f 5g\, pgn]
yk eg], …nfu" kbfy{df ufpFufpF nl¶Psf
o' j fx¿nfO{ /f] h uf/Ldf hf] 8 ] /
clxn]sf] bnfn k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo
Joj:yfsf] ljsNkdf ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf
:yfkgfsf nflu ;+3if{df xf]ldg'k5{ .Ú
g]kfndf xfd|f] kf6L{ dfq} xf] h;n]
o'jfx¿nfO{ pTkfbgdf hf]8/] cfly{s
qmflGt ul//x]sf] 5, g]tf k|lbkn] eg]…
;+;bjfbL kf6L{x¿n] o'jfx¿nfO{ k|of]u
dfq} ul//x]sf 5g\ . r'gfjsf a]nf
k};fsf] andf o'jfx¿nfO{ k|of]u ug]{
u/]sf 5g\ . r'gfjb]lv r'gfj;Dd dfq}
o'jfx¿ k|of]u ePsf 5g\ . xfd|f] kf6L{
dfq} xf] g]kfndf h;n] o'jfx¿nfO{
pTkfbgdf hf]8s ] f] 5 . xfd|f qmflGtsf/L
o'jfx¿ >ddf hf]l8Psf 5g\ . xfd|f
o'jfx¿ b}lgs >d ub}{ kf6L{df ;lqmo
9+un] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\, …xfdL gofF
9+un] cfGbf]ng cl3 a9fPsf 5f}F .
g]kfndf >ddf afFrs ] f] kf6L{ xfd|f] dfq}
xf] . xfdLn] cfTdlge{/ kf6L{, cfTdlge{/
g]tf sfo{stf{sf] cleofg rnfPsf 5f}F .
xfdL Psk6s g]kfnsf o'jfx¿nfO{ cfˆg}
b]zsf] df6f]df >d ub}{ ;'Gb/ hLjg
latfpg] Joj:yf NofP/} 5f8\gj] fnf 5f}F .Ú
lbgk|ltlbg ;+;bLo ;Qf ;+s6df
kml;/x]sf] 5, pgn] yk]… of] ;+;bLo
;Qf g} g]kfnsf] d'Vo ;d:of xf] eg]/
xfdLn] PsLs[t hgqmflGt yfn]sf xf}+ .
clxn] t emg\ of] ;Qfsf] ;+s6 5n{Ë
b]lvg] ul/ pbf+uf] ePsf] 5 . /ftf/ft
Joj:yf clgjfo{ ;t{ ePsfn] ;a}
sDo' l g:6, jfdkGyL, b] z eQm,
k|ultlzn tyf ;Rrf nf]stflGqs
u0ftGqjfbL zlQmx¿ Ps7fpFdf cfpg]
a]nf ePsf] atfP .
&cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf g]skfsf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|lbk ;L, o'jf ;+u7g
g]kfnsf dxf;lrj ltns ;L, o'jf
;+u7g g]kfn kfFrf} /fli6«o ;Dd]ng
cfof]hs ;ldlt ;b:o Pjd sfof{no
;b:o ljZn]if0f ;L, g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo
;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf ;b:o ;'Gb/ ;L,
g]skf klZrd bfªsf ;]qm]6/L lgd{n
;L, g]skf k'jL{ bfªsf ;]qm]6/L hgs
;L, u0ftflGqs v]ns'b dxf;+3 n'lDagL
k|bz
] OGrfh{ ?b| ;L, clvn g]kfn
dlxnf ;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
/]vf ;L, ;lxb kl/jf/ ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o wtL{ ;L, clvn g]kfn lzIfs
;+u7g t'n;Lk'/sf ;lrj sdn k|sfz
zdf{, clvn -;dfhjfbL_ klZrd bfª
lhNnf ;b:o s]jL ;L nufotn] ;Dd]ng
;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyP .
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd
klZrd bfªsf OGrfh{ k|lbk ;Lsf] k|dv '
cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf o'jf
;+u7g g]kfnsf dxf;lrj ltns ;L,
o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn kfFrf} /fli6«o ;Dd]ng
cfof]hs ;ldtL ;b:o Pjd sfof{no
k|bz
] OGrfh{ ?b| ;L, clvn g]kfn
dlxnf ;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
/]vf ;L, ;lxb kl/jf/ ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o wtL{ ;L, clvn g]kfn lzIfs
;+u7g t'n;Lk'/sf ;lrj sdn k|sfz
zdf{, clvn -;dfhjfbL_ klZrd bfª
lhNnf ;b:o s] j L ;L, g] s kf
t'n;Lk'/sf OGrfh{ e'jg ;L, g]skf
aaO{sf OGrfh{ pHjn ;L, o'jf ;+u7g
g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd bfª lhNnf
OGrfh{ z'bz{g ;L, ;lxb kl/jf/ ;dfh
bfª lhNnf cWoIf z'/; ] ;L, cg]d;+3
qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd
klZrd bfª lhNnf cWoIf k|sl[ t ;L,
g]skf klZrd bfª lhNnf ;b:ox¿
k|lt/f]w ;L, dgf]h ;L, lbk]Gb| ;L, e/t
;L, v8\u ;L, lvdf ;L, lvd ;L
nufotsf] cfltYo /x]sf] lyof] .
&cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf ;+u7gsf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd /fKtL Ao'/f] OGrfh{
lhjgL ;Ln] Kofgn k|:tfj u/]sf] lyP
eg] xnn] pQm k|:tfj Psdtn] kfl/t
u/]sf] lyof] . &cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf
;fdgf kl/jf/n] cfˆgf] a]hf]8 ;f+:s[lts
k|:t'lt k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] .
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;r]t dfgjLo ;fDojfb k|fKt u/L
;Eo ;fGt / ;d[4 ;dfh lgdf{0f u/L
:yfoL ;'v ;flGt k|fKt ug]{ dfxfg
p2]Zosf] nflu ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf]
kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] xf] . of] ljZjsf]
hgtfsf] nf]slk|o Joj:yf alg;s]sf]
5 . g]kfndf klg g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf]
;dfhjfbsf] nflu ;a} hgtf Ps x'g]
;lx ;do cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf ;a}
sDo'lg:6x¿, j'l4lhjLx¿ b]zeQmx¿,
/fi6«jfbL kqsf/ ;dfh;]jL ;a} cfd
hgtf Ps x'g h?/L 5 . g]kfnL
hgtfsf] ;dfhjfbdf hfg] pTs[i7
rfxfgfnfO{ k'/f ug]{ a]nf ePsf] 5 .
sfo{ j fxs cWoIf tyf g] k fn
;dfhjfbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o_, wg/fd
>]i7 -hgdf]rf{sf lhNnf pkfWoIf_,
;lrg -g]skf qmfdf lhNnf ;+of]hs_,
lag' /fO{ -kqsf/ dxf;+3 lhNnf
pkfWoIf_, ;/:jtL aflgof -o'jf
kqsf/_ nufotn] cfˆgf] wf/0ff
/fv]sf lyP .
pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdf k|:t't
ePsf] cjwf/0ff kqsf] ;xefuL
;a}n] k|z+;f ub}{ a[xt\ sDo'lg:6
Pstfsf] kxn ug{ g]skf / g]skfsf
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] e"ldsf v]Ng'
x' g ] 5 eGg] cfzf JoQm u/] .
sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf g]skf lhNnf
;lrj af]h ;Ln] u/]sf lyP eg]
sfo{qmdsf] ;xlhs/0f cf]vn9'+uf
OGrfh{ nId0f ;Ln] u/]sf lyP .
 4 @)*) ;fn kmfu'g @& ut] cfOtaf/
;xsf/L kLl8tx¿n] Gofo gkfpg] g} x'g\ Û
;xsf/Ldf olta]nf Jofks ;d:of
b]lvPsf] 5 . Pskl5 csf]{ ;xsf/L
eflu/x] s f] cj:yf 5 . o;nfO{
gh/cGbfh ub}{ ;xsf/Ldf hltklg
/sd /fVg kfOg] ljw] o s
k|ltlglw;efaf6 kfl/t ePsf] 5 . ;f]
ljw]os /fli6«o ;efdf k'us ] f] 5 .
/fli6«o ;efn] kfl/t u/]/ /fi6«kltaf6
k|dfl0ft x'g] lalQs} of] sfg"g aG5 .
o;cl3 ;/sf/n] ;xsf/Ldf @%
nfv ¿k}ofFeGbf a9L /sd /fVg gkfOg]
eg]/ ljw]osdf ;d]6s ] f] lyof] . t/,
;f]] a'bF f x6fOof] . k|ltlglw;efdf ePsf]
;ldltn] ;f] a'bF f g} x6fOlbPsf] xf] .
artstf{nfO{ …n'6Ú eg]/ ;/sf/n]
sfg'g agfpg nfu]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldf
hl6n ;d:of b]lvFbf / s/f]8f}+
artstf{sf] #* va{ ¿k}ofF ;xsf/Ln]
em\jfDd kfl/lbFbf;d]t ;f+;b\x¿sf]
cfFvf gv'Ng' nfhdbf]{ s'/f xf] .
Pp6} art stf{sf] !% s/f]8
¿k}ofF;Dd ;xsf/Ln] vfOlbPsf] 5 .
xhf/ / nfv 8'Ag] t slt x'g\ slt Û
;bgn] hfgfhfg artstf{ km;fpg
vf]hs ] f] 5 . Pp6f ;xsf/Ldf Ps nfv
¿k}ofFeGbf a9L art ug{ gkfpg]
gLlt Nofpg'kg]d{ f hltklg /fVg kfpg]
elg sfg"g kfl/t ul/lbg'xG' 5 Û
clxn] nfvf}+ artstf{ ;'sD' af;L
ePsf 5g\, sf/0f s] Û ;/sf/df …dflkmofÚ
x¿ x'bF f of] cj:yf cfPsf] xf]Og\ Û ;/sf/n]
klxNo} ;xsf/Ldf lgodg ul/lbPsf] eP
of] cj:yf g} cfpFbg} Y\ of] . cfˆgf] k};f
8' a ] s f] ;xg g;s] / sltkon]
cfTdxTofsf] af6f] /f]hs ] f 5g\ .
clwsf+z l8k|];gsf] /f]uL ePsf
5g\ . 3/v]t a]r]sf] k};f ;xsf/Ln]
;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg PKknnfO{ !(=% lalnog hl/jfgf Û
sf7df8f} F . k| w fgdGqL tyf
dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{non] ;f]daf/
/fhkqdf ;" r gf k| s flzt ub} {
lgodfjnLsf] !#cf}+ ;+zf]wg u/]sf]
hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] lgodfjnLsf]
;+zf]wg;+u} ;dodf sfd ;DkGg
gePsf / sfd rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf
b]ze/Lsf b'O{ xhf/ cfof]hgfx¿sf]
Dofb ylkg] ePsf] 5 . sfd ;DkGg
gePsf cfof]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fsf]
sfd ul//x]sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx¿n]
dfu u/]sf] ;docg';f/ g} ;do yk
ug]u{ /L ;+zf]lwt lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} ;do yksf]
clwsf/ ;DalGwt cfof] h gfsf
sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . t/,
lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf
sfd ;DkGg x'g g;Sg'sf sf/0fx¿
eg] k]; ug{k' g]{ 5 .
…lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] k]; u/]sf]
sfo{tflnsf adf]lhdsf] s'g–s'g sfd
s] s:tf] sf/0fn] x'g g;s]sf] xf] ;f]
sf] k'i6\ofO{+ / sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg]
cjlw v'nfO{ ;+zf]lwt sfo{tflnsf tyf
Dofb yksf sf/0f yk cfly{s bfaL
gug]{ k|lta4tf;lxt of] lgod hf/L
ePsf] ldltn] lt; lbgleq lgj]bg
lbPdf pQm sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg]
jf:tljs yk cjlw olsg u/L tyf
sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt, aLdf / k]ZsL
vfOlbPkl5 ;'s'Daf;L x'gk/]sf] 5 .
of]eGbf sxfnLnfUbf] s'/f s] xf]nf Û
s/f]8kltnfO{ ;xsf/Ln] /f]8klt
agfOlbPsf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldf k};f
x'g]x¿ …3/ g 3f6Ú sf] ePsf 5g\ .
o:tf] cj:yf b]Vbfb]Vb} klg ;xsf/Lsf
…bnfnÚ x¿sf] kIfdf ;/sf/n] sfd
ul//x]sf] 5 .
