Name: Krizah Marie C.

Caballero Course & Section: BSMA 2E Date: December 05, 2021

COMPAP

Activity 1
Instruction:

Aside from the examples given in our ppt presentation in five Information Processing
Cycle stated, List down another five (5) more different devices in every Information processing
cycle. Copy the image and label them with a description.

Input devices:
1. Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR) is the input device that is
used to read the characters of MICR code that you generally see at the
bottom of a cheque in which it consists of the check number, account
number, and bank routing code. MICR code is printed with a special
type of magnetic ink that is understandable to the reading device. The reading input device
extracts the characters and transfers them to the computer, which then does the necessary
processing.

2. A computer mouse is a handheld hardware input device that controls

a cursor in a GUI (graphical user interface) and can move and select text,
icons, files, and folders on your computer.

3. A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base

and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. A joystick,
also known as the control column, is the principal control device in the
cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a center stick or
side-stick. It often has supplementary switches to control various
aspects of the aircraft's flight.

4. Keyboards are the most common type of

input device. Before keyboards, interaction
with computers was generally carried out
using punch cards and paper tape. Most
English language keyboards use the QWERTY
layout for the alphabetic keys, which are surrounded by number, symbol, function, and other key
types. By pressing the relevant keys, a user can feed data and instructions to the computer.

5. Webcams are different from digital cameras in two ways.

Firstly, they cannot operate independently from a
computer, and second, they have no inbuilt memory.
Although webcams can capture photographs and videos,
they are more often used to live-stream videos or facilitate
video chats, for this reason. Webcam devices often
incorporate built-in microphones in addition to cameras.

Process Devices:
1. Central Processing Unit alternately referred to as a processor,
central processor, or microprocessor, the CPU (pronounced sea-
pea-you) is the central processing unit of the computer. A
computer's CPU handles all instructions it receives from hardware
and software running on the computer. As an example, the CPU
processed the instructions to use a web browser to open and
display this web page on your computer.

2. Video card alternatively known as a display adapter, graphics

card, video adapter, video board, or video controller, a video card is
an expansion card that connects to a computer motherboard. It is
used to create a picture on a display; without a video card, you
would not be able to see this page. More plainly, it's a piece of
hardware inside your computer that processes images and video, some of the tasks normally
handled by the CPU. Video cards are used by gamers in place of integrated graphics due to their
extra processing power and video ram.

3. Motherboard alternatively referred to as the mb, mainboard,

mboard, mobo, mobd, backplane board, base board, main circuit
board, planar board, system board, or a logic board on Apple
computers. The motherboard is a printed circuit board and
foundation of a computer that is the biggest board in a computer
chassis. It allocates power and allows communication to and
between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.
 4. Network Card short for network interface card, the NIC is also
referred to as an Ethernet card and network adapter. A NIC is a
computer expansion card for connecting to a network (e.g., home
network or Internet) using an Ethernet cable with an RJ-45
connector.

5. Sound card alternatively referred to as an audio output device,

sound board, or audio card. A sound card is an expansion card or IC
for producing sound on a computer that can be heard through
speakers or headphones. Although the computer doesn't need a
sound card, it's included on every machine as either in an expansion
slot (shown below) or built into the motherboard (onboard).

Output devices:
1. Projector - A device that is used to project video output from the
computer onto a wall or screen.

2. Headphones output audio from a computer through two

individual headphones for a single listener. Also known as
earphones, headphones allow you to listen to audio without
disrupting other people in the vicinity.

3. Printer - Used to print information on paper. Commonly uses

either lasers or inkjets to precisely place ink onto the page to
recreate text and high-quality images.

4. Sound Card - The sound card controls the output of sound

signals, enabling devices like speakers and headphones to work.
The sound card is known as an expansion card, which means it
can be added to the motherboard. Although a sound card is not
essential to a computer's basic functionality, you need one if you wish to play games, watch
movies, listen to music, and use audio and video conferencing.

