OBJ

ECTI
VES:

1.I
dent
ifyt
hephys
icalandmot
ordevel
opmenti
nchi
ldhoodandadol
esc
enc
e.

2.
Des
cri
bebr
aindevel
opmentdur
ingc
hil
dhoodandadol
esc
enc
e.

3.Gi
vef
act
orsaf
fec
tingdevel
opment

4.Dif
ferent
iateexcept
ionaldevel
opmenti
nter
msof
:phys
icalands
ens
orydi
sabi
li
ti
esand
att
entiondefi
cithyperac
tivi
tydis
order
s

EARLYCHI
LDHOOD-Ager
ange:2t
o6year
s.Knownt
ousas“
pres
choolage”

Phys
icalDevel
opmentduri
ngEarl
yChi
ldhood

Phys
icaldevel
opmenti
nchi
ldr
enf
oll
owsadi
rec
tionalpat
ter
n.

 Thecenteroft
hebodydevel
opsbeforet
heouterregi
ons.
Mus
cleslocatedatt
hecor
eof
thebodybecomest
rongeranddevelops
oonerthanthos
eint
hef eetandhands.

 Devel
opmentgoesfr
om thet
opdown,f
rom theheadt
ot hetoes
.Thi
siswhybabi
es
l
earntohol
dtheirheadsupbef
oret
heylear
nhow tocrawl.

 Therapidincreaseinbodys i
zeofthefi
rsttwoyearstaper
soffi
ntoasl
owergrowt
h
pat
tern.Onaver age,chi
ldr
enadd2t o3i nchesi
nheightandabout5poundsi
nweight
eac
hyear .Boysc ont
inuetobesli
ghtl
ylargerthangir
ls.

 Largemus cl
esdevelopbef
oresmallmuscl
es.Muscl
esinthebody'
score,l
egsandarms
developbeforet
hoseinthefi
ngersandhands.Chil
drenlearnhow t
operfor
m gros
s(or
lar
ge)mot orski
ll
ssuchaswalki
ngbeforetheylear
nt operf
ormfine(orsmall
)motor
ski
llssuc
hasdr awing.

Mot
orDevel
opmentduri
ngEarl
yChi
ldhood

Gros s(
large)motorskill
s-involvethelargermusclesi
ncludingthearmsandl egs
.Acti
ons
requiri
nggrossmotorskil
lsincludewalking,runni
ng,balanceandc oordi
nation.When
evaluat
inggrossmotorskil
ls,t
hef ac
torsthatexper
tslookatincludestr
ength,mus clet
one,
movementqual it
yandther angeofmovement

Fi
ne( small)motors ki
lls-involvethesmallermusclesint
hefi
ngers,toes,eyesandother
ar
eas.Theac ti
onst
hatr equir ef
inemotors kil
lst
endt obemor
ei nt
ricate,suchasdrawing,
writ
ing,gr
as pi
ngobject
s ,t
hr owing,wavingandc at
ching.

Brai
nDevel
opmentduri
ngEarl
yChi
ldhood

 Bet
weenages2and6,t
hebr
aini
ncr
eas
esf
rom 70per
centofi
tsadul
tswei
ghtt
o70
per
cent
.

 chil
dreni mpr
ovesinawidevar i
etyofskil
ls-
thesearephysi
calcoor
dinat
ion,per
cept
ion,
att
ention,memory,l
anguage,l
ogicalt
hinking,andimaginat
ion.
LANGUAGESKI
LLS:

 l
efthemisphereofthebrain,i
ncr
easeatanastoni
shi
ngpac
einear
lychi
ldhood,and
t
heysupportchi
ldr
en’si
ncreasi
ngcont
roloverbehavi
our
,al
somedi
atedbythefront
al
l
obes.

 righthemisphere,suchasgivi
ngdir
ect
ions,drawi
ngpic
tures,andrec
ogni
zing
geometri
cshapes,developgr
adual
lyoverchil
dhoodandadolescenc
e

