KULKARNI’S ACADEMY OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
16-11-1/1/2, Near Super Bazaar Bus Stop, Above Bantia Furniture’s, 5th Floor, Malakpet, HYDERABAD.  : 040-65590907
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REFRIGERATION
I)BASICS
01. A refrigerator with a COP of 3.2 uses 2.4 kg min-1 refrigerant extracting 150 kJ kg-1 heat in the
evaporator. Assuming compressor efficiency of 85% the minimum size of the motor is
a) 0.5 hp b) 1.5 hp c) 2.0 hp d) 3.0 hp
02. A household refrigerator of 1 TR capacity operates half the time during 13 hour long days and
30% time during the nights. If coefficient of performance is 4.7 then at Rs.3 pr kWh, monthly
(30days) electricity bill in rupees for the refrigerator is
a) 110 b) 220 c) 440 d) 660
03. The higher and lower temperatures in a refrigerator working on reverse Carnot cycle are 35 0C
and -150C respectively. The capacity of the machine is 35.16 kW. The power required will be
a) 81.6 kW b) 68.1 kW c) 8.61 kW d) 6.81 kW
04. Milk weight 98000 N having specific heat capacity 3.8 kJ/kg K is to be chilled from 400C to
-1 -1

50C in one hour in a chilling plant using a refrigerant whose coefficient of performance is 4.7.
The total compressor power consumption assuming 100% efficiency is
a) 79 kW b) 105 kW c) 79 hp d) 105 hp
05. The condenser of a refrigeration system rejects heat at the rate of 120 kW, while its compressor
consumes a power of 30 KW. The COP of the system would be
1 1
a) b) c)3 d) 4
4 3
06. The working temperatures in evaporator and condenser coils of a refrigerator are -230C and
270C respectively. The COP of the refrigerator is 0.8 of the maximum COP. For a power input
of 1 kW, the refrigeration effect produced will be
a) 4 kW b) 5 kW c) 8 kW d) 2.5 kW
07. In the figure shown, E is a heat engine with, efficiency of 0.4 and R is refrigerator. Given that
Q 2 + Q 4 = 3Q1 . The COP of the refrigerator is

Q1
Q4
W
E R

Q2 Q3

a) 2.5 b) 3.0 c) 4.0 d) 5.0

0
08. A domestic refrigerator set at 2 C handles on the average a thermal load of 8000 kJ per day.
The ambient temperature is 300C. The COP of the refrigerator is equal to 0.15 times that of
carnot refrigerator. The daily electricity consumption in kWh is approximately
a) 1.47 b) 1.51 c) 3.28 d) 2.86
09. In a 0.5 TR capacity water cooler, water enters at 30 C and leaves at 150C. What is the actual
0

water flow rate?

a) 50 liters/hour b) 75 litres/hour b) 100 liters/hour d) 125 litres/hour
10. A refrigerator based on reversed Carnot cycle works in between two such temperatures that
the ratio between the low and high temperature is 0.8. If a heat pump is operated between
same temperature range, then what would be its COP?
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5
11. A refrigerator works on reversed Carnot cycle producing a temperature of -400C. Work done
per TR is 700 kJ per ten minutes. What is the value of its COP?
a) 3 b) 4.5 c) 5.8 d) 7.0
12. A heat pump is used to heat a house in the winter and then reversed to cool the house in the
summer: The inside temperature of the house is to be maintained at 200C. the heat transfer
through the house wall is 7.9 kJ/s and the outside temperature in winter is 5 0C . What is the
minimum power (Approximate required to drive the heat pump)?
a) 40.5 W b) 405 w c) 42.5 W d) 425 W
13. In the system shown in figure, the temperature T = 300K, When is the thermodynamic
efficiency E of engine E equal to the reciprocal of the COP of R?
600 K

