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Hydraulic Power System

Lecture one
Dr Hassan Hassoon ALDelfi
OBJECTIVES
• 1- Introduce hydraulic and pneumatic fluid power system
• 2- discuss the advantages and disadvantages of such systems
• 3- apply the concepts of energy, power and efficiency to fluid power
system
What is fluid power
• Fluid power is defined as defined as how liquid fluid is used to
transmit mechanical power. Two types compressible like gas and
incompressible like liquid. Liquid and gas can transfer power.
• Types of power transmission
• 1- Diesel engine is used to as diesel engine to transmit power using
gearbox or pully and belt to run flour machine.
• 2-electrial transmission generator I used to to generate electric
current to run electric motor i.e power is transmitted via current.
• 3-Hydraulic transmission hose flid filled is used to transmit power
from pressurized fluid to lift car i.e fluid carrying power via hose.
Compressible and incompressible fluids
• Liquid can take shape of container i.e mass and volume fixe
incompressible
• Gas can take shape of container mass fixed volume is variable
..compressible .
Hydraulic
• Fluid liquid, incompressible, oil,
self lubricating
• Capacity Median/ Heavy
• Behavior- smooth and handy
• Cleanliness: dirty flambe, has
side effect on environment
Pneumatic
• Fluid gas compressible, air free
must be conditioned from
effects of vapor and oil.
• Capacity Median/ Light
• Behavior- inconsistent+ spongy
• Cleanliness: clean has no side
effect on environment
Comparison between compressible and
incompressible fluids
POWER TRANSMISSION

Electrical Prime mover Pump Fluid Mechanical

Actuator
power ( motor) Power Power

Pressure (psi ,K Pa)

Rotational Mechanical Q flow rate (GPM, LPM)
Valve position
power
 Pump Compressor

MOTOR

Internal
Reservoir
Combustion
Engine ICE
FLUID POWER SYSTEM REPRESENTATION
PRESSURE strength
FLOW RATE speed
VALVE POSITION direction
Pascal Law states if force applied to closed system it will exert pressure equally
in all directions.
F
Fluid Power System Demonstration
pair of syringes coupled together
FLUID POWER TRANSMISSION

• F2
• F1
• F1d1=F2d2 p
• d2<d1 P
LINEAR DOUBLE ACTING AND ROTATIONAL
ACTUATORS
Pump Compressor
cylinder double
acting hydraulic
actuator
MOTOR

Internal
Reservoir
Combustion
Engine ICE hydraulic motor
bidirectional rotational
actuator
FLUID POWER LOSSES
&
TRADE-OFF
FLUID POWER LOSSES:
-heat -unintended pressure drops -
friction -noise -leaks -fittings
-bends
FLUID POWER DISADVANTAGES:
-cleanliness and environmental concerns
-nose -require routine checks -leaks (
safety concern) -pin hole - catastrophic
rapture -slip
FLUID POWER ADVANTAGES:
-large strength
-holding power
-lower initial cost

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

• Electricity –brain
Electrically
controlled
hydraulic
• Hydraulic-muscle system