Among the rear-view mirror's early uses is a mention by 

Dorothy Levitt in her 1909 book The

Woman and the Car which noted that women should "carry a little hand-mirror in a convenient place
when driving" so they may "hold the mirror aloft from time to time in order to see behind while driving
in traffic". However, earlier use is described in 1906, in a trade magazine noting mirrors for showing
what is coming behind now popular on closed bodied automobiles, and to likely be widely adopted in
a short time.[1] The same year, a Mr. Henri Cain from France patented a "Warning mirror for
automobiles".[2] The Argus Dash Mirror, adjustable to any position to see the road behind, appeared
in 1908.[3][4] Earliest known rear-view mirror mounted on a racing vehicle appeared on Ray
Harroun's Marmon race car at the inaugural Indianapolis 500 race in 1911.[5] Harroun himself claimed
he got the idea from seeing a mirror used for a similar purpose on a horse-drawn vehicle in 1904.
[6]
 Harroun also claimed that the mirror vibrated constantly due to the rough brick surface, and it was
rendered largely useless.[7]
Elmer Berger is usually credited with inventing the rear-view mirror, though in fact he was the first to
patent it (1921) and develop it for incorporation into production street going automobiles by his
Berger and Company.[citation needed]

Augmentations and alternatives[edit]

Recently, rear-view video cameras have been built into many new model cars, this was partially in
response to the rear-view mirrors' inability to show the road directly behind the car, due to the rear
deck or trunk obscuring as much as 3–5 meters (10–15  feet) of road behind the car. As many as 50
small children are killed by SUVs every year in the USA because the driver cannot see them in their
rear-view mirrors.[8] Camera systems are usually mounted to the rear bumper or lower parts of the
car, allowing for better rear visibility.
Aftermarket secondary rear-view mirrors are available. They attach to the main rear-view mirror and
are independently adjustable to view the back seat. This is useful to enable adults to monitor
children in the back seat.

Anti-glare[edit]

Glare from a following vehicle's headlamps in a rear view mirror

Prismatic anti-glare
 Day position Night position Show all

In the "day" position, the driver sees the road behind by

reflection on the (rear) metal surface. In the "night" position, the

driver sees the dimmer reflection on the (front) glass coating.

The light is attenuated in the second mode, which partially

compensates the pupillary response.

A prismatic rear-view mirror—sometimes called a "day/night mirror"—can be tilted to reduce the

brightness and glare of lights, mostly for high-beam headlights of vehicles behind which would
otherwise be reflected directly into the driver's eyes at night. This type of mirror is made of a piece of
glass that is wedge-shaped in cross-section—its front and rear surfaces are not parallel.
On manual tilt versions, a tab is used to adjust the mirror between "day" and "night" positions. In the
day view position, the front surface is tilted and the reflective back side gives a strong reflection.
When the mirror is moved to the night view position, its reflecting rear surface is tilted out of line with
the driver's view. This view is actually a reflection of the low-reflection front surface; only a much-
reduced amount of light is reflected in the driver's eyes.
"Manual tilt" day/night mirrors first began appearing in the 1930s and became standard equipment
on most passenger cars and trucks by the early 1970s.

Automatic dimming[edit]
In the 1940s, American inventor Jacob Rabinow developed a light-sensitive automatic mechanism
for the wedge-type day/night mirror.[9] Several Chrysler Corporation cars offered these automatic
mirrors as optional equipment as early as 1959, but few customers ordered them for their cars and
the item was soon withdrawn from the option lists. [citation needed] Several automakers[vague] began offering
rear-view mirrors with automatic dimming again in 1983, [citation needed] and it was in the late 1980s that
they began to catch on in popularity. [citation needed]
Current systems usually use photosensors mounted in the rear-view mirror to detect light and dim
the mirror by means of electrochromism. This electrochromic feature has also been incorporated
into side-view mirrors allowing them to dim and reduce glare as well.

Trucks and buses[edit]

On trucks and buses, the load often blocks rearward vision out the backlight. In the U.S. virtually all
trucks and buses have a side view mirror on each side, often mounted on the doors and viewed out
the side windows, which are used for near vision. These mirrors leave a large unviewable ("blind")
area behind the vehicle, which tapers down as the distance increases. This is a safety issue which
the driver must compensate for, often with a person guiding the truck back in congested areas, or by
backing in a curve.[10] "Spot mirrors", a convex mirror which provides a distorted image of the entire
side of the vehicle, are commonly mounted on at least the right side of a vehicle. In the U.S. mirrors
are considered "safety equipment", and are not included in width restrictions. [11][12]

Motorcycles[edit]
Depending on the type of motorcycle, the motorcycle may or may not have rear-view mirrors. Street-
legal motorcycles are generally required to have rear-view mirrors. Motorcycles for off-road use only
normally do not have rear-view mirrors. Rear-view mirrors come in various shapes and designs and
have various methods of mounting the mirrors to the motorcycle, most commonly to the handlebars.
Rear-view mirrors can also be attached to the rider's motorcycle helmet.

Bicycles[edit]

A bicycle with rear-view mirrors formerly on an automobile

Some bicycles are equipped with a rear-view mirror mounted on a handlebar. Rear-view mirrors may
also be fitted to the bicycle frame, on a helmet on the arm or the frame of a pair of eyeglasses. This
allows what is behind to be checked continuously without turning round. Rear-view mirrors almost
never come with a new bicycle and require an additional purchase.

Aircraft[edit]
In 1956, the Civil Aeronautical Administration proposed a rear-view mirror mounted right above the
pilot to keep an eye when private aircraft are landing or taxiing on the runway to prevent collisions.
[13]
 Fighter aircraft usually have one or more rear-view mirrors mounted on the front canopy frame to
watch out for chasing aircraft.

Computer monitors[edit]
Some computer monitors are fitted with rear-view mirrors to see if anyone is positioned behind the
user where they can see sensitive information, such as names and passwords, being keyed in or on
the screen. These are used especially on automated teller machines and similar.[14]