;xsf/Ln] 3/leq} snx
dRrfOlbPsf] 5 . kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw
lalu|Psf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;~rfnssf]
ab\df;L lg/Gt/ aflxl//x]sf] 5 .
;~rf/dfWodn] ;xsf/L ;'wf/sf
lglDt ;/sf/nfO{ lg/Gt/
3R3rfO/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] kLl8t
artstf{sf] k};f lkmtf{ ug{ kxn
ug]{ ls cem} 8'afpg vf]Hg] Û
;/sf/ hgtfk|lt clnslt klg
hjfkmb]xL ePg\ Û Pp6f lhNnfsf dfq
xf]Og\, b]ze/sf hgtfsf] cfFvfdf cfFz'
l6lNknfPsf] 5 . sxFf hfpmF / s] u?
Û eg]/ ;xsf/L kLl8tx¿ cnkq
kf/]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/L kLl8tn] dfOtL3/
d08nfdf ^@ lbg cfGbf]ng u/] .
ut ;fpg !* ut] pgLx¿n] a[xt
cfGbf]ng;d]t u/] . e"ld Joj:yf,
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqL
/l~htf >]i7n] pgLx¿sf] cfGbf]ng
rls{g] ePkl5 xtf/xtf/ ;ft a'Fb]
;Demf} t f ul/g\ . t/, vf] O t
sfof{Gjog Û ;xsf/L kLl8tnfO{
e'mSofpg] sfd ;/sf/af6} eof] .
kLl8tn] af/Daf/ ;xsf/Lsf
bnfnx¿nfO{ sf/afxL ug{ dfu
ul/;s]sf 5g\ . t/, ;/sf/n] ;'gj' fO{
u/]sf] 5}g\ . ;/sf/n] g} ltgnfO{
;+/If0f u/]sf] cj:yf 5, clg kLl8tn]
;DaGwL hdfgtsf] cjlw sfod /x]sf]
;'lglZrt u/L af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{
clwsf/Ln] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .
lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] #) lbgleq
Dofb yksf] lg0f{o ug{k' g]{ / ;+zf]lwt
lgodfjnLcg';f/ cfof]hgfsf] Dofb
gyKg] sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL
ul/g] Joj:yf ;+zf]lwt lgodfjnLdf
ul/Psf] 5 . yk ul/Psf] cjlwdf
klg Joj;foLn] sfd ug{ g;s]df
;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug]{ / sfnf];r " Lsf
nflu n]vL k7fpg'kg]{ lgodfjnLdf
pNn]v 5 . sfd ;DkGg gePsf
cfof]hgfx¿sf] Dofb yk ug{ lgdf{0f
Joj;foLx¿n] nfdf] ;dob] l v
;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbFb} cfPsf lyP .
;/sf/n] u/] s f] vl/b
n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
…If]Kof:qÚ ;fKtflxs / …hgva/Ú cgnfOgdf
k|sfzgfy{ /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf n]v, /rgf /
tl:j/x¿ pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g OR5's
;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|
yfkfufp“, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com
janakhabar@gmail.com
sxfFaf6 Gofo kfpF5g\ Û clxn] k'gM
;xsf/Ls} lxtdf sfd ul/Fb}5 .
;xsf/L dxf;+3n] h] eGof] ;/sf/ ToxL
u5{, kLl8tsf] cfjfh s;n] ;'Gg] Û
;/sf/n] h' g P] g Nofpg
vf]lh/x]sf] 5, To;n] s] :ki6 x'G5
eg] ;xsf/L ;~rfns ;a} /fhgLlts
bnsf emf]n] x'g\ . ltgnfO{ /fhgLlts
bnn] g} hf]ufpg vf]hs ] f 5g\ . Pp6f
cg';f yfkf
3/df Pp6feGbf a9L ;xsf/L vf]Ng
gkfOg] Joj:yf 5 . t/, Pp6} 3/df
cfwf bh{g a9L ;xsf/L ;~rfng
ePsf] lyof] .
…6f]n6f]ndf ;xsf/L, 3/3/df
esf/LÚ sf] gf/f lbP/ ;xsf/L vf]lnof] .
tL ;xsf/Ln] 3/3/df esf/L xf]Og\,
ePsf] klg l/Qf] kfl/lbPsf 5g\ .
;xsf/L ;~rfns / sd{ r f/L
/fhgLlts kf6L{ s f emf] n ] x' g \ .
/fhgLlts bnx¿n] cfˆgf] kf6L{sf
sfo{stf{nfO{ ;xsf/L vf]Ng nufP .
;xsf/Lsf ;~rfns olt;Dd
ab\df; ePls aofg ul/;fWo 5}g\ .
ahf/af6 k};f tfGgsf nflu Aofhsf]
k|nf]eg b]vfOof] . To;kl5 ljleGg
ckm/x¿ NofOof] . hGdlbgdf s]s,
lgodfjnLsf] ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfn]
vf;u/L ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] If]q ;8s
k"jf{wf/, l;FrfO, ejg, ;x/L ljsf;,
ljB't\ cfof]hgfnufot k"jf{wf/;Fu
;DalGwt cfof] h gfsf lgdf{ 0 f
Joj;foLx¿ nfeflGjt x'g] ePsf
5g\ . ;/sf/n] @)&( c;f/ @! df
;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg
u/L Ps jif{;Dd ?U0f 7]Ssfsf] Dofb
yk ug{ af6f] vf]n]sf] lyof] . lgdf{0f
Joj;foLx¿sf clxn] ;/sf/sf]
tkm{ a f6 b' O { xhf/ a9L
cfof]hgfx¿sf] Dofb yk ePsf
5}gg\ . ;fy} pgLx¿n] clxn] klg
sfo{;DkGg ePsf cfof]hgfx¿af6
kfpg'kg]{ ^) ca{ ¿k}ofF eGbf a9L
e'QmfgL kfpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .
a'9fkfsfnfO{ nf}/f] . o:tf] ubf{ub}{
;xsf/Ln] ;a}nfO{ 8'afof] . ;xsf/Ln]
hfndf o;/L km;fof] ls sf]xL
afpl8g} ;s]gg\ .
Pdfn]sf kbd lu/L, sf+u|];sf]
uug yfkf / /f:jkfsf /lj nfld5fg]
s]xL lbgcl3 ;bgdf ;xsf/Llj?4
af]n] . t/, ;xsf/Ldf hltklg k};f
/fVg kfpg] ljw]os kfl/t x'g] a]nfdf
t ltgLx¿ r'OSs af]ng] g\ . slt;Dd
gf}6+sL ug{ hfg]sf x'g\ Û logLx¿sf]
9f]+u ca hgtfn] a'em\g h?/L 5 .
cfd ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfFvfdf w'n F f]
emf]Sg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf]
lbg ;xsf/L kLl8tsf] lxtdf af]ne ] m}+
u/], ef]lnkN6 ;xsf/L ;~rfnssf]
lxtdf cfPsf] ljw] o s kfl/t
ul/lbP . logLx¿sf] c;nL cg'xf/
hgtfn] b]lv;s]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/L
rNb}g\, ;xsf/L ;~rfns …km6fxfÚ
x'g\ eGg] s'/f cfd ;j{;fwf/0fn] yfxf
kfO;s]sf 5g\ .
;j{ ; fwf/0fn] ;xsf/Ldfly
cljZjf; ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/Ldf
ePsf] artdfly z'l4s/0f ljefun]
slxn] 5fglag u/]g\ . ;xsf/L sfnf]
wg n'sfpg] ynf] ag]sf] lyof] . /fhZj
5n]sf], unt sfd u/]/ sdfPsf]
k};f ;xsf/Ldf lyof] . ;xsf/L
ljefun] klg slxn]klg cg'udgdf
rf;f] b]vfPg\ .
;xsf/Ln] artstf{sf] k};f sxFf
nufgL u/]sf] 5 Û shf{ nufgL ;'/lIft
5 ls 5}g˜\ Û ;/sf/n] s]xL klg x]/g] \ .
;xsf/L ;~rfnsx¿n] rfF8f] gfkmf
sdfpgsf nflu k} ; f wdfwd
3/hUufdf nufgL u/] . dL6/Aofhdf
sf7df8f}F . o'/f]kn] L ;‹n] PKknnfO{
!=* lalnog o'/f] jf sl/a !(=%
lalnog cd]l/sg 8n/ hl/jfgf u/fPsf]
5 . cg';Gwfgaf6 :kf]l6kmfO{ h:tf
Do'lhs l:6«ldª ;]jfx¿af6 pgLx¿sf]
k|lt:kwf{ lgs} ;Lldt /x]sf] kQf
nufPkl5 ;f] hl/jfgf ul/Psf] xf] .
PKkndf nufOPsf] hl/jfgf ck]lIft
eGbf rf/ u'0ff a9L xf] lsgls Oo'n]
cgnfOg ;]jfx¿sf] nflu cfˆgf] k|dv ' sf/0f ;j{;fwf/0fn] Do'lhs l:6«ldª
ahf/ l:yltsf] b'¿kof]u ug]{ 6]s
sDkgLx¿ lj?4 s8f sf/afxL ug]{
b]vfpg vf]hs ] f] 5 .
o'/f]kn
] L k|lt:kwf{ cfo'Qm dfu{/6]
j]:6]h/n] eg] ls ;fgf] hl/jfgf kfls{ª
hl/jfgf eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g t/ PKkn
shf{ nufgL ul/GYof] . ;xsf/L
;~rfnsn] cfˆgf] dgf]dfgL rnfpFbf /
cGwfw'Gw nufgL ubf{ ;xsf/Ldf hl6n
;d:of cfPsf] t 3fdh:t} 5n{ªu\ 5 .
;xsf/Ln] shf{ nufgL ubf{ Ps
k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]jfz'Ns lng
kfpFb}g\ . !^ k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh
lng kfOFb}g\ . t/, ;xsf/Ln] tLg
k| l tzt;Dd ;] j fz' N s lnGy] + .
jif}l{ kR5] C0f gjLs/0f ubf{ klg tLg
k|ltzt c;'Ng], C0f r'Qmf ubf{ klg
tLg k|ltzt ;]jfz'Ns lng] .
Aofh eGg] a]nfdf @@, p7fpg]
a]nfdf &) k|ltzt . b'lgofF hf]8]/
C0fLnfO{ lzlyn agfOGYof] . %)
nfvsf] lwtf]df #) nfv lbg] . To;df
klg tLg nfv 3'; . tLg ls:tf gltg]{
lalQs} lwtf] krfOlbg] . o:tf] xs{t
;xsf/Ln] ub} { cfPsf] lyof] .
;xsf/Laf6 C0f lnPsfsf] gfd
sfnf];r " Ldf /fVg kfOFbg} \ .
sfnf];r" Ldf /fVg] sfg'g g} 5}g\ .
C0fLn] Ps ls:tf ltg{ g;Sg]lalQs}
…t]/f] gfd sfnf];r " Ldf /flvlbG5'Ú eg]/
ysf{pg], 3/d} u'08f k7fpg] / p;sf]
lwtf] vfP/} 5f] 8 \ g ] . ;xsf/Ln]
C0fLnfO{ ;8s5fk g} agfpF5 .
b]ze/sf] v]tLof]Uo hldg ;sfpgdf
;xsf/L ;~rfnss} xft 5 .
