Proyect

Domain questións

Prepared by:
Leonardo Correa Acero
Cod.201520015600

Presented to
Ing. Alejandro Caicedo.

Foundation university the Liberators

Faculty of engineering and basic sciences.
Program. electronic engineering
Bogota D.C
2019
 PROBLEM
In the agricultural sector there is a poorly developed market with little mechanization
that uses traditional farming systems for a subsistence agriculture of low productivity.
The medium and small farmers who are engaged in production fail to supply the
national market, while the remaining percentage produces only for consumption and
not for sale.
 SOLUTION TO DOMAIN QUESTIONS.
1.1. What is the field of knowledge in which the real world problem is
framed?
The project is in 310000.- AGENCIES SCIENCES and its Field SCIENCES 250000
and 330000.
1.2. What are the fundamentals of the framework knowledge field that are
priorities to define the real world problem?
UNESCO TESAURO NECESSARY FOR THE PROJECT.
GROUP OR FIELD. Sciences.
PREFERRED TERM. Conservation the resource

CONCEPT GENERIC. Exploitation the resource.

• Conservation of the Energy.

• Conservation of the wáter.
• Conservatnio of the energy.
• Conservation of the I usually
CONCEPTS RELATED. • sustainable development
• Resource the management.
• Natural resources.
• Nonrenewable resources.
• Waste treatment.
Sciences> sciences evironmental
BELONGS TO THE GROUP. and engineering.
Reference: UNESCO Thesaurus 2006, own elaboration.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.
• 3307 Electronic Technology.
Technology is a science applied to solving problems in society. This science
constitutes knowledge that allows the design and creation of goods and services that
facilitate the adaptation of the environment and the satisfaction of essential needs. .
(Abalar, 2015)
• 330000.- technological sciences and250000.Earth and space sciences.
It is an orderly system of structured knowledge that studies natural and social
phenomena. In addition, it is a discipline of natural sciences that studies the
structure, morphology, evolution and dynamics of planet earth.
• 3308 Environmental Engineering and Technology.
Set of physical and biological factors that surround living beings and influence
their behavior and development, conditioning the life area of different living
 beings where natural, social elements, as well as natural components such as
soil, water and the air located in a specific place and time. (CUMBRE
PUEBLOS , 2010).
• 510000.- Anthropology.
Science that studies the human being in an integral way, its characteristics and
its culture.
• 331101 Automation Technology.
Automation is a system where production tasks are transferred, usually
performed by human operators to a set of technological elements.
• Sustainability.
Sustainability seeks the balance between development and environmental
conservation. To strengthen new economies and ensure natural resources,
guaranteeing a better quality of life for future generations (Departamento Nacional
de planeación, 2012).
1.3. What is the state of the art of the real world problem? (scientific,
technological, economic, social, historical, business, psychological
aspect).
STATE OF ART.
Timeline.
Evolution of industrial automation.

Físicos John Bardeen,

Walter Brattain y William
1947
Shokkley develop the
Original idea first transistor in the
laboratories of Bell.

Heinrich Grünebaum,
1952 developed the engine
Alquist, presented at
the Fair Hannover.

1959 First computer controlled machine tool.

The first controller Simatic en un
torno capstan It was presented in the
sixth version of the fair EMO the París.

Power electronics: Before the diodes, thyristors

1967 and the IGBT´s were available, the currents were
rectified with selenium rectifiers.
 Strong El Niño phenomenon that produced
a blackout in the country, the then Minister
1992
of Mines and Energy, Juan Camilo
Restrepo, proposed the creation of an
entity that would help plan the energy
sector.

Automation technology increasingly

consists of decentralized and
intelligent control and control
1997 components that can communicate
with others via industrial Ethernet.

The functionality of
the PLC was
2004
discovered on a
chip.

The US gives way to automation,

2010 with the development of new
tools to optimize agricultural
processes.

Canada, Australia and

2012 Chile implemented
automation for crops.

The worldwide use of robots at

2014 y
2015 an industrial level has doubled
and increased by 12%.

