READING &

WRITING SKILLS 11
Second Semester: 3rd Quarter
Week 7

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Division of Surigao del Sur

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Email Address:
 Competency: Identify claims explicitly or implicitly made in a written text
c. Claim of Policy

Objectives: At the end of the week, you shall have:

a. classified explicit and implicit claims from a paragraph;
b. determined claims of policy from a pool of statements; and
c. expressed the value of identifying explicit and implicit claims of value
in a text.

Learner’s Tasks

Lesson Overview

Previously, you have learned the two types of claims. These are claim of fact
and claim of value. Information could be presented in any of the claims depending
on the purpose of writing or the intention of the author. This LAS will let you learn
another type of claim that will help you sharpen your critical reading and writing skills.

CLAIM OF POLICY
It is a text that consists an argument that a certain condition should exist. It
promotes the adaptation of policies or a specific actions and solutions to a certain
problem. It also needs proof to support your claim.

CHARACTERISTICS:
• a text that will convince the audience that a certain problem exists
• provides a solution
• it should follow a procedure
• usually includes claim of fact and values
• must consider an opposing arguments
• it provides data that will show the benefit of the claim
• “ought”, “should, and “must” is implied in the claim

PROOF REQUIRES:
• a proposal of a clear action/solution to the problem
• needs justification
• the plan of action must be possible and workable
• also consider the opposition/counter arguments

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STEPS IN DEFENDING A CLAIM:
• make a factual claim/statement
• refer to values that will support the claim/statement
• introduce a policy to show why the solution can solve the problem

Consider this statement as an example:

To preserve and restore the identity of Filipinos in this generation, schools

must continue to teach subjects that include the history and culture of our country.

The given statement above is an example of claim of policy. In the rise of the foreign
cultures, the culture of Filipinos must still stand out specially in the new generation. It
calls for an action in terms of continuing to let learners study the history and culture
of our country as stipulated in the mandate of the education sector. The claim also
entails that there should be no termination of essential subjects that will help learners
preserve their identity as a Filipino. It presents a clear and doable solution.

Other examples:

• Parents must send their child/children to school.

• The age at which a person can get a driver’s license must strictly be at 18.
• National ID system must be implemented in the Philippines.
• The Local Government Unit should allocate fund for Covid-19 Patients.

Claims of policy are statements that focus on actions that should be taken to change
the status quo.

In identifying explicit and implicit claim of value you need to look at the following
statements below:

Explicit (explicitus) – obvious and apparent; directly stated

Example:
Censorship in the Philippines must be strengthened.

Explanation:
This claim demands that additional amendments on a specific policy be adopted
because present circumstances are no longer sufficient.
Source: https://link.quipper.com/en/organizations/547ffc3cd2b76d000200295e/curriculum#curriculum

Implicit (implicitus) – not expressed clearly; only suggested; indirectly stated.

Example:

There should be criminal charges brought against people who use social media to
bully others.
Source: https://pt.slideshare.net/jenyx2/speech104extracredit/3?smtNoRedir=1

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Explanation:
This claim calls that people who are social bullies should be penalized.

Activity 1
Directions: Read the paragraph below with understanding. From the paragraph,
identify statements that are explicit claims of policy and write them in the column
explicit claim of policy. Do the same for implicit claims of policy. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.

It is hereby declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the right of all
citizens to quality basic education and to make such education accessible to all by
providing all Filipino children a free and compulsory education in the elementary level
and free education in the high school level. Such education shall also include
alternative learning systems for out-of-school youth and adult learners. It shall be the
goal of basic education to provide them with the skills, knowledge and values they
need to become caring, self- reliant, productive and patriotic citizens.
Source:https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/08/11/republic-act-no-
9155/#:~:text=%E2%80%93%20It%20is%20hereby%20declared%20the,in%20the%20high%20school%20level.

EXPLICIT CLAIM OF POLICY IMPLICIT CLAIM OF POLICY

Activity 2
Directions: Read the statements with understanding and identify which among them
are claims of policy. Write the statements you identified on your answer sheet.

• The fire was done to force the squatters to vacate the area.
• The Philippine government should prioritize young adults for COVID-19
vaccination program.
• Literacy level of the country has plummeted for the last 50 years.
• Revitalized Homeroom Guidance Program should be implemented in the first
three early years of primary education to make it more effective.
• Criminal liability should be lowered to 9 years old since most of the minors
involved in criminal offenses fall in this age.
• There should be strict implementation of health protocols during COVID-19
specially in the public area.
• Legislation must be passed to stop the sale of cigarettes.

Copy the table on your answer sheet.

Claims of policy
(Write your answers here)

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Activity 3
Directions: Answer the following question briefly. Write your answer on your paper.

Why it is important to know and identify claims of policy explicitly or implicitly made
in a written text?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Formative Test

Directions: Read each item carefully then choose the most appropriate answer. Write
your answer on your paper.

1. Which of the following proof/evidence best supports the following claim? “All
students must be strictly prohibited to bring gadgets during class hours unless
permitted by the teacher.”