/ftf/ft gfkmf sdfpg] ePkl5
;xsf/L ;~rfnsn] wdfwd hUuf
Knflgª\u u/] . artstf{sf] k};f
wdfwd hUufdf xflnof] . hasL
;/sf/n] hUufdf nufgL u/ eg]sf]
t lyPg\ . ul/ax¿nfO{ ;xh xf];\
eg] / vf] N g Ohfht lbOPsf]
;xsf/Lsf ;~rfnsx¿ …km6fxfÚ x'bF f
jf o;sf dflg;x¿nfO{ km]l/ o:t} sfd
ug{af6 /f]Sgsf] nflu !=* o'/f]lkog
lalnog l8hfOg ul/Psf] xf] .
j]:6]h/n] eg], …dnfO{ nfU5,
k|efjzfnL sDkgLn] u}/sfg"gL sfd
u/] sf/afxL x'G5 eGg] x]g{ h?/L 5 .
o:tf ljifodf xfdL cfˆgf] ;+sNk
b]vfpg rfxG5f},F Ú pgn] cuf8L eg],
…PKknsf oL k|lt:kwf{ lj/f]wL lgodsf
;]jfsf nflu cfjZostf eGbf a9L
k};f ltg{k' g]{ eof] . PKknsf lgodx¿n]
u|fxsx¿nfO{ xflg k'¥ofof] . u|fxsx¿n]
;a} hfgsf/L k|of]u ug{ jf ;"lrt
5gf}6x¿ ug{ g;Sg] u/L dxTjk"0f{
hfgsf/Lx¿ n'sfOPsf] lyof] . o;
s/f]8f}+sf] lahf]u eof] .
artstf{sf] k};fdf df]hd:tL
ubf{ cfh ;xsf/L tx;gx; aGof] .
artstf{n] klg cfˆgf] k};f sxfF
nufgL ul/Psf] 5 Û vf]h]gg\ . ha
;xsf/L 8' A of] , ta dfq vf] H g
yflnof] . ahf/df cfPsf] cfly{s
dGbL ;xsf/Ln] v]Kg ;s]g\ . 3/hUuf
g} laqmL gePkl5 ;xsf/Ln] sxfFaf6
k};f Nofcf];\ Û
l56f] gfkmf sdfpg vf]Hbfsf]
k|ltkmn ;xsf/L ;~rfnsn] kfPsf
5g\ . ;xsf/Lx¿ /ftf/ft s'n]nd
7f] l s/x] s f 5g\ . clwsf+ z aGb
eO;s]sf 5g\ . gefu]sf ;xsf/Ln]
;d]t k};f lkmtf{ lbg ;ls/x]sf
5}gg\ . hUuf lng';\, ;]o/ lng';\
eG5, ;xsf/L . artstf{n] hUuf /
;]o/df nufgL u/ eg]/ t k};f /fv]sf
t xf]Ogg\ xf]nf Û
;xsf/Ldf ePsf] artstf{sf]
k};fsf] lhDdf s;n] lng] Û /fhgLlts
bn r'OSs gaf]Ng], ;/sf/ ;~rfnss}
lxtdf sfd ug]{ clg kLl8tsf] kIfdf
rfF l x sf] plelbg] Û /fhgLlts
bnx¿sf] kmf]xf]/L v]ndf ;j{;fwf/0f
km;] . /fhgLlts bnsf] ;+/If0fdf t
;xsf/Ln] o:tf] sfd u/]sf] k|i6} 5 .
ca ;+f;bx¿sf] d's'6 nufPsf]
cg'xf/df sf]xL klg km:g' x'Fb}g\ .
;/sf/n] s]xL ub}{g\ eGg] s'/f k|i6}
5 . ;xsf/Ldf k};f /fVg' …cfˆgf]
v'§fdf cfkm}+ a~r/f]Ú xfGg' ;/x xf] .
hgtfaf6 r' l gP/ uPsf
hgk|ltlglwx¿n] hgtfnfO{ ?jfpg]s}
lxtdf sfg"g kfl/t u/]sf 5g\ . of]
s'/f hgtfn] lal;{g' x'Fb}g\ .
sf/0fn] ubf{ s] x L u| f xsx¿n]
pgLx¿nfO{ yfxf lyPg ls pgLx¿nfO{
x'g ;S5 eg]/ w]/} lt/]sf] x'g ;S5 .Ú
j]:6]h/n] of] hl/jfgf PKknsf]
ljZjJofkL Jofkf/sf] )=% k|ltzt
/x]sf] atfP .
:kf‘l6kmfO{, ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
;+uLt l:6«ldª ;]jf, ts{ 5 ls
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r'gf}tLk"0f{ / ;Dj]bgzLn df]8df 5 . lgoGq0fdf /fv]sf] u0ftGqnfO{ j}1flgs sxfF hfG5 s'g} dtna 5}g, ljsf; / kfq / k|jl[ tx¿ o; wf/fdf ;lqmo k|0ffnL xf] . of] k|0ffnL jt{dfg e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug{ e|i6frf/sf
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e|i6frf/sf sf08}sf08sf vftdf agfpFb} nu]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] tLg–k'h F Lut vr{ . oL ;a} ;"rsf+ssf] @= oyfl:yltjfbL wf/f M df}hb' f d'Vo ljz]iftfx¿ pQ/bfoL gful/ssf nfuL ufF;, afF;,
zf;sx¿ ;'lt/x]sf 5g\ . :jf:Yo, lzIff aLrdf ;dfhjfbsf] hLjGt ;kgfn] sxfnLnfUbf] tYof+ssf] af/]df ;a}nfO{ Joj:yfsf] dlxdfdlG8t ug],{ ;d:ofsf] != bfz{lgs dfGotf M ;dfhsf] skf;, lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/L /
h:tf cfwf/e" t cfjZostfx¿ cfzfsf] pHofnf] ljsNk b]vfO/x]sf g]kfn hfgsf/L / cg'el" t g} 5 . e|i6frf/sf] sf/0f cy{/fhgLlts Joj:yfdf gvf]Hg], ljsf; s'g lbzfdf hfG5 eGg] lgisif{ ;"rgfsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]5 { .
cfdhgtfsf] kx'r F af6 6f9f 5g\\ . g]kfnL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L cs06s >[vnf– olt, cf]DgL, lu/LaGw' ;d:ofnfO{ cd's kfq / kf6L{;uF dfq tt\ ;dosf dfgsåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/G5 – cTolws ;d[l4sf] nflu JolQm /
o'jf ljBfyL{x¿n] g]kfndf eljio b]Vg nufotsf g]tfx¿nfO{ kqmfp k'hL{ hf/L 6L :6]6, Pg;]n, ;'g, gSsnL e'6fgL hf]8g\ ,] ljwfg / 3f]if0ff kqx¿df / x'G5 . ha ljsf;qmddf gofF ;DaGw, ;+:yfn] Ifdtf k|of]u ug]{ ;Dk"0f{
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5g\ . kl/jf/ ;dfhx¿ lj36g if8\oGq rln/x]sf] 5 . j:t'tM /fhgLlts sfG8}sf08sf] nfdf] ljj/0f k9\g} k6\of/ t/ sfo{Gjogdf hfg slxNo} tof/ cfpF5g\, klxNo}sf] lbzf clgZro aGg Joj:yfkgdf /fHon] bfloTj axg
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g]kfnL ;dfh pHofnf] eljiosf] gofF /fhgLltsf] d'Vo ;+s6 xf] . t;y{ ca km}lnPsf] 5 . oL ;a} ljsf/x¿, g]kfnsf] u/]/ cfk"m /fd|f] b]lvg], ;+;bLo ;dfhnfO{ lg/Gt/ ¿kfGt/0f ug]{ Ifdtf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg, Jofkf/af6 ;d[l4
ljsNksf] Aou| k|ltIffdf 5 . hgtfn] ;dfhjfbL /fhgLlts k|0ffnL dfGo cy{/fhgLlt bnfn k'hLkltsf] sAhfdf ljsf/af6 cflht hgcfqmf]znfO{ xn /fVg} k5{ . o;nfO{ clgZro–;Defjgf, xfl;n ul/g]5 .
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k'gu{7g ul//x]sf 5g\ . hgtfdf km]l/ alnof] agfpFb} b]znfO{ g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] cy{tGqnfO{ bnfn k'hLjfbsf] lhDdf gofF / k'/fgf kfq / k|jl[ Qn] o; ;xL lbzf k|bfg ug{ ;S5 . ul/g]5 .
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;+s6 ;w}+ r'gf}tL af]s/] dfq cfpFbg} kfN;L ukmsf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . o;sf g]kfnL Ph]G6x¿n] u/]sf x'g\ . #= cu|ufdL wf/f M :jfwLgtfsf] ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb g]kfnL >lds ;Da4{g ug]5 { . g]kfnsf] /fi6«lxt
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5 xfd|f cjwf/0ffx¿ oxfFx¿sf ;Nnfx, hLjgdf pT;jdo 9+un] nfu" ul//x]sf] cd]l/sL kl/of]hgf Pd;L;L, g]kfnL zlQmx¿n] o; lrGtgwf/fnfO{ nf] s tflGqs u0ftGqjfbL / -af“sL ^ k]hdf_
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clwsf/sf] k|ZgnfO{ ;zQm 9+un] p7fpFb}
/f]huf/Ldf dlxnfn] cj;/ kfpg'sf ;fy}
lzz' :ofxf/nufotsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{
dfudf hf]8 lbPsf lyP . ;fy} >lds
dlxnfx¿nfO{ ljZj >lds cfGbf]ngdf
;xefuL x'g cfu|x ;d]t u/]sf lyP .
To;kl5 ;g\ !*&! df cGt/f{li6«o
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;df Pp6f
P]ltxfl;s kl/36gf 3l6t x'g k'Uof] .
Tof] s] xf] eg] k]l/; sDo'g -!* dfr{ –
@* d] !*&!_ xf] . k]l/; sDo'gsf]
c;kmntf kZrft\ k'h F LjfbL zf;sx¿n]
>lds cfGbf]ngnfO{ lgd{dtfk"j{s
bafpg yfn] . To;k|sf/sf] u+eL/
cj:yfnfO{ lrg{ / >lds ju{sf] d'lQmsf
nflu ;fdflhs hgjfbL >lds kf6L{sf]
u7g eof] . dlxnf >ldsx¿ klg
To;df ;+ul7t x'g yfn] . To;/L >lds
dlxnf /fhgLlts bndf ;d]t ;xefuL
x'g yfn] .
cd] l /sfsf ljleGg dlxnf
;+u7gx¿ ldn]/ cd]l/sL /fli6«o dlxnf
dtflwsf/ ;+3 u7g u/]sf lyP . To;n]
cd] l /sfd dtflwsf/ ;DalGw
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;zQm 9+un] cufl8
a9fpg yflnPsf] lyof] . To;sf] k|efj
cGo b]zx¿df klg kg{ yfNof] . la|l6;
;+;b\df dlxnf clwsf/sfaf/]df s'/f
p7]sf] @% jif{ kl5 ;g\ !*(# df dlxnfn]
dtflwsf/ kfpg] ljZjs} klxnf] b]zsf]
¿kdf Go' l hNofG8sf dlxnfn]
dtflwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf lyP . To;
36gfn] ljZje/sf dlxnfx¿df
cfzfsf] ls/0f km}ng yfNof] .
ToxL l;nl;nfdf ;g\ !*(@ af6
Snf/f h]l6\sgsf] ;Dkfbgdf hd{gLsf]
>lds dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] d'vkq
æ;dfgtfÆ kflIfssf] dfWodaf6
cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf g} dlxnf aLr ;r]tgf
cleofgsf nflu k|l] /t ug{ yfNof] . ;g
!*(& dfr{ * sf lbg plrt kfl/>lds
/ lglZrt sfo{306fsf] dfu ub}{
cd]l/sfsf] Go'of]sd{ f >lds dlxnf
k|bz{gdf plqPsf lyP . Tof] qmd cufl8
a9\b} hfFbf Snf/f h]l6\sgsf] g]tT[ jdf
;g !()& dfr{ * df hd{gLsf]
:6'6uf8{df ;dfhjfbL dlxnfsf] klxnf]
cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng u/L æ>lds dlxnf
;+3Æ sf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof]] .
;g\ !()* dfr{ * df cd]l/sfsf]
Go'of]sd{ f >lds dlxnfx¿n] dtflwsf/
kfpg'k5{ eGg] dfu /fv]/ k'gM k|bz{g
u/]sf lyP . ;g\ !()( dfr{ * s} lbg
cd]l/sfs} l;sfuf] zx/sf dlxnfx¿
k'?if;/x ;dfg clwsf/sf] dfu;lxt
Jofks x8tfn ub}{ h'n; ' k|bz{gdf
plqPsf lyP . To;n] >lds aLrsf]
zlQmnfO{ yk ;'99[ agfof] .
