DF1 N LV Adj & N V N Adj or N Write the pattern

Noun–Verb–Noun-Adjective/Noun
Basic Sentence Patterns
1. The guest.......
Noun – Verb – Noun – Adjective/Noun (objective comp.)
2. The new student.......
The nouns can be
3. The supervisor......
 Names of people
4. The afraid children....
 Pronouns
5. The old lady......
 Personal nouns
6. The sweet girl......
 Impersonal nouns
7. Her husband......
 Subjects or objects
8. His new friend.....
The verbs based on tenses
9. The officer......
 Can be simple or continuous
10. My uncle.......
 Must be transitive
11. The librarian.....
 Are considered their subject agreement
12. They.....
The adjetives
13. Our leader.....
 Can be single adjective or adjective phrase
14. The man.......
 In using ‘verbal adjectives’, Considering their ‘voice’
whether active or passive

Ving refers active in meaning

V3 refers passive in meaning

Noun – Verb – Noun - Adjective / Noun

1. We chose him president.

2. She has made me blue.

3. They elected Anis their new leader.

4. The couple named their new baby Sansan.

5. The boss keeps everyone working very hard.

6. I want my coffee with cream.

7. They have already made Mr. Black Director of

Courses.

8. They appointed Ann secretary.

9. We nominated his little son the best male student.

10. He pushed the door open.

11. She painted the window white.

12. The couple wanted the bed painted.

13. The couple wanted the bed moved outside.

14. The couple wanted the bed painted red/red-painted.

15. Marry wiped the wet table dry

DF1 Basic Sentence Patterns Write the pattern Noun–Linking Verb–Adjective

Noun – Linking Verb – Adjective 1. The guest.......

The nouns can be 2. The new teacher.......

 Names of people 3. The principle......

 Pronouns 4. The child....

 Personal nouns 5. The old lady......

 Impersonal nouns 6. The baby......

 Subject forms 7. Her husband......

The linking verbs 8. His new friend.....

 Can be present (is, am, or are) 9. The midwife......

 Can be past (was or were) 10. My uncle.......

 Can be with modal (modal + be) 11. The librarian.....

 Can be perfect (has been, have been, or had been) 12. They.....

 Can be “seem, appear, become, grow, remain, get, 13. Our leader.....
go, turn, or prove” functioning as linking verb.
14. The author.......
The adjective

 Can be verbal adjectives

 Can be ordinary adjectives

 Can be single adjective or adjective phrases

Noun – Linking Verb – Adjective

1. They must be crazy.

2. He has been very happy.

3. My uncle can be sick.

4. She was not upset.

5. His house is so big.

6. His attendace was mysterious.

7. The students are intersting.

8. The question is rather confusing for me.

9. He goes wrong.

10. The apple turned pale.

11. My mother usually remains calm.

12. They have been absolutely curious.

13. The old man seemed confused.

14. The trainer got angry.

 11) Had been seen
DF2 Passive
12) Stopped outside
(be + Verb three)
13) Is able to be paid
‘be’ → is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being.
14) Was injured
Be (is/am/are)
15) Were tiring
The song is usually sung by Andy before studying.
16) May be later
I am told about her recent problem every time we meet.
17) Can’t be identified
Sometime, those house plants are placed outside.

Be (was/were) Tugas kami harus ditulis dalam bahasa inggris.

The letter was sent last night. 18) Tugas kami > our task
The subjects were taken on that semester. 19) Harus menulis > must write

Be (→ be) 20) Dalam bahasa inggris > in English

The answer will be submitted soon. 21) Our task must be written in English.

This tool is going to be used today at nine. 22) Surat itu dikirim olehnya pagi kemaren.

