IMPACT ABSORPTION MECHANISM FOR AUTOMOBILES

SEMINAR REPORT

Submitted by

AJAY K
AWH18ME003
To

The APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University

In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Degree
Of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Mechanical Engineering

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

AWH Engineering College
Kuttikkattoor
December 2021

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 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AWH ENGINEERING COLLEGE
KOZHIKODE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled “REVIEW OF FREE PISTON ENGINE
TECHNOLOGY ” submitted by ABHISHEK JUNAK VS REG.NO- AWH18ME011 to
the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical engineering is a bonafide
record of the seminar work carried out by him under our guidance and supervision. This
report in any form has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for any
purpose.

GUIDE HEAD OF THE DEPT

Mr.Safeer M Mr.Sreeram D

Assistant Professor Assistant Professor

Dept. Of Mechanical Engineering Dept Of Mechanical Engineering

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and the foremost, I shall thank God Almighty who gave me the inner strength,
resource and ability to complete the work successfully, without which all my efforts would
have been in vain.

I am deeply indebted to my guide Mr. Safeer M Department of Mechanical

Engineering for his excellent guidance, positive criticism and valuable comments. I am
greatly thankful to principal Dr. Sabeena M. V and Director Dr. Shaheer V.K, AWH
Engineering College for their support and cooperation.

I am thankful to Mr. Sreeram D, Head of the Department for his valuable advice and
motivation. Finally, I thank my parents and friends near and dear ones who directly and
indirectly contributed to the successful completion of my seminar.

JUNAK VS

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 ABSTRACT
Free piston internal combustion engine linear generator (FPELG) is a novel energy
conversion device. Compared with traditional rotary internal combustion engines, FPELG
shows many potential advantages due to the elimination of crank-connecting rod mechanism,
such as structure simply, the high thermal efficiency, the low emission, the multi-fuel and the
multi combustion mode feasibility. Therefore, the FPELG has become a research hot-point in
recent years and has achieved a lot of research results. This paper mainly discusses and
summarizes the recent technical advances of the FPELG from the research groups worldwide.
After a brief introduction on the early research of the free-piston internal combustion engines,
its working principle and different configurations are introduced respectively. Then, this
paper mainly focuses on the recent research progress of the FPELG from the aspects of
modeling and simulation method, experimental approach, and control strategies development.
In the end of the paper, the research trend and future development of the FPELG will be
prospected. It is concluded that matching and optimizing performances of free-piston internal
combustion engine and linear generator are the key research points, and the controlled piston
trajectory of the FPELG is the key technology

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 CONTENTS

No. Content Page No.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
LIST OF FIGURES iv
LIST OF TABLES vi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF FPELG 2
3. THE FPELG TYPES 3
4. RECENT FPELG RESEARCH PROGRESS 4
4.1 Modeling and simulation of FPELG 4
5. SUMMARY OF THE MODELING AND SIMULATION OF
FPELG 15
5.1. FPELG experimental results 15
5.2. FPELG control strategy 15
6. CONCLUSION 21
7. REFERENCES 22

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 LIST OF FIGURES

No. Title Page no.

Fig. 3.1. Schematic representation of three typical structures of FPELG 5

Fig 4.1 (a) The piston position from free piston (b) The Trapping efficiency and
Scavenging and crankshaft-driven piston efficiency under different
scavenging method 7
Fig 4.2 (a) The piston motion profile of the FPEC [40] (b) The linear generator
Efficiency 8
Fig 4.3 a) The spark-ignition FPELG [55] (b) The compression-ignition
FPELG 8
Fig. 4.4 . The phase trajectory and natural frequency characteristics of FPLA from
Shanghai JiaoTong University [71]. (a) The phase trajectory of the FPLA
(b) Natural frequency characteristic of FPLA 9
Fig. 4.5. The piston motion trajectory and parametric study from Nanjing
University of Science and Technology (a) The piston motion
Trajectory 10
Fig. 4.6 The working characteristics of diesel FPELG at Beijing Institute of
Technology. (a) The combustion process of the diesel FPELG
(b) Fuel equivalent ratio nephogram with different injection rate
Profile 11
Fig. 4.8. The different FPELG prototypes developed at West Virginia
University. 15
(a) The spark-ignition FPELG (b) The compression ignition
Fig. 4.9 FPELG prototypes and indicated thermal efficiency of FPELG 16
Fig. 5.1 . FPELG Prototype, the piston position and output Power 17
Fig. 5.2. FP3 prototype (left) and its internal structure 18

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 LIST OF TABLES

No. Title Page no.

3.1. Advantages and disadvantages of different typical types of FPELG 4

4.2 The influence of the parameters on the performances of the FPELG 7

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