;g\ !(!) df !& b]zsf >lds /
/fhgLlts dlxnf k|ltlglwsf ;fy}
lkmgNofG8df klxnf]k6s lgjf{lrt
ePsf tLg hgf dlxnf ;f+;b\;lxt
em08} !)) hgf ;dfhjfbL dlxnfsf]
aLrdf bf];|f] cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf
;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .
kIfkftLaLr P]Soa4tf lbj;sf] ¿kdf
dfr{ * nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o:t/df >lds
dlxnf lbj;sf] ¿kdf dgfpg Snf/f
h]l6\sgåf/f /flvPsf] k|:tfj Psdtn]
kfl/t ePsf] lyof] .
;g\ !(!! af6 dfr{ * sf] lbgnfO{
ljZje/ ;dfgtfsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf
dgfpg yflnof] . ;g\ !(!$ df klxnf]
ljZjo'4 ePsf] ljleGg b]zsf b]zeQm,
zflGtlk|o >dhLjL hgtf To; o'4sf]
lj/f]wdf plqPsf lyP . o'/f]kdf >lds
dlxnfn] o'4lkkfz'x¿sf] e08fkmf]/ ub}{
ljZjzflGt / /fli6«o d'lQmsf nflu
cGt/f{ l i6« o lnu u7g ub} { o' 4
lbj; -dfr{ *_ nfO{ o'4 lj/f]w /
ljZjzflGtsf] kIfdf dgfPsf lyP . ;g\
!(!& sf] cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf
lbj;sf] cj;/df ?;sf >dhLjL
dlxnfx¿n] ef]ud/L, o'4 / hf/zfxLsf
lj?4 cfGbf]ng u/]sf lyP . pQm
cfGbf]ngdf sf/vfgf x8tfn u/L ;Dk"0f{
>ldsx¿n] ;fy lbPsf lyP . To;}
jif{ cyf{t\ ;g\ !(!& cS6f]a/ @% -
gf]eD] a/ &_ sf lbg dxfg\ ?;L cS6f]a/
;dfhjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg eof] .
To;kl5 ?;L dlxnfx¿n] /fhgLlts
¿kdf ;dfgtf / :jtGqtf k|fKt u/]sf
lyP ;g\ !($* sf] * dfr{df :k]gsf]
d]l8«8 zx/df xhf/f}+ >lds dlxnf
;/sf/sf] lg/+sz ' tflj?4 k|bz{gdf
plqPsf lyP .
To:t} dfr{ * s} lbg lrlgof
dlxnfx¿n] hfkfgL cfqmd0fsf lj?4
n8\g / dlxnfx¿sf] hLjg ;'wf/ Nofpg]
p2]Zon] æ;Ldf If]qLo dlxnf ;+3Æ u7g
ub}{ /fli6«o ;'/Iffsf ljifodf cfˆgf]
;Dj]bgl;ntf k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
o;/L dfr{ * ljZje/sf >lds
dlxnfx¿n] cfˆgf] d'Qm cfGbf]ngsf]
k|tLssf] dgfpg yfn]sf] ^% jif{kl5
;+oQ' m /fi6« ;+3n] ;g\ !(&% df cfOk'Ubf
To;jif{nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf jif{,
!(&%–*% nfO{ dlxnf bzs 3f]if0ff
ub}{ dfr{ * nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]
¿kdf dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u¥of]
g]kfndf * dfr{
dfr{ * nfO{ g]kfndf klxnf]k6s
lj= ;+= @)!& af6 cGt/f{li6«o >lds
dlxnf lbj;sf] ¿kdf dgfpg z'?
ul/Psf] xf] . To;otf rf/ bzs kf/
eO;s]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf lg/Gt/tf
kfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . o; lx;fan] g]kfndf
klg cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf lbj;
dgfpFb} cfPsf] Oltxf; klg nfdf]
eO;s]sf] 5 . ljut jif{ em} o; jif{
klg cfh dfr{ *, @)@$ lj= ;+=
@)*) kmfu'g @% sf b]ze/sf >lds
tyf pTkLl8t dlxnfx¿n] cGt/f{li6«o
>lds dlxnf lbj;sf] ¿kdf w'dwfdsf
;fy dgfpg uO/x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng /
k| h ftflGqs cfGbf] n gdf xhf/f} +
dlxnfx¿, g]kfnL cfdfsf c;n tyf
cfFl6 5f]/Lx¿n] hgjfb / hghLljsf
k|flKtsf nflu hLjg pT;u{ ub}{ cfPsf]
uf}/jk"0f{ Oltxf; ufyf 5 g]kfnL
dlxnfx¿sf] . ;a}eGbf hLjg pT;u{
dxfg\ b; jif]{ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf xhf/f}+
dlxnf lbbLalxgLx¿n] hLjg ck{0f
ul/;s]sf 5g\ . o;cy{df qmflGtsf/L
g]kfnL dlxnfx¿sf] jL/tfsf] Oltxf;
Hofb} uf}/jk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .
cGTodf Snf]/f h]l6\sg, /f]h
nShDju{, ofÍfO{ x'O,{ lrofË lrË
nufotsf cGt/f{ l i6« o jL/
jL/+ufgfx¿n] z'? u/]sf] / lgdf{0f tyf
kl/rfng u/]sf] cGt/f{li6«o >lds
dlxnf d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;
uf}/jk"0f{ / jL/tfk"0f{ Oltxf;n] el/k"0f{
5 . c? jL/tfsf uf}/jufyf a'Gb} /,
cfˆgf] nIo / p2]Zo k|flKtsf] n8fOFdf
cljrlnt 9+un] cufl8 a9\g5 ] eGg]
ljZjf;sf ;fy !!$ cff}+ cGt/f{li6«o
>lds dlxnf lbj;sf] ;kmntfsf]
z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5' .
-n]vs M jl/i7 dfS;{jfbL n]vs
Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o n]vs tyf kqsf/
s]Gb|sf cWoIf x'g\ ._
jt{ d fg=====
;Dkbf / ko{ 6 gnfO{ cfly{ s
cfwf/sf] d"n>f]tdf ablng]5 .
– cfly{s sfo{df k|ljlw / dfgj
>dnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug]5 { . vf8L
c/asf d/e"ld / sfnf kxf8nfO{
;'Gb/ agfpg] kfv'/fx¿ g]kfn
agfpg] cleofgdf /f]huf/L;lxt
nfda4 ul/g]5 . ljZjsf] h'g;'s}
uf]nfw{df k'us ] f g]kfnL lj1 / bIf
k|fljlwsx¿sf] Ifdtf / cg'ejnfO{
g]kfnsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] sd{df
hf]l8g] 5 .
$= ;f+:s[lts ljz]iftf
– g]kfn ax';:+ s[lt ePsf] b]z xf] .
hgtfn] nfdf] >d, ;3if{ / hLjg
;~rfngsf] qmddf s]xL ;RrfO, s]xL
e|d, s]xL sfNklgs cf:yfsf
cfwf/df lgdf{0f u/]sf k/Dk/fut
;+:s[ltx¿ 5g\ . o:tf ;+:s[ltdf
/x] s f ;RrfOx¿sf] ;+ / If0f,
hglj/f]wL ;+:s[ltnfO{ lg?T;flxt,
kl/dflh{g tyf hgpkof]uL u/fpg'
kb{5 / hg;+:s[ltx¿sf] ;Ddfg,
;+/If0f / k|f]T;fxg ug{'kb{5 .
;f+:s[lts lje]b / cfly{s –dfgl;s
zf]if0fsf] cGTo ug}k{ 5{ .
– /fHon] cfˆgf hgtfsf] Oltxf;, uf}/j,
kf}/v ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;
ug]{ ul/ sfo{qmdx¿ ljsf; ug]5 { .
– hgtfsf] ;F3if{, qmflGt, ljb|fx] /
>lds hgtfsf] d]xgtn] ;[hgf
ePsf gljg, ef}ltsjfbL, j}1flgs
;+:s[ltnfO{ ljz]if ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f /
ljsf; ug]5 { .
– x/]s gful/sn] >d / ;dosf] k|of]u
ug]{ cj;/ ;[hgf ug]5 { .
– 1fg / >dnfO{ :jb]zd} /fv]/
pTkfbgnfO{ lgof{t ug]{ ;+:s[ltsf]
ljsf; ug]5 { . ljb]zLsf] rfs/L ug],{
dfu]/ vfg], xft k;f/]/ vfg] k/fl>t
cfbt, ;+:sf/sf] cGTo ug]5 { .
– >d, dgf] / ~hg, cWoog–
cg';GwfgnfO{ ;dfhjfbn] gofF
;+:s[ltsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ub{5 .
dfG5] ;dfhdf ;';Eo aGgsf nflu
>d, dgf] / ~hg, cWoog–
cg';GwfgdWo] s'g} Ps eP/ dfq
k'Ub}g . tLg} ljifodf ;Ifd / bIf
eP/ dfq pm Pp6f of]Uo gful/s
aGb5 .
%= ;fdflhs ljz]iftf
– cdfgjLo hft Joj:yfnfO{ pGd'ng
ul/g]5 . ;dfhsf ;fdflhs ;+:sf/,
;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ub}{ wfld{s
cGwljZjf; af]S;L, wfdL, emfFqmL
k|yfnfO{ /fHon] pGd'ng ug]5{ . x/]s
gful/snfO{ j}1flgs 1fgåf/f
k|lzlIft ug]{ cleofg rflng] 5 .
– lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, ;'rgf h:tf
ljifonfO{ /fHosf] bfloTjleq nlug] 5 .
lzIff – s' g } k lg afnaRrf
lzIffsf] cj;/af6 alGrt x'g] 5}gg\ .
ljifout cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf nflu
lghL Pj+ ;+:yfut cWoognfO{ klg
5'6 lbOg]5 . To;f]ubf{ klg /fHosf]
cfwf/e't dfGotfleq ul/g]5 .
– ljBfyL{nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] lzIffnfO{
;a}eGbf klxn] j}1flgs, k|fljlws,
cfw'lgs, Jojxfl/s / ;'ne agfOg]
5 . pRrlzIff;Dd k'Ubf s'gk} lg
ljBfyL{ Pp6f ljifodf of]Uo / bIf
hgzlQm aGg ;Sg] agfOg] 5 .
– lzIffnfO{ cfly{s pTkfbg sfo{;uF
hf]l8g] 5 . >d–lzIffnfO{ clgjfo{
u/]/ /f]huf/ / rl/q lgdf{0fsf]
cfwf/ agfOg]5 .
:jf:Yo M hgtfsf] cfwf/e"t
:jf:Yo pkrf/sf] bfloTj ;dfhjfbL
/fHon] axg ug]5 { . gful/sx¿sf]
Ifdtf cg';f/ b]zleq / ljb]zdf k'u/]
:jf:Yo ;'ljwf lng kfpg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
– ;'ne :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] nflu j[4j[4f,
afnaflnsf, ckfË, czQmsf nflu
u[x–:jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
– cfd gful/sx¿nfO{ :jf:Yo lzIff
lbg hf]8 lbg]5 .
;"rgf ;~rf/– x/]s g]kfnL
gful/snfO{ b]zsf ;"rgf lng] / lbg]
;dfg clwsf/ x'g5 ] . k|rf/ ul/g]
;fdu|L ;To, tYo Pj+ g}lts x'g5 ] g\ .
e"m6, e|fds, c/fhs, cZnLn, 5f8f
k|;f/ -k|;f/nfO{ /f]s nfUg]5 .
oftfoft k|0ffnL– lbuf] ljsf;sf]
nflu oftfoft k"jf{wf/ clgjfo{ ;t{
xf] . j:tL, e"uf]n;Fu d]n vfg] k"jf{wf/
/ ;fwgnfO{ ;'Jojl:yt, ;'/lIft
of]hgfa4 ljsf; ug]{ gLlt canDag
x'g5 ] .
^= cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw
g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbn]–
ljZj;Fu :jfwLgtf / ;xsfo{sf] gLltdf
sfd ug]5 { . d'VotM k~rzLntfsf]
l;4fGtdf pleP/ ;a};uF ;xsfo{df
a9\g5 ] . g]kfn c;+nUg cfGbf]ngsf]
;b:o eP/ k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]Ng]5 .