MI
DDLECHI
LDHOOD-Ager
ange:6t
o12year
s.Knownas“
Grade1t
o6pupi
ls”

Phys
icalDevel
opmentduri
ngMi
ddl
eChi
ldhood

 Furt
hermore,bot
hboysandgirl
sar
ebuildi
ngmuscl
e.Gener
all
y,c
hil
drenwil
lgai
n6to
7poundsayeareachduringt
heperi
od.Gir
lst
endt
or et
ainmoref
att
ytis
suet
hanboys
inprepar
ati
onforpuber
ty.

 Chil
dren’sbodiesc
hangeal
otdur
ingt
hisdevel
opment
.Bonesbr
oadenandl
engt
hen
dramatic
ally.

 Chil
drenwillgrow anaverageof2-
3inchestal
lereachyearthroughoutthi
sstage.As
youngchil
drenentertothisperi
od,boysaregeneral
lytall
erthangirl
s,butattheendof
middlechi
ldhood,thegrowthtrendinheightwil
lrever
s e.

Mot
orDevel
opmentduri
ngMi
ddl
eChi
ldhood

Gross(l arge)motors kil

ls-Chil
drenareabl
etogaint
hisi mprovedcont
rolandc oordi
nat
ion
duetoi ncr eas
esi
nt heirf
lexibi
li
ty,equi
li
bri
um,andagil
ity.Theyals
olearnhow to
synchroni zethemovementoft heirbody'
svari
ouspar
ts,allowi
ngforthedevelopmentof
smoother ,mor ec
oor di
natedwhol e-
bodymovementroutinessuchasareneededf or
part
ici
pat inginorganizedsports.

Fi
ne( small
)mot orskills
-middle-chi
ldhood-
agedc hi
ldr
ens how dramatici
mpr ovement
s
wit
ht hei
rpenmans hip.Thei
rart
i s
ticabil
itycantrulybegintoshineduringthi
sper i
odasthey
al
sodeveloptheabili
tytodraw c
ompl exanddetailedpict
uresincorpor
atingdepthcuesand
3Delementsandtheybec omemor ei maginat
ive.

Brai
nDevel
opmentduri
ngMi
ddl
eChi
ldhood

 Thef
ront
allobesoft
hecort
exs how as
lighti
ncr
eas
eins
urf
acear
eabet
weenages5
and7duetoconti
nuingmyeli
nizat
ion.

 Thecorpusc
allosum t
hic
kens
,leadi
ngt
oimpr
ovedc
ommuni
cat
ionbet
weent
het
wo
cor
tic
alhemispheres
.

 Synapti
cpruni
ngc ont
inues
,andl
ater
ali
zat
ionoft
hec
erebr
alhemi
spher
esi
ncr
eas
es
overthesc
hoolyears.

 Neur
otr
ans
mit
ter
sar
echemi
cal
sthatper
mitneur
onst
ocommuni
cat
eac
ros
ssynaps
es.
  Sec
ret
ionsofpar
tic
ularneur
otr
ans
mit
ter
sar
erel
atedt
ocogni
ti
veper
for
manc
e.

 Brainf
uncti
oningmayals
ochangebec
aus
eofani
ncr
eas
einandr
ogenst
hatoc
cur
sin
bothboysandgirl
sar
oundage7to8.

ADOLESCENCE

 Adoles
cenc
eisthet
rans
iti
onals
tagef
rom c
hil
dhoodt
oadul
thoodt
hatoc
cur
sbet
ween
ages13and19.

 Thephysi
calandpsychologi
calc
hangesthatt
akeplac
einadol
esc
enc
eof
tens
tar
tear
lier
,
duri
ngthepreteenor"t
ween"years:ages9and12.

