STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

(UGNA 3032)

Tutorial_1 Section classification

Types of Elements
Outstand element – elements attached to adjacent element at one edge only , the other end being
free

Internal elements – elements attached to other elements at both longitudinal edges

Flange

Outstand elements

Web
Internal elements
Types of Elements

Outstand elements

Internal
elements
Local Buckling

• The outstand element (flange) of an I beam will buckle prematurely) if it is too thin.
• Webs also will buckle under compressive stresses from bending and shear.
• To prevent local buckling from occurring it is necessary to limit their outstand/thickness ratios
for flanges and depth /thickness ratios for webs.

c/t ratio for web

c/t ratio for flanges

 Minor axis or z axis
Flange

WEB
Major axis or y axis
D
Example: A rectangular section with fy = 275 N/mm2. Find the elastic and plastic section
modulus, shape factor and moment capacity.

20 mm

150 mm
Example: Find elastic, Plastic and shape factor for the I Section 610 x 229 x 125 UB S 275
subject to bending.
Example: classify section 610 x 229 x 125 UB S 275 subject to pure bending
Example: Section 254x254x89 UKC S275 under compression.
Example: Double angle strut composed of two 100 x 75 x 10 S 355 angles connected to gusset
plates by the long legs back –to – back and subject to axial compression.
Example: Classify a hot rolled circular section 244.5 x 5 CHS S275 subject to compression due to
bending. CHS =circular hollow section
Example: Determine the classification for the welded section of steel grade 355 used as
compression member, shown below
Example: Figure below shows a hot formed rectangular hollow section under bending
and separate section under compression.

500mm

300 mm
Determine the following:
A - Classification for section under Bending, Assuming S275 steel
B- Classification for section under Compression, Assuming S275 steel
Example: Determine the classification for the section 200 x 200 x 6.3 Square
Hollow Section (SHS), S275. B=200 mm, D=200mm fy=355 N/mm2; rx=ry=7.9 cm.
Assume that the section is under compression. (Home work)
Home work Question: If the load P = 2X5 Use method of Joints. P = Permanent load = 2X5 kN
and Imposed load = 1Y0 kN, Where X is last digit of your roll no. and Y = 2nd last digit of your
roll no. Find the member with maximum tension force.