– g]kfndfly s'g} klg sfnv08df
nflbPsf c;dfg, /fi6«lxt ljkl/tsf
;GwL–;Demf}tf vf/]h of k'g/fjnf]sg
ug]5 { . 7'nf dfdnfx¿df lg0f{o lng'
k/]df hgdt;+ux| k|of]u ug]5 { .
– ljZj dfgj hfltnfO{ k'FhLjfbL
ljZjaf6 ;dfhjfbL ljZjdf hfg
k|fT] ;flxt ug]5 { .
– ljZjsf ;a} b]zsf] zflGt, ;dfgtf,
:jtGqtfsf] kIfdf pleg]5 . s'gk} lg
axfgfdf Ps b]zn] csf]{ :jtGq
b]Zdfly ljz]if zlQmzfnL b]zaf6
ul/g] x:tIf]k, cltqmd0f / xdnfsf]
lj/f]w ug]5 { .
&= ;'/Iff
– ;dfhjfbdf b]zsf] :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff
/ cfdgful/sx¿sf] ;'/lIft hLjg
;'lglZrt ug]{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff gLlt
aGg]5 . afXozlQmsf] x:tIf]k,
anldrfO, cltqmd0faf6 b]zsf] /Iff
ug]{ klxnf] gLlt aGg]5 eg] b]zleq
a;f]af; ug]{ x/]s gful/sn] s;}sf]
lyrf]ldrf], zf]if0f pTkL8gljgf hLjg
afFRg ;Sg] cfGtl/s ;'/Iff gLlt lgdf{0f
bf];f| ] aGg]5 .
– !* jif{ k'us ] f x/]s g]kfnL gful/snfO{
cfwf/e"t ;'/Iff tflnd lbg] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 . b]zsf] /Iff ug{ aflnu
o'jfx¿nfO{ hg–ldlnlzofs/0f ug]{
gLlt lnOg]5 .
*= g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbn]
d' V ot
ls;fgnfO{ hldg, dhb'/nfO{ plrt
tna, ljBfyL{nfO{ j}1flgs lzIff,
la/fdLnfO{ pkrf/, o'jfnfO{ /f]huf/,
j}1flgsx¿nfO{ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|,
dlxnfnfO{ ;'/Iff;lxtsf] ;dfg clwsf/,
>lds ;d'bfonfO{ ;Ddfg;lxtsf] ljz]if
clwsf/, dw] ; / hghfltnfO{
;+ 3 Lotf;lxtsf] ;Qfdf ;dfg
k|ltlglwTj, s0ff{nL ;]tLdxfsfnLnfO{
ljz]if ;'ljwf, sd{rf/L ;]gfk|x/LnfO{
lgZkIf lhDd]jf/L, pBf]uLx¿nfO{
k|fT] ;fxg;lxtsf] ;'/Iff, dWod ju{nfO{
;'/Iff / ;xof]u, b]zeQmnfO{ :jfwLgtf,
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqjfbL zlQmsf nflu
k|lt:kwf{ ;'lglZrt ug]5 { . ;a}sf nflu
;dfgtf ;a} s f nflu :jtGqtf
;'lglZrt ug]5 { .
cGtdf, ;fFrf] s'/f s] xf] eg]
gjpbf/jfbL cy{/fhgLltsf] a]nufd
lg/Gt/tfaf6 jt{dfg g]kfnsf] /fli6«o
;+s6 xn x'g} ;Sb}g . b]zn] :jfwLgtf
/ ;dfhjfb k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}g . lglZrt
¿kdf k/Dk/fut ;dfhsf k|rlnt
dfgsx¿ eTsfP/ gofF dfgjLo dfgs
;[hgf ug]{ b[li6sf]0f ;Qf / zlQmdf
a;]/ df]h ul//x]sf zf;sx¿nfO{
laemfO /xG5 . tT;dosf cu|ufdL
r]tdfly ;fzsx¿sf] cj;fg gx'bF f;Dd
anldrfO rln/xG5 . ljrf/ pTkfbg
x'G5g, ljdz{df hfG5g\, 1fg aG5g\ /
;dfhdf ljtl/t x'G5g\, ;xh x'bF g} g\,
k'/fgf]nfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug{ t/ k'g:{ yflkt
eP/} 5f8\5g\ –gofF ljrf/ / dfgsx¿ .
;dfh lj1fgsf] ultzLntf eg]s} oxL
xf] . gjLg ljrf/, b[9 OR5fzlQm / cfbz{
cfr/0f af]s/] g]skfsf dxf;lrj ljKnj
;L g]kfnL /fhgLltdf k|:k'ml6t x'ge' Psf]
5 . cfpg'xf];\ ;d;fdlos g]kfnsf–
ultzLn cGt/lj/f]w xn ug{ / ;+s6nfO{
y]Ug ;Sg] /fhgLlts k|0ffnL, g]tT[ j /
cfly{s 9fFrf lgdf{0fsf] dxfcleofgdf
;fd]n agf}+ . /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff
u/f}+ . ;dfhjfb :yfkgf u/f},+ o;nfO{
j}1flgs agfcf},+ pGgt agfcf},+ g]kfnL
ljz]iftfdf nfu' u/f}+ .
;Gbe{ ;fdu|L
!= g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] gjf}+
dxflwj]zgsf] b:tfj]h
@= g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb–ljKnj
;L
#= Pd;L;Lsf] lr/kmf/ – ;Gtf]if ;L
ljifd
$= ljleGg n]v tyf hg{nx¿
-g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ;ljg ;Låf/f kmfNu'g ^ b]lv !%
ut];Dd ;b'/klZrdsf aemfª, a}t8L,
88]Nw'/f, s~rgk'/ / s}nfnLsf
cGt/lqmofdf k|:t't cjwf/0ff kq_
 @)*) ;fn kmfu'g @& ut] cfOtaf/ 7
jt{ d fg /fhgLlts ;+ s 6sf] ;dfwfg
!!$cf}“ cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj; / g]kfnsf] cj:yf
ljZje/ ut ;ftf kmfu'g @% - lyof] . ToxfF pkl:yt ;a}n] Snf/fsf] zflGtsf] k|:tfj ;j{;Ddltsf ;fy u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #*
g] k fnL ljz] i ftfsf] ;dfhjfb
* dfr{_ sf lbg !!$cf}F cGt/f{li6«o ;NnfxnfO{ :jfut u/]sf lyP . kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . z'?df cf7 df dlxnfsf] xs ;+/lIftu/L ;f] xs sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf wf}nflu/L Ao'/f] OGrfh{ tyf kf]ln6Ao"/f]
dlxnf lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 . of] jif{ o;kl5 cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj; dfr{nfO{ >dhLjL dlxnfx¿n] dfq xgg ePsf] v08df ;+ j } w flgs ;b:o ljls/0f ;Ln] jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
pQm lbj;sf nflu …dlxnfdf nufgL klxnf] k6s !(!! df cli6« o f, dgfpg] u/]sf]df kl5Nnf lbgdf pkrf/sf] Joj:yf;d] t u/] s f] ePsf] 7f]s'jf u/]sf 5g\ . g]skf wf}nflu/L Ao'/f] cGtu{t afun'ªsf] unsf]6
M ;Eo / ;d'Ggt ;dfhsf] yfngLÚ 8]gdfs{, hd{gL, l:jh/Nof08df ljleGg k] z f, ju{ , hfthfltsf kfOG5 . d'n'sL kmf}hbf/L ck/fw gu/kflnsfdf dªnaf/ cfof]lht …/fli6«o kl/l:ylt / g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf]
eGg] gf/f cufl8 ;fl/Psf] lyof] . dgfOPsf] lyof] . ;g\ !(!& df ?;df dlxnfx¿n] o;nfO{ cfˆgf] ljz]if ;+lxtf–@)&$ df dlxnf lj?4sf ;dfhjfbÚ ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pgn] ;f] 7f]s'jf
s;'/nfO{ h3Go s;'/sf¿kdf lng] u/]sf x'g\ .
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L 3/]n'
lx+;f s;'/ / ;hfo P]g, dfgj
kl5Nnf] ;dodf /fHog} lje]bsf/L aGb}uPsf] 5 . a]rljvg tyf cf];f/–k;f/ lgoGq0f
P] g , /fli6« o dlxnf cfof] u
x/If]qdf åGå / ljefhg a9fpg] sfdx¿ eO/x]sf P]gnufotn] klg dlxnfsf xs
5g\ . /fHosf pkNnf] txdf /x]sf sltkon] pyn clwsf/ / pgLx¿ lj?4sf sfo{
s;'/hGo x'g]egL pNn]v u/]sf]
k'yn / xnrn u/fpg] cfˆgf] bfloTj ePsf] kfOG5 . t/ xfn;Dd klg dlxnf tyf
atfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . kfl/jfl/s txaf6} dlxnf / aflns lj?4sf ha/h:tL s/0fL /
xTofsf 36gfx¿ lgoGq0f x'g;s]sf
k'?ifaLrsf] ;dfgtf / Gofosfaf/]df lzIff k|bfg 5}gg\ . lx+;f lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{sf/L
ul/g'kg]{ / Aojxf/d} ;dfgtf ckgfOg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] lgsfo, lgodg ug]{ lgofds lgsfo
/ Gofo lbnfpg] Gofokflnsf x'Fbfx'Fb}
5 . g]kfndf kl5Nnf] ;dodf n}lËs ljefhg klg dlxnf lx+;f lgoGq0fsf] kIfdf
u/fpg] vfnsf ultljlwx¿ e}/x]sf 5g\ . Pstfn] k|efjsf/L sfd x'gg;Sg' cfkm}df pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf ljls/0f ;Ln] eg]– …g]kfnsf]
cg';Gwfgd"ns laifo ePsf] 5 . jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] sf/s bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;Qf xf] . o;sf] cGTo u/]/
dfq lx+;f 36fpF5 . To;}n] /fHod} ;dfgtf / Gofon] k|>o kfpFb} uof] eg] o:tf 36gfx¿ Pskl5 csf]{ lsg g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug{s ' f] ljsNk 5}g . To;}n] ;dfhjfb
dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;f 36g'sf;fy} ;dfhdf zflGt / d}qLk"0f{ jftfj/0f a9]/ hfg] x'G5 . 3l6/x]sf 5g\ / To;sf] lgoGq0fsf k|flKtsf] nflu jfdkGyL, sDo'lg:6, nf]stflGqs u0ftGqjfbL, b]zeQm / ;dfhjfbL
nflu s] u g{ ;lsG5 eGg] a f/] d f Ps 7fpF eP/ cufl8 a9\gk' 5{ . g]kfnL df}lnstfsf] klxrfg ub}{ s[ifL, ko{6g,
laBdfg /fhgLlts Joj:yfdf /x]sf q'6Lx¿nfO{ lg/fs/0f ug]–{ u/fpg]tkm{ ;a} If]q / ;/sf/L:t/af6 cWoog / cg';Gwfg k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|ft] nfO{ dfly p7fpg' cfjZos 5 .Ú
kIfsf] kxn x'g' cfjZos 5 . x'gk' g]{ cj:yf 5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf To;}u/L cGo jQmfx¿n] klg g]kfndf bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] sf/0f
/fHog} lje]bsf/L aGb}uPsf] 5 . g]kfndf e|i6frf/ xfaL ePsf]n] ;dfhjfb Nofpgsf] nflu ;a} qmflGtsf/L
t/ ;/sf/n] xfn;Dd dlxnf n]lggsf] g]t[Tjdf tTsfnLg hf/ rf8sf¿kdf dgfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . x/If]qdf åGå / ljefhg a9fpg] zlQmx¿ Psh'6 eP/ g]kfndf ;dfhjfb Nofpg] ;lsg]df hf]8 lbPsf
nufgLnfO{ a9fjf lbg] cnUu} s'g} ;/sf/sf] lj?4 zflGt / /f]6Lsf] dfu ljleGg ;dodf ;fdflhs lje]bsf sfdx¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . /fHosf lyP . pgLx¿n] clxn]sf] g]kfnL kl/j]zdf ;a} jfdkGyL zlQmx¿ Psh'6
gLlt tyf sfo{qmdeg] NofPsf] 5}g . ub}{ cfGbf]ng z'? ePsf] lyof] . lj?4 ljZjel/g} dlxnfn] cf–cfˆgf] pkNnf] txdf /x]sf sltkon] pyn eP/ nfUg'kg]{ / bnfn k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] sf/0f g]kfndf bnfn
o; ;bfem} o;k6s klg /fHosf h;sf] ;dy{g ub}{ dlxnfx¿ klg 9+ u n] cufl8 a9fpF b } hfF b f ;f] k'yn / xnrn u/fpg] cfˆgf] bfloTj e|i6frf/ al9/x]sf]n] o;sf] xn eg]s} g]kfnL ;dfhjfbsf] ljz]iftf ePsf]
laleGg lgsfodf dlxnf ;xeflutf x8\tfn / k|bz{gdf ;8sdf plqPsf cfGbf]ng ljZjJoflk / PsLs[t ePsf] atfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . kfl/jfl/s bfaL u/]sf lyP .
