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MATEMATIK
MATHEMATICS
Wan Naliza Wan Jaafar
Y. C. Chow
TINGKATAN
PBD & PT3
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• Bank Soalan
Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah
MATEMATIK
MATHEMATICS
Wan Naliza Wan Jaafar
Y. C. Chow
TINGKATAN
3 KSSM
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Lot 8, Jalan P10/10, Kawasan Perusahaan Bangi,
Bandar Baru Bangi, 43650 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Tel: 03-8922 3993 Faks: 03-8926 1223 / 8920 2366
Pertanyaan: customerservice@pelangibooks.com
ISBN: 978-967-2499-15-2
PENCAPAIAN
TAHAP HALAMAN (✓) (✗)
BAB TAFSIRAN
PENGUASAAN MENGUASAI BELUM
MENGUASAI
TP1 Mempamerkan pengetahuan asas tentang bentuk indeks. 1
1 Indeks
Indices
PBD
1.1 Tatatanda Indeks
Index Notation Buku Teks ms. 2 – 6
Suatu nombor dalam bentuk indeks terdiri daripada asas dan indeks atau eksponen. Misalnya,
A number in index form contains a base and an index or exponent. For example,
Tip Penting
indeks / eksponen
2 × 2 × 2 = 23 index / exponent 2 dibaca sebagai ‘2 kuasa 3’.
3
1. Isi petak kosong dengan perkataan ‘asas’ dan ‘indeks’. SP 1.1.1 TP1
Fill in the empty boxes with the words ‘base’ and ‘index’.
indeks
asas
base an index
7 6
8×8×8×8×8×8×8=8 (a) 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 = 0.5
berulang 7 kali Nilai indeks ialah 7.
The value of index is 7.
repeated 7 times
5
(b) (–h) × (–h) × (–h) × (–h) × (–h) = (–h) (c) 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 = 75
(e) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 1 35 2
4
(d) (–9) × (–9) × (–9) × (–9) ×(–9) × (–9) = (–9)6
5 5 5 5
3. Tukarkan nombor atau sebutan algebra dalam bentuk indeks kepada pendaraban berulang. SP 1.1.1 TP1
Convert the numbers or algebraic terms in index form into repeated multiplications.
4. Ungkapkan setiap nombor berikut dalam bentuk indeks dengan asas yang diberikan. SP 1.1.2 TP2
Express each of the following numbers in index form with the base given.
(a) 256 (asas / base 4)
81 (asas / base 3)
256 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4
81 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
Tip Penting = 44
= 34
atau / or Suatu nombor mungkin
boleh ditulis dalam asas 4 256
3 81 yang berlainan.
3 27 Pembahagian A number may be written in 4 64
n=4 diteruskan sehingga different bases. 4 16
3 9 mendapat nilai 1.
3 3 The division is continued Contoh/ Example 4 4
until 1 is obtained. 81 = 92
1 81 = 34 1
Maka / Hence, 81 = 34
2 =2×2×2×2×2×2×2
7
× (–3)
12
x
x
++
1 2
1 2
= Guna Kalkulator
= 128 = –243
3 4 =
3 4
2 , Tekan/ Press
7
2 ^ 7 =
7. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pendaraban dua nombor dalam bentuk indeks dan hasil darabnya. Senaraikan
tiga set pendaraban nombor yang lain. SP 1.2.1 TP3 i-Think
i-Think Peta bulatan
The diagram shows the multiplication of two numbers in index form and its product. List three other sets of multiplication of numbers.
62 × 613
Mana-mana jawapan lain
yang sesuai
63 × 612 Tip Penting
615 Any other possible answers
Hukum indeks
65 × 610 Law of indices
64 × 611 • am × an = am + n
• am × an × ap = am + n + p
= 6m7
6 8 Secara generalisasi
(a) 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2 (b) p8 ÷ p4 =
p By generalisation,
2×2×2 3 4
2 p am ÷ an = a
m–n
2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2
3
p×p×p×p×p×p×p×p =p 4
2×2×2 p×p×p×p
11. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pembahagian dua nombor dalam bentuk indeks dan hasil bahaginya.
Senaraikan tiga set pembahagian nombor yang lain. SP 1.2.2 TP3 i-Think
i-Think Peta bulatan
The diagram shows the division of two numbers in index form and its quotient. List three other sets of division of numbers.