The company FF Robotics

developed a harvesting platform that
simulates the human hand to carry
2018 out the apple harvest process, but
with a tenfold effectiveness and that
can collect 85% of the fruit.
• Scientific aspect.
From the scientific aspect, technology (automation) is a new term that has become
popular in recent years, IoT, whose cycles correspond to the word Internet of things,
given that more and more devices have a network connection digital.
This connectivity has the advantage of promoting hundreds of processes with
automation, one of these processes could be applied to agriculture where a schedule
can be conditioned, with the start of the watering program at a certain time, in the
same way a program that quantitatively calculates some physical chemical
properties such as pH, temperature, etc. As well as the stability of the plant and its
productivity. (RED DE ESPECIALISTAS DE AGRICULTORES , 2018).
• Technological aspect
Technology is increasingly evolving the world and with it brings the degradation of
some natural resources and ecosystem services. Technology in the environment
has changed because every day nature is more demanded, human beings are not
aware that the more we ask the environment the more it demands.
However, technology will never cease to impress and with it you can also positively
impact the environment. With the implementation of home automation and
automation in crops, controlled irrigation can be carried out and in this way control
flows, soil erosion, temperature, humidity, nutrients, etc. In this way activate cooling
or heating mechanisms , sensors that can control the quality of the land by analyzing
its components and paying automatically, and even monitoring the process of crops
to optimize their crop plants to identify the time of collection.
• Economic aspect.
In the economic aspect it is the impact of globalization where the most obvious
effects is the internationalization of the world economy, such as the functions of
international markets and the increasing complexity of relations between countries.
The model of the economy in today's society is mostly linear and is based on the
extraction of raw materials, it is necessary to know the environmental impact and
how this can be understood as the result of any activity that alters the environment
in the that occurs and that can be caused by the human being, in this way every
human activity has an environmental impact, however minimal, and can modify the
environmental system as a whole. (OpenMiend, 2016).
• Social aspect.
social aspects are presented in relation to the characteristics of the population and
education, framed within the area in which the Action Plan will be developed.
(Organización de los estados Americanos, 2012). Therefore, the social aspect is
significantly associated with the environmental impact, because the actions of
people on the environment always cause both positive and negative effects on it, so
the implementation of technology such as home automation is essential for the
efficient development of new green technologies that help to have or better visualize
a scenario that before without the help of technology was difficult for the natural
environment (Scielo, 2015).
• Historical aspect.
Since the 1970s, the first automated technologies that have evolved to allow the user
to turn off, turn on or configure certain devices in their home and even modify the
temperature of the environment from anywhere in the world began to develop.
Therefore, it is important for agriculture to remain at the forefront in the development
and implementation of these rapidly evolving technologies. Incorporating
environmental parameters into the development project is a purpose that contributes
to the importance of the environment and is an anthropological aspect that
environmental problems begin to take in the eyes of populations, in particular the
pollution associated with industrial activities. The public response, in the face of
environmental problems, was basically to establish protection legislation based on
the application of national and regional and provincial quality standards and
standards. This legislation normally referred to specific risks, such as air and water
pollution. Quality standards and standards were based on the technical feasibility of
reducing pollution. Therefore, the protective maneuver consisted of reconditioning
existing projects with the appropriate technology to reduce pollution and, generally,
up to a cost that did not exceed the fines that were associated with non-compliance
with the regulations. (SÁNCHEZ, 2012)
• Business aspect.
There are and can create technologies and companies that can take care of the
environment, better and better, for example, digital transformation, environmental
control, smart crops with the implementation of home automation, monitoring
systems for flows, air, erosion, among others and this can be done not only at the
regional level but also at the national and global level, creating technologies that help
the social and environmental spheres guaranteeing a common good.
• Psychological aspect
Recall that while man throughout his history tried by all means to overcome the
barriers imposed by nature (for example, building bridges to save rivers or cliffs, or
boats to extend his field of action), for centuries I accept his laws, he still submitted
to his whims without questioning his tutelary role. But all change because of the
spectacular development of science and technology; Man became the owner of
nature and mastering it was one of his fundamental objectives. But the indiscriminate
and uncontrolled use of its technological power is causing an unpredictable
consequence, which can even seriously affect its own existence. Faced with this
reality, it may be necessary to rethink the relationship man.
1.3.1. Which of the aspects are decisive in the way your solution is glimpsed?
The social, technological and business aspect, with them you can have the scientific
level and technological structures such as the degree of obsolescence and the level
of technological development, social changes such as moral, ethical and
professional values. Finally, you can have a sustainability trend of applied agents
(agriculture). Where alternatives can be implemented and how are you changing the
paradigm of "technology will always be one of the pillars of environmental pollution".
Changing traditional technology for an efficient and sustainable model calling "green
technology" that benefits the entire population, however, with technology you can
raise awareness and from this start to generate new habits of life, in a much more
ecological and productive Therefore, the project focuses on creating a mechanism
that helps agricultural productivity, in the same way benefits the stability of both the
soil and the water cycle, guaranteeing sustainable agriculture and green technology
for the benefit of the anthropic (quality of life) and environmental environment. .
From a technological and social point of view, the big problem that these frame,
without a doubt, is environmental pollution. Social advances imply technological
advances provoking many times dissimilar reactions, from those who plan unlimited
growth that allows everyone to swim in abundance, with an enrichment in the quality
of life, the result of technological progress; until they see in these processes a
dehumanization of man and a future without prospects due, among other things, to
the degradation of the environment and the depletion of non-renewable resources.
There are very serious problems due to incorrect, inappropriate uses or simply
without control of technological developments. It is believed that the responsibility is
not of technology but rather of those who, in an excessive desire for comfort, power
and profit use technological resources without previously analyzing the ecological,
social and human consequences of their abuse.
1.3.2. What are the important communities involved in your solution, what are
they doing?
The agricultural sector due contributes to the compensation of the need for food,
also to the prosperity of citizens to the industry and economy of the country.
BUSINESS.
• INECCET.
• La compañía Blue River Technology.
• Harvest Automation, Deepfield Robotics, Kespry, Lely, Autonomous
Tractor y Vision Robotics.
• Cenicaña.
They are companies dedicated to driving a virtual reality system that controls
remote irrigation with the cell phone button, giving a common possibility for many in
agriculture and controlling the massive data collection systems of the fields through
drones is gone spreading in the industry. (Redagricola, 2017)
1.4. What is the contribution of each reference to the state
of the art?
EXPERIENCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING SMART AGRICULTURE.
CONTRIBUTIONS
• Automation in agriculture is currently in an “advanced prototype” phase.
According to the Spanish association of robotics and automation. This means that
automation has the ability to offer prototypes in a real environment.
• Some productive sectors of Colombia are already using robots (not very
advanced), in the food industry, according to Carlos Saith Rodríguez Rojas,
technical manager of the Center for Artificial Intelligence Competencies, of
Bancolombia. (SIRRAFLY, 2018)
• Agriculture assumes the challenges. The innovation of automation, mainly in
agriculture in Colombia, is a valuable opportunity to solve needs and thus
contribute to care and ensure a well-being and a healthy environment for future
generations.
• Technologies in permanent development, there are currently companies that
allow incorporating new ones to improve variability. These technologies demand
electronic devices with different degrees of technical complexity, georeferenced
information management and specific software.

