Assignment #5

Advanced Engineering Mathematics II

Fall 1400

1. Delineate the region in which the given PDE is hyperbolic, parabolic, and/or ellip-
tic, and then transform the equation in the respective region to a canonical form:

(a) xuxx + uyy = x2 ;

(b) uxx + y 2 uyy = y;
(c) x2 uxx − 2xyuxy + y 2 uyy = ex ;
(d) sin2 xuxx + sin 2xuxy + cos2 xuyy = x;
(e) uxx − yuxy + xux + yuy + u = 0;

2. Obtain the general solution of the following PDEs:

(a) x2 uxx + 2xyuxy + y 2 uyy + xyux + y 2 uy = 0;

(b) rutt − c2 rurr − 2c2 ur = 0; (c=cte), Hint: Let v = ru

3. Find the characteristics, the characteristic coordinates, and reduce the following
equations into canonical form:

(a) uxx + 2uxy + 3uyy + 4ux + 5uy + u = ex ;

(b) uxy + 2uyy + 9ux + uy = 2;
(c) uyy − 9ux + 7uy = cos y;

4. Determine the general solutions of the following PDEs:

1
(a) uxx − c2 uyy = 0; (c=cte)

1
 √
(b) uxx + uyy = 0; Hint: Let c = i = −1 in (a);
(c) uxx + uxy = 0;
(d) uxx + 10uxy + 9uyy = y;

5. Tranform the following equations to the form:

wst = cw, (c = cte)

by introducing the new variable:

u(x, y) = w(s, t)eas+bt

where a and b are undetermined coefficients:

(a) uxx − uyy + 3ux − 2uy + u = 0;

(b) 3uxx + 7uxy + 2uyy + uy + u = 0;

6. Given the parabolic equation:

uxx = aut + bux + cu + f

where the coefficients are constants. By the substitution:

1
u(x, t) = w(x, t)e 2 bx
2
for the case when c = − b4 , show that the given equation can be reduced to the
nonhomogeneous heat equation:

wxx = awt + g(x)

where

bx
g(x) = f e− 2

2
7. Consider the equation:

uxx − 6uxy + 9uyy = xy 2

(a) Find a coordinate system (s, t) in which the equation has the form:

1
9wtt = (s − t)t2
3
(b) Find the general solution u(x, y);
(c) Find a solution of the equation which satisfies the following initial conditions:

u(x, 0) = sin x, uy (x, 0) = cos x

8. Consider the following PDE:

uxx + 6uxy − 16uyy = 0

(a) Show that the equation is hyperbolic;

(b) Find the canonical form of the equation;
(c) Find the general solution u(x, y);
(d) Find a solution of the equation which satisfies the following conditions:

u(−x, 2x) = x, u(x, 0) = sin 2x

9. Consider the following PDE:

uxx − 2uxy + 4ey = 0

(a) Find the canonical form of the equation;

(b) Find the general solution u(x, y);
(c) Find a solution of the equation which satisfies the following conditions:

3
 u(0, y) = f (y), ux (0, y) = g(y)

10. I hope by now you had a good working experience on how to transform a given
governing equation from one coordinate system to another. Budinski et al. (2015)
tried to transform Poisson equation from cartesian coordinate system to a curvilin-
ear coordinate system. You need to read the attached paper in some detail and see
if you can reproduce second-order derivative stipulated in equation (3). You may
want to dig further into transformation theory by looking at Simmonds (1994).

References

Budinski, L., Fabian, J. and Stipic, M. (2015). Lattice Boltzmann method for ground-
water flow in non-orthogonal structured lattices, Comput. Math. Appl. 70: 2601–2615.

Simmonds, J. G. (1994). A brief on tensor analysis, 2nd edn, Springer-Verlag, New

York. 112 pp.

Thought for The Day

Life responds to deserve and not need. It doesn’t say, “If you need, you
will reap.” It says, “If you plant you will reap.” The guy says, “I really need
to reap.” Then you really need to plant.

Jim Rohn

And ...

“Life is a big wild crazy tossed salad, but you don’t eat it, no sir! You live
it! Isn’t it great?”

The Tick, in “The Tick Vs. El Seed”

Due date: Sunday, 5th Dey, 1400, 12:00am