710 ÷ 75
Mana-mana jawapan lain Tip Penting
yang sesuai Hukum indeks
78 ÷ 73 75 Any other possible answers Law of indices
• am ÷ an = am – n
7 ÷7
6
79 ÷ 74
(a) 49 × 49 × 49 × 49 × 49 = (49)
5
(b) 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p = (2p)
7
Secara generalisasi,
By generalisation,
45 7p
4 9+9+9+9+9
=4 2 p+p+p+p+p+p+p
=2 (am)n = a
mn
(ii) 2j = 2 3× j 3
2 3 3 2×3
5k 1 2 5 ×k (c) (7m0n)4
(d) 22
3
1 2
4
= 22 × 4
3×4
= 74m0n4 5 5
= 23 j 3
3 6
= 74(1)n4
= 28
12
5k
= 74n4 5
1 xy 2
= x1 × 6 (f ) 4p2 = 45 × p2 × 5
7×6 7 6 3 5 5 3×5
Tip Penting (e)
y 1 2
3q 3 ×q
am q amq
(ambn)q = amqbnq, n
b 1 2 = nq
b = x 6
42
= 45p10
5 15
y 3q
Tip Penting
1 1 a –n b n
• a–n =
an
, a ≠ 0 • –n = an, a ≠ 0 •
a b 1 2 = 1 a 2 , b ≠ 0, a ≠ 0
20. Lengkapkan yang berikut dengan menyatakan a–n sebagai 1n atau sebaliknya. SP 1.2.4 TP2
a
1
Complete the following by stating a–n as or vice versa. i-Think
i-Think Peta titi
an
ditulis dalam bentuk 1n
1 a 4–1 6–2 9–5 10–6 p–7 (2x)–3 (jk)–6
is written in the form
an as as as as as as
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 62 95 106 p7 (2x)3 (jk)6
21. Ungkapkan setiap yang berikut dalam bentuk indeks positif. SP 1.2.5 TP3
Express each of the following in positive index form.
5 1 2 3 6 x 7 1 2 4 1 2 9 9y
22. Ungkapkan setiap yang berikut dalam bentuk indeks negatif. SP 1.2.5 TP3
Express each of the following in negative index form.
4 1 2 3 9 5 1 2 (d) (–7)5 =
(–7)–5
(e)
(a) x2 = 25 x2 = 25 (b) x3 = 27 x3 = 27
1 1 1 1
2 2 3 3 3 3
√x = √5 2 2
(x )2
= (5 ) 2
√x = √3 3 3
(x ) 3
= (3 ) 3
x = 5 x = 51
1
x = 3 x = 31
1
1
n
Secara generalisasi, / By generalisation, n√a = a
1
24. Lengkapkan yang berikut dengan menyatakan a n sebagai n√a atau sebaliknya.
Tip Penting
Tip Penting
1
n 1
n
Complete the following by stating a as √a or vice versa. SP 1.2.5 TP2 i-Think
i-Think Peta titi —
n
√a = a n , a ≠ 0
ditulis dalam 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
bentuk n√a n 25
2
64
3
32
5
256
4
h
7
k
10
36
2
3 5 4 7 10
√25 √64 √32 √256 √h √k √36
Jigsaw
(a) Lakukan kerja dalam kumpulan.
Work in groups.
(b) Seorang ahli dari setiap kumpulan akan berbincang tentang topik berikut dalam kumpulan 'pakar'.
A member from each group will discuss the topic in the 'expert' group.
1
n
Dengan menggunakan hukum indeks a n = √a dan (am)n = am × n,
m m
teroka hubungan antara indeks dengan punca kuasa dan kuasa. n n n n
1
n
a = √a atau/ or a = (√a)m
m
Using the laws of indices a = √a and (a ) = a
n m n m×n
, explore the relationship
among indices, roots and powers.
(c) Selepas perbincangan, pakar itu akan kembali ke kumpulan asal dan berkongsi pengetahuan bersama
rakan kumpulan lain.
After discussion, experts return to their 'home' group and share their knowledge with the rest of the group members.
