1. Water is flowing through a pipe of 2.5cm diameter with a velocity of 0.5m/s.

Compute the
discharge
in m3 /s and litres/s.
Solution:
Diameter of pipe (d) = 2.5cm = 0.025m
C/S Area of pipe (A) =
= 0.000491 m
2
Velocity (V) = 0.5m/s
Discharge (Q) = ?
Q = AV = 0.000491x0.5 = 0.000245 m3 /s
Expressing Q in lps
Q = 0.000245x1000= 0.245 lps
2. A 30 cm diameter pipe carries oil of sp. gr. 0.8 at a velocity of 2m/s. At another section the
diameter is
20cm. Compute the velocity at this section and discharge in m 3 /s and kg/s.
Solution:
Diameter of pipe at section1 (d
1) = 30cm = 0.3m

Area of pipe at section1 (A1) =

= 0.07068 m
2
Velocity of pipe at section1 (V1) = 2m/s
Diameter of pipe at section2 (d
2) = 20cm =

0.2m
Area of pipe at section1 (A2) =
= 0.0314 m
2
Velocity of pipe at section1 (V2) =?
Discharge at section 2(Q2) = ?
Discharge at section 1(Q1) = A1 V1 = 0.07068x2 = 0.1413 m3 /s
According to continuity,
Q2 = Q1 = 0.1413 m3 /s
Expressing Q2 in kg/s
Q2 = Density x Discharge in m3 /s = 0.8x1000x0.1413 = 113 kg/s
V2 =Q2/A2 = 0.1423/0.0314 = 4.5 m/s
3. Given the velocity field: ( ) ( )
What is the acceleration of a particle at (3, 0, 2) at time t = 1?Solution:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
At (3,0,2) and t = 1
(
)
(
)
= 62
(
)
(
)
At (3,0,2) and t = 1
(
)
(
)
= 10
(
)
(
)
At (3,0,2) and t = 1
()()=0
Acceleration ( ) √
= √ = 62.8