/ k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug{] dfunfO{ lyP . To;qmddf ?;L dlxnfn] 7"nf] x'gk'u]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfndf @))& txaf6} dlxnf / k'?ifaLrsf] ;dfgtf pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdf k|:t't sfo{kqdfly g]kfnL sfFu|];sf lhNnf
cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] kl5Nnf] alnbfg u/]sf] / ;f]xL lbgsf] :d/0fdf ;fnsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{ g kl5 / Gofosfaf/]df lzIff k|bfg ul/g'kg]{ ;x;lrj kmdnfn vqL, gu/ pk ;efklt o1k|;fb ;fksf]6f, Pdfn]sf gu/
hgu0fgfcg';f/ dlxnfsf] ;+Vof cf7 dfr{dfg} >lds dlxnf lbj; b] l vg} dlxnfx¿nfO{ dtflwsf/ / Aojxf/d} ;dfgtf ckgfOg' kg]{ cWoIf k"0f{ sfprf, dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf gu/ cWoIf rGb|bQ /]UdL, uNsf] gu/
%!=!# /x]sf] 5 . xfn} ;fj{hlgs Ps dgfpg yflnPsf] kfOG5 . ;g\ !(&$ nufotsf clwsf/x¿ lbOPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfndf kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf ;+of]hs u+uf e'h]n, lj/]Gb| kxf8L, blnt clwsf/sdL{,
ljj/0fcg';f/ g]kfndf dlxnfn] ug]{ df ;+oQ' m /fi6«;3+ n] cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf kfOG5 . Oltxf;nfO{ x] b f{ n} l Ës ljefhg u/fpg] vfnsf ;dfh;]jL ltns pk|]tL, j8f g ( sf cWoIf t]haxfb'/ yfkf j8f g ^ sf
>dsfo{ ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg / s[lifnfO{ lbj;nfO{ dfGotf lbPsf] lyof] . t/ ljZjJofkL¿kdf cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf ultljlwx¿ e}/x]sf 5g\ . Pstfn] cWoIf /fd k|;fb sF8]nn] l6Kk0fL u/]sf lyP .
pTkfbgd"ns sfo{df u0fgf gul/Psf p;n] >lds zAbfjnL eg] x6fPsf] lbj; dgfpg yflnPkl5 d'Vot dfq lx+;f 36fpF5 . To;}n] /fHod} clvn ;dfhjfbL wf}nflu/L OGrfh{ pk]Gb| ;Ln] ;Grfng u/]sf] pQm
sf/0f $@=( dlxnf s'g}klg cfly{s lyof] . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] ;g\ !(&% /fhgLlt / lg0ff{os txd} dlxnf ;dfgtf / Gofon] k|>o kfpFb} uof] sfo{qmdf g]skf afun'ª lhNnf uNsf]6 gu/ OGrfh{ uf]ljGb ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf
sfo{df ;xefuL x'g kfPsf 5}gg\ . df klxnf] k6s of] lbj;sf] gf/f ;xeflutf a9]/ uPsf] kfOG5 . eg] dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;f 36g'sf;fy} ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cfltly g]skfsf wf}nflu/L Ao'/f]
b]zdf ljBdfg q'6Lk"0f{ /fhgLlts …ljutnfO{ pT;jsf¿kdf / eljiosf] >Ln+ s fdf >LdtL l;l/dfcf] ;dfhdf zflGt / d}qLk"0f{ jftfj/0f OGrfh{ tyf g]skf lklaPd ljls/0f ;L, cltlyx¿ g]skf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
Joj:yfsf sf/0f em08} Pss/f]8 o'jf of]hgf lgdf{0f u/f} ÛÚ eGg] /fv]sf] aGb/fgfOs], ef/tdf >LdtL OlGb/f a9]/ hfg] x'G5 . laBdfg /fhgLlts k|l;l4 ;L, g]kfnL sfFu; ]| lhNnf ;x;lrj kmd nfn vqL, gu/ pk;efklt
hgzlQm ljZjsf ljeGg d'n'sdf lyof] . g]kfndf eg] @)!^ ;fnd} ufGwL, a]nfotdf >LdtL dfu{/]6 Joj:yfdf /x]sf q'6Lx¿nfO{ lg/fs/0f o1 k|;fb ;fksf]6f, Pdfn] gu/ cWoIf k"0f{ sfprf, dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf gu/
/f]huf/Lsf nflu ef}tfl/g' k/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L :t/af6 dlxnf lbj; dgfpg] Yofr/, kfls:tfgdf >LdtL a]glh/ ug]–{ u/fpg]tkm{ ;a} If]q / kIfsf] kxn cWoIf rGb|bQ /]UdL, uNsf]6 gu/ ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ ;+of]hs u+uf e'h]n,
ar]vr ' s
] fx¿ klg b]zsf] zx/L If]qdf k| o f; ePklg @)!& ;fnsf] e'§f], a+unfb]zdf z]v xl;gf / x'g' cfjZos 5 . lj/]Gb| kxf8L, blnt clwsf/sdL{, ;dfh;]jL ltns pk|]tL, j8f cWoIf
s]lGb|t x'g'k/]sf] cj:yf ePsfn] 36gfn]ubf{ @)## ;fnaf6 dlxnf g]kfndf /fi6«klt x'ge' PsL laBfb]jL t]haxfb'/ yfkf, cWoIf /fd k|;fb s8]nsf] /x]sf] 5 .

bnfn k'“hLjfbn] hgtfsf lj?4 h:tf];'s} sbd rfN5

dlxnfx¿sf] cj:yf emg bogLo
ag]sf] kfOG5 . kl5Nnf lbgdf b]zsf]
x/If]qdf r/d¿kdf e|i6frf/ a9]sf]
5, dxFuL–sfnf]ahf/L / a]/f]huf/L
klg a9\ b } uPsf] 5 . s[ l ifhGo
pTkfbg 36\b} uP/ vfBfGg cfoft
a9]sf] 5 . /fHosf] unt gLltsf
sf/0f t]x/f] s/ ltg'{kg]{ cj:yf
l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ ;–
;fgf s'l6/ pBf]u / 3/]n' pBf]ux¿
;d]t ;~rfng ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf
l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . h;n] b]zdf
cfly{s ;+s6 a9fPsf] 5 eg] To;sf]
7" n f] df/ ljz] i ft dlxnfx¿df
al9k/] s f] b] l vPsf] 5 . o:tf]
cj:yfdf g]kfndf cGt/fli6«o dlxnf
lbj; s]jn cf}krfl/stfdf dfq
;Lldt /xg k'u]sf] 5 . bzsf}+ b]lv
dlxnf lbj; / cfGbf]ngdfkm{t\
p7fOPsf s' g } k lg dfux¿ k" / f
x'g;s]sf 5}gg\ . of] lbj;sf] z'?jft
;g\ !()* df ePsf] kfOG5 .
hlta]nf cd]l/sfsf] Go"of]s{ zx/df
sfd ug]{ !% xhf/ dlxnfx¿n]
sfdsf] 306f sd ug{, tna a[l4
ug{ / dtbfgsf] clwsf/sf] dfu ub}{
lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]sf lyP . To;sf]
Ps jif{kl5 cd]l/sg ;dfhjfbL
kf6L{n] klxnf] k6s /fli6«o dlxnf
lbj; dgfpg yfn]sf] lyof] . h;nfO{
cGt/f{li6«os/0f ug]{ sfd eg] Snf/f
h]6\lsgaf6 ePsf] lyof] . h]6\lsg
hd{gL gful/s x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn]
cfˆgf] ljrf/ klxnf] k6s ;g\ !(!)
df sf]k]gx]ugdf ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o
;Dd]ngdf lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
;f] ;Dd]ngdf !& b]zsf !))
dlxnf k|ltlglwx¿sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]
lbj; dgfpg yflnPsf] kfOG5 .
@)#$ ;fndf ;flxTosf/ kfl/hftsf]
cu'jfO{df e"ldut¿kdf cGt/f{li6«o
>lds dlxnf lbj; dgfOPsf] lyof] .
kl5 pxfFn] To;nfO{ k|rf/fTds
cfGbf]ngsf¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg'
ePsf] lyof] . )$^ ;fnsf]
/fhgLlts kl/jt{ g kl5 ;a}
/fhgLlts bnx¿n] cf–cfˆgf]
kf6L{sf] hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf¿kdf
dlxnf ;+u7gnfO{ dfGotf lbPsf lyP
/ cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj;n] klg
g]kfndf cf}krfl/s dfGotf kfPsf]
lyof] . g] k fnsf] @)&@ ;fnsf]
;+ljwfgsf] >d tyf sfg"g bkmf -
$! _df cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf
lbj; ls6fg ul/Pkl5 o;n]
cf}krfl/s¿kd} j}wflgs x}l;ot
k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] cGt/f{li6«o
dlxnf lbj;sf lbg cfGbf]ngsL k|yd
g]t[ Snf/f h]l6\sgnfO{ ;+emg] ul/G5 .
pxfFsf] hGd ;g\ !*%& sf] h'nfO{
kfFrsf lbg hd{gLsf] lnkluhdf
;fdfGo kl/jf/df ePsf] lyof] .
h] l 6\ s gsf] of] u bfg k| u ltjfbL
cfGbf]ngdf;d]t /x]sf] lyof] . pxfFsf
afa'cfdf b'j} lzIf0f k]zfdf x'gx' G' Yof] .
To;} n ] h] 6 lsgsf] afNosfn
;fdfGo¿kd} lat]sf] lyof] . k|f/lDes
lzIff xfFl;n u/]kl5 pxfF klg lzIfs
aGg'ePsf] lyof] . k|yd ljZjo'4 r/d
aGb}uPsf] cj:yfdf pxfFn] zflGtsf]
kIfdf cfjfh p7fpg' ePsf] lyof] .
zflGtsf nflu ;g\ !(!% df hd{gLsf]
jf]gdf dlxnfx¿sf] Ps e]nfsf]
cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] e]nfdf
;xefuL ljZjsf cu| 0 fL xhf/f} +
dlxnfx¿sf aLrdf pxfFn] /fv]sf]
e08f/LnfO{ pbfxf/0f / k|/] 0ffsf¿kdf
lng] ul/G5 . g]kfndf tTsfnLg
k| w fgdGqL ljkL sf] O /fnfs}
k|wfgdlGqTj sfndf åfl/sfb]jL
7s' / fgL dlGqd08ndf ;dfj] z
x'g'ePsf] lyof] eg] To;kl5 ;+;b\ /
;/sf/df dlxnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf
;Lldt¿kdf ePklg a9\b}uPsf] 5 .
g] k fndf kl5Nnf lbgdf k| d ' v
/fhgLlts kb /fi6«klt, ;efd'v /
;jf]R{ r cbfntsf] k|wfgGofofwLzdf
/x]/ dlxnfx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] e"ldsf
lgjf{x ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . g]kfnn]
dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj
pGd"ng;DaGwL dxf;GwL–!(*! nfO{
cg'df]bg ul/;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . kIf
/fi6« ePsf] gftfn] klg g]kfnn]
dxf;GwLdf ePsf k|fjwfgx¿sf]
kfngf ug{' /fHosf] st{Jo ePsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ n] s]Gb|b]lv
:yfgLo tx;Ddsf ;a} /fhgLlts
;+/rgfx¿df k|dv ' jf pkk|dv ' dWo]
Ps dlxnf x'gk' g]{ afWosf/L Joj:yf
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf
kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o P6d ;Ln] bnfn
k'h
F Ljfbn] k};fsf] nflu hgtfsf lj?4
h:tf];s ' } sfdx¿ rfNg] u/]sf] atfPsf
5g\ . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ b}nv ] n]
lhNnfsf] rfd' 0 8f ljGb| f ;} g L
gu/kflnsfsf] hDa'sfFwdf a'waf/
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
cfof]hgf u/]sf] …jt{dfg /fhgLlts
;+s6 / g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbÚ
ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ pgn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g .
g]tf P6dn] g]kfnL cl:y/ /fhgLlts
;+s6sf] cu|ufdL lgsf; bnfn k'h F Ljfbsf]
cGTo u/L g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
Nofpg'sf] ljsNk gePsf] l6Kk0fL ub}{
eg]– …k'h
F Ljfbn] hgtfsf lj?4 h:tf]
;'s} sbdx¿ rfNg] ub{5, >dhLjL
ju{sf] b'Zdg k'hF Ljfb xf], k'h
F LjfbnfO{
;fd|fHojfbn] ;fy lnPsf] x'G5 . o;sf]
cGTo ug{' g} clxn]sf] lgsf; xf] .Ú
g]tf P6dn] sltko /fhgLlts
bndf /f0ffsflng lrGtg ePsfn] klg
b]z ;+s6df k/]sf] atfP .
pQm sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]sf
bL3{axfb'/ zfxL nufotsf ljleGg
aQmfx¿n] af]Nb} g]kfnsf] ;+s6sf] lgsf;
cu|ufdL zlQmx¿ ldn]/ vf]Hg'kg]{
atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmdf o'jf ;+u7g
g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ldg]z ;Lsf] klg
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o snd ;Lsf]
cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] :jfut
dGtJo hgs ;Ln] lbPsf lyP eg]
;~rfng k|sfz ;Ln] u/]sf lyP .