Tip Penting
m 1 1
26. Tulis setiap berikut dalam bentuk yang dinyatakan. SP 1.2.5
m× —
TP2 a =a n
= (am) n = n√ am
n
n Indeks n
1
Indeks 1
√am ( √a )m (am)
n n
(a )m
pecahan pecahan
3 2 3 1 3 1
(a) √642 3 (√64 )2 (g) 3 4 4 4 3
64 (16 ) 16 (16 )
3 1 5 1
( √81 )3
4 4
(b) √813 4 (h) 2 2 2
81 (495) 49 (49 )5
3 1 7 1
(c) √363 2 (√36 )3 (i) 7 3 3 3 7
36 (125 ) 125 (125 )
2 1 2 1
( √32 )2
5 5
(d) √322 5 (j) 7 7 7
32 (y2) y (y )2
9 4 9 1 4 1
(e) √x4 9 ( √x )4 (k) 7 7 7
x (a4) a (a )4
7 2 7 1 3 1
(f ) √y2 7 ( √y )2 (l) 5 5 5
y (b3) b (b )3
3 5 2 2
4 6 3 5
(d) 81 4 = ( √81)3 (e) 729 6 = (√729 )5 (f ) 125 3 = ( √125)2 (g) 32 5 = ( √32 )2
= 33 = 35 = (5)2 = (2)2
= 27 = 243 = 25 =4
28. Padankan setiap berikut dengan nilai yang betul. SP 1.2.5 TP3
Match each of the following with the correct value.
1
23 ÷ 22 23 × 22 2–3 20 22 (23)2
1
1 √2 2 32 64
8
1 3 3 1
1 2
(3x2y 4) 2 × 3 2 x2y3 4 –4 5 12 4 4
(b) 8 p q × (8p1 q )
9 6 3
(2m n ) × 2 m–2n–4 3
(a) 18x2y –3
m–3n5 1 1 1 3
(23p10q4) 2
2( ) 4( ) 3 1 1 1
1 1
9( ) 6( )
1 2
32x 2
y 2 × 3 2 x2y3 3( )
4
3( ) 12( ) 4( )
4 4 4
3
2 m 3 3
n × 2 m–2n–4 3
= = 2 p–4q5 × 2 p q
= 18x2y–3 1 1 1
m–3n5 3( ) 10( ) 4( )
2 2 2
1 3
+
2 2
2 p q
1 2
3 9 3
1 2x
+ +
=2 3 3
m3 + (–2) – (–3)n2 + (–4) – 5 = y
1 + 2 – 2 2 + 3 – (–3)
24 4
= 2m n4 –7
18 = 1 3 2p q
–4 + 3 – 5 5 + 1 – 2
= 3 xy8
2
1 2
2
2m4 2
= 7 18 3
n 2
= 2 p–6q4
1
= xy8
2 = √23 p–6q4
(b) ( √16) ×1 5
4 3 –2
1 1 (254) 3 × (252) 12
3 4
3( )(4) (a) (2–2)2
(8 ) × 3–2 2 3
× 3–2 (165) 4
1
= 1 1 1
3(2)( ) 2(4)( ) 2(2)( ) 1
2 3
(8 ) 2 3 5 3
×5 12 4( )(3)
4
= 24 – 2 × 3–2
=
2–2(2) = 2 × 5–2
1
4(5)( )
8 1
2 4
= 22
2
3 3
= 5 ×–45 = 2 × 5–2
3–5
3
2
= 4 8 1 = 2 1 2
9 = 5 3 3 × 24
+
2 ×5
= 53 × 24 = 1
100
= 2 000
VIDEO
1 1
5 4 2
(b) Diberi 4p = 64 , cari nilai p. (c) Jika 40m17n14 ÷ 8m14n10 =
(a) Nilaikan (32 × 81 ) ÷ 3–1.
1 1 4p – 3 5mxny, cari nilai x dan y.
Evaluate (32 5 × 81 4 )2 ÷ 3–1. 64
Given 4p = , find the value of p. If 40m17n14 ÷ 8m14n10 = 5mxny, find the
4p – 3
1 1 values of x and y.
4p = 64
5 4 2
(32 × 81 ) ÷ 3–1
1
5
×2
1
4
×2 4p – 3 40m17n14 ÷ 8m14n10 = 5mxny
= 32 × 81 ÷ 3–1
4p = 4p – 3 40 m17 – 14n14 – 10 = 5mxny
3
2 1
5 2 4 8
= 32 × 81 ÷ 3–1 5m3n4 = 5mxny
5×
2
4×
1 4p = 43 – (p – 3)
=2 ×3
5
÷ 3–1
2 Maka/ Hence, x = 3, y = 4
p = 3 – p + 3
= 22 × 32 ÷ 3–1 2p = 6
= 4 × 32 – (–1) p = 3
= 4 × 33
= 108
(d) Diberi 1 × 625(6x – 13) = 1252x, (e) Nilaikan √4 × 10 . (f ) Diberi m = 3 dan n = 2, hitung
–4 4
3 n
25 16 × 100 n m
cari nilai x. –4 4
√4 × 10
nilai bagi 81 6 × 646 .