Q1

W
E

Reservoir, T

R
W

150 K
a) When R acts as a heat pump b) When R acts as a refrigerator
c) When R acts both as a heat pump and a refrigerator
d) When R acts as neither a heat pump nor a refrigerator
14. A refrigerator storage is supplied with 3600 kg of fish at a temperature at 27 0C . The fish has
to be cooled to -230 for preserving it for a long period without deterioration. The cooling takes
place in 10 hours. The specific heat of fish is 2.0 KJ/Kg K above freezing point of fish and 0.5
kJ/kg-K below freezing point, which is -30C. The latent heat of freezing is 230 kJ/kg. What is
the Power to drive the plant if the actual COP is half that of ideal COP?
a) 30 KW b) 15 KW c) 12 KW d) 6 KW
15. A carnot refrigerator works with a temperature range of −5 C to 400 C on
0

(i) R – 12 (ii) R – 717 (iii) Air

a) COP with R – 12 is greater than COP with R – 717
b) COP with R -12 is greater than COP with air
c) COP with R -12 is equal to COP with R – 717
d) COP with R – 717 is greater than COP with air.
16. Two carnot refrigerators are employed one for ice making and other for comfort cooling
a) The COP of refrigerator for ice making is higher than that for the other
b) The COP of refrigerator for ice making is lower than that for the other
c) the COP of refrigerator for ice making is same as that for the other
d) The COP of carnot refrigerator will depend on refrigerant used
17. Assertion (A) : Heat pump used for heating is a definite advancement over the simple electric
heater.
Reason (R): the heat pump is far more economical in operation than electric heater.
a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true
II) VAPOUR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION CYCLE
01. The correct sequence of the given components of a vapour compression refrigerator is
a) Evaporator, compressor, condenser and throttle valve
b) Condenser, throttle valve, evaporator and compressor
c) Compressor, condenser, throttle valve and evaporator
d) Throttle valve, evaporator, compressor and condenser
02. In vapour compression plant, if certain temperature differences are to be maintained in the
evaporator and condenser in order to obtain the necessary heat transfer, then the evaporator
saturation temperature must be
a) Higher than the desired cold – region temperature and the condenser saturation temperature
must be lower than the available cooling water temperature by sufficient amounts
b) Low than the desired cold – region temperature and the condenser saturation temperature
must be lower than the available cooling water temperature by sufficient amounts
c) Lower than the desired cold – region temperature and the condenser saturation temperature
must be higher than the available cooling water temperature by sufficient amounts
d) Higher than the desired cold – region temperature and the condenser saturation temperature
must be higher than the available cooling water temperature by sufficient amounts.
03. The values of enthalpy at the beginning of compression, at the end of compression and at the
end of condensation are 185 kJ/kg, 210 kJ/kg and 85 kJ/kg, respectively, What is the value of
the COP of the vapour compression refrigeration sysem?
a) 0.25 b) 5.4 c) 4 d) 1.35
04. In a vapour compression refrigeration system, throttle valve is used in place of an expander
because
a) It considerably reduces the system weight
b) It improves the COP, as the condenser is small
c) The positive work in isentropic expansion of liquid is very small
d) It leads to significant cost reduction
05. A single-stage vapour compression refrigeration system cannot be used to produce ultralow
temperatures because
a) Refrigerants for ultra-temperatures are not available
b) Lubricants for ultra-low temperatures are not available
c) Volumetric efficiency will decrease considerably
d) Heat leakage into the system will be excessive
06. The flash camber in a single stage simple vapour compression cycle
a) Increases the refrigeration effect b) Decreases the refrigeration effect
c) Increases the work of compression d) Has no effect on refrigerating effect
07. Subcooling heat exchanger is used in a refrigeration cycle. The enthalpies at condenser outlet
and evaporator outlet are 78 and 182 kJ/kg respectively. The enthalpy at outlet of isentropic
compressor is 230 kJ/kg and enthalpy of subcooled liquid is 68 kJ/kg. The COP of the cycle is
a) 3.25 b) 2.16 c) 3.0 d) 2.5
08. In a vapour compression refrigeration plant, the enthalpy values at different points are:
i) Enthalpy at exit of the evaporator = 350 kJ/kg
ii) enthalpy at exit of the compressor = 375kJ/kg
iii) Enthalpy at exit of the condenser = 225 kJ/kg
the refrigerating efficiency of the plant is 0.8. what is the power required per kW of cooling to
e produced?
a) 0.25 kW b) 4.0 kW c) 12.5 kW d) 11 kW
09. In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle for making ice, the condensing temperature of
higher COP
a) Should be near the critical temperature of the refrigerant
b) Should be above the critical temperature of the refrigerant
c) Should be below the critical temperature of the refrigerant
d) Could be of any value as it does not affect the COP.
10. The vapour compression refrigeration cycle is represented as shown in figure below, with state
1 being the exit of the evaporator. The coordinate system sued in this figure is