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$ @)*) ;fn kmfu'g @& ut] cfOtaf/

‘bnfn k'h
“ Ljfbsf] cGTo lglZrt’ jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf; g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o e/t ;Ln] bnfn
k'FhLjfbsf] cGTo lglZrt ePsf]
atfPsf 5g\ . cfOtaf/ g]skf e]/L
s0ff{nL Jo"/f]åf/f cfof]lht % lbg] :s'lnË
sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ pgn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g .
g] t f e/t ;Ln] cd] l /sL
;fd|fHojfb sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] eGb}
g]kfndf bnfn k'h F Ljfb klg lgs}
sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] / ;+s6df k/]sf]
;dfhjfbsf] = ====
qmflGtsf/LsL pkfWoIf e[s'6L ;L,
;lrj piff ;L, dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sL
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf dlxnf g]t[ eujtL
ltjf/L, PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sL
lhNnf cWoIf kljqf a/fn, hgtf
;dfhjfbL kf6L{sL cWoIf kfj{tL
u'?ª, lhNnf ;dGjo pkk|dv ' lnnf
kl/of/ nufotsf dlxnfx¿sf]
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
!!$cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf
lbj;sf cj;/df cfof] l ht
sfo{qmddf g]skf uf]vf{ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
dfof ;Lsf] cWoIftf /x]sf] lyof] eg]
PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sL ;lrj
emfFqmLsf] k|dv
' cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
uf]vf{ lhNnf OGrfh{ slkn ;L, uf]vf{
lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt k|dv ' df]xg
yfkf, g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{ cd/ td',
PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsf lhNnf cWoIf
ofbj a:g]t nufotsf cfltYotf
/x]sf] lyof] .
sDo'lgi6=====
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{ pgn] ;f]
s'/f atfPsf x'g .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] g]kfndf
clxn]sf] kl/j{tg hgo'4n] NofPsf]
bfaL ub}{ hgo'4sf lj?4 sfFu; ]| n]
lgZsif{ lgsfNg' Tolt ;fGbfle{s
gePsf] atfP . pgn] sfFu;
lgZsif{n] klg u7aGwgdf kl/j{tg
]| sf] o:tf]
cfPsf] x'g ;Sg] ;+st] ub}{ eg]– …of]
u7aGwg ;s/fTds / k|ultzLn 5,
hgo'4nfO{=====
t/ slta]nf s] x'g] xf] eGg ;lsb}g .
of] Joj:yfaf6 lgsf; ;Dej 5}g,
/fhgLlts cl:y/tf eO/xG5, of]
Joj:yf ;lhn} rNg]jfnf 5}g of] s'/f
lglZrt 5, To;}n] g]kfndf ;dfhjfb
rflxG5 .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n]
;dfhjfbL sDo'lgi6x¿ Ps eP/
;dfhjfbdf hfg'sf] ljsNk gePsf]
atfpFb} g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] ;+s6sf]
lgsf; g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
dfq ePsf] / ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ dfkm{t\
cufl8 hfg'kg]{ 7f]s'jf u/] . pgn]
eg] – …bnfn km6fxfx¿sf] xftdf b]z
hfg lbg' x'bF g} , cfpFbf] k':tfsf] nflu
5f]/f 5f]/L gful/ssf] nflu ;dfhjfb
lt/ lnP/ hfG5f}, lg/f; x'g' kb{}g,
C0fdf RofkLPsf] ju{n] xfd|f] kf6L{
k|lt cfzf u/]sf 5g\ . xfdL gofF
7fpFdf b]znfO{ lng rfxG5f}F .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] cfˆgf]
kf6L{sf] cfTdlge{/ pTkfbg cy{gLlt
cg';f/ sflnsf]6 / h'Dnfdf kmnkm'n
v]ltsf] nflu :ofp /f]Kg cfPsf]
atfpFb} cfk"m sf7df8f}+ kmls{P nuQ}
7'nf] xnrn x'g] u/L w|'jLs/0f x'g]
hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] sDo'lgi6x¿sf]
Pstf / w|j' Ls/0fljgf b]zn] lgsf;
atfP . pgn] b]zsf] ;+s6sf] lgsf;
g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb ePsf]
atfpFb} eg] …bnfn k'FhLjfbL /fHo
Joj:yf k"0f{ c;kmn ePsf] 5, of]
;+s6df 5, hgtfn] ljsNk rfx]sf
5g\ . g]kfndf ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf]
kxndf g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
g} clxn]sf] cu|ufdL lgsf; xf] .Ú
g] t f e/t ;Ln] g] k fndf
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf Nofpg ;a} eGbf
klxnf dfcf]jfbL, To;kl5 sDo'lgi6
pNn] v ub} { g] k fnL ljz] i ftfsf]
;dfhjfbn] dfq l:y/tf lbg ;Sg]
7f] s ' j f u/] s f 5g\ . h' D nf /
sflnsf]6df :ofp /f]Kg hfg] qmddf
lalxaf/ b}n]vsf] /fsddf cfof]hgf
ul/Psf] :jfut sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ ;f] 7f]s'jf u/]sf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] g]kfnL
ljz] i ftfsf] ;dfhjfbn] dfq
g]kfnnfO{ :yL/tf lt/ lng] atfpFb}
eg]– …;/sf/ abln/x]sf] 5, slta]nf
s:sf] ;/sf/ x'g] xf] yfxf 5}g, of]
lgs} xnrn / cl:y/tf 5 . o;nfO{
x6fpg ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf g}
rflxG5 . g]kfndf /fhgLlts qmflGt
k' / f ePsf] 5} g , ;Qfdf cfd' n
kl/jt{g ePsf] 5}g, h;n] ubf{
g]kfndf /fhgLlts c:yL/tf hf/L
5 . o;nfO{ /f]Sg g]kfnsf ;a}
/fhgLlts bnx¿n] g]kfnL hgtfsf]
rfxfgf jdf]lhd g]kfndf ;dfhjfbL
Joj:yfdf hfg'k5{ .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] kf6L{sf]]
cfTdlge{/ pTkfbgsf] gLlt cg';f/
h'Dnf / sflnsf]6df :ofp /f]Kg hfg
nfu]sf] eGb} :ofp /f]Kg] of]hgfdf
;/sf/n] ;xof]u gu/]sf] klg u'gf;f]
ub}{ eg]– …sfg'gn] :ofpsf lj?jf lbg
ldn]g /] . of] s:tf] sfg'g xf] Û u5f}{
eGg] dfG5]nfO{ ;xfof]u lbg] 5}g, ptf
:ofpsf lj?jf ylGsg] t/ xfdLn]
dfUbf ;/sf/n] lbg ;s]g .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] ;+ 3 Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ sAhf ug]{ 7"nf]
xf]8 rn]sf] eGb} Tof] ;Dej gx'g] atfP .
pgn] cfk" m x¿sf] nIo d' n ' s nfO{
;fDojfb;Dd k'¥ofpg] eP klg ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ klg olQs}
;8sdf 5f]8/] hfg g;lsg] atfP . pgn]
b]znfO{ ;d[4 agfpg] nIosf ;fy
cfk"mx¿ gofF lhDd]jf/L lng tof/ /x]sf]
;d]t pb\3f]if u/] .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] cfk"mx¿sf]
nIo / ;kgf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb x'Fb}
dfgj hfltnfO{ ju{ljxLg, zf]if0fljxLg,
b]zljxLg ;fDojfbdf k'¥ofpg] /x]sf]
atfpFb} dfcf]jfbL zfGt;Fu a:g g;Sg]
zlQm ePsf] atfP . pgn] cfk"mn]
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf;d]t /x]sf
k|wfgdGqL k|r08nfO{ pynk'yn Nofpg
;'emfj lbPsf] atfpFb} eg]– …dfcf]jfbL
zfGt 9Ën] a:g g;Sg] zlQm xf] . cfh
oxfF k|r08 sd/]8 klg cfpg' ePsf]
5 . d}n] t rnfpg';\ eGg] ;'emfj
klxn]b]lv s} xf] . pynk'yn kfg{k5{
Sof .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] hgtfx¿
lrRofO/x]sf], o'jfx¿ 56\k6fO/x]sf],
>lds ;d'bfox¿ cGof]ndf k/]sf] /
b]zeQmx¿ 56\k6fO/x]sf] eGb} dfcf]jfbL
qmflGtsf/Lx¿ r'k nfu]/ a:g g;Sg]
atfP . pgn] b]zdf hgtfnfO{ b'Mv
/ jfdkGyL tyf nf] s tflGqs
zlQmx¿ Pstfj4 x'gk' g]{ atfP . g]tf
e/t ;Ln] ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ u7g x'g'
/ g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbsf]
ax; cufl8 a9g' eg]sf] PsLs[t
hgqmflGtsf] ljrf/n] ;Dej ePsf]
ljrf/ JoQm u/] .