23) Surat itu > The letter

24) mengirim > sent (past)

Passive
25) olehnya > by her/him
(be + Verb three)
26) pagi kemarin > yesterday morning
‘be’ → is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being.
27) The letter was sent by him yesterday morning.
Been
28) Ruang kelas mereka sedang dicat sekarang.
The material has been explained here twice.
29) ruang kelas mereka > their classroom
The research has been conducted seriously.
30) sedang mengecat > is painting (present)
Being
31) sekarang > now
The room is being cleaned right now.
32) Their classroom is being panted now
The patients are being checked by the doctors.

Can you change the following sentences into passive. Try to write in English
1) We visited the museum yesterday. 1) Tugas kami harus ditandatangani oleh pak dekan.

2) They always go to school by bus. 2) Pesan itu telah terkirim kemaren sore.

Beware of intransitive verbs used. 3) Sejauh ini, Bu Helen telah menulis beberapa artikel.

4) Mereka akan ditanya besok pagi ketika saya datang.

Identify the following whether passive or not 5) Mobilnya (wanita) diperbaiki minggu lalu.

1) Is going to take 6) Bukuku sedang dibaca olehnya (laki-laki).

2) Will be moved 7) Dua hari lagi, ruang kelasmu bisa digunakan.

3) Will be here 8) Kecelakaan itu terjadi tadi pagi ketika saya pergi ke
sekolah.
4) Was jumping
9) Gerbang tujuh sebaiknya dicat lagi.
5) Must have been he
10) Mungkin, tulisannya (wanita) perlu ditambahkan dalam
6) Followed catatanmu.
7) Should be discussed

8) Had been whitening

9) Can be used

10) Is being sad

DF3 Basic Sentence Patterns Make the pattern of

There – linking verb – Noun - adverb

There – Linking verb – Noun - Adverb
1. ........among us.
‘There’
2. .........behind the door.
 The word there in this pattern is NOT an adverb.
3. .........at the front desk.
 The meaning ‘there + LV’ is to tell the existence of
Noun. 4. .........in the hospital.
Noun 5. .........between the hospital and SMAN 1 Puworejo.
 Personal or impersonal nouns 6. .........on the first row.
 No pronouns used 7. ..........on the red corner.
The linking verbs 8. ..........in my red bag.
 Auxliary be is, are, was, & were 9. ..........in the kitchen.
 Auxliary modal will be, must be, would be, can 10. ..........in the waiting room.
be...etc
11. .........under the tree.
 Auxiliary perfect has been, have been, & had been
12. .........over the hill.
The adverbs
13. .........on the chair.
 adverbs of place like at home, here, there, among
them, by the window, next to my room, across the
bank, on the left side, on the table...etc

 adverbs of time

There – linking verb – noun – adverb

1. There are many things in the kitchen.

2. There is a big stove near the frying pan.

3. There is a glass on my table.

4. There will be an exam tomorrow

5. There must be Ann inside of this class

6. There have been many students outside.

7. There is a new house on the corner of the street.

8. There is a fish above a plate.

9. There are many sweet women in front.

10. There can be a training two following days.

11. There is no female student in class B.

12. There is no complain today.

13. There is no student in this hall.

14. There was a mysterious man in that room.

DF4 PRESENT PERFECT 2  Andy has lost his key.

Some expressions you must know... Now, the key is still lost.