1 Evaluate . m ×n
Given that × 625(6x – 13) = 1252x, find 16 × 100
25 Given that m = 3 and n = 2, calculate
the value of x. 3
n
n
m
81 × 64
√4–4 × 104 the value of .
1 × 625(6x – 13) = 1252x m6 × n6
25 16 × 100 3 n
(9) 3
× (4)2
x = 3 = 14 × 1 =
3 × 26
6
4
= (3 )6 × (26 )
2 3 2 2
= 1 3 ×2
256
= 3(2 × 3) – 6 × 2(2 × 2) – 6
= 36 – 6 × 24 – 6
= 30 × 2–2
= 1 × 12
2
= 1
4
2 A 8 × √m5 C 16 × √m5
1. 5 = m√kn
3 4
B 8 × √m5
4
D 16 × √m5
Tentukan nilai bagi k, m dan n.
Determine the values of k, m and n.
Bahagian B
k m n
A 2 5 3 7. (a) Lengkapkan operasi berikut.
B 3 5 2 Complete the following operation.
C 5 2 3 [2 markah/ 2 marks]
Jawapan/ Answer :
D 5 3 2
2 1
(7 3 × 56 3 )2
2. Jika p × p × p × p × p = (–2)q, apakah nilai p dan q? 1
2
If p × p × p × p × p = (–2)q, what is the values of p and q? = 49 31 × 56 24
3
A p = –2, q = –5 C p = 2, q = –5
B p = –2, q = 5 D p = 2, q = 5 2
3
= 2 744
6
3. Diberi / Given 93 = = 196
Apakah nilai yang mesti ditulis dalam petak?
What is the value must be written in the box?
A 3 C 6 (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat keping
B 5 D 18 kad nombor.
The diagram below shows four number cards.
4. ap × aq =
2 5 3
–
ap (–125) 3 (–27) 3 64 2 (√49)3
A a –a –a
2p p q
C
a–q
ap Isikan petak kosong dengan nombor yang
B ap + aq D sesuai daripada rajah di atas supaya nombor-
aq
nombor di ruang jawapan adalah dalam
tertib menaik.
5. 54 = 4
2 n
= 1 , (√49)3 = 343
–
2
64
2 x m cm
4 5 512
5 3
–
Q R (–27) 3 , 0, 0 , 64 2
,1
Diberi panjang segi empat tepat itu ialah 4 kali
lebarnya.
Ungkapkan luas, dalam cm2, segi empat tepat itu
dalam sebutan m.
8. (a) Padankan setiap berikut dengan bentuk (b) Isikan petak kosong di ruang jawapan
termudah. dengan nombor yang betul.
Match each of the following with its simplest form. Fill in the boxes in the answer space with correct numbers.
[3 markah/ 3 marks] [2 markah / 2 marks]
Jawapan/ Answer : Jawapan/ Answer :
1
3 12
p –2 82 = (2 )2 = (2 )2
(p2 × p3)2
82 = (8)2 82 = (23)2
3
2 3
p = (2 )2 = 26
1
12
p 4 = (2 )2
1p 25
2
p2
Bahagian C
p10
10. (a) Selesaikan setiap persamaan yang berikut.
4
(√p )3 2 Solve each of the following equations.
p12 (i) 32 × 3x = 34 [1 markah/ 1 mark]
(ii) 2y × 42 = 32 [2 markah/ 2 marks]
Jawapan/ Answer : Ungkapkan isi padu, dalam cm3, bagi 16
P = 2n, Q = 3n buah kuboid yang sama saiz dalam sebutan
PQ = 7 776 n. Beri jawapan dalam bentuk termudah.
2n × 3n = 7 776 Express the volume, in cm3, of 16 cuboids of equal size in
6n = 65 terms of n. Give the answer in the simplest form.
n = 5 [3 markah/ 3 marks]
P = 25 Jawapan/ Answer :
= 32 Isi padu 16 buah kuboid
Volume of 16 cuboids
Q = 35
= 16 × (2 × 32n) × 3n × 2n
= 243
= 24 × 2 × 32n × 3n × 2n
= 24 × 2 × 2n × 32n × 3n
11. (a) Tuliskan 4 096 dalam bentuk indeks dengan
= 24 + 1 + n × 32n + n
menggunakan
Write 4 096 in index form using = (2n + 5 × 33n) cm3
(i) asas 8.
base of 8.
[1 markah/ 1 mark]
(ii) indeks 12.
index of 12.