EXPERIENCES.
• The pioneer countries in crop automation are: United States, Canada and
Australia. Companies such as Harvest Automation, Deepfield Robotics, Kespry,
Lely, Autonomous Tractor and Vision Robotics. Manage, incorporate and take into
account in their devices the temporal space variability, efficiency and sustainability,
to generate goods and services that take into account the well-being and the
development of both the crop and the people involved in the production.
(SIRRAFLY, 2018)
• How does smart agriculture work?
It works as an ecosystem of multiple technologies, with the aim of collecting useful
data that will favor production, boost it and move towards an improvement that
benefits agriculture at different scales.
1.5. What aspects of the origin problem are inherent in Electronic
Engineering?
The aspects of the problem linked to electronic engineering are undoubtedly the
constant monitoring, use of control equipment, pH and temperature monitoring;
that reduce water consumption to achieve sustainable cultivation. The above is
considerably related to the different applications of electronic engineering, an
electronic device that controls and monitors crops is already implemented.

1.6. What are the concepts of engineering mastery that are priorities to define
the real world problem?
Research and innovation because they come from science and technology and
aim to discover new knowledge and achieve greater clarification in the creation or
substantive improvement of products or production processes
BIBLIOGRAFIA

Bunge, M. (2013). Problema Cientifico. Obtenido de https://es.slideshare.net ›

alanpac › el-problema-cientfico-apac.
OpenMiend. (2016). Evaluación del impacto ambiental en la economía. Obtenido
de https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/ciencia/medio-ambiente/evaluacion-del-
impacto-ambiental-en-la-economia/.
Organización de los estados Americanos. (2012). Aspectos sociales. Obtenido de
https://www.oas.org/dsd/publications/Unit/oea17s/begin.htm#Contents.
RED DE ESPECIALISTAS DE AGRICULTORES . (2018). La domotica en el agro .
Obtenido de https://agriculturers.com/la-domotica-en-el-agro/.
SÁNCHEZ, V. (2012). EVALUACIONES DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL:LOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES YLA PARTICIPACION PUBLICA. Obtenido de
file:///C:/Users/X555BP/Downloads/1012-5435-1-PB.pdf.
Scielo. (2015). La contaminación ambiental, un tema con compromiso social.
Obtenido de
http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1909-
04552015000100001.