We use the simple for situations that exist for a long time, but we  Andy lost his key.
use the continuous for a shorter time. We don’t know whether he has it now or not.
 Joko has been living here since last week. Historical events use past.
 Joko has lived here since he was born.  Soekarno-Hatta proclaimed the Independence of
Don’t use present simple & present continuous to say how long Indonesia.
something has been happening.
Present perfect vs Past simple
 How long do you know Jim? (false)
In a single conversation, if we introduce the conversation using
How long have you known Jim? (true) present pefect, we must continue the conversation using past
simple as long as we still talk about it.
 I am waiting here for an hour. (F)
 A: Ow! I’ve burnt myself.
I have been waiting here for an hour. (T)
B: How did you do that?
 She studies all day. (F)
A: I touched a hot dish.
She has been studying all day. (T)
 X: Look! Somebody has spilt milk on the carpet.
 They are here since January. (F)
Y: Well, It wasn’t I. I didn’t do it.
They have been here since January. (T)
X: Who it was then?
We do not use for with all,
 C: Your hair looks different. Have you had a haircut?
 It has been raining for all day.
D: Yes, I did.
It has been raining all day.
C: Did you cut it yourself?
------the indonesian meaning of for is selama
D: No, Mrs. Black cut it for me.
but we can use for with all, with the following case
Identify the following whether true or false.
 The gifts are taken for all students.
1) Who has written the play Death of a Salesman?
 For all members, please wait for a while.
2) Ow! I’ve cut my finger. It’s bleeding.
------the Indonesian meaning of for is untuk.
3) My grandparents got married in Africa.
Note the structure of How long is it since....?
4) The girl borrowed my book since Tuesday.
 A: How long is it since you had a holiday?
5) It has been snowing all weeks.
B: It’s two years since I had a holiday.
6) It started raining at six today.
(= I haven’t had a holiday for two years.)
7) I have been knowing him for three months.
 It’s ages since Tom visited us.
8) Have you been learning English since a long time?
(= He hasn’t visited us for ages.)
9) Ann has here for three days.
In short, it can be stated that
10) For christmas, the weather has been quite mild.
the word since here means not
11) We have got married for five years.
Present perfect vs Past simple
12) It’s been raining since I got up this morning.
Present pefect with how long; past simple with when
13) Yes, it’s five years since I left her.
 Ann has been working here since August.
14) He has had his new car since last May.
How long has she been working here? (answerable)
15) When has she been sad?
when did she work here? (not answerable)
16) The family has lived with us since Sunday morning.
 Ann stayed there last Monday.
17) How long have they been confused?
How long did she stay there? (not answerable)
18) How long has Jack and his family been staying here?
when did she stay there? (answerable)
19) Have you always been living in this scary house?
Present perfect has a connection with the present.
20) Tom and I have known each other for a month.
Past simple has no connection with the present.
DF5 N V Adv & N V N N 3. The supervisor......

Basic Sentence Patterns 4. The afraid children....

Noun – Verb – Adverb 5. The old lady......

The nouns can be 6. The educated woman......

 Names of people 7. The husband......

 Pronouns 8. His cat.....

 Personal nouns 9. The money......

 Impersonal nouns 10. Almost students.....

The verbs based on tenses 11. The school.....

 Can be simple or continuous 12. The moon.....

 Can be either transitive or intransitive 13. Our leader.....

 Are considered their subject agreement 14. The competition.......

The adverbs can be

 Adverb of manner (how an action happens) Make the pattern of Noun – Verb – Adverb

 Adverb of time (when an action happens) 1. ........between us.

 Adverb of place (where an action happens) 2. .........is being decorated.......

 Adverb of reason (why an action happens) 3. .........after lunch.

 Adverb of purpose (what for an action happens) 4. Some employees........

5. .........moved.........

6. .........on the left corner.

Noun – Verb – Adverb
7. ..........was newly designed........
1. I cried because of you.
8. My house..........
2. She is running slowly.
9. ..........has drunk........
3. Ann will go to Malang.
10. ..........in order to make the children happy.
4. The student has been reading inside of the class.
11. .........uncontrolablely.
5. The young driver standing over there resigned
yesterday. 12. The school bus..........

6. The book was sold quickly. 13. .........are speaking.......

7. The members of the group are still waiting in the 14. .........on the next T-junction.
hall.

8. Everyone should smoke in this area.

9. Your explanation has to be completed before the

next class begins.

10. The teacher is talking seriously.

11. Jack’s wives will come here.

12. She has been cleaning since I was here this morning.

Exercise the pattern of Noun – Verb – Adverb

1. The room.......

2. The new student.......

DF5 Basic Sentence Patterns 9. .........bought......

Noun – Verb – Noun - Noun 10. ........a bunch of flowers.

The nouns can be 11. The long journey.......

 Names of people 12. Allah.....