[2 markah/ 2 marks]
Jawapan/ Answer :
(i) 4 096 = 84
8 4 096
8 512
8 64
8 8
1
(ii) 4 096 = 84
1
= (8 3 )12
= 212
2 1
2
Calculate the possible values of x for the equation 2x × 27x = . KBAT Mengaplikasi
210
KBAT
2x × 27x = 110
2
Tip
Daripada / From 2, y = x – 3 …… 3
Kuiz 1
BAB
2 Bentuk Piawai
Standard Form
PBD
2.1 Angka Bererti
Significant Figures Buku Teks ms. 32 – 36
(b) Tulis semula bacaan anda di (a) dan bulatkan digit yang tidak pasti.
Rewrite your reading in (a) and circle the digit that is uncertain.
23. 5 10
3 10 20 30
(c) Kejituan pengukuran panjang itu ialah angka bererti.
The precision of the measurement is 3 significant figures.
(d) Angka bererti satu nombor ialah digit-digit yang menunjukkan tahap kejituan tertentu.
Significant figures of a number are the digits that express a specified degree of accuracy .
Integer Perpuluhan
Integer Decimal
30 800 Angka bererti Angka bererti
mengikut tahap Significant figure
(j) 7 200 (k) 112 240 (l) 0.007 (m) 0.0302 (n) 0.00083
2 angka bererti 5 angka bererti 1 angka bererti 3 angka bererti 2 angka bererti
2 significant figures 5 significant figures 1 significant figure 3 significant figures 2 significant figures
(o) 0.00516 (p) 1.00 (q) 23.000 (r) 0.60 (s) 7.1400
3 angka bererti 3 angka bererti 5 angka bererti 2 angka bererti 5 angka bererti
3 significant figures 3 significant figures 5 significant figures 2 significant figures 5 significant figures
3. Kumpulkan nombor-nombor di bawah mengikut bilangan angka bererti yang dinyatakan. SP 2.1.1 TP2
Group the numbers below according to the number of significant figures indicated. i-Think
i-Think Peta pokok
4. Bundarkan ukuran berikut kepada bilangan angka bererti yang dinyatakan. SP 2.1.2 TP3
Round off the following measurements to the number of significant figures indicated.
(i) 38 045 3 8 045 = 40 000 3 8 0 45 = 38 000 38 0 4 5 = 38 000 38 04 5 = 38 050
+ 1 + 1
(ii) 0.012056 0.01 2 056 = 0.01 0.012 0 56 = 0.012 0.0120 5 6 = 0.0121 0.01205 6 = 0.01206
+ 1 + 1
5. Bundarkan setiap nombor berikut kepada bilangan angka bererti yang dinyatakan dalam kurungan.
Round off each of the following numbers to the number of significant figures stated in the brackets. SP 2.1.2 TP3
(a) 33.45 [1] (b) 20.08 [2] (c) 32.899 [3] (d) 70 016 [4] (e) 0.07 [2]
30 20 32.9 70 020 0.070
(f ) 0.0023 [1] (g) 6.0085 [2] (h) 23 016 [1] (i) 572.15 [3] (j) 198 411 [3]
0.002 6.0 20 000 572 198 000
(k) 167 000 [1] (l) 7.2345 [4] (m) 850 904 [5] (n) 3.456 [2] (o) 51.754 [4]
200 000 7.235 850 900 3.5 51.75
6. Hitung setiap operasi berikut. Nyatakan jawapan betul kepada bilangan angka bererti yang dinyatakan
dalam kurungan. SP 2.1.2 TP3
Calculate each of the following operations. State the answers correct to the number of significant figures stated in the brackets.
(c) 32.41 × 2.23 + 77.1 ÷ 5 [4] (d) 51.03 – 3.13 × 6.7 + 6.6 [2]
Tip Penting = 72.2743 + 15.42 = 51.03 – 20.971 + 6.6
Lakukan operasi × dan ÷ terlebih = 87.6943 = 36.659
dahulu, diikuti + dan –. = 87.69 = 37
Perform operation of × and ÷ first,
followed by + and –.
PBD
2.2 Bentuk Piawai
Standard Form Buku Teks ms. 37 – 44
Suatu nombor bernilai terlalu besar atau terlalu kecil boleh ditulis dalam bentuk piawai A × 10n, dengan
keadaan 1 < A , 10 dan n ialah integer, untuk memudahkan cara penulisan.
A number that is too big or too small can be written in standard form A × 10n, where 1 < A , 10 and n is an integer, to make writing easier.
7. Bagi setiap yang berikut, tandakan (✓) jika ditulis dalam bentuk piawai dan (✗) jika tidak. SP 2.2.1 TP1
For each of the following, mark (✓) if it is written in standard form and (✗) if not.
