PAPER

NURSING PROCESS AS A SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN PROBLEM SOLVING

Submitted as a Nursing Methodology Course Assignment

Arranged by :
Fadyatu Zahra R ( P20620221025 )

DIII NURSING STUDY PROGRAM

POLTEKKES KEMENKES TASIKMALAYA CIREBON CAMPUS
2021/2022
 FOREWORD

All thanks be to Allah SWT, Lord of the worlds, for His presence who has bestowed His
guidance and guidance, so that I can compile a paper entitled "Nursing Process as a Scientific
Method in Problem Solving. "
I have compiled this paper to the maximum extent possible as an obligation to fulfill the duties of
Nursing Methodology. Therefore, I would like to thank all those who have contributed their
ideas and thoughts for the realization of this paper. Despite all that, I realize that this paper still
has many shortcomings, both in terms of sentences that are not good and effective.
Finally, we hope that the paper that has been made will be very useful for all of us.

Cirebon, January 31, 2022

Writer

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 List of Contents

Foreword..........................................................................................................................i
List of contents.................................................................................................................ii
Chapter I Introduction......................................................................................................1-2
1.1 Background....................................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Formulation......................................................................................1
1.3 Purpose of Writing .........................................................................................2
Chapter II Discussion...................................................................................................... 3-7
2.1 Definition of the nursing process ...................................................................3
2.2 Stages of the nursing process..........................................................................3-4
2.3 Benefits of the nursing process.......................................................................4-5
2.4 The relationship between the scientific method and the nursing process as
nursing problem solving method………………………………………………...5-6
2.5 Comparison of the scientific method and the nursing process as a method
nursing problem solving………………………………………………………...6-7
Chapter III closing............................................................................................................8
3.1 Conclusion......................................................................................................8
3.2 Suggestions.....................................................................................................8
Bibliography.....................................................................................................................9

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The nursing process is a scientific method used in providing professional nursing care. The
nursing process is used to help nurses carry out nursing practice systematically in solving nursing
problems. In providing nursing care to patients previously nurses have prepared the method to be
used. The method will be based on scientific and rational principles. In practice, nurses use their
knowledge of the nursing process to assess the client's health, make diagnoses, plan nursing care,
implement and evaluate nursing actions given. The nursing process consists of 5 stages, namely:
assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. The nursing process consists of
5 stages, namely: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. The nursing
process has several characteristics, namely dynamic, cyclical, interdependent and flexible.
The nursing process is an answer to solving problems in nursing, because the nursing process is a
scientific method that is used systematically and uses scientific concepts and principles that are
used systematically in achieving diagnoses of patient health problems, formulating goals to be
achieved, determining actions and evaluating quality and nursing care results

1.2 Problem Formulation

1. What is the meaning of the nursing process?

2. What are the stages of the nursing process?
3. What are the benefits of the nursing process?
4. What is the relationship between the scientific method and the nursing process?
5. What is the comparison between the scientific method and the nursing process as a method of
solving nursing problems?

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1.3 Objectives of Problem Discussion

1. Explain the meaning of the nursing process

2. Explain the stages of the nursing process
3. Explain the benefits of the nursing process
4. Explain the relationship between the scientific method and the nursing process
5. Explain the comparison of the scientific method and the nursing process as a method of
solving nursing problems

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 Understanding the Nursing Process

The nursing process is a scientific method used in providing professional nursing care. Nurses,
wherever they work, deal with clients with all kinds of cases, and serve clients at all ages must
also use the nursing process. Nurses are expected to understand the concept of the nursing
process and be able to apply and compile it in a client's health status document (Rohmah, N and
Walid, S. 2009).
The nursing process is an activity that has a purpose, namely nursing practice that is carried out
in a systematic way. During the nursing process, nurses use a comprehensive knowledge base to
Assess the client's health status, make wise judgments and diagnoses, identify the client's health
outcomes and plan, implement and evaluate appropriate nursing actions to achieve these
outcomes (Dermawan, 2012).

2.2 Stages of the Nursing Process

A. Assessment
Assessment is an effort to collect data in a complete and systematic way to be studied and
analyzed so that health and nursing problems faced by patients both physically, mentally,
socially and spiritually can be determined. This stage includes three activities, namely Data
Collection, Data Analysis and Determination of Health Problems and nursing.
B. Nursing Diagnosis
Nursing diagnosis is a statement that describes the human response (health status or risk of
changing patterns) of individuals or groups where nurses can responsibly identify and provide
interventions to ensure that health status can reduce, limit, prevent and change (Carpenito, 2000).
Nursing diagnoses provide the basis for selecting interventions to achieve outcomes for which
the nurse is responsible. The requirements for nursing diagnoses are that the formulation must be
clear and concise from the client's response to the situation or situation at hand, be specific and
accurate, provide direction for nursing care, can be carried out by nurses and reflect the client's
state of health.