 Pronouns 13. .......best reward.

 Personal nouns 14. .......threw.....

 Impersonal nouns

 subject or object forms Exercise

 Direct and indirect object placed after the verb 1) Make five senetnces using the pattern noun-verb-
adverb
The verbs based on tenses
2) Make five sentences using the pattern noun-verb-
 Can be simple or continuous noun-noun.
 Must be transitive

 Are considered their subject agreement

Noun – Verb – Noun - Noun

1. Bimo has never given me money

2. He teaches us math.

3. My uncle bought my little son a smartphone.

4. The new school bus gives its users much pleasure.

5. His secretary sent my sister three messages.

6. You never give me something that I need.

7. I wrote my close friends some surprising letters.

8. The student we met yesterday showed me the way

to reach your boarding house.

9. Her talkative neighbor always reminds her her little

son’s waiting at school.

10. That people will bring you your heavy stuff.

11. My mother usually makes me some menus.

12. They have given their new baby born a beautiful

name.

Exercise the pattern of noun – verb – noun - noun

1. ..........posted......

2. .........is sending......

3. The lecturer.......

4. The rector.............

5. ........his beloved wife.....

6. ........a pair of shoes.

7. ........paid.......

8. The song.....
DF6 WILL OR BE GOING TO
Is/am/are + going to
Subject + is/am/are + going to + infinitive/be...
To say what we have already decided to do in future
 She has already talked to me that she is going to
have an early night.
 We are going to go to Surabaya tomorrow morning.
 The train is going to leave Kutoarjo at ten
tomorrow.
 Miss Ann is going to be here next Monday..
To say when the speaker is sure about what will happen
 My sister is going to study here.
 Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain.
 I think Mrs. Ida is going to be alright.
 I think I’m going to be sick.
was/were + going to
Subject + was/were + going to + infinitive/be...
To say what someone intended to do in the past, but it
didn’t happen.
 We were going to travel by train, but then we
decided to go by car.
 A: Did Tom do the examination?
B: No, he was going to do it, but in the end, he
changed his mind.
 I was just going to cross the road when someone
shouted “Stop!”.
When someone says
Actually, Anto was going to marry me.
It means that....
He didn’t marry me.
Will + infinitive verb
Subject + will + infinitive/be...
To say what someone decides to do something at the time
of speaking
 A: What would you like to drink?
B: I’ll have tea please..
 Oh, I left my door open. I’ll go and shut it.
 A: We have a class Sir. (on telephone)
B: Okay, I’ll be there soon.
 Oh no, I forget to phone Ann. I will do it now.
To say when the speaker are not sure about what will
happen.
 According to the weather forecast, it will rain
tomorrow.
 I think she will be here. (not sure)
 I think she is going to be here. (sure)
Some expression using “will”
 I think I will (deciding to do something)
I think I will do the best. (correct)
I think I will be sick. (incorrect)
 Probably...will
I’ll probably be a bit late this evening.
Probably, she will accompany me there.
 I’m sure...will
I’m sure she will do that alone.
I’m sure you will like her, too.
 I expect....will
I expect Buda will pass the final test.
 Okay.....will
Okay, I’ll be there soon.
 Don’t worry....will
 No problem....will
 Etc....( and any other convincing expression )
Shall / Will + infinitive verb
Shall or will only for I and We.
Use will with all nous/pronouns.
We shall/will go to Prembun in June.
They shall already be at home at 7 in the evening.
(false)
We shall already be at home at 7 in the evening.
(true)
The negative of shall -----shan’t
The negative of will ----- won’t
I shan’t/won’t be here on the day after.
Use shall only in questions (for offering or asking for
suggestion)
Shall I open the door?
 (= Do you want me to open the door?)
What shall I do tomorrow?
(= what do you suggest I do tomorrow?)
Where shall we go this evening?
(= where do you suggest we go this evening?)
6) I ......(go) to the party tonight. Would you like to
come too?
7) I can’t meet you this evening. A friend of mine .....
(come) to see me.
8) A: Can you phone me later?
B: Sure, I .....(call) you tonight.