(i) 345 (ii) 0.126
= 3.45 × 100 = 1.26 × 0.1
= 3.45 × 102 1
= 1.26 × (i) 345 = 3.45 × 102
(ii) 0.126 = 1.26 × 10–1
10
Alihkan titik perpuluhan Alihkan titik perpuluhan
= 1.26 × 10–1 2 tempat ke kiri, maka 1 tempat ke kanan, maka
n=2 n = –1
Move the decimal point Move the decimal point
2 places to the left, then 1 place to the right, then n = –1
n=2
(a) 23 000 (b) 5 623 (c) 781 900 (d) 1 400 000
= 2.3 × 10 000 = 5.623 × 1 000 = 7.819 × 100 000 = 1.4 × 1 000 000
= 2.3 × 104 = 5.623 × 103 = 7.819 × 105 = 1.4 × 106
(e) 0.0042 (f ) 0.01873 (g) 0.0000338 (h) 0.00052
= 4.2 × 0.001 = 1.873 × 0.01 = 3.38 × 0.00001 = 5.2 × 0.0001
= 4.2 × 10–3 = 1.873 × 10–2 = 3.38 × 10–5 = 5.2 × 10–4
(i) 6 × 104 (ii) 5.06 × 10–1
= 6 × 10 000 = 5.06 × 1
= 60 000 10 (i) 6 × 104 = 60 000 (ii) 5.06 × 10–1 = 0 .5 0 6
= 5.06 × 0.1
n = 4, alihkan titik n = –1, alihkan titik
= 0.506
perpuluhan perpuluhan
4 tempat ke kanan 1 tempat ke kiri
n = 4, move the decimal point n = –1, move the decimal point
4 places to the right 1 place to the left
(a) 8 × 105 (b) 9.3 × 106 (c) 1.82 × 107 (d) 7.265 × 108
= 8 × 100 000 = 9.3 × 1 000 000 = 1.82 × 10 000 000 = 7.265 × 100 000 000
= 800 000 = 9 300 000 = 18 200 000 = 726 500 000
(e) 3 × 10–2 (f ) 2.7 × 10–4 (g) 3.023 × 10–5 (h) 5.36 × 10–6
= 3 × 0.01 = 2.7 × 0.0001 = 3.023 × 0.00001 = 5.36 × 0.000001
= 0.03 = 0.00027 = 0.00003023 = 0.00000536
10. Isikan petak kosong dengan 10n yang betul. SP 2.2.1 TP2
Fill in the blanks with the correct 10n.
Ukuran sistem
(e) 1 sentimeter = 1 × 10–2 meter (f ) 1 terabait = 1 × 1012 bait metrik
1 centimetre metre 1 terabyte byte Metric
measurements
(g) 1 mikrometer = 1 × 10–6 meter (h) 1 gigabait = 1 × 109 bait
1 micrometre metre 1 gigabyte byte
11. Tukarkan ukuran dalam sistem metrik berikut kepada unit yang diberikan dalam kurungan. Nyatakan jawapan
anda dalam bentuk piawai. SP 2.2.1 TP3
Change the following metric measurements to the units given in the brackets. State your answers in standard form.
12. Hitung nilai yang berikut dan ungkapkan jawapan dalam bentuk piawai. SP 2.2.2 TP4
Calculate the values of the following and express your answers in standard form.
(i) 2.3 × 103 – 1.83 × 102 Bagi operasi + dan –, tulis semula kuasa
bagi asas 10 untuk menyamakan indeks.
= 2.3 × 10 – 0.183 × 10 × 10
3 1 2
For operations + and –, rewrite the powers of 10 Tip Penting
so that they have the same index.