Phys
icalDevel
opmentduri
ngAdol
escence

1.
Adol
escentorPubert
alGrowt
hSpurt

 Thisref
erstotherapi
dacc el
erat
ioninheightandwei
ght
.Gir
lsent
ertherapidgr
owt
h
earl
ierthanboys.Gi
rlsmaybeginasearlyasage9orasl
ateasage12,whil
eboysmay
beginasearl
yas12orasl ateas16.

2.Pubert
y

 Thisist
heemer gentofpr
imaryandsec
ondarysexcharacter
ist
ics
,andt
hepoi
ntwhi
ch
theindi
vidualbecomesphys
ical
lyc
apableofs
exualreproducti
on.

t
wos
igni
ficantchangesi
nphys
icaldevel
opment

Pri
marys excharacteri
sti
csinc
ludedevel
opmentofgonads(
tes
tesf
orboysandovar
iesf
or
gi
rls
),andproduc
tionofsexhormones.

Secondarysexcharacteris
ticsi
ncl
udedevelopmentofbodyf orm(tri
angularforboysand
hourglassf
orgirl
s),growthofpubichai
rs,andmenarche(firstmens t
rualperiodforgirl
s),
spermarche(fi
rstejaculat
ionofsemencont ai
ningejacul
atef ormales)andpenisgrowth
forboys.

Mot
orDevel
opmentduri
ngAdol
escence

Fi
ne(
smal
l)mot
ors
kil
lsandGr
oss(
lar
ge)mot
ors
kil
ls

 Grossandfi
nemotors
kill
simproveconti
nuousl
yduri
ngadol
esc
ence.Adol
esc
entscan
domor ecompl
exandstr
enuousacti
vit
iescomparewhent
heywereinthei
rmiddle
chi
ldhood.

Brai
nDevel
opmentduri
ngAdol
escence

 Fr
ont
all
obes
,res
pons
ibl
eforr
eas
oni
ngandpr
obl
em s
olvi
ng,devel
op.

 Synapt
icgr
owt
hspur
tsmos
tint
empor
alandpar
iet
all
obes
.

 Synapt
icpr
uni
ngoc
cur
smos
tlyi
nfr
ont
all
obes
,andadol
esc
entl
ose
sthr
eepe
rce
nt
 mat
teri
nfr
ont
all
obe
s.

ENVI
RONMENTI
NFLUENCEONBRAI
NDEVELOPMENT

 Li
feExper
ienc
e

 I
ncr
eas
edSt
imul
ati
on

FACTORSAFFECTI
NGDEVELOPMENT

*MATERNALNUTRI
TION

Mat er
nalNutri
ti
ondur i
ngPregnancy-Duri
ngpr egnancy,al
lwomenneedmor efood,avar
ied
dietandmicronutri
entsuppl
ementsasprescr
ibedbydoc tor.Whenenergyandot
hernutri
ent
intakedonotincr
ease,t
hewoman’ sbodyownr eservesareused,l
eavi
ngherweakened.

Mater nalNutri
ti
onduringLactation-Lactati
onplac
eshighdemandsonmat ernalst
oresof
energy,protei
n,andothernutrients.Br
eas tmil
kisbes
tforbabybecaus
eitcontainsal
lthe
vit
ami nsandnut ri
ent
sthatbabyneedsf orgrowthanddevel
opmentduringthefirs
tsix
mont hsofli
fe.

*CHI
LDNUTRI
TION

 Pre-
schoolchi
ldren’
sdietmustbehighi
nvit
ami
nsandminer
als
,andatt
hisst
age,an
adequatesupplyofcal
cium,i
ron,pr
otei
nandvi
tami
nsAandBisess
enti
al.

 Pre-s
choolchil
drenarerequi
redtohavefoodthatprovi
deshighinener
gyalongwith
foodsthatgi
vevitaminsandmineral
sbec
aus einthi
speriod,c
hil
drengrow f
astand
becomemor eac t
ive.