9) A: Please don’t tell anyone about this.

Put the verbs into correct form using will or going to B: I promise I ......(not tell) anyone.
1) A: Why are you turning on the television? 10) I feel a bit hungry. I think I........(get) something to
B: I.....(watch) the news. eat.

2) A: Oh, I’ve just realised I have no money left. 11) There’s a film on television tonight. ......(you/watch)
it?
B: That’s no problem I ....(lend) you some.
12) I’m too tired to walk home. I think ......(get) a taxi.
3) A: I’ve got a terrible headache.
12) A: It’s a bit cold in this room.
B: Have you. Wait here, I ...(get) aspirins.
B: Is it? I ......(turn) on the heating then.
4) A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

B: I ......(wash) my car.

5) A: I have decided to re-paint this room.

B: Oh, have you. What colour......(you/paint) it?

6) A: Look! There’s smoke coming out of that house.

It’s on fire!

B: Oh, My God! I .....(call) the fire-brigade immediately.

7) A: I can’t work out how to use this camera.

B: It’s easy. I.......(show) you.

8) A: Did you post the letter for me?

B: Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot. I ....(do) it now.

9) A: Alan, can you take me to the airport this

afternoon?

B: Of course, I .......(take) you there.

10) A: The ceiling doesn’t look very safe, does it?

B: No, it looks as if it ......(fall) down.

Put the verbs into correct form using will or going to

1) A: Do you want me to take to the station?

B: No thanks. Joko .....(take) me.

2) A: We haven’t got any salt.

B: Oh, haven’t we? I.....(go and get) some.

3) Don’t worry about the dog. It.....(hurt) you.

4) I promise she .....(come) to you today.

5) A: Have you decided where to go on your holidays?

B: Yes, I ..........(go) to Malang.

DF7 PRESENT TENSE__2ND MEETING
Present Simple
This tense can be used for
- True in general
- Humans have two legs.
- The earth goes round the sun.
- The sun sets in the west.
- Things in general
- The nurses look after the patients.
- The postmen send the letters.
- The doctors examine the patients.
- Habitual/Repeated actions
- Mr. Bud teaches us on Saturday.
- She sends many letters in the afternoon at
13.
- The shop closes at 5.30 p.m.
Present Simple
- Positive
- She goes there alone.
- They move to the west.
- She is happy.
- Negative
- She does not (doesn’t) go there alone.
- They don’t move to the west.
- She isn’t happy.
- Introgative
- Does she go there alone?
- Do they move to the west?
- Is she happy?
Note:
1. Do/does/did can only be followed
by Infinitive verbs.
2. Adverb frequency, like always,
usually, often can be used here.
3. Verb + s/es ------ for singular
subjects.
Answer the following yes/no questions
1. Is he smiling?
2. Is he sitting?
3. Does he understand English grammar?
4. Does he believe in God?
5. Does he belong to a political party?
6. Does he forget our dean?
7. Does he remember your birthday?
8. Does he know your address?
9. Is he eating?
10. Does he like meatballs?
Present Continuous
This tense can be used for actions
- Happening at the time of speaking
- Look, she is running over there.
- Hi, what are you doing here?
- Don’t make so much noise! I am studying.
- Happening around the time of speaking
- Andi and Suzan are sitting and drinking in a
café. Andi says he is reading an interesting
book at the moment. (Andy’s reading the
book is still in process)
- In temporary situation
- She is living here until tomorrow.
- The river is flowing much faster than usual.
- They are staying with me until they can
find a flat.
DF7 Present Continuous Identify the following whether correct or not

- Positive 1) He coming here next week on Monday.

- She is having dinner. 2) The number of people are studying inside.

- He is waiting for you. 3) Both of the girls are sleeping outside.

- Negative 4) She is having many problems.

- She isn’t having dinner. 5) Now, what you have?