= 2.3 × 103 – 0.183 × 103 a × 10 + b × 10n = (a + b) × 10n
n
(a) 3.4 × 104 + 6.1 × 104 (b) 8.9 × 103 – 1.2 × 103 (c) 1.98 × 10–5 – 1.08 × 10–5
= (3.4 + 6.1) × 104 = (8.9 – 1.2) × 103 = (1.98 – 1.08) × 10–5
= 9.5 × 104 = 7.7 × 103 = 0.9 × 10–5 9 × 10–1 × 10–5
= 9 × 10 –6
(d) 9.3 × 10–5 + 2.13 × 10–4 (e) 4.05 × 10–7 – 2.2 × 10–8 (f ) 2.4 × 107 × 1.8 × 10–3
= 0.93 × 10–4 + 2.13 × 10–4 = 4.05 × 10–7 – 0.22 × 10–7 = 2.4 × 1.8 × 107 + (–3)
= (0.93 + 2.13) × 10–4 = (4.05 – 0.22) × 10–7 = 4.32 × 104
= 3.06 × 10–4 = 3.83 × 10–7
(g) 7 200 000 × 1.5 × 10–4 (h) 1.2 × 105 ÷ (6 × 105) (i) 7.9 × 102 × 2.1 × 10–4
= 7.2 × 106 × 1.5 × 10–4 1.2 × 105 – 5 = 7.9 × 2.1 × 102 + (–4)
=
= 7.2 × 1.5 × 106 + (–4) 6 = 16.59 × 10–2
= 10.8 × 102 1.08 × 10 × 102 = 0.2 × 100 100 = 1 = 1.659 × 10 × 10–2
= 1.08 × 10 3
= 2 × 10 –1
= 1.659 × 10–1
(a) Tinggi satu timbunan kertas yang mempunyai (b) Sebuah mesin boleh menghasilkan 55 mainan
800 helai kertas ialah 55 mm. Hitung ketebalan per minit. Cari bilangan mainan yang dapat
sehelai kertas KBAT Mengaplikasi dihasilkan dalam KBAT Mengaplikasi
The height of a stack of 800 sheets of paper is 55 mm. Calculate A machine can produce 55 toys per minute. Find the number
the thickness of a sheet of paper of toys produced in
(i) dalam mm (i) 1 jam
in mm 1 hour
(ii) dalam cm (ii) 20 hari jika mesin itu beroperasi 8 jam sehari
in cm 20 days if the machine operates 8 hours per day
Berikan jawapan dalam bentuk piawai. Nyatakan jawapan dalam bentuk piawai.
Give the answers in standard form. State the answers in standard form.
(c) Jarak bulan dari bumi ialah 3.84 × 105 km. (d) Jika anda bergerak dengan 100 km/j, masa
Sebuah roket mengambil masa 3 hari untuk yang diambil untuk sampai ke planet Musytari
sampai ke bulan. Hitung jarak, dalam km, yang kira-kira 717 tahun. Andaikan setahun ada 365
dilalui dalam masa seminit. Berikan jawapan hari, hitung jarak, dalam km, di antara Bumi
anda dalam bentuk piawai betul kepada tiga dengan Musytari. Tulis jawapan anda dalam
angka bererti. KBAT Mengaplikasi bentuk piawai betul kepada tiga angka bererti.
The distance of the moon from the earth is 3.84 × 105 km. A KBAT Mengaplikasi
rocket needs 3 days to reach the moon. Calculate the distance, If you travelled at 100 km/h, the time taken to reach planet
in km, travelled in a minute. Give your answer in standard Jupiter is about 717 years. Assuming that a year has 365 days,
form correct to three significant figures. calculate the distance, in km, between Earth and Jupiter.
Write your answer in standard form correct to three significant
figures.
3 hari = 3 × 24 × 60
3 days = 4 320
Jarak = Laju × Masa
= 4.32 × 103 minit Distance = Speed × Time
4.32 × 10 minutes
3
= 100 × 717 × 365 × 24
Jarak yang dilalui dalam masa seminit = 628 092 000
Distance travelled in a minute = 6.28 × 108 km
= 3.84 × 103
5
4.32 × 10
= 3.84 × 105 – 3
4.32
= 0.889 × 102
= 8.89 × 10–1 × 102
= 8.89 × 10 km
5 × 105 m
90 mm
Rajah di atas menunjukkan tanah milik Encik
Harun berbentuk segi empat tepat. Hitung Rajah di atas menunjukkan satu tin berbentuk
KBAT Mengaplikasi silinder tertutup. KBAT Mengaplikasi, Menganalisis
The diagram above shows a piece of rectangular land owned The diagram above shows a closed cylindrical tin.
by Encik Harun. Calculate (i) Hitung luas permukaan, dalam mm2, tin
(i) perimeter, dalam m, tanah itu, tersebut. Tulis jawapan anda dalam bentuk
the perimeter, in m, of the land,
piawai betul kepada empat angka bererti.
(ii) luas, dalam m2, tanah itu. Calculate the surface area, in mm2, of the tin. Write
the area, in m2, of the land. your answer in standard form correct to four significant
Nyatakan jawapan anda dalam bentuk piawai. figures.