*EARLYSENSORYSI
MULATI
ON

 Chi
ldr
enunder6yearsofagetendtobefarsi
ghtedbec
ausethei
reyeshavenotmat
ured
andares
hapeddi
ffer
entl
yf r
om thoseofadult
s.Aft
ert
hatage,t
heeyesnotonl
yare
morematur
ebutcanfocusbetter
.

 Minori
tyofchi
ldren'
svis
iondoesnotdevelopproperl
y.About10% of6year
soldhave
def
ecti
venearvis
ion,and7% havedefec
tivedis
tantvisi
on,t
helat
ernumberj umpsto
17% by11year
sofage.

FACTORSAFFECTI
NGGROWTH

 GENETI
CHI
STORY

 NUTRI
TION

 EXERCI
SE

 SLEEP

 EMOTI
ONALWELLBEI
NG
  MEDI
CALCONDI
TIONS

EXCEPTI
ONALDEVELOPMENT:PHYSI
CALDI
SABI
LITI
ES

Cr
ippl
ingdi
sabi
li
ti
esi
ncl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ng:

 a.impairmentoftheboneandmuscl
esys
temswhi
chaf
fec
tsmobili
tyandmanual
dexteri
tydif
fic
ultandimposs
ibl
easi
nthecas
eoft
heamputeesandthos
ewit
hsever
e
fract
ures;

 b.i
mpairmentoft
henerveandmus cles
yst
emsmaki
ngmobi
li
tyawkwar
dand
uncoor
dinat
edasinc
erebralpal
sy;and

 c
.def
ormit
iesorabsenc
eofbodyorgansands
yst
emsnec
ess
aryf
ormobi
li
tyl
ikei
nthe
c
aseoft
hec l
ub-
footandpar
aplegi
cs.

CAUSESOFHANDI
CAPS

 t
hephys
ical
lyhandi
cappedhavei
mpai
rment
sthatar
etempor
aryorper
manent

1.PRE-
NATALFACTORS-t hes
ef act
orsthataffedctnormaldevel
opmentbef
oreandaf
ter
conceptionvi
rtuall
ylast
ingupt othef
irsttri
mes terort
hirdtri
mest
erofli
fe.
Specif
icall
ythisi
ncludetheffg.

*GENETI
CORCHROMOSOMALABERRATI
ONS

 Thisr
esult
sfrom bl
oodinc
ompatibi
li
tyoft
hehus
bandandwi
fe.Ther
eisat
rans
ferof
def
ect
ivegenesfr
om par
enttoof
fspri
ng

*PREMATURI
TY

 Bi
rthoff
etusi
sus
ual
lyear
liert
hant
heni
nthmont
hofpr
egnanc
y.

*I
NFECTI
ON

 Thisi
scausedbybacter
iaorvi
rusonthefet
usi
nthewombofthemother,theger
ms
usual
lycomefrom hi
ghlycommunic
abledis
eas
esli
ker
ubel
laandvenerealdis
eases
.

*MALNUTRI
TION

 I
nsuff
ici
entint
akeoffoodnut
rient
snec
ess
aryt
osus
tai
ngr
owt
handdevel
opmentof
f
etusandthemother
.

*RADI
ATI
ON

 Per
tai
nst
otheexpos
ureoft
hepr
egnantmot
hert
oradi
oac
tiveel
ement
sli
kex-
ray.

Ins
uffi
cientint
akeoff
oodnut
rient
snec
ess
aryt
osus
tai
ngr
owt
handdevel
opmentoff
etus
andthemot her
.
*METABOLI
CDI
STURBANCE

 I
nabi
li
tyoft
hemot
herort
hef
etust
omakeus
eoff
oodi
ntake

*DRUGABUSE

 Ent
ryofl
argequant
iti
esofmedi
cinesi
ntot
hebodyt
husaf
fec
tingt
hef
etus

2.
PERINATALFACTORS-Thes
efact
orst
hatcaus
ecri
ppl
ingcondi
tionsduri
ngt
heperi
od
ofbi
rth.

*BI
RTHI
NJURI
ES

 Thesearei
njuri
essuff
eredbyt
henewbor
nbaby.I
njur
ytot
hes
pinewi
llc
aus
e
paral
ysi
s.(
kerni
cterus