- He isn’t waiting for you. 6) She doesn’t comes here on weekends.

- Introgative 7) Ann belongs to me.

- Is she having dinner? 8) They are be here for while.

- Is he waiting for you? 9) Not only the boys but also their mother never say
about that.
Note:
10) Look, Suzan is writing three letters.
1. Not all verbs can be used in continuous
form, like forget, remember, know, need, 11) What you are talking about?
want, like.
12) The answer is depends on you.
2. Adverbs frequency cannot be used here
because all action in continuous refers to a 13) Observing many students’ tasks is my main duty.
single action. 14) Where does she come from?
3. The times usually used are now, right now, 15) How much money are you needing right now?
at the moment, today, this morning, this
semester…etc 16) Who is your name?

Present with Future Meaning Identify the following whether correct or not

They are going to Solo tomorrow evening. 1) We are visiting Mr. Buda tomorrow at nine.

True 2) The plane is leaving Yogyakarta at twelve on

Monday morning.
They go to Solo tomorrow evening.
3) What’s your problem?
False
4) Look, the train is coming.
This train is leaving here tomorrow morning.
5) What are they taking inside?
False
6) She learn English together with me every Friday.
The train leaves here tomorrow morning.
7) He is correcting my assignment twice a week.
True
8) What does she want to explain right now?
It is raining tomorrow afternoon.
9) I don’t know the meaning of this word.
False
10) She is remembering my name.
Don’t worry. This dog isn’t hurting you.
11) There is much money in this box.
false
12) How is your uncle?
Note:
13) To solve your big problems is not a matter for me.
1. Present continuous with future meaning is for
personal plans. 14) What is she like?

2. Present simple with future meaning is for programs 15) Everything is okay.
& schedule.
16) She is always hurting after we meet.
DF8 Will be Ving (future continuous)
future perfect or other appropriate tenses.
Subject + will + be + Ving......
To say a subject(s) will be in the middle of doing something
at a certain time in the future.
 The football match begins at 7:30 and ends at 9:15;
so at 8:30, Tom will be watching the match.
 You will recognise her when you see her. She’ll be
wearing a yellow hat.
Fill the blanks by appropriate verbs using future continuous/
A. The meeting begins at 9 and ends at 12. When I
come at 10, the meeting......(1)....
B. We usually start the grammar class at 12:30 and
finish at 14:30. Therefore at 13, the students...(2).....
C. Their weeding ceremony takes 3 hours from 8:30
until 11:30. When Mr. Paijo comes at 11: 45,
the weeding....(3)..

 Jim is going to study from 7 until 10 this evening; On the other side, when Mr. Brown comes at 10,
therefore at 9, he will be studying. they....(4)...

To say one thing(s) which is (are) already planned or
decided
 I’ll be going to the city center later. Can I get you
anything?
(= I’m going to ...... or I’m going to go.....)
We use “Will you be Ving...” not only when asking about
people’s plan but also when wanting something or wanting
someone to do something.
D. It takes me 25 minutes to my house from my school.
It is from 13:00 until 13:25. My friend, Ann, is going
to come to my house at 13:15. Therefore, when she
reaches my house, I....(5)..., and when Joko reaches
my house at 14, I....(6).....
E. The teacher usually starts the lesson at 7. It is
already 7 o’clock , and I am still in a public
transportation. When I get to my class later, the
lesson....(7)....

 Will you be using your bicycle this evening?
No, you can take it.
 Will you be passing the post office when you go
out?
F. She practices speaking English from 6 until 10 in the
morning..
Therefore at 9 tomorrow, she..(8)....
Therefore at 9 yesterday, she...(9)...

Yes, why? Therefore at 9 right now, she...(10)....

Will have V3/been (future perfect)

Subject + will + have + V3/been...

To say something will have already happened before a

certain time in the future.

 The football match begins at 7:30 and ends at 9:15;

so at 9:30, the match will have finished.

 Jim always goes to bed at 10:30, so at 11 this

evening, he will have gone to bed.