a) P – h b) T – s c) P – S d) T – h

11. An ideal vapour compression refrigeration cycle uses R – 134a as working fluid. The condenser
pressure is 5 bar and evaporator pressure is 60 kPa. The refrigerant enters the compressor as
saturated vapour and its specific enthalpy at the compressor exit is 267.98 kJ/kg. the other
relevant data regarding R – 134a are given below.
Pressure, Bar 0.6 5
h f ( kJ / kg ) 3.46 71.33
h g ( kJ / kg ) 224.72 256.07
Sf ( kJ / kg − K ) 0.0147 0.2723
Sg ( kJ / kg − K ) 0.9520 0.9117

The COP of the cycle is approximately

a) 2.55 b) 3.55 c) 4.11 d) 5.11
12. Assertion (A) : Subcooling of refrigerant liquid increases the coefficient of performance of a
refrigeration cycle
Reason (R): Subcooling reduces the work requirement of a refrigeration cycle.
a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true
13. Assertion (A) : In vapour compression refrigeration system throttle valve is used and not
expansion cylinder..
Reason (R): throttling is a constant enthalpy process..
a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true
Common Data Questions 14 & 15
A refrigerator based on ideal vapour compression cycle operates between the temperature limits
of
-200C and 400C. The refrigerant enters the condenser as saturated vapour and leaves as saturated
liquid. The enthalpy and entropy values for saturated liquid and vapour at these temperatures are
given in the table below.

T(0C) hf hg Sf Sg
(kj/kg) (kj/kg) (kj/kg (kj/kg
K) K)
 -20 20 180 0.07 0.7366
40 80 200 0.3 0.67

14. If refrigerant circulation rate is 0.025 kg/s, the refrigeration effect is equal to
a) 2.1 kW b) 2.5 kW c) 3.0 kW d) 4.0 kW
15. The COP of the refrigerator is
a) 2.0 b) 2.33 c) 5.0 d) 6.0
Common Data Questions 16 &17
The flow rate of refrigerant R – 12 in a refrigerator is 0.03 kg/s. The refrigerant enters the
compressor as saturated vapour at 150.9 kPa. After adiabatic compression, it enters the
condenser as superheated vapour at 500 kPa and 100 0C and leaves the condenser as
saturated liquid at the same pressure. Use the following data to answer the questions 16 and
17.
For the superheated vapour at 500 kPa and 1000C, h=252.05 kJ/kg.
Pressure Temp Specific
(kPa) (0C) enthalpy
hf hg
(kj/kg) (kj/kg)
150.9 -20 17.82 178.74
500 15.6 50.64 195.01

16. The refrigeration effect in kW is

a) 1.71 b) 3.84 c) 4.33 d) 4.83
17. The actual power input to the compressor in kW is
a) 0.49 b) 0.99 d) 1.71 d) 2.2

