Chapter 3

Self-Assessment 1
Why is education viewed as a political activity? Give at least four
reasons.

 Granting the impoverished access to a quality education.

 They are given a new tool to help them succeed in life. Politicians are put at
danger by this.
 People with more education are more prone to challenge authority.
 Superstition is less common in educated people.

Self-Assessment 2
Social factors are very critical in designing a curriculum. Identify at least
two social factors that should be considered when designing a curriculum.
 Background, reputation, and social forces of the student
 The design of the curriculum takes into account a number of important
factors, including our multicultural society. Religion, color, gender,
ethnicity, socioeconomic class, age, and children with various disabilities
are some examples of diversity factors.

Self-Assessment 3
1. If the pandemic required remote digital learning, how would
this influence the curriculum?
 The long-term effects of adapting most of the curriculum to an online
format have not yet been fully realized. The new structure is probably
going to have an effect on teaching methods that will affect both teachers
and pupils. In contrast to the previous format, when it's possible that the
focus was on in-person education, this calls for a systematic strategy to
evaluating the adaptability of online teaching and learning. Lack of direct
 communication between teacher and student is one of the drawbacks of
emergency remote learning. This is simply not doable with broadcasts.
However, a number of nations demonstrated initiative by utilizing other
techniques, such as social media, email, telephone, and even the post
office, to enhance the distant learning experience. Sad to say, evidence is
increasing showing, despite best attempts to provide a supportive distant
learning environment, school closures have actually caused learning
losses.

2. How would academic freeze impact on the economy of the nation?

 Students from poor backgrounds will feel the financial losses more keenly.
Every sign points to students whose families are less able to support
extracurricular study suffering more learning losses than their more
privileged peers, which will ultimately result in greater lifetime earnings
losses.The economic losses to nations are enormous in their present value. It
won't be enough to just put schools back where they were in 2019. Only
improving them will help. While many different ways might be tried, the
research that has already been done suggests that paying close attention to
the modified reopening of schools offers strategies that could lessen the
losses. In particular, with the increased use of video-based instruction is
anticipated, and the ability of the teaching force to adapt to the new set of
responsibilities and activities may help schools perform better more rapidly.
Furthermore, due to the earlier disruptions change to more individualized
education could benefit all kids as classes restart by reducing the variance in
learning levels within specific courses. However, due to the already incurred
losses, the long-term economic effects also demand significant
consideration.Greater than the finest reopening strategies currently under
consideration.

Reflection
Do you think that the syllabi and textbooks used in your
schools adequately reflect your national ideology and the demands of your society?
 Yes, the idea of inclusion acts as a roadmap for the advancement of the
fundamental education. The accessibility of education must be ensured. This
requires encouraging the integration of the students' homes into their learning,
development, and well-being. It increases the pupils' positive identification with
themselves as people, learners, and community members. Education promotes
involvement, a sustainable way of life, and development as a democratic
society member.

Unit Test
1. Name four of the factors that influence curriculum design. Explain
how any two of the factors influence the curriculum.

 Social Factors
 One issue you may need to address when looking at the curricula being given
in your nation is the degree to which societal issues or social considerations
influenced the curriculum's creation. Regarding the goals and objectives,
society has its own expectations. That has to be taken into account when
developing the curriculum. It also has an opinion about what the school
system's end result is should resemble. Therefore, it is crucial for curriculum
developers to take these sociological factors into account. If it doesn't, the
curriculum is no longer relevant
 Economic Factors
 To boost the nation's economy is one of the justifications for government
funding of education. Consequently, the national needs of the economy
should be a focus of curricula. The students you teach will require
employment. The content and instruction should reflect the abilities required
by industry. Experiences these kids have had learning. The development of
the knowledge, attitudes, and abilities needed by business should take place
in the classroom.
 Technological Factors
  The computer is the most recent technical advancement that will have a big
impact on society and education. When you could feel out of date if you are
not computer literate. You may have noticed that there are several schools in
your neighborhood have added computer science as one of the topics. The
goal is to provide the students with the necessary computer knowledge and
skills. Other electronic media are being used in teaching besides computers.
 Environmental Factors
 People have lost their sense of responsibility for the environment and natural
resources over time. Sky has been impacted by this. The water and the land.
These lack of attention have a negative impact on humanity as a whole. The
globe is now poisoned by industrial trash. For instance, the ozone layer in the
atmosphere, which shields us from the sun's damaging rays, is being
destroyed. People want to fix this. Remediation can be achieved through
education. Environmental consideration is a necessity influencing curriculum
development to ensure future survival