A. Yes, it is true to most schools.

B. Students must not bring gadgets during class hours because it will only
increase the electric bill of the school.
C. Students must not bring gadgets during class hours because there is a
possibility that they will only attend to their gadgets by playing, texting, or
updating their social media, and eventually they will not listen to the class
discussion.
D. Gadgets are tools that help people communicate, entertain, do business,
etc.

2. Choose the best explanation on the claim: “Barkada Kontra Droga program
ought to eradicate the drug addiction in the community.”

A. The claim shows an activity that schools promote to reach out and help the
community.
B. The claim entails a certain problem in the community that can be aided by
the said program that schools are implementing through conducting
symposiums and promoting advocacies with the guidance of school
administration and stakeholders.
C. The claim is true that is why schools implement the said program.
D. The claim is a good idea that helps the community to eradicate the
problem of drug addiction.

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3. Our world is a fast-changing world. Changes happen in just a twinkle of an eye
with the advent of technology. However, our educational system is still lagging.
Higher education institutions still face gigantic challenges to equip the young
graduates to become globally competitive. What claim of policy should best
address the scenario above?

A. To ensure that graduates are competitive for top jobs in their fields, higher
education should put additional resources into its career services office and
internship programs.
B. Higher education institutions must ignore the challenges posed by the
advancement of technology since the curriculum they have implemented in
the past years are already proven effective.
C. Teachers of higher education institutions must continue to implement the so
called “old school in teaching” since it had already marked milestone in
teacher education.
D. School administrators should strengthen its curricular offerings alongside with its
amenities and professional growth of their professors.

4. Parents of today’s era are working parents. They usually go to work early in the
morning and go home late at night. They habitually go home being burnt out by
the pressures brought by their jobs. Children are frequently left with nannies who
let the babies use gadgets to appease tantrums and to entertain them while they
indulge in social media use even during work hours.

What claim of policy should be made out from the scenario above?

A. Parents should pamper their children leisurely.

B. Parents should not only be aware of how their children are using social media,
but also must understand the potential positive and negative impacts of social
media.
C. Parents should support their children’s need regardless of positive or negative
effects of social media such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.
D. Parents should love their children, thus, allowing their little ones to use
cellphones frequently.

5. Why is it important to identify claims of policy explicitly or implicitly made in a

written text?

A. It is important to identify claim of policy to share someone’s ideas and thoughts.

B. It is important to identify claim of policy to prove that you are correct in your
certain stand.
C. It is important to identify claim of policy to apply opposing arguments and
apply all your gathered information.
D. It is important to identify claim of policy to determine a certain problem and
propose a solution by pointing out existing policies and values.

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 Answer Key

Activity 1

EXPLICIT CLAIM OF POLICY IMPLICIT CLAIM OF POLICY

Such education shall also include It is hereby declared the policy of the
alternative learning systems for out- State to protect and promote the right of
of-school youth and adult learners. all citizens to quality basic education
and to make such education accessible
It shall be the goal of basic to all by providing all Filipino children a
education to provide them with the free and compulsory education in the
skills, knowledge and values they elementary level and free education in
need to become caring, self- reliant, the high school level.
productive and patriotic citizens.

Activity 2

CLAIM OF POLICY
1. The Philippine government should prioritize young adults for COVID-19
vaccination program.

2. Revitalized Homeroom Guidance Program should be implemented in the

first three early years of primary education to make it more effective.
3. Criminal liability should be lowered to 9 years old since most of the minors
involved in criminal offenses fall in this age.
4. There should be strict implementation of health protocols in the midst of
COVID-19 specially in the public area.
5. Legislation must be passed to stop the sale of cigarettes.

Activity 3 (Answers may vary)

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 References

Baang, Milger A. et, al. Reading and Writing Skills Quarter 3 & 4-Module 2: Text and
Context Connections. Printed in the Philippines by the Department of
Education-Schools Division of Misamis Oriental, 2020.

Barrot, J. S. (2016). Academic Reading and Writing For Senior High School. Quezon
City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

Calalang, Arian Deise. 2017. “Slide Share.” Claims of Policy. Last modified March
19, 2017. Accessed on April 21, 2021.
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/ariandeisecalalang/claims-ofpolicy

https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/Book%3A_ArguingUsi
ng_Critical_Thinking_(Marteney)/04%3A_Claims/4.04%3A_Types_of_Claims

https://pt.slideshare.net/jenyx2/speech104extracredit/3?smtNoRedir=1

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/08/11/republic-act-no-
9155/#:~:text=%E2%80%93%20It%20is%20hereby%20declared%20the,in%20the%20
high%20school%20level.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-esc-wm
englishcomposition1/chapter/types-of-claims/

https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/claims-of-fact-value-and-policy
Accessed on June 15, 2018.

Serra, J., Corral, A., Boguńa, M., Haro, M. & Arcos, J. L. (2012). Measuring the
evolution of contemporary western popular music. Scientific Reports (2). Retrieved
from: http://www.nature.com/articles/srep00521