;dfkg sfo{qmddf k|lzIffyL{x¿
dlxdf ;L, ;+uLg ;L, v8s ;L,
;fu/ ;L / uf]ljGb ;Ln] k|ltlqmof
/fVb} :s'lnË lgs} /l;nf] / kmnbfoL
ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbPsf lyP .
pQm :s'lnË sfo{qmddf k|lzIfs
e/t ;L, e]if/fh ;L, c;n ;L, k|of;
;L / lty{ ;Ln] bz{g, cy{zf:q,
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb, ;dfh lj1fg,
ef}lts lj1fg nufotsf ljifodf
ljifout 1fg lbPsf lyP .
g]skfsf blIf0f s0ff{nL Jo"/f]
OGrfh{ ;+ud ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf
;DkGg pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng
pQ/ afFs] lhNnf OGrfh{ /0flbk ;Ln]
u/]sf lyP .
s;}n] pkof]u ug{ g;Sg] 7f]sj' f u/] .
pgn] dfcfjfbL slxNo} klg pkof]u gx'g]
pNn] v ub} { eg] – æ;fF r f] s' / f xf] ,
dfcf] j fbL l;4fGt / ljrf/sf
b[li6sf]0fn] hd]sf] kf]v/L h:tf] u/]/
a:g] xf]Og, u8u8fpFbf] gbLh:tf] aU5 .
lg/Gt/tfdf /dfP/ l:y/tfdf a:g
;Sb}g . lg/Gt/tfdf qmdeË ub}{ gofF
kl/l:ytL l;h{gf ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] zflQm
xf] . zlxb ;Ktfxsf] clGtd lbg cyf{t\
;'vfgLdf ;fxbft ePsf] lbg lg/Gt/tfdf
qmdeË ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL g]kfnL
hgtfsf] 3f]8f xf], c? s;}sf] 3f]8f xf]Og .Æ
k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] cfhsf] lbgdf
h] s'/f ePsf] Tof] ;fgf] s'/f gePsf]
pNn]v ub}{ kl5Nnf] kl/jt{gnfO{ /fd|f;] uF
a' ‰ g' k g] { atfP . pgn] eg] – æ;a}
qmflGtsf/L Pstfa4 x'gk' g]{ cfjZostf
5, lvOFb}, ;'Sb} hfg' ePg, of] x'Fb}g .Æ
k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] k|ltlqmofjfbLn]
cfk"mnfO{ 3]/f xfNb} cfPsf] pNn]v ub}{
lg/Gt/ kl/jt{gsf kIfdf nfUg] :ki6 kf/] .
pgn] zlxb ;Ktfxsf] clGtd lbg ;a}n]
Pstfa4 x'g] c7f]6 ug{k' g]{df hf]8 lbFb}
eg]– æqmflGtsf/Ln] 7"nf s'/f ug]{eGbf
;a} Ps 7fpFdf x'g] af6f] vf]hf}F, Tof]
j}1flgs x'G5, Tof] qmflGtsf/L x'G5 .Æ
k| w fgdGqL k| r 08n] cfk" m n]
;dfhjfbL df]rf{dfq geP/ a[xQ/
sDo'lgi6 Pstfsf] kxn ul/x/]sf]
pNn]v ub}{ zlxbsf ;kgf k"/f ug{sf
nflu b'idgsf 3]/faGbL tf]8\b} cufl8
a9\g] c7f]6 JoQm u/] . pgn] qmflGtsf]
af6f] ;f]emf] gx'g] pNn]v ub}{ eg]– ædflg;
b'O{ v'§fn] lx8\gk' 5{, slxn] bfofF / slxn]
afFof v'§f cufl8 hfG5, df:s{jfb
eg]sf] uGtJodf k'Ugsf nflu b'O{ v'§fn]
lx8\gk' 5{ .Æ
k| w fgdGqLn] k| r 08n] g] k fnn]
j}1flgs / ;Gt'lnt e"/fhgLlts k//fi6«
gLlt ckgfP/ cufl8 a9\g'kg]{df hf]8
lbFb} To;sf nflu Wofg lbg'kg]{ atfpFb}
/fi6« / hgtfk|lt cfk"m lhDd]jf/ eP/
cufl8 a9\g] :ki6 kf/] .
k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] cfk"mx¿nfO{
3]/f xfn]/ l;Wofpg] sf]lz; ePklg
To;nfO{ tf]8\b} cfPsf] atfP . pgn]
cfˆg} g]t[Tjdf hgo'4sf ;lxbnfO{
/fli6«o ;lxb 3f]if0ff u/]sf] / afFsL
/x]sfnfO{ ;d]t l5§} 3f]if0ff ul/g]
k|lta4tf ;d]t JoQm u/] .
k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] zflGt k|lqmofsf]
sfdnfO{ 6'Ëf] nufP/ ;lxb tyf a]kQf
kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f, /f]huf/Lnufotsf
ljifonfO{ ;Daf]wg ul/g] atfP . pgn]
dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] hgo'4sf
;lxbnfO{ /fli6«o ;lxb 3f]if0ff u/]sf] /
hgo'4 lbj;df /fli6«o labf lbPsf]
ljifonfO{ v'n]/ k|;+zf ug{ sGh':ofO{
u/] s fdf k" j { d fcf] j fbL 36sk| l t
c;Gt'l:6 hgfpFb} eg]– æ7"nf s'/f
ug{e' Gbf xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx¿ Ps 7fFpdf
pleg] af6f] vf]hf}F, To;df g} xfdL ;a}sf]
enfO 5 .Ú
sf7df8f}F . sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 g]kfnL ;dfhjfbdfq ePsf] atfP . pgn] ;lsg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf lyP .
kf6L{sf klZrd tfD;flnª Ao'/f] OGrfh{ tyf eg]–Ú g]kfndf ;dfhjfb Nofpg'k5{ / xhf/f}+ sfo{qmd g]skf klZrd lhNnf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o cfhfb ;Ln] jt{dfg ;+s6sf] zlxbx¿sf] ;kgfnfO{ k"/f ug{sf nflu ;]qm]6/L hgs ;Ln] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP
lgsf; g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbdfq ;dfhjfb clgjfo{ /x]sf] 5 .Ú eg] :jfut dGtJo clvn ;dfhjfbLsf
ePsf] 7f]sj' f u/]sf 5g\ . ;f]daf/ klZrd pQm sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'wf ;Ln] u/]sf lyP .
hgsk'/ Jo'/f] cGtu{t l;Gw'nLsf] d/]gL ;b:o tyf klZrd hgsk'/ Ao'/f] OGrfh{ g]skf l;Gw'nLsf] lhNnf OGrfh{ zzL
ufpFkflnsfdf cfof]lht …jt{dfg /fli6«o h'emf? ;Ln] ;+s6sf] sf/s bnfn ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf
kl/l:ylt / g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbÚ kFh
' LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yf ePsf] / o;sf] k|dv' cfltly g]skfsf klZrd tfD;flnª
ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg xn g]kfnL laz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbn] dfq} Ao'/f] OGrfh{ tyf g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
ub}{ pgn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ . lbg] lhls/ u/]sf lyP . sd/]8 cfhfb ;L, cltlyx¿ klZrd
g]tf cfhfb ;Ln] clxn]sf] g]kfnL To;}u/L cGo jQmfx¿n] klg g]kfndf hgsk'/ Jo'/f] OGrfh{ sd/]8 h'emf?
kl/j]zdf ;a} jfdkGyL zlQm Psh'6 eP/ bnfn ;+;lbo Joj:yfsf] sf/0f g]kfndf ;L, g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf påj kf}8n] ,
nfUg'kg]{ / bnfn k'hF LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] e|i6frf/ xfaL ePsf]n] ;dfhjfb g]skf -P;_ sf s]Gb|Lo kl/ifb ;b:o
sf/0f g]kfndf bnfn e|i6frf/ al9/x]sf] Nofpgsf] nflu ;a} qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿ 5q nfv] tyf ljleGg kf6L{ s f
pNn]v ub}{ o;sf] xn eg]sf] ljz]iftfsf] Psh'6 eP/ g]kfndf ;dfhjfb Nofpg] k|ltlglwx¿sf] cfltYo /x]sf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf zlxb k|lti7fg pkef]QmfjfbnfO{ g} :jtGqtf dfGg] lje]b ePsf] sf/0f r]tgf:t/ /
g]kfnsf cWoIf wd{l;nf rfkfFufO{n] efio lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] 5 . zf/Ll/s cj:yfdf klg k|lts"n
u/]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmddf k|wfgdGqL k'FhLjfbsf] lj?4 ;dfhjfbn] k|efj k/]sf] 5 .
k|r08sf] k|dv ' cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . dlxnf :jtGqtfnfO{ u'0ffTdstf k|bfg cfhsf] dlxnf cfGbf]ngn] n]lgg /
* dfr{===== u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ax; / k|Zgx? Snf/faLrsf] clGtd ax;, l;df]g b
OR5fzlQmsf] ljifo klg xf] . clk|msL lyP / 5g\ . ?;L qmflGtkl5sf] klxnf] jf]pj/ / Hof kfFn zfqsf ljrf/x?,
d'ns' ?jf08fsf] ;+;bdf ^$ k|ltzt dGqL d08n -;dfh sNof0f sld;f/_ /f]hfsf ef]ufO{ / lkt[;Qfsf 8/fO{x?,
dlxnf ;xeflutf 5 . t/ ToxfFsf] df Psdfq dlxnf cn] S h] G 8« f n]lgg / sf]ngtfO{aLrsf dte]bx?,
sfg'gdf dlxnf cf/If0fsf] k|fjwfg sf]ngtfO{ ;dfj]z lyOg\ . dlxnfx? dfcf]sflng rLgn] dlxnf :jtGqtfsf]
5} g . ptf, nf] s tGqsf] 7] s ] b f/ laZj:t / ;Gt':6 x'g]u/L n}lËs nflu u/]sf k|of;x? ;a}sf] ;fËf]kfËf]
cd]l/sfsf ljBfnodf cWoog/t @% k|Zgsf] ;dfwfg gePsf] u'gf;f] cWoog ug{k' 5{ . ;dsfnLg g]kfnL dlxnf
k|ltzt 5fqf of}g lx+;fsf] lzsf/ cn]Sh]G8«f sf]ngtfO{ -;g\ !*&@– cfGbf]ng dWod juL{o dlxnfsf]
x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ O/fgsf !(%@, ?;L_ sf] lyof] . ToxL ljifodf ;/f]sf/sf] gf/f j/k/ rSs/ dfl//x]sf]
dlxnfn] lxhfkmla?4 nfdf] ;‹if{ u/] . n]lgG;+u dt gldn]kl5 csf]{ jif{df 5 . g]kfnsf] sfg"g / dlxnf cfof]un]
klZrdL ;~rf/ dfWod / af}l4s g} /flhgfdf lbOg\ . l;df]g b jf]pj/n] ltg} dWodju{sf] gf/fnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]sf]
hutn] lxhfkm lab|f]xdf ;xof]u ;dfhjfbdf klg lkt[;Qfsf] lj?4 5 . n8\g] >lds dlxnf, ;d:ofsf] s]Gb|df
u¥of] . t/ lxhfkm gnufpg] klZrdL dlxnfsf] n8fO{ hf/L /fVg' kg]{ >lds dlxnf t/ sfg"gL ;Daf]wg
b]zsf dlxnf lx+;fsf] ljifodf df}gtf atfPsL lyOg\ . ptf /f]hf nSh]Dju{ dWodju{sf] ul/Psf] 5 . sDo'lg:6
;fWg] u/]sf 5g\ . dlxnf cleoGtf
8lndf df] u fx] b n] To;k| s f/sf]
klg lkt[;Qfjf6 hLjge/L k|tfl8t kf6L{lgs6 dlxnf ;+u7g klg dWodjuL{o
lyOg\ . dfgj hfltsf] o'u bz xhf/ ;/f]sf/sf gf/f j/k/ 3'ld/x]sf] 5 . To;}n]
lj/f] w fef;sf] ;Gbe{ d f …xfdLn] jif{df cf7 xhf/ jif{b]lv lje]b eO dlxnf cfGbf]ng sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 .
;fj{hlgs :yndf sfd's b]lv+bf dfq} cfPsf] sf/0f To;sf] b' i k| e fj To;sf/0f >lds dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{
dlxnfnfO{ :jtGq 7fg]sf xf}F <Ú k|Zg ax'cfoflds /x]sf] 5 . dlxnfdfly qmflGtsf/L ljrf/sf] hudf k'gu{7g ug{k' g]{
ul5{g . klZrdL ;+;f/n] sfd'stf / k|lzIf0f, tflnd / vfgkfgdf ;d]t r'gf}tL k|s6 ePsf] 5 .
df]jfOnsf] ntaf6 afnaflnsfnfO{ arfcf}+
Ø df]jfOnsf] nt nfu]sf afnaflnsfdf lgG›f l9nf] nfUg], ulx/f]
lgG›f gnfUg] / k6s k6s Ao'emFg] ;d:of b]lvg ;S5,
Ø df]jfOnsf] ntn] afnaflnsfsf] dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s ljsf;df
g} c;/ k'¥ofpg ;S5,
Ø df]afOn b]vfP/ vfgf v'jfpgfn] afnaflnsfnfO{ vfgfsf] :jfb
yfxf gx'g ;S5,
Ø o;n] kfrg k|0ffnLdf ;d:of x'g ;Sb5,
Ø pgLx?nfO{ s'/fsfgL u/]/, 8'nfP/, uLt ufP/ tyf pgLx¿sf]
xfpefpdf k|ltlqmof hgfpFb} vfgf v'jfcf},+
cleefjsn] cToflws df]afOn rnfpFbf afnaflnsfnfO{
df]jfOnsf] nt a:g ;Sb5,
To;}n] cleefjsn] df]jfOnsf] sd k|of]u u/f}+ .
g] k fn ;/sf/

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