2.

Research Method

Time and place

The research was conducted in April-May 2019 in East Kutai Regency North Sangatta
District. The location selection was based on considerations in the District Sangatta Utara that
the community has implemented the use of yard land.
Procedure

The research location was determined by purposive method sampling ) based on the yard
area category. The method used is a method survey. The survey method used is limited to the
definition of a sample survey, where only from the population that is taken and used to determine
the nature and characteristics of the population (Nazir, 2005). Samples come from farmer
households as many as 30 samples purposely ( purposive sampling ) with a yard area which are
grouped into three strata, namely strata 1 (0.5–1.0 ha), strata 2 (> 1–1.5 ha) and strata 3 (> 1.5–
2.0 ha).
Sampling was carried out on 30 farmer households by observation directly in the yard,
namely by recording the utilization of the yard from 3 broad strata Yard, which includes: 1) Yard
land ownership status, 2) Area and Percentage of Yard, 3) Structure and composition of
vegetation and animal species in Yard land, 4) The structure and composition of the compilers of
yard land are types crops, livestock and fish selected according to the wishes of the farming
family to be cultivated or planted and cultivated in yard land, 5) Classification of land
management yards, 6) Production of homesteads, both types of plants, livestock and fish based
on the harvest period in a year, namely each crop of the type of plant, livestock and fish
cultivated by farming families in the yard are calculated based on frequency of harvest in one
year. The yield of yard land in one years converted to rice per month. The source of the data
collected was primary data collection by way of observation in the field and taken directly at the
target object research or direct interviews with farmer families using questionnaire (list of
questions) arranged regularly according to research objectives and secondary data collection by
collecting data from the literature (study literature), documentation and reports from agencies
related to the study area.

Data Processing and Analysis Methods

1. Yard ownership status (SKP)

The ownership status of yard land is self-owned and not owned land itself (Managing and
Keeping Land without Lease). Yard land ownership status analyzed by counting the number of
samples belonging to themselves or the manager divided with the number of samples with the

following formula: SKP=

∑ skp =100 %
∑ sample
 2. Area and Percentage of Yard (LPP)

Analyzed by counting the number of samples that have an area (strata 1, 2 and 3) divided by the
number of samples with the following formula:

LP P=
∑ LPP =100 %
∑ sample
3. Structure and composition of vegetation and animal species in home gardens (SKJP)

Analyzed by counting the number of samples using the yard based on the structure and
composition of the types of vegetation and animals in the yard divided by the number of samples
with the following formula:

SK J P=
∑ SKJP =100 %
∑ sample
4. The structure and composition of the compilers of the yard (SKPP)

Analyzed by counting the number of samples using the yard based on the structure and
composition of the compilers of the yard divided by the number sample with the following
formula:

SKP P=
∑ SKPP =100 %
∑ sample
5. Yard land management classification (KPP)

The classification of home land management is agrosilviculture (annual plants and agriculture),
agrosilvopastura (perennial crops, agriculture and livestock), agrosilvofishery (perennial crops,
agriculture and fish farming), agrosilvopasturafishery (plants annual, agriculture, livestock and
fish farming). Analyzed by counting the number of samples that use the yard based on the
management classification Yard divided by the number of samples with the following formula: :

KPP=
∑ KPP =100 %
∑ sample
6. Productivity

Productivity of farmer family yards (sample) in North Sangatta District analyzed using the
following formula:

Quantity of production(kg)
Productivity=
Land Area(ha)
 7. Rice Conversion (KB)

It is analyzed by calculating the income of the homestead divided by the price rice with the
following formula:

KB=
∑ Tatal Results yard
price of rice

The price for converting the yield of the yards into the price of rice is Rp. 12,000 ,. At this price
based on the price of foodstuffs at the Sangatta Central Market (BPS Kutai Regency Timur,
2019).

8. The yield of homestead land is converted to rice (HPP).

Analyzed by calculating the income of the homestead divided by the number sample with the
following formula:

HPP=
∑ Tatal yard income ×100 %
∑ sample
9. The results of the average revenue composition yard area converted into rice (HPP average).
Analyzed by calculating the average income of the yards in one yard years divided by the price
of rice divided by the number of samples with the following formula:

HPP average=
∑ Tatal average yard income × 100 %
∑ sample

Regression Analysis

Productivity of Yard Composition

This analysis aims to determine how much influence the independent variables have
plantation and forestry crops (X 1 ), secondary crops (X 2 ), fruit crops (X 3 ), vegetable crops
(X 4 ), spices and medicinal plants (X 5 ), livestock and poultry (X 6 ), and fish cultivation (X 7 )
on the productivity of the yard based on the harvest period for support household food security in
Sangatta Utara District East Kutai (Y).
Regression is used to measure the influence of the independent variables on dependent
variable and predicting dependent variables using variables free. The regression analysis used in
this study is multiple linear regression. The multiple linear regression equation according to
Gaspersz (1995) can be formulated as follows:

Y = a + b 1 X 1 + b 2 X 2 + b 3 X 3 +… b n X 3 + e (9)

Information: Ŷ = Productivity of the composition of the yard

 X 1= Plantation and forestry crops

X 2= Secondary crops

X 3 = Fruit plants

X 4 = Vegetable plants

X 5 = Medicinal plants and spices

X 6 = Farm animals and poultry

X 7= Fish farming

a = Intercept

b 1 , b2 …… b n = coefficient of estimator parameters

e = standard error

3 Results and Discussion

North Sangatta District is a sub-district in the Kutai district East which has the largest
population, compared to its sub-districts other. This is because the North Sangatta sub-district is
the center of government and trade in East Kutai. North Sangatta District currently has a total
population approximately 90,152 people, whose community activities consist of various sectors
mining, agriculture, trade, civil servants, fishermen, craftsmen, laborers, retirees and others (BPS
East Kutai Regency, 2019).

Yard Area

The land that is the research sample is self-owned land and land not own. Land that does
not belong to itself is entrusted land by the land owner to the land guard to be cultivated as well
as to protect the land so that weeds and other weeds are not overgrown. This yard obtained from
the division of land for farmer groups in 1997-1999 with each area of 2,000 m 2 per head of
household.

Table 1 shows that 53.3% of the yards are cultivated by farmers the sample does not
belong to own land but is land that is protected and cultivated at the same time to be planted with
various types of agricultural crops which are the results for managing farmers and 46.7% are
self-owned and self-owned land

Table 1. Status of land ownership

 No Ownership status Number of people Percentage (%)
1 One’s own 14 46.7%
2 Rent 0 0.0%
3 Manage and protecting the land 16 53.3%
amount 30 people 100.0%
With the existence of a system for inheritance ( heritage system ) and a system for buying
and selling land, it is extensive Yard land varies between 500-2000 m 2 (Table 2). Yard area
between 1,000-2,500 m 2 is classified as a very large yard area large that is more than 1000
m 2 . This is in accordance with Arifin (1998) who divides the area of the site yards into 4: (A)
small, less than 200 m 2 , (B) medium, 200-500 m 2 , (C) large, 500-1000 m 2 , and (D) very
large, more than 1,000 m 2 .

The system of inheritance and fragmentation in certain groups of people triggers the
change in the yard. Yard land can be inherited, divided and also transferred because it is a form
of goods. All belongings of parents, including houses and yards in certain communities if both
parents died will be passed on to their children. The size of the yard is increasing day by day the
narrower and have an impact on the structure and function of the yard as a result of the system
inheritance (Arifin, 1998).