State your answers in standard form. [Guna/ Use π = 3.142]
(ii) Lengkapkan rajah di bawah dengan
(i) 2(3.2 × 106) + 2(5 × 105) ukuran yang sesuai untuk label yang dapat
= 6.4 × 106 + 10 × 105 ditampalkan pada tin tersebut.
= 6.4 × 106 + 1 × 101 + 5 Complete the diagram below with the suitable
measurements for the label that can be pasted on the tin.
= 6.4 × 106 + 1 × 106
= (6.4 + 1) × 106 PIE
= 7.4 × 106 m 90 mm
PEACHES
(ii) 3.2 × 106 × 5 × 105
260 mm
= 3.2 × 5 × 106 × 105 2 × 3.142 × 40
= 251.36 mm
= 16 × 106 + 5
= 16 × 1011 (i) Luas permukaan/ Surface area
= 1.6 × 10 × 1011 = 2πj2 + 2πjt (2πr2 + 2πrh)
= 1.6 × 101 + 11 = 2 × 3.142 × 402 + 2 × 3.142 × 40 × 90
= 10 054.4 + 22 622.4
= 1.6 × 1012 m2
= 32 676.8
= 3.268 × 104 mm2
(ii) Mana-mana jawapan lain yang sesuai
Any other possible answers
(g) Diameter bakteria jenis A ialah 1 mikrometer manakala bakteria jenis B adalah 1 × 10–3 saiz bakteria
jenis A. KBAT Mengaplikasi
The diameter of bacteria species A is 1 micrometre long while bacteria species B is 1 × 10–3 the size of bacteria species A.
(i) Berapakah diameter bakteria jenis B dalam meter?
What is the diameter of bacteria species B in metres?
(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (c)(i), adakah nilai yang diperoleh itu kurang daripada, lebih besar
daripada atau sama dengan 1 nanometer?
Based on your answer in (c)(i), is the value obtained less than, greater than, or equal to 1 nanometre?
(i) Diameter bakteria jenis B
Diameter of bacteria species B
= 1 × 10–6 × 1 × 10–3
= 1 × 10–6 + (–3)
= 1 × 10–9 m
(ii) 1 × 10–9 m = 1 nm
Nilai yang diperoleh itu sama dengan 1 nanometer.
The value obtained is equal to 1 nanometre.
4 10
= 0.625 × 107 – 3
= 0.625 × 104
= 6.25 × 103
Tip KBAT
• Tukarkan data internet pelan A dan B bagi setiap
RM1 dalam unit yang sama.
Convert the internet data plans A and B for every RM1 in
the same unit.
• Bandingkan nilai yang diperoleh untuk
menentukan pelan yang lebih murah.
Compare the values obtained to determine the plan with
a cheaper price.
1.
Tip KBAT
• Cari semua kombinasi perabot
yang mungkin yang dapat dibeli
Tilam/Mattress Sofa/Sofa Rak buku/Bookshelf dengan RM550 dan hitung jumlah
RM255.86 RM225.99 RM297.68 harga.
Find all the possible combination of
furniture that can be bought using
Dilah mempunyai RM550 dan ingin membeli perabot yang ditunjukkan RM550 and calculate the total price.
dalam rajah di atas. Perabot yang manakah selepas dia beli, dia akan
menerima baki yang paling rendah? Seterusnya, hitung jumlah harga
perabot tersebut betul kepada tiga angka bererti. KBAT Menilai
Dilah has RM550 and she wants to buy the furniture shown in the diagram above. Which
furniture after she bought it, she will receive the lowest balance? Hence, calculate the total
price of the furniture correct to three significant figures.
Tilam/ Mattress
3 3
RM255.86
Sofa/ Sofa
3 3
RM225.99
Rak buku/ Bookshelf
3 3
RM297.68
Jumlah harga (RM) 481.85 553.54 523.67
Total price (RM)
2. Jisim 50 helai kertas graf ialah 322 g. Setiap helaian kertas graf dicetak Tip KBAT
sepenuhnya dengan 560 segi empat sama bersisi 1 cm. Hitung jisim, • Cari jisim dan luas sehelai kertas
dalam g, bagi 1 mm2 kertas graf. Nyatakan jawapan anda dalam bentuk graf untuk memperoleh jisim bagi
piawai. 1 mm2 kertas graf.
The mass of 50 pieces of graph papers is 322 g. Every piece of graph paper is fully printed Find the mass and the area of a piece
with 560 squares each with sides 1 cm. Calculate the mass, in g, of 1 mm2 of graph paper. of graph paper to obtain the mass of 1
State your answer in standard form. mm2 of graph paper.
MATEMATIK
MATHEMATICS
3KSSM