2. Watch the Saber-tooth Curriculum (use this link:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hjTu0sbNFE ) and answer the following
questions.
a. Does the Sabre Tooth Curriculum still exist at present? Give examples of

evidences.
 The Sabre tooth curriculum is still in use, in my perspective, since in addition
to employing excellent literature, we also learn through real-world,
experiential activities. There are usually several different curricula in a
teacher's classroom. Real-world issues are inherently fascinating because
they are frequently pertinent and relevant to students' lives, either directly or
indirectly. Introduce students to topics relevant to environmental justice
issues, such as "Mapping Environmental Justice: The Geography of
Population and Pollution," "Using Media to Document Public Attitudes on
 Waste and Hazardous Waste and Toxins: Real Data for Real Place," and
similar activities.

b. Described the kind of curriculum that exist as described by the article.

 It means that instead of smothering the young with all of their wants and
desires, teacher educators must educate the young how to control their
cognitions, let them think, and let them accomplish things on their own. We
should teach them how to capture a fish with their hands rather than a net,
according to the concept of the curriculum that was being detailed in the
article.

c. Explain the sentence,” A curriculum must be timeless!”

 It suggests that our educational system must be operational and suitable for
the needs of the time. These curriculum decisions should ultimately be set by
our society to suit our needs rather than by particular teachers, school
buildings, or districts.

d. What is the difference between education and training; schooled and educated?

 While operational level workers are frequently provided with training, the term
"training" refers to the process of imparting a special skill or behavior to a
person. While training is undertaken with the aim of improving a certain ability,
education is a process of deliberate learning something in an environment that
supports the development of employees' senses of judgment and thinking.
Having these skills will generally make you more employable. While education
is pursued with the goal of enhancing your mental faculties and expanding your
personal information.

Chapter 4
 Self-Assessment 1
What is the difference between the objectives model and the
process model of curriculum design?
 The objectives model derives content and methodology from objectives,
whereas the process model derives content and methodology from curriculum
aim.

 The evaluation results in the objectives model improve and influence all stages,
including the curriculum idea, objectives, content, material and methodology.
In the process model, the evaluation is conducted on the outcomes and
influences curriculum goals.

Self-Assessment 2
1. Define a terminal objective or learning outcome and an enabling or

specific objective
Below are possible definitions for terminal and enabling objectives.

Terminal objective: Statement of what the learner should be able to achieve at the
conclusion of a unit of instruction.

Enabling objective: The sub-objectives of a terminal objective which will make it

possible for a learner to arrive at the terminal behaviour.
https://www.cgcc.edu/sites/default/files/online/Writing%20Objectives.pdf
 For each of the learning program's chosen tasks, a Terminal or
Performance Objective is created. A student will achieve a terminal target
at the greatest level of learning (KSA) appropriate to the needs for human
performance.
 The next step is to examine each terminal performance aim to see if it
requires one or more enabling or learning objectives. The Terminal
 Objective can be divided into smaller, easier-to-manage objectives due to
these supporting goals. Each enabling learning goal assesses a component
of the final performance goal.

2. Write LO for learning outcome and EO for enabling objectives

 appreciate the benefits of learning a foreign language. … LO
 say common expressions in Spanish EO
 make the student capable of using one of the three main methods of data
collection in order to identify the information needs of a specific clientele
(questionnaire, interview, detailed case-study). … EO
 draft a survey questionnaire to be used for data collection EO
 develop problem-solving skills. … LO
 compute the area of a triangle LO
 have more confidence in their knowledge of the subject matter. LO
 identify the characters who said the specific lines LO
 write a 50 word expressive essay EO
 learn to cook spaghetti EO

Self-Assessment 3
In Kerr’s model, what do you think are the important points raised
about objectives?
In Kerr’s model, objectives:
 are based on learning experiences and knowledge, societal needs and the
requirements of the disciplines;

 are divided into cognitive, psychomotor and effective domains; and

 give the standard on which evaluation is based

 Reflection
As a preparatory teacher, on which model or models of
curriculum design do you think the K to 12 curriculum was based? How does the
model affect what you actually teach in class?