5. Monitor - The main output device of a computer.

It forms images by converting electrical energy into
light in the form of tiny dots on the screen called
pixels. The sharpness of the image depends upon the
number of pixels.

Storage Devices:
1. Hard disk drives are non-volatile magnetic storage devices
capable of remembering vast amounts of data. An electromagnet in
the read/write head charges the disk’s surface with either a positive
or negative charge, this is how binary 1 or 0 is represented. The
read/write head is then capable of detecting the magnetic charges
left on the disk’s surface, this is how data is read.

2. Solid state drives are non-volatile storage devices capable of

holding large amounts of data. They use NAND flash memories
(millions of transistors wired in a series on a circuit board), giving
them the advantage of having no mechanical moving parts and
therefore immediate access to the data. Solid state drives perform
faster than traditional hard disk drives, however they are
significantly more expensive. This expense means that typical capacities are usually measured in
Gigabytes (GB). They can be installed inside a computer or purchased in a portable (external)
format.

3. RAM is a computer’s primary memory. It is a very fast solid state

storage medium that is directly accessible by the CPU. Any open
programs or files on a computer are temporarily stored in RAM
whilst being used. Being volatile, any data stored in RAM will be lost
when power is removed. This makes RAM totally unsuitable for the
long term permanent storage of data – that is the role of a HDD or
SSD instead. Data is copied from secondary storage (HDD, SSD) to RAM as and when it is needed.
This is because using a HDD as the primary memory would cause a computer to perform much
slower (a HDD or SSD is not directly accessible to the CPU, and isn’t as fast as RAM). RAM is a
relatively expensive storage device and typical capacities are measured in Gigabytes (GB).
 4. DVD-RAM is an optical media storage device. It
differs from a traditional DVD in that data is stored in
concentric tracks (like a HDD) which allows read and
write operations to be carried out at the same time.
This means, for example, that when used in a personal
video recorder you can record one television
programme whilst watching a recording of another.
This allows handy features such as ‘time slip’ to be
possible. When used within a CCTV system you could review footage whilst still recording your
cameras. The capacity of DVD-RAM is 4.7 GB, or 9.4 GB for double-sided discs.

5. Flash are non-volatile solid state storage devices which use

NAND flash memories to store data (millions of transistors). USB
refers to the USB connection that allows users to plug the device
into the USB port of a computer. Other types of flash storage
include the memory cards used in digital cameras. Flash memory
comes in a variety of capacities to suit most budgets and requirements.

Communication devices:
1. A modem or broadband modem is a hardware device that connects a
computer or router to a broadband network. For example, a cable modem
and DSL modem are two examples of these types of Modems.

2. Bluetooth is a computing and telecommunications industry

specification that describes how devices can communicate with each
other. Devices that use Bluetooth include computers, a computer
keyboard and mouse, personal digital assistants, and smartphones.

3. Method of transferring data without the use of wires. A common

example of an infrared (Ir) device is a TV remote. However, infrared is also
used with computers and devices like a cordless keyboard, cordless
mouse, and infrared touch screen.
 4. Wi-Fi devices (using a Wi-Fi router) is a wireless network that utilizes
one of the IEEE 802.11 wireless standards to achieve a wireless connection
to a network. A home wireless network uses a wireless access point or
router to broadcast a signal using WAP or WEP encryption to send and
receive signals from wireless devices on the network.

5. ISDN or DSL signals. An ISDN modem sends digital data and information
from a computer to an ISDN line and receives digital data and information
from an ISDN line. A DSL modem sends digital data and information from
a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and information from a
DSL line. ISDN and DSL modems usually are external devices, in which one end connects to the
telephone line and the other end connects to a port on the system unit.

Note: Follow the order of the Information Processing Cycle. Refer to your Powerpoint
presentation.

Deadline of submission: December 05, 2021, 12:00 NOON.

God Bless and Keep Safe