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C. Nursing plan
The care plan is organized so that each nurse can quickly identify the treatment actions to be
administered. A properly formulated nursing care plan facilitates continuity of care from one
nurse to another. As a result, all nurses have the opportunity to provide consistent, high-quality
care.
The steps in making a nursing plan include: setting priorities, setting goals and expected outcome
criteria, determining appropriate nursing interventions and developing nursing care plans.
D. Nursing Implementation
Nursing implementation is an initiative of an action plan to achieve specific goals. The
implementation phase begins after the action plan is prepared and is aimed at nursing orders to
help clients achieve the expected goals. Therefore a specific action plan is implemented to
modify the factors that affect the client's health problem.
For the successful implementation of nursing implementation in accordance with the nursing
plan, nurses must have cognitive (intellectual) abilities, abilities in interpersonal relationships,
and skills in taking action. The implementation process must be centered on client needs, other
factors that influence nursing needs, nursing implementation strategies, and communication
activities.
E. Evaluation
The evaluation plan contains the criteria for the success of the process and the success of nursing
actions. The success of the process can be seen by comparing the process with the
guidelines/plan for the process. While the success of the action can be seen by comparing the
level of independence of the patient in daily life and the level of progress of the patient's health
with the goals that have been previously formulated.

2.3 Benefits of the Nursing Process

A. Using troubleshooting methods

In this nursing process, an approach to the client is needed to identify the problem of the client's
needs. After that the nurse will know what actions are given to the client to the problem of his
needs.

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B. Using standards for nursing practice

Standards in nursing practice aim to maintain the quality of care provided to clients. Nurses on
duty at the service will treat clients with a variety of cases but use the same standards. This
standard is very important to ensure that clients will get quality service.

C. Obtaining a standard and appropriate method, rational (logical) and systematic

In providing nursing care to patients previously nurses have prepared the method to be used. The
method will be based on scientific and rational principles. So that every action will be considered
side effects. Actions are also given in a systematic and structured manner so that each action step
is sequential and does not skip over one another.

D. Obtain a method that can be used in all situations.

The nursing process must be flexible so that it can be used in all situations and conditions.
Whether the client is in an emergency, acute, chronic, or other condition, they still use the
principles of the nursing process.

E. Have high-quality nursing care outcomes.

The results of care depend on the extent to which problems that occur in the client can be
identified, then from the problems that arise how the planning design that has been set can help

2.4 The Relationship Between the Scientific Method and the Nursing Process

A. The nursing process is an integral part of nursing practice that requires careful consideration
in decision making. This decision making must be based on knowledge and application of
science as well as biological, psychological, social and spiritual principles

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B. The nursing process is, an organized and systematic method of providing nursing care to
clients, which focuses on the human response—both as individuals, families, and communities—
to actual or potential health problems.

C. The nursing process is carried out systematically and scientifically according to the client's
condition, both in health and illness, which refers to nursing theories and concepts.

D. The nursing process is said to be a scientific process or method, because it is an effort to carry
out certain things which generally include several steps in order to achieve one result. steps or
stages in the nursing process include assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation of
nursing actions, and evaluation.

2.5 Comparison of Scientific Methods and Nursing Processes as Nursing Problem Solving
Methods

The nursing process is carried out systematically and scientifically according to the client's
condition, both in health and illness, which refers to nursing theories and concepts. The nursing
process is said to be a scientific process or method, because it is an attempt to do certain things
which generally includes various steps in order to achieve one result. Steps or stages in the
nursing process include assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation of nursing
actions, and evaluation.
One of the goals of nursing is to solve problems faced by clients. Through the nursing process
approach, the problems encountered can be identified correctly and decisions can be made
accurately.

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The comparison between the scientific method and the nursing process can be seen in the
following table;

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion

In carrying out their duties as a nurse requires a process called the nursing process. The nursing
process is a detailed activity using a systematic method in providing nursing care to individuals,
groups, families and communities for health problems experienced. The nursing process consists
of 5 stages, namely: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation. The
stages in the nursing process are mutually sustainable and cannot be separated from each other.
The nature of the nursing process consists of 5, namely: Dynamic, Cycle, Interdependent, and
Flexibility.

3.2 Suggestions

This paper should be used as a source of learning for readers. And this paper can be useful for
many parties, especially for compilers and readers, for educators it is hoped that they can create a
comfortable learning atmosphere for their students and can create ways of learning that are able
to make students excited about learning so that they can understand the lesson according to the
desired goals. Educators should cooperate with parents or guardians of students in improving
learning achievement and reducing factors that cause learning difficulties. For students, it is
better to apply a disciplined attitude and be on time in learning. Learn things related to science,
don't hesitate to ask the teacher if there is something you don't understand

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Bibliography

Dermawan, D. (2012). Process

nursing application of concepts and frameworks(1st De). Yogyakarta : Gosyen Publishing.

Husada, D. (2012). Make decisions. (online) Accessed viahttp://sayogerry.blogspot.com/p/14-

relationship-between-scientific-method-with.html?m=0 January 31, 2022 at 18.00 WIB

Rohmah, N. (2009). Nursing Documentation. Nursing Documentation Lecture Textbook. DIII

Nursing Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Jember.

https://id.scribd.com/document/475637227/3-PERBANDINGAN-METODE-ILMIAH-
DENGAN-PROSES-KEPERAWARAN

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