 Tom is on holiday. He has very little money and he

is spending too much too quickly. Before the end of
his holiday, he will have spent all his money.

 Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film

begins at 7:30, and it is already 7:20. It usually
takes 20 minutes to get there.

Therefore, when they get there, the film will have

already started.

 Next year is Bim and Ann’s 25 weeding anniversary.

They will have been married for 25 years.
DF9 N LV Adv & N V N 4. The scary nurse....

5. The old building......

Basic Sentence Patterns
6. Many children......
Noun – Linking verb – Adverb
7. The house wife......
The nouns can be
8. His computer.....
 Names of people
9. Their pet......
 Pronouns
10. Many fish.....
 Personal nouns
11. SMPN 2 Purworejo.....
 Impersonal nouns
12. The sun.....
The linking verbs can be
13. Our teacher.....
 Auxliary be is, am, are, was, & were
14. Mrs. Brown.......
 Auxliary modal will be, must be, would be, can
be...etc

 Auxiliary perfect has been, have been, & had been Make the pattern of Noun – linking verb – adverb
The adverbs used are usually 1. ........among us.
adverbs of place like at home, here, there, among them, by 2. .........behind the door.
the window, next to my room, surrounding the office, at
KHA Dahlan 6, in front of the building, ....etc 3. .........at the front desk.

4. .........in the hospital.

Noun – linking verb – adverb 5. .........between the hospital and SMAN 1 Puworejo.

1. My elder brother should be inside. 6. .........on the first row.

2. The cat must have been outside. 7. ..........on the red corner.

3. Ann won’t be here. 8. ..........in my red bag.

4. My daughter in law was at school. 9. ..........in the kitchen.

5. The young midwife will be there soon. 10. ..........in the waiting room.

6. The book is on the table. 11. .........under the tree.

7. Juan’s class was at 7:30. 12. .........over the hill.

8. No student was inside of the class. 13. .........on the chair.

9. The post office is on the corner of the street. 14. .........along this road.

10. The zoo is far away from here.

11. Jack’s sister was in prison.

12. She is at hospital.

13. They will be on vacation.

14. Buda should be in my village.

Exercise the pattern of Noun – linking verb – adverb

1. The English professor.......

2. The new shop.......

3. The admission desk......

DF9 Basic Sentence Patterns 7. ........has paid.......

Noun – Verb – Noun 8. His song.....

The nouns can be 9. .........needed......

 Names of people 10. ........a bunch of flowers.

 Pronouns 11. Our leader.....

 Personal nouns 12. The sun.....

 Impersonal nouns 13. You.......

 subject or object forms 14. .......should clean........

The verbs based on tenses

 Can be simple or continuous Exercise

 Must be transitive 1) Make five senetnces using the pattern noun-verb-

noun
 Are considered their subject agreement
2) Make five sentences using the pattern noun-linkiing
verb-adverb
Noun – Verb – Noun

1. Bim didn’t have his car (yesterday).

2. The police have arrested three students.

3. The bill includes service.

4. We don’t use this road.

5. They are building a new ring road round the city.

6. I didn’t realise something that you want.

7. The committee has changed the date of the

workshop.

8. The students couldn’t visit the museum.

9. Good moslems will get reward from Allah.

10. Bad moslems will also get punishment from Allah.

11. Those people must have enough money.

12. We are ordered to remember Allah.

13. Margaret has had a baby.

14. I can’t make a phonecall.

Exercise the pattern of noun – verb – noun

1. ..........are waiting......

2. .........our tasks.

3. The officer.......

4. The dog.............

5. This book......

6. ........my little son.

DF10 PRESENT PERFECT 1 Present perfect simple

 They have cleaned the floor.