Statement for linked answer questions 18 and 19

A 1 hp motor is used for running a dual cylinder reciprocating compressor of a refrigeration
system based on R-134a refrigerant having 185 kJ kg-1 cooling capacity. COP of the system
is 4.2 and overall efficiency of the compressor is 80%. Specific volume of the refrigerant vapour
at suction temperature is 0.15 m3 kg-1. The compressor with bore diameters of 40 mm each
runs at 1440 rpm.
18. The mass flow rate of the refrigerant in kg min-1 is
a) 1.634 b) 1.090 c) 0.813 d) 0.240
19. The compressor stroke length in mm is
a) 16.8 b) 33.7 c) 50.5 d) 67.4
20. A reciprocating compressor produces 10 tons of refrigeration at an evaporator temperature of
50C and a condenser temperature of 350C. Estimate how much cooling effect it can produce
at an evaporator temperature of -300C, the condenser temperature remaining un-alterted.
Given: Refrigerant : R – 12, clearance = 5%, index of compression (in both cases) is 1.15.
Extract from refrigerant property tables:
Specific Enthalpy
volume (m3/kg) (Kj/Kg)
Temp Pre Liq Vap Liquid Vapour
(bar) 10-3 our
-300C 1.005 0.672 0.1600 8.88 174.96
+50C 3.631 0725 0.0478 40.81 190.88
+350C 8.501 0.787 0.0208 69.74 202.96

21. In a simple vapour compression cycle, following are the properties of the refrigerant R -12 at
various points:

Compressor inlet h1=183.2 v1=0.0767

kJ/kg; m3/kg
 Compressor h2=222.6 v2=0.0164
Discharge: kJ/kg; m3/kg
Condenser exit h3=84.9 v3=0.00083
kJ/kg; m3/kg
The piston displacement volume for the compressor is 1.5 litres per stroke and its volumetric
efficiency is 80%. The speed of compressor is 1600 rpm. Find (a) power rating of the
compressor (kW), (b) refrigerating effect (kW).
22. In a 5 kW cooling capacity refrigeration system operating on a simple vapour compression
cycle, the refrigerant enters the evaporator with an enthalpy of 75 kJ/kg and leaves with an
enthalpy of 183 kJ/kg. The enthalpy of the refrigerant after compression is 210 kJ/kg. show the
cycle on T-S or p-H diagram. Calculate the following: (a) COP (b) power input to compressor
and (c) rate of heat transfer at the condenser.
23. A refrigeration compressor of 50 mm bore and 40 mm stroke operates at a speed of 1460 rpm
between condensing and evaporating pressure limits of 1.219 MPa and 0.151 MPa. The
clearance ratio is 5%, ratio of specific heats of refrigerant is 1.18, specific volume of refrigerant
at suction is 0.11 m3/kg and the enthalpy change of refrigerant in the evaporator is 93.7 kJ/kg.
Calculate the refrigeration load the compressor can serve.
24. A refrigerator based on V – C cycle operates between temperature limits of – 200C and 400C.
The refrigerant enters the condenser as saturated vapour and leaves as saturated liquid. The
enthalpy and entropy of saturated liquid and saturated vapour is given in the table.
t0C hf hg Sf Sg
(kJ/kg) (Jj/kg) (kJ/kg (kJ/kg
K) K)
-20 20 180 0.07 0.736
40 80 200 0.3 0.67

25. A simple saturation cycle using R12 is designed for taking a load of 10 ton. The refrigerant and
ambient temperatures are 00C and 300C respectively. A minimum temperature difference of
50C is required in evaporator and condenser for heat transfer. Find the
a) Mass flow rate though the system. b) Power required in kW,
c) Cylindrical dimensions assuming L/D ratio of 1.2 for a single cylinder single acting
compressor, if it runs at 300 rpm with a volumetric efficiency of 0.9. The following properties
are taken for R12 Specific heat of R12,vap = 0.95 kJ / kg − k .
Sat. Sat. Sp. Vol.
Enthalpy (kJ/kg) Entropy (kJ/kg-
Temperature Pressure (  10−3 m3 / kg )
K)
(0C) (bar)
hf hg sf sg
vf vg
31.4 185.4 0.1251 0.6991
-50C 2.61 0.71 0.0650
36.1 187.5 0.1420 0.6966
0 0C 3.08 0.72 0.0554
64.6 199.6 0.2399 0.6854
300C 7.45 0.77 0.0235
69.5 201.5 0.2559 0.6839
350C 8.47 0.79 0.0206