 A subject-centered curriculum approach served as the foundation for K–12

curricula. A subject-centered curriculum centers on a particular subject or
discipline. With this approach to curriculum planning, the subject takes
precedence over the learner. What should be learnt and how should be
studied are both laid forth in a subject-centered curriculum. The core
curriculum is a subject-centered framework that can be uniformly applied
throughout educational institutions, states, and the entire country. Teachers
are given a predetermined list of topics they must discuss with their
students as well as specific directions on how to do so in the standardized
core curriculum. Subject-centered teaching techniques, where professors
concentrate on one subject or field, are also used in large college classes.
 In my experience as a teacher of preparation, the biggest drawback of a
subject-centered curriculum is that it is not student-centered. For example,
when designing this kind of program, the specific learning preferences of
the pupils are not taken into account. As a result, the students could struggle
with motivation and engagement, and they might even fall behind
academically.
 Unit Test
Provide 5 examples of lesson plan. Determine what curriculum model
does each lesson follows. Support your answer.

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Grades: 2nd - 12th, Adult Education

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Tyler’s Rational-Linear Framework in Lesson Plan Coursework

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Updated: Apr 8th, 2021

Detailed Lesson Plan

Time: 8:00 A.M to 8:20 A.M

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Subject: English language

Class: Upper

Intermediate

Teacher: Wid Al-Seraihi

Level (Age 13)

Language Focus: Speaking Topic: Prepositions of place

Objectives: To teach students how to use prepositions of place correctly in

sentences

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Outcomes:

Student (S) will identify and use prepositions to describe objects concerning one
another

S will comprehend and be able to show the use of prepositions

She will be able to speak and communicate with each other using prepositions

She will be able to use ‘in, on, at’ and prepositions of place ‘under, over, behind, in
front of, and other prepositional phrases
Prior Knowledge:

Ss have used prepositions in their sentences daily

The rationale for teaching prepositions of place:

Prepositions require frequent practice

The lesson will help the learner to use knowledge practically rather than memorize
prepositions

Ss should know that prepositions may be used interchangeably, and this should
help in avoiding confusion

Ss must know that sentences should not end in prepositions

The lesson promotes multiple intelligence as Ss learn through drawing examples

on correct usages of prepositions

Anticipated Problems:

In some cases, speakers may use prepositions interchangeably based on the

situation, and this may lead to further confusion

Ss may not understand prepositions on their own or logically

Possible solution

Regular practice is necessary to reinforce the use of prepositions among Ss

Possible Solutions:

Teacher (T) must watch and guide Ss activities

T must motivate learners to apply prepositions knowledge incorrect usages

Materials:

Computer & projector

Handout

Whiteboard

Taba Lesson Plan

Course: Foods for Life Unit: Nutrition

Lesson: Dietary Guidelines Practical Problem: How do I choose actions for a

healthy

diet and lifestyle?

Objectives:

1) Plan strategies for choosing foods that promote wellness throughout the life
span (Cognitive / Synthesis)

2) Develop strategies for selecting nutritious foods (Cognitive / Application)

3) Label the correct categories for dietary guidelines and common actions /
strategies to use the guidelines in every

day situations throughout the lifespan (Cognitive / Knowledge)

4) Separate the guidelines into appropriate categories (Psychomotor / Analysis)

5) Identify number of servings and size of serving in each guideline related to food
intake (Cognitive / Analysis)

Subjective/Objective
Introduction
Depending on your purpose for writing, you may want to express yourself using
strictly facts OR by stating what you feel or think. These two points of view in
writing are called objective and subjective point of view.

As a reader, it is important to know if what you're reading is based on the author's

opinion or if it is universally true. This can help you decode the text, understand
the intent of the author, and help you form your own opinions about what you're
reading.

In this lesson, you will...

Become familiar with the difference between the objective and subjective points of
view in writing.

Practice writing your own objective and subjective statements.

You may join the interactive Nearpod lesson attached for further practice.

https://static.ehe.osu.edu/downloads//educational-studies/wde/taba-lesson-plan-for-kellyfinal.pdf

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https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=7H8bAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_similarbooks

https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/78011/overview?section=1
 Submitted to: Ma’am Apple T. De la Cruz

-course facilitator

Submitted by:
Ma. Shiela T. Amar BEED 3A