Present Perfect Simple
They have not cleaned the floor.
Subject + has/have + V3/been...
Have they cleaned the floor?
To say something done in the past, but there’s a connection
with the present  Sue has studied since I was here.
 Ann: You look different. She hasn’t studied since I was here.
Bim: Yes, I have cut my hair. Has she studied since I was here?
(Actually, his cutting hair was done in the past—  The boss has already been here.
“He cut his hair”, but it must be changed into The boss hasn’t already been here.
present perfect because It relates to Ann’s present
statement “You look different”) Has the boss already been here?

 Ann: Please have something that you like. gone to or been to?

Bim: No, thanks. I’ve eaten twice. - Ann has gone to Bali.

(In this case, his eating twice was done in the past
— -
“He ate twice”, but it must be changed into
present perfect because It connects to Ann’s present
offering “Please, have something that you like”)
(= She is there now or she is on the way there)
Tom has been to Bali.
(= He was there but now he has come back)

Present Perfect Continuous

Present perfect simple Subject + has/have + been + Ving
Usually the present situation is talking about “the result” To talk about an action which began in the past, but has
recently/just stopped.
 Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it is clean.
 The ground is wet. It has been raining.
She has washed it
(Now, it is not raining)
 Bim was 80 kilograms. Now he weighs 70.
 You’re out of breath. Have you been running?
He has lost weight.
 Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
 The car has stopped because there’s any more
petrol in the tank.  Your eyes are red and watery. Have you been
crying?
It has run out of petrol.
To talk about an action began in the past and it is still
Use a period of time or expression that continues up to the happening.
present.
 It has been raining for two hours.
Since yesterday...
(Now, it is still raining)
Never/ever
 How long have you been learning English?
Already
 She’s been watching television since this morning.
Superlatives
 He has been living here since Monday.
This is the second time

Yet (use yet only in questions & negative sentences)

Just

For three weeks

Recently

So far/ so far today...

This....
DF10 Present Perfect Continuous Put the verbs into correct form using present perfect tense.

This tenses also connects with present situation, usually 1) Joko is studying. He began studying three hours ago.
taking about the effects of the action.
He.....(study) for three hous.
 Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing
2) You have just arrived to meet your friend who is
the car.
waiting for you. (You/wait/long?)
 Bob has a black eye, and Bill has a cut lip. They
3) It’s the fifth cup of tea Anton (drink) this evening.
have been fighting.
3) It (rain) much so far this week.
 Jane is hot and tired. She has been playing tennis.
4) I ...(lose) my key. Can you help me look for it?
 Ann’s clothes are covered in paint. She has been
painting the ceiling. 5) Look! Somebody ...(break) that window.
All continuous always refers to a single action. 6) I ....(read) the book you gave me, but I ...(not finish)
it yet.
 Ann has been reading two novels today. (false)
6) Sorry I’m late. That’s all right. I ....(not wait) long.
(It is false because ‘two novels’ means reading
twice.) 7) I ....(clean) the windows. So far, I ....(clean) five of
them.
 How many pages of that book have you been
reading? 8) Suzan ....(have) a new baby.
(It is false because how many is to ask about the 9) Ann is the most beautiful woman I (ever see).
result.)
10) Jim isn’t here at the moment. He ....(go) to the shop.
 Jim has been playing tennis three times this week.
11) Why don’t you read the paper? I.....(already read)
(It is false “three times” means three actions.) three times.

12) Would you like something to eat? Thank you very

much, I ....(have) lunch.
Present perfect continuous
13) Fortunatelly, the old lady .....(forget) my name.
 They have been monitoring our project.
14) My brother is an actor. He .....(appear) in several
They haven’t been monitoring our project. films.
Have they been monitoring our project? They .......(make) films since they left college.
 Bim has been waiting for the newest
announcement.

Bim has not been waiting for the newest

announcement.

Has Bim been waiting for the newest

announcement?

Present perfect continuous with how long

Present perfect simple with how many, how much, & how
many times.

1. How long have you been smoking?

2. How long have you liked Anita?

3. How many books have you bought?

4. How much money have you needed to do that?

5. How many times have you failed the spoken test?

6. How many titles have you shared to my email?