*DI
FFI
CULTLABOR

 Har
dandpr olongedl
aborbef
oret
heac
tualbi
rthwhi
chi
nter
rupt
stheoxygeni
ntakeof
mothert
ofetus

*HEMORRHAGE

 Pr
ofus
ebl
eedi
ngoft
hemot
herdur
ingbi
rthwhi
chmi
ghtbec
aus
edbydamageoft
he
ut
erus
.

3.
POSTNATALFACTORS-Thes
earef
act
orscaus
ingcri
ppl
ingcondi
tionsaf
terbi
rth.

*I
NFECTI
ONS

 Thes
ear
ecaus
edbyi
ll
nes
sli
kedi
pht
her
ia,t
ypoi
d,meni
ngi
ti
s,enc
ephal
omyel
it
isand
r
icket
sini
nfant
s.

*TUMORANDABSCESSI
NTHEBRAI
N

 Theydes
troyt
hebr
ainc
ell
sconnec
tedwi
thmovementt
husi
mpai
ringmobi
li
ty.

*FRACTURESANDDI
SLOCATI
ONS

 Thesear
edest
ruc
tionofmobili
tyorgansei
thert
hroughf
all
sandot
herac
cident
s
caus
ingbonef
ract
uresordi
slocat
ion

*TUBERCULOSI
SOFTHEBONES

 TBger
msar
eli
kel
ytoat
tac
kthebonesoft
hever
yyoungc
aus
ingc
rippl
ingc
ondi
ti
ons

*CEREBROVASCULARI
NJURI
ES

 Thes
ear
einj
uri
esi
ntheheadr
egi
onenought
ocaus
ebr
aindamage

*POST-
SEI
ZUREORPOST-
SURGI
CALCOMPLI
CATI
ONS

 Thes
ear
econvul
sionsaf
tert
hedel
iver
yoft
hebabywhi
chc
aus
ecr
ippl
ingc
ondi
ti
ons
.
*ARTHRI
TIS,RHEUMATI
SM

 Thes
ear
edi
seas
esaf
fec
tingt
hes
pinalc
olumnandmus
clesofl
ocomot
ionatt
hebac
k

EXCEPTI
ONALDEVELOPMENT:SENSORYI MPAI RMENTS-Inter
msofs ever
ityof
i
mpairment
,ther
ear
etwoc
las
sesofvi
sualhandi
caps:vi
suali
mpairmentandblindnes
s

VISUALI MPAI RMENT-I ti

svi
sualpr
oblem thatc
all
sfors
pecif
icmodifi
cat
ionoradjus
tment
s
i
nt hest
udent'seducat
ionalpr
ograms.Majorandminoralt
erati
onscanbedoneinthe
i
ns t
ruc
tionalenvir
onmentdependingupont heki
ndofimpairment.

BLI
NDNESS-I
tist
hei
nabi
li
tyoft
heper
sont
oseeanyt
hing.

THEMOSTCOMMONVISUALPROBLEMSWHI CHCONFRONTSTUDENTSAREVI
SUAL
ACUITYPROBLEMS.THEYAREASFOLLOWS:

1.Reduc
edvi
sualac
uit
y-poors
ight

2.Ambl
yopi
a-l
azyeye

3.
Hyper
opi
a-Far
sight
ednes
s

4.Myopi
a-near
sight
ednes
s

5.
Ast
igmat
ism -i
mper
fec
tvi
sion

OTHERVI
SUALI
MPAI
RMENTSWHI
CHMAYAFFECTSTUDENTSARETHEFOLLOWI
NG:

 Al
bini
sm -r
api
d,i
nvol
unt
arys
idemovementoft
heeyebal
lornys
tagmus

 Cat
aract
s-t
hel
ensoft
heeyec
hangesf
rom ac
lear
,tr
ans
par
ents
truc
tur
etoac
loudy
oropaqueone.

 Macul
ardegenerat
ion-t
hec
ent
ralpar
toft
her
eti
nawhi
chi
scal
ledmac
ulai
saf
fec
ted.
Ther
emai
ningper
ipher
alvi
sionc
ans
eel
argeobj
ect
sandc
olor
sbutnott
oread.

 Di
abet
icret
inopat
hy-l
eadi
ngc
aus
eofnew c
asesofbl
indnes
sandc
har
act
eri
zedby
hemorrhagi
ngoft
inyves
sel
soft
her
eti
na.Asac
ons
equenc
e,vi
sioni
sbl
urr
edor
dis
tor
ted.

 Gl
aucoma-c
har
act
eri
zedbyi
ncr
eas
edpr
ess
urewi
thi
ntheeye,gr
aduall
ossofvi
sion.

 Ret
ini
tisPi
gment
osa-i
nher
itedc
ondi
ti
onwhi
chbegi
nswi
tht
hel
ossofni
ghtvi
sion
andl
eadst
ogr
adual
lydec
reas
ingper
ipher
alvi
sion.

 Ret
inopat
hyofpremat
uri
ty(
det
ori
orat
ionoft
heret
ina)-c
aus
edbyhi
ghl
evelof
oxygenrequi
redf
ors
urvi
valofpr
emat
urei
nfant
swhowoul
dhavenotpr
evi
ous
ly
survi
ved.
CAUSESOFDEAFNESS-deaf
nes
sisac
ondi
ti
onedc
aus
edbyanumberoff
act
ors
,namel
y:

*PRENATALCAUSES

a.t
oxi
ccondi
ti
ons

b.vi
raldi
seas
es-mumps
,inf
luenza,
rubel
la

c
.congeni
taldef
ect
ssuc
hasl
ack/
clos
ureoft
heext
ernalc
analorevent
heear

*PERI
NATALCAUSES

a.i
njur
ysust
ainedduri
ngdeli
ver
ysuc
haspel
vicpr
ess
urei
njur
yres
ult
ingf
rom us
eoff
orc
eps
andint
rac
ranialhemor
rhage

b.anoxi
aorl
ackofoxygenduet
opr
olongedl
abor

heavys
edat
ionduet
oover
dos
eofanes
thes
iai
ntwi
li
ghtdel
iver
ies

d.
bloc
kageoft
hei
nfant
'sr
espi
rat
orypas
sage

*POSTNATALCAUSES

a.di
seases,ai
lments,condi
ti
onssuchasmeni
giti
s,ext
ernaloti
ti
s(infl
ammationoft heouter
ear)
,oti
tismedia(oftencharac
ter
izedbyr
unning,disc
hargingear(s
)orthei
nf ec
tionofthe
middleear),i
mpac t
edorhandedear wax(
cer
umen)whi chmayl eadtoi
nfec
tion

b.acci
dents
/traumaf
all
a,headbumps
,over
expos
uret
ohi
ghf
requenc
ysoundsandext
remel
y
loudexpl
osions

OTHERCAUSESOFDEAFNESS:

a.he
redi
ty

b.
pre
mat
uri
ty

c
.mal
nut
rit
ion

d.Rhf
act
or-bl
oodi
ncompat
ibi
li
tyofpar
ent
s

e
.ove
rdos
ageofme
dic
ine

EXCEPTI
ONALDEVELOPMENT:LEARNI
NGDI
SABI
LITI
ES

 i
ncl
udesproblemsamongchil
drenr
elat
edt
odi
sor
der
sinunder
standi
ngorus
ing
s
pokenand/orwrit
tenl
anguage

 ref
err
edtoaspercept
ualhandi
caps,br
aini
njury,br
aindys
func
tion,devel
opment
al
aphas
iaandspec
ifics
ensorymotordysf
unc
tion.
Thelear
ningdi
sabil
it
iesc
oul
dbes ymptomsofworl
d-wideprobl
ems-SENSORY
INTEGRATIONORSENSORYDYSFUNCTI ON-itr
eferstot
heabili
tyoftheindi
vidualt
o
proc
essinf
ormati
onc omi
ngfrom t
heenvir
onmentandmakesus etheinfor
mationinthe
proc
ess

 nor
mali
ntel
li
genc
e

 ac
ademi
cac
hievementdef
ici
t

 abs
enc
eofot
herhadc
appi
ngc
ondi
ti
ons

THEDI
FFERENTTYPESOFLEARNI
NGDI
SABI
LITI
ESARE:

1.dys
lexi
a-r
eadi
ng

2.dys
graphi
a-wr
iti
ng

3.vi
sualagnos
ia-s
ight

4.mot
oraphas
ia-s
peaki
ng

5.dys
art
hri
a-s
tut
ter
ing

6.audi
tor
yagnos
ia-he
ari
ng

7.ol
fac
tor
yagnos
ia-s
mel
li
ng

8.dys
cal
cul
ia-mat
h

THREEGENERALCAUSESOFLEARNI
NGDI
SABI
LITY:

1.pr
obl
emat
icpr
egnanc
ies
,oc
cur
ingbef
ore,dur
ingandaf
terdel
iver
y

2.bi
ochemic
ali
mbal
anc
ecaus
edbyi
ntakeoff
oodwi
thar
tif
iac
ialf
oodc
olor
ingsand
fl
avori
ngs

3.envir
onmentalf
act
orsc
aus
edbyemot
ionaldi
stur
banc
e,poorqual
it
yofi
nst
ruc
tionand
lackofmot
ivat
ion

EXCEPTI
ONALDEVELOPMENT:ATTENTI
ONDEFI
CITHYPERACTI
VITYDI
SORDER(
ADHD)

 i
nter
fereswithanindividual'
sabi
lit
ytofoc
us(inatt
ent
ion)
,regul
ateac
tivi
tyl
evel
(
hyperact
ivi
ty,andinhibitbehavi
or(impul
sivi
ty)

 theyoungfr
om ages9-
17ar
eaf
fec
tedf
oratl
eas
tsi
xmont
hsandar
emor
ecommoni
n
boysthangi
rls
.

TheThreeCl
ass
ifi
cat
ionsofADHD:

 pr
edomi
nant
lyi
nat
tent
ive

 pr
edomi
nat
lyhyper
act
ive-
impuks
e
  c
ombi
nedt
ype

PARTSOFBRAI
NandI
T'SFUNCTI
ONS

 FRONTALLOBE-importantf
orcogni
tivef
unct
ionsandcont
rolofvol
unt
ary
movementofact
ivi
ty.

 PARIETALLOBE-proces
ses
inf
ormati
onabouttemperature,
tas
te,t
ouchandmovement

 OCCIPITALLOBE-res
pons
ibl
efor
vi
sion

 TEMPORALLOBE-proces s
es
memori esint
egratethem with
sensat
ionsoftas
te,sound,si
ghtand
touch.

SYNAPSES(HI
HIHI
NDIKOALAM TAWAGDI
TOEIBASTASANERVESI
TOAND
HORMONES)

 Adrenal
ine-f
ightneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Noradrenal
ine-concent
rat
ionneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Dopami
ne-Pl
eas
ureneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Serot
oni
n-Moodneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Gaba-cal
mingneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Acet
ylchol
ine-l
earni
ngneurot
rans
mit
ter

 Gl
utamat
e-memoryneurot
rans
mit
ter

 endorphi
ns-euphori